qcs 2007 section 3 part-5,in situ testing, instrumentation and monitoring

QCS Section 3 Part 5 In-Situ Testing, Instrumentation Page 1and Monitoring

5. IN SITU TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING.....................2

5.1 GENERAL ......................................................................................................2

5.1.1 Scope 25.1.2 References 2

5.2 TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING GENERALLY ............2

5.2.1 Testing 25.2.2 Instrumentation and Monitoring 2

5.3 TESTS............................................................................................................3

5.3.1 Tests in accordance with BS 1377 35.3.2 Tests in accordance with BS 5930 35.3.3 Geophysical Methods of Investigation 35.3.4 Special In Situ Testing 45.3.5 Hand Penetrometer and Hand Vane for Shear Strength 45.3.6 Self-boring Pressuremeter 4

5.4 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING ....................................................4

5.4.1 Groundwater 45.4.2 Installation of Standpipes and Piezometers 55.4.3 Installation of Gas Monitoring Standpipes 5


5. IN SITU TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING

5.1 GENERAL

5.1.1 Scope

1 Testing of soils in place, and provision of instrumentation and monitoring of groundwaterand subsurface gases.

2 Related Sections and Parts are as follows:

This Section Part 1, General Part 2, Boreholes Part 3, Test Pits and Trenches.

5.1.2 References

The following standards and other documents are referred to in this Part: BS 1377, Methods of tests for soils for civil engineering purposes BS 5930, Code of practice for site investigations BS 7022, Geophysical logging of boreholes for hydrogeological purposes The Geological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report on Engineering

Geophysics, Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology, 21, pp. 207-271, 1988. Clarke B.G. and Smith A., A model specification for radial displacement measuring

pressuremeters, Ground Engineering, Volume 25, No. 2, March, 1992.

5.2 TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING GENERALLY

5.2.1 Testing

1 The following information shall be submitted for each test record to be included in the dailyreport, preliminary log and factual report:

(a) date of test (b) project name, exploratory hole number and location (c) depth and location of test or depths covered by test (d) information on water levels in exploratory hole during testing (e) original ground level at test site (f) soil type and description as identified from the sample.

2 All results shall be reported in SI units.

3 Where load, displacement or other measuring equipment is used which necessitates regularcalibration, then this shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant standard (thepreferred method) or the manufacturer's instructions, by a calibration service approved bythe Central Materials Laboratory. Evidence of calibrations and copies of calibration chartsshall be supplied to the Engineer prior to commencing work and when otherwise requested.

5.2.2 Instrumentation and Monitoring

1 The top of each standpipe, gas monitoring standpipe and piezometer tube shall be protectedby a cover. The type of protective cover shall be approved by the Engineer.

2 When instructed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall install a protective fence around thetop of a standpipe or piezometer. The fence shall be constructed of corrosion treated angleiron, galvanised wire, and corrosion resistant wire mesh fencing suitable for use in theclimate of Qatar.


3 Daily readings of depths to water in groundwater monitoring standpipes and piezometersshall be made by the Contractor, with an instrument approved by the Engineer.

4 Where the presence of gas is suspected or when directed by the Engineer, gasmeasurements, using an approved in situ meter, shall be made by the Contractor duringconstruction of exploratory holes and in gas monitoring standpipes. The depth to water andbarometric pressure shall be measured immediately after each gas measurement.

5 Unless otherwise designated, piezometers, and standpipes protection shall not be removedfrom the site.

6 Other instrumentation and monitoring shall be carried out as designated.

5.3 TESTS

5.3.1 Tests in accordance with BS 1377

1 The following in situ tests shall be carried out and reported in accordance with BS 1377:

(a) in situ density by (i) small pouring cylinder method (ii) large pouring cylinder method (iii) water replacement method (iv) core cutter method (v) nuclear method

(b) static cone penetration test (CPT), capacity to suit scheduled depths unless otherwisedesignated

(c) dynamic probing (DPH or DPSH) (d) standard penetration test (SPT) (e) plate loading test (f) shallow pad maintained load test (g) California bearing ratio (CBR) (h) vane shear strength (i) apparent resistivity of soil (j) redox potential.

5.3.2 Tests in accordance with BS 5930

1 The following in situ tests shall be carried out and reported in accordance with BS 5930:

(a) constant head permeability test (b) variable head permeability test (c) packer permeability test.

5.3.3 Geophysical Methods of Investigation

1 Geophysical testing shall be carried out as designated. The Contractor shall submit to theEngineer a full description of equipment and procedure for each geophysical methodrequired.

2 The equipment and procedure, and information to be submitted for the followinggeophysical methods of investigation, shall be as described in BS 5930, BS 7022 and theGeological Society Engineering Group Working Party Report on Engineering Geophysics:

(a) electrical resistivity method (b) seismic refraction and reflection method (c) magnetic method (d) gravity method (e) electromagnetic method

(i) ground conductivity (ii) transient electromagnetic


(iii) ground probing radar (optional) (f) borehole geophysical logging (g) cross-hole seismic method.

5.3.4 Special In Situ Testing

1 Special in situ testing shall be carried out as designated.

5.3.5 Hand Penetrometer and Hand Vane for Shear Strength

1 Hand penetrometer and hand vane tests shall be carried out where required to give apreliminary estimate of undrained shear strength of the soil tested.

2 Hand (or pocket) penetrometer equipment shall be of an approved proprietary make withstainless steel tip of end area 31 mm2 with an engraved penetration line 6 mm from the tip.The scale shall be suitably graduated. The procedure for the test shall be in accordancewith the manufacturer's instructions. Both unconfined compressive strength and estimatedshear strength shall be reported for the soil tested.

3 Hand vane equipment shall be of an approved proprietary make with stainless steel vaneshaving a length of 19 mm or 33 mm and a length-to-diameter ratio of 2:1. The scale shallbe suitably graduated. The procedure for test shall be in accordance with BS 5930 and themanufacturer's instructions. Peak shear strength and residual shear strength shall berecorded.

4 The reported shear strengths for the hand penetrometer and handvane shall be the averageof 3 tests in close proximity. Tests giving inconsistent results shall be reported andcomments on the relevance of the tests noted.

5.3.6 Self-boring Pressuremeter

1 The equipment shall be of the Cambridge type (soft ground) self-boring pressuremeter(SBP) unless otherwise designated. The instruments, calibration, operator, installation,testing procedure, on-site data processing and analysis, information to be submitted, reportdata processing and analysis and information to be submitted in the report shall be asdescribed by Clarke and Smith (1992) and as designated..

5.4 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING

5.4.1 Groundwater

1 When groundwater is encountered in exploratory holes, the depth from ground level of thepoint of entry shall be recorded together with depth of any casing. Exploratory holeoperations shall be stopped and the depth from ground level to water level recorded with anapproved instrument at 5 min intervals for a period of 20 min. If at the end of the period of20 min the water level is still rising, this shall be recorded together with the depth to waterbelow ground level, unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer, and the exploratory holeshall then be continued. If casing is used and this forms a seal against the entry ofgroundwater, the Contractor shall record the depth of casing at which no further entry or onlyinsignificant infiltration of water occurred.

2 Water levels shall be recorded as required by the Contract and at the beginning and end ofeach shift. On each occasion when groundwater levels are recorded, the depth of theexploratory hole, the depth of any casing and the time shall also be recorded.

3 Where artesian conditions are encountered, the Contractor shall immediately inform theEngineer and agree a method for dealing with the conditions.


5.4.2 Installation of Standpipes and Piezometers

1 Standpipes for monitoring groundwater levels and changes in groundwater levels shall beinstalled in exploratory holes, as instructed by the Engineer. They shall be to the designatedform and detail, and appropriate dimensions and depths shall be recorded at the time ofinstallation.

2 Standpipe piezometers for monitoring groundwater levels in exploratory boles shall beinstalled as instructed by the Engineer. They shall be to the designated form and detail, andappropriate dimensions and depths shall be recorded.

3 The Contractor shall install piezometers of the hydraulic, electrical or pneumatic typedescribed in BS 5930 as designated.

5.4.3 Installation of Gas Monitoring Standpipes

1 Standpipes for monitoring gas concentration in exploratory holes shall be installed asinstructed by the Engineer. Warning signs or other safety measures required by the CivilDefence Department of the Government shall be complied with. Standpipes shall be of thedesignated form and detail. All dimensions and depths shall he recorded at the time ofinstallation.

END OF PART

5. IN SITU TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING5.1 GENERAL5.1.1 Scope5.1.2 References5.2 TESTING, INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING GENERALLY5.2.1 Testing5.2.2 Instrumentation and Monitoring5.3 TESTS5.3.1 Tests in accordance with BS 13775.3.2 Tests in accordance with BS 59305.3.3 Geophysical Methods of Investigation5.3.4 Special In Situ Testing5.3.5 Hand Penetrometer and Hand Vane for Shear Strength5.3.6 Self-boring Pressuremeter5.4 INSTRUMENTATION AND MONITORING5.4.1 Groundwater5.4.2 Installation of Standpipes and Piezometers5.4.3 Installation of Gas Monitoring Standpipes

qcs 2007 section 3 part-5,in situ testing, instrumentation and monitoring

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