qcxdvn 1997 qui hoach xay dung

5/23/2018 QCXDVN 1997 Qui Hoach Xay Dung

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H Ni, ngy 14 thng 12 nm 1996

QUYT NH CA B TRNG XY DNGV vic ban hnh Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam

B TRNG XY DNG

- Cn c Ngh nh s 15/CP ngy 4/3/1994 ca Chnh ph quy nh chc nng, nhim v v c cu tchc ca B Xy dng;- Cn c Ngh nh s 42/CP ngy 16/7/1996 ca Chnh ph ban hnh iu l qun l u t v Xy dng;- Xt nhu cu v qun l Quy hoch v Xy dng, theo ngh ca V trng V Chnh sch xy dng,V trng V Qun l Kin trc v Quy hoch, Vin trng Vin Kin trc v Tiu chun ho xy dng,Vin trng Vin quy hoch th - Nng thn.

QUYT NH

iu 1: Ban hnh km theo quyt nh ny Quy chun Xy dng tp I (Phn Quy nh chung v Quyhoch xy dng).iu 2: Quyt nh ny c hiu lc thi hnh t ngy 1/1/1997 v p dng trong phm vi c nc.iu 3: Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan thuc Chnh ph, UB nhn dn c c tnh, thnh ph trc thucTrung ng c trch nhim t chc thi hnh Quyt nh ny.

B Trng B Xy Dng

Ng Xun Lc

( k)

Chng IQUY NH CHUNG V QUY CHUN XY DNG

iu 1.1 Phm vi p dng ca Quy chun xy dngQuy chun xy dng (di y c vit tt l quy chun hoc QCXD ) l vn bn quy nh cc yu cuk thut ti thiu, bt buc phi tun th i vi mi hot ng xy dng, v cc gii php, c c tiu chun


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c s dng t cc yu cu .

Ghi ch:

1. Nhng trng hp hn ch phm vi p dng, nu c, c quy nh tng chng c th.2. Trong QCXD, nhng dng ch in ng l nhng yu cu bt buc, nhng dng ch in nghing lphn hng dn nhng gii php c chp thun (xem iu 1.4).3. QCXD l c s k thut cho vic lp, thit k v thm nh, ph duyt cc d n quy hoch, nthit k cng trnh xy dng, kim tra qu trnh xy dng v nghim thu cho php s dng cng trnh.4. QCXD bao gm cc quy nh lin quan n k thut trong cc hot ng xy dng, khng bao gmcc quy nh lin quan n cc th tc hnh chnh, qun l v xy dng, trt t, v sinh cng cng.

iu 1.2 Gii thch t ngTrong quy chun ny, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau:1.2.1. Hot ng xy dngHot ng xy dng c hiu l mi hot ng k thut lin quan n xy lp cc cng trnh xy dng,vi 2 giai on chnh:

1) Quy hoch xy dng: gm lp quy hoch xy dng v qun l xy dng theo quy hoch.2) u t, xy dng cng trnh: gm lp d n u t, kho st, thit k, thi cng xy lp (k c sacha, ci to, ph d) v bo tr cc cng trnh xy dng.

1.2.2. Tiu chun Vit NamTiu chun Vit Nam c hiu l cc tiu chun ca Vit Nam, bao gm:

1) Tiu chun Nh nc, c m hiu l TCVN; v2) Tiu chun Xy dng, c m hiu l TCXD; v3) Tiu chun Ngnh, c m hiu l TCN.

iu 1.3 Mc tiu ca Quy chun xy dngMc tiu ca QCXD l m bo vic xy dng mi, ci to cc th, khu dn c, khu cng nghip v cccng trnh xy dng t hiu qu v mi mt:

1. Bo m cc iu kin an ton, v sinh, tin nghi cho nhng ngi lm vic v sinh sng trong khuvc hoc cng trnh c xy dng, ci to.

2. Bo v c li ch ca ton x hi, bao gm:a) Bo v mi trng sng, cnh quan v cc di tch lch s, vn ho; gi gn v pht trin bn scvn ho dn tc;b) Bo v ti sn x hi gm cng trnh xy dng v ti sn bn trong cng trnh;c) S dng hp l vn u t, t ai v cc ti nguyn khc.

iu 1.4 Cc yu cu k thut ca Quy chun xy dng.Nhm m bo cc mc tiu nu iu 1.3, mi hot ng xy dng phi t c cc yu cu k thutnu trong cc chng di y, bao gm:

1. Cc yu cu s dng t, bo v mi trng, sc kho v bo m an ton, tin nghi cho con ngikhi lp quy hoch xy dng;2. Cc yu cu ti thiu v an ton, v sinh v tin nghi cho con ngi s dng khi thit k xy dngcng trnh;3. Cc yu cu ti thiu v an ton lao ng, bo v mi trng, cnh quan khi thi cng xy lp cng

iu 1.5 Cc gii php k thut c chp thun.1.5.1 Yu cu i vi cc gii php k thut.

1. Cc gii php k thut p dng trong thit k quy hoch, thit k, thi cng cc cng trnh xy dngch c chp thun nu chng m bo cc yu cu k thut, quy nh trong quy chun ny.2. Trng hp xy dng ci to, nu hon cnh thc t khng cho php m bo cc yu cu ca tiuchun, phi c gii php ph hp, p ng cc yu cu ti mc cao nht c th c.

1.5.2 Nhng gii php c chp thun l:


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1. Nhng gii php c nu trong QCXD:a) Nhng gii php ny da trn mt s tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh v c QCXD chpthun. Khi mt tiu chun no trong s ny c thay th th tiu chun thay th s mc nhinc chp thun trong QCXD.b) Khi c khc bit gia QCXD v tiu chun, phi tun theo QCXD.

2. Hoc nhng gii php khng c nu trong QCXD nhng c cp c thm quyn thm nh lt yu cu ca tiu chun.

Ghi ch:

Nhng gii php nu 1.5.2.2 thng da trn cc tiu chun quc t, tiu chun nc ngoi, c phpp dng theo quy nh iu 1.6.

1.5.3. Cc thit k in hnh ca cu kin, chi tit, b phn cng trnh do B Xy dng ban hnh c coil thuc gii php k thut c chp thun, khng phi thm nh khi p dng vo thit k cng trnh.

iu 1.6. p dng cc tiu chun quc t, tiu chun nc ngoiCc tiu chun quc t, tiu chun nc ngoi c th c p dng vo kho s t, thit k, thi cng cc cngtrnh xy dng Vit Nam nu nhng tiu chun ny m bo cc yu cu k thut, quy nh trong QCXDv c B Xy dng chp thun.

Ghi ch:1. B Xy dng (theo cc Thng t s 12/BXD-KHCN ngy 24-4-1995 v 78/BXD-KHCN ngy 17-7-1995) chp thun, cho php p dng cc tiu chun xy dng hin hnh ca t chc tiu chun ho quc tISO v ca cc nc Anh, c, M, Nht, Php, c, khng thuc cc lnh vc di y:

a) S liu: kh hu xy dng, a cht thu vn, b) Phng chng: chy n, gi bo, st. c) V sinh mi trng d) An ton cng trnh di tc ng ca kh hu a phng. e) An ton lao ng.

2) Khi p dng tiu chun quc t, tiu chun nc ngoi vo Vit Nam phi m bo s ng b ca tiuchun c p dng. Trong mt s trng hp, cn c nhng b sung cho ph hp vi cc iu kin t

nhin, x hi, kinh t, k thut ca Vit Nam.


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Chng II

S LIU T NHIN DNG TRONG THIT K XY DNG

Mc tiu ca chng ny l m bo cho vic lp cc d n quy hoch xy dng v thit k cng trnh phhp vi cc iu kin t nhin ca Vit Nam.

iu 2.1 S liu t nhin ca khu vc xy dngCc s liu t nhin ca khu vc xy dng c s dng lp d n quy hoch v thit k cng trnh phi

l cc s liu chnh thc bao gm:1. Cc s liu nu trong tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh;2. Hoc cc s liu do cc c quan chc nng Nh nc cung cp, trong trng hp cha c tiu chunVit Nam tng ng.

Ghi ch:

1. V s liu t nhin, hin c nhng tiu chun sau:a) Tiu chun: "S liu kh hu dng trong thit k xy dng - TCVN 4088-85";b) Tiu chun "Ti trng v tc ng - TCVN 2737-95".2. Cc s liu t nhin khc, c php tham kho "QCXD tp 3 - Ph lc S liu t nhin Vit Nam".

iu 2.2 Ti liu kho st k thut a im xy dng.Cc ti liu kho st k thut a im xy dng v a hnh, a cht cng trnh, a cht thu vn, thyvn, nghin cu tc ng mi trng phi do cc t chc chuyn mn c t cch php nhn lp theo cctiu chun Vit Nam hoc cc tiu chun nc ngoi c B Xy dng chp nhn.

Ghi ch:

Danh mc cc tiu chun Vit Nam hin hnh lin quan n kho st k thut a im xy dng c BXy dng cng b hng nm trong "Danh mc tiu chun Vit Nam v xy dng".


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Chng III

IU KIN K THUT CHUNG THIT KCC CNG TrnH XY DNG.

Mc tiu ca chng ny l m bo cc cng trnh c thit k ph hp vi cc c im t nhin, conngi, x hi, kinh t v k thut ca Vit Nam.

iu 3.1 Yu cu chung i vi cc cng trnh xy dng.

Cc cng trnh xy dng phi m bo cc yu cu nh quy nh di y v:1. Quy hoch v thit k kin trc;2. An ton v kt cu;3. An ton v phng chng chy, n;4. V sinh, tin nghi v cc an ton khc cho ngi s dng cng trnh.

iu 3.2 Quy hoch v thit k kin trc.3.2.1. a im xy dnga im xy dng cng trnh phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

1. Ph hp vi d n quy hoch c duyt ca khu vc; Trng hp khu vc cha c quy hochc ph duyt, a im xy dng cng trnh phi do cp c thm quyn ph duyt quy hoch chun

2. Khng nm trong khu vc cm xy dng (v nhng l do bo v: mi trng, ti nguyn, cnhquan, di tch, bo v cc cng trnh k thut h tng, cng trnh quc phng), nh quy nh chng3. Khng lm nh hng xu ti cnh quan v khng lm nhim mi trng qu gii hn cho php,quy nh chng 4;4. Bo m cc yu cu v phng chng chy, n, quy nh iu 3.4.5. Tit kim t, nht l t canh tc.

3.2.2 Thit k kin trc.Thit k kin trc ca cng trnh (quy hoch tng mt bng, t hp hnh khi khng gian, trang tr ningoi tht, b tr sn vn) phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

1. Ph hp vi cc quy nh v qun l xy dng ca khu vc;2. Ph hp vi iu kin kh hu ca a phng, khai thc mt thun li v hn ch mt bt li ca

thin nhin; tn dng thng gi v chiu sng t nhin.3. Hi ho vi cnh quan thin nhin v nhn to ca ni xy dng, tn dng cc yu t mt nc, cyxanh, ng x sn c; gi gn bn sc vn ho dn tc.

iu 3.3 Bo v ti nguyn, mi trngCc cng trnh c xy dng phi:

1. Khng gy tc ng xu ti mi trng: m bo c c quy nh k thut v bo v mi trng, bov c cnh quan.2. Bo v c cc khu bo tn thin nhin, cc di tch lch s, vn ho, kin trc.3. m bo khai thc hp l ti nguyn thin nhin, khng gy kh khn, cn tr cho cc bc khaithc tip theo.

4. Tn trng phong tc, tp qun, tn ngng ca cc dn tc ti ni xy dng cng trnh.

iu 3.4 Phng chng chy, n3.4.1 a im xy dng cng trnha im xy dng cng trnh phi t cc yu cu sau:

1. Hn ch c nh hng xu ti dn c v cng trnh cc khu vc ln cn, mt khi xy ra chy2. m bo cho cc phng tin cha chy hot ng hiu qu v an ton: c ng giao thng thuntin, thng xuyn m bo ngun nc cha chy.

3.4.2 Cng trnh1. Vic thit k, thi cng v s dng cng trnh phi m bo:

a. Ngn nga kh nng to ra mi trng chy, n; s dng vt liu, cu kin c mc chu la ph hp


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vi cng nng, quy m cng trnh;b. Cch ly mi trng d chy n vi mi ngun gy chy n,c. C cc bin php chng chy, n ph hp:

i) C phng tin pht hin v bo chy thch hp;ii) m bo li thot an ton v kp thi cho mi ngi ang bn trong cng trnh;iii) Ngn nga chy, n lan rng;iv) Trang b cc phng tin cha chy ph hp, c hiu qu.

2. Yu cu v gii php phng chng chy cho cc ngi nh c quy nh chng 11.

iu 3.5 An ton kt cu3.5.1 Yu cu chung1. Cng trnh phi m bo an ton s dng bnh thng trong sut thi gian thi cng v s dng nh sau:

a. n nh ca cng trnh phi c tnh ton ph hp vi loi cng trnh theo mi yu t tc ngln chng bao gm:

i) T hp bt li nht ca cc ti trng, k c ti trng gy ph hoi t t;ii) Cc tc ng khc, k c tc ng theo thi gian.

b. Cng trnh, b phn cng trnh, vt liu phi duy tr c vic s dng bnh thng, khng b bindng, rung ng v suy gim c c tnh cht ho l khc qu mc cho php.

2. Vt liu s dng cho cng trnh phi m bo bn lu: p ng cc yu cu s dng quy nh,khng phi sa cha ln trong thi gian quy nh.

3.Yu cu v gii php thit k kt cu cc ngi nh c quy nh trong chng 9.

3.5.2 Ti trng v tc ng1. Ti trng v tc ng dng thit k cng trnh phi ph hp vi cc yu cu nu trong tiu chunTCVN 2737-95: "Ti trng v tc ng. Yu cu thit k", c b sung, hiu chnh theo cc kt ququan trc ti a im xy dng.2. Ti trng gi phi c tnh n khng ch trong thit k m c trong thi cng.

Ghi ch:

Xy dng cc cng trnh trong vng c gi bo cn trnh cc gii php kin trc, kt cu c cc bphn hoc chi tit m khi gp bo hoc ma to s to nn cc ti trng ph bt li, cc dao ng cbin ln, cc ti nc. Ch s dng cc loi hnh kt cu c li v mt kh ng hc cc loi ktcu, cu to truyn thng c kh nng chng bo tt.

3.5.3 Chng l ltCng trnh xy dng vng b bin v cc vng ngp lt phi m bo an ton cho ngi s dng,phng trnh ngp lt, sp, tri v sng, nc dng. Cc cng trnh xy dng vng trung du, vng niphi c bin php trnh tn tht l qut, l ni v xi mn t.

iu 3.6 Chng ng t3.6.1 Yu cu khng chnTheo yu cu khng chn, cc cng trnh xy dng c phn lm 3 cp:

1. Cng trnh cp 1:

a. Cng trnh cp 1 l nhng cng trnh c bit quan trng, khng cho php c bin dng v hhng cc b.b. Cc cng trnh cp 1 c xp hng theo quyt nh ca Th tng Chnh ph, bao gm ccloi cng trnh nh: l phn ng ht nhn, p nc ln (c kh nng gy thit hi nghim trngv kh khi phc), nh my ho cht c hi, cng trnh vn ho c ngha vnh cu, h thngcu ho quan trngc. i vi cng trnh cp 1, phi p dng cc bin php khng chn theo cp ng t cc ivi mi tn sut.

2. Cng trnh cp 2:a. Cng trnh cp 2 l nhng cng trnh thng thng, cho php c bin dng nh nt, h hngcu kin ring l nhng phi m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.


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b. Khi thit k cng trnh cp 2, phi thit k khng chn vi cp ng t c la chn chotng trng hp c th.

3. Cng trnh cp 3:a. Cc cng trnh cp 3 l nhng cng trnh khi b ph hu do ng t t c kh nng gy chtngi hoc thit hi ln v kinh t.b. Cng trnh cp 3 gm cc ngi nh dn dng, cng nghip mt tng v khng c ti sn qubn trong, nh kho thng thng, nh ph tr.c. Cc cng trnh cp 3 khng yu cu khng chn.

3.6.2.Cp ng t

Cp ng t cc i im xy dng c xc nh theo bn phn vng ng t (ph lc 2.3trong QCXD tp 3) v hiu chnh theo iu kin nn t ti a im .

3.6.3 Thit k khng chnGii php v tnh ton thit k khng chn c chn theo cc tiu chun khng chn hin hnh.

Ghi ch:

Hin cha c tiu chun Vit Nam v khng chn. Khi thit k c php vn dng trong s cc tiuchun hin hnh ca cc nc tin tin v c B xy dng chp thun.

iu 3.7 Chng n mn3.7.1 Tt c cc loi nh v cng trnh c xy dng v s dng iu kin kh hu Vit Nam u phi c

bin php chng n mn thch hp.

3.7.2 Cc bin php chng n mn c la chn phi c hiu qu, lu bn v kinh t. Bin php bo vkt cu v cng trnh chu tc dng n mn ca ho cht hoc sinh vt, phi ph hp vi c im ca tcnhn n mn (loi ho cht, cht do sinh vt tit ra) v tc ng ph hoi kt cu ca chng.

3.7.3 Gii php k thut c chp thunc php p dng nhng gii php chng n mn di y:

1. i vi kt cu kim loi:a. Sn ph: p dng cho kt cu tip xc vi khng kh.b. Kt hp sn ph vi bo v in ho: p dng cho kt cu nm trong nc v trong t.

2. i vi kt cu b tng ct thp v b tng ct thp ng lc trc:a. Dng loi xi mng thch hp vi mi trng.b. p dng cc bin php lm tng cht ca b tng, nng cao kh nng chng thm cho btng. Chn chiu dy lp b tng bo v ct thp ph hp vi mi trng xm thc.c. Sn ph mt ngoi ngn nc thm.d. Bo v ct thp bng phng php in ho thch hp.e. Cc b cp hoc b si thp cng cao trong b tng ct thp ng lc trc phi cchng r v t trong rnh kn thn kt cu b tng, khng c t trong cc rnh h ri phkn bng va xi mng.

iu 3.8 Chng thm3.8.1 Chng thm cho cng trnh phi c d tnh ngay t khu thit k cho n khu thi cng.

3.8.2 Vt liu chng thm c s dng phi ph hp vi cc c im ca Vit Nam l: kh hu nhit inng m, ma nhiu, mc nc ngm ni chung cao.

3.8.3 Gii php k thut c chp thun1. c php p dng nhng gii php chng thm di y:

a. Ngm nc xi mng trn b mt b tng chng thm;b. Sn bitum cao su;c. Lng va xi mng ct vng c lp vt liu chng nng pha trn.d. Vt liu v k thut chng thm mi, c hiu qu.

2. Khng c chng thm bng cc gii php, vt liu sau:

a. Qut bitum;


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b. Dn giy du hay giy cao su cch nc;c. Lng va xi mng m khng c lp vt liu chng nng pha trn.

iu 3.9 Chng st3.9.1 Yu cu chng st cho cng trnh

1. Theo yu cu chng st, cc cng trnh xy dng (tr cc cng trnh c bit nu im 3 diy) c phn ra 3 cp nh quy nh bng 3.9.12. Khi trong mt cng trnh xy dng tn ti nhiu cp bo v chng st, phi ly cp cao nht lmcp bo v chng st chung cho ton b cng trnh.

3. Nhng cng trnh c yu cu c bit v chng st nh di y phi theo nhng quy nh cachuyn ngnh:

a. Kho vt liu n, kho xng du;b. ng dy ti in, in thoi;c. Ct truyn thanh, ngten thu pht sng v tuyn;

3.9.2. H thng chng st1. H thng ni t chng st cho cng trnh phi ph hp vi cc iu kin a hnh, a cht, khtng v c im cng trnh.2. Phi p dng bin php chng st ngay khi bt u thi cng xy lp cc kt cu bng kim loi trn cao, ngoi tri v khi lp t cc thit b k thut trong nh. Khi lp t trang thit b chng stcho cng trnh phi m bo an ton cho ngi, thit b k thut v ton b cng trnh trong vng

c bo v chng st.3. Phi hon chnh trang thit b chng st ngay khi xy dng xong cng trnh. Sau khi lp t phitin hnh th nghim, nghim thu. Trong qu trnh s dng phi thng xuyn kim tra, bo dngnh k.4. Thit k chng st cho cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip c quy nh chng 10. Thit kchng st cho cc cng trnh k thut chuyn ngnh phi tun theo cc tiu chun chng st chuyn

Bng 3.9.1 - Phn cp chng st cc cng trnh xy dng


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Ghi ch:

(1) Nhng cng trnh cp III di y khng cn chng st nh thng:a. C chiu cao (t mt t ti im cao nht ca cng trnh) di 8m v:- C s ngi tp trung khng qu cao;- Khng c b phn cu kt ln hoc my mc ln bng kim loi;- Nm trong vng t c st (khng thy st nh t 5 nm tr ln);

- Khi st nh thng khng gy thit hi ng k v ngi v ca.b. Nm trong phm vi bo v ca cc cng trnh cao hn xung quanh.

iu 3.10 Nhit k thut3.10.1 Chng nng, chng lnh

1. i vi cc cng trnh xy dng pha Nam, thuc min kh hu B theo bn phn vng kh huca tiu chun "TCVN 4088-85 S liu kh hu dng trong thit k xy dng" (xem QCXD tp 3ph lc 2.1), cn thit k cc kt cu ngn che theo yu cu chng nng.2. i vi cc cng trnh xy dng pha Bc, thuc min kh hu A cn c thit k theo c 2 yucu chng nng ma h v chng lnh ma ng.3. min ni cao (trn 1.000m so vi mt bin) ch cn thit k theo yu cu chng lnh.


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3.10.2 Che nng1. Cc cng trnh c yu cu chng nng u phi c kt cu che nng cho mi loi ca v hn chti a s lng ca m v hng ty.2. Kt cu che nng cn c tnh ton vo cc thng nng, tia nng khng chiu trc tip vophng t 9h n 16h30.

3.10.3 Che ma htPhi thit k che ma ht vo cc ca v cc trng. Thit k kt cu che ma ht phi da trn:lng ma, gc ma ri, tc , tn sut v hng gi thnh hnh trong ma ma, hng m cc ca

v cc trng.

iu 3.11 Phng chng cc sinh vt gy hi3.11.1. Cc cng trnh s dng vt liu xy dng c ngun gc thc vt hoc cng trnh c dng snxut, lu tr hng ho c thnh phn si xenluylo u phi x l k thut phng chng cc sinh vt gy hinh: mi, mt, nm.3.11.2 Cng trnh xy dng di nc mn phi c chng h.3.11.3 Cc ho cht bo qun v phng php bo qun phi khng gy nhim mi trng, m bo ccquy nh ca tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng.3.11.4 Cm nhp khu v s dng cc vt liu xy dng c mang theo cc sinh vt gy hi.3.11.5 Cc bin php chng mi, mt cho nh v cng trnh c quy nh chng

iu 3.12 Chng n, rung3.12.1 Phi m bo chng n, rung trong sut thi gian s dng cng trnh. Mc n ti a cho php trongkhu dn c c quy nh chng 4.3.12.2 Chng n cho cc ngi nh c quy nh chng 10.

iu 3.13 V sinh, tin nghi3.13.1 Cc cng trnh phi c thit k m bo cc yu cu v v sinh, tin nghi cho ngi s dng theod kin, k c ngi tn tt.3.13.2 Cc yu cu v v sinh, tin nghi c quy nh cc chng 10, 12 v 13.


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Chng IV

QUY NH CHUNG V QUY HOCH XY DNGMc tiu ca chng ny nhm m bo cc d n quy hoch xy dng tun th cc quy nh v s dngt, bo v cc cng trnh xy dng, bo v mi trng.

iu 4.1 Phm vi p dng4.1.1 Nhng quy nh trong phn II "Quy hoch xy dng" l cn c lp v xt duyt cc d n quyhoch xy dng th v khu dn c nng thn.

4.1.2 D n quy hoch xy dng th v khu dn c nng thn c duyt l cn c php l gii thiua im, cp chng ch quy hoch v cp giy php xy dng.

4.1.3 i vi cc khu vc cha c d n quy hoch xy dng c duyt, phi da vo nhng quy nhca phn ny lm c s cho vic qun l xy dng, cp chng ch quy hoch v cp giy php xy

iu 4.2 Gii thch t ngTrong quy chun ny, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau:4.2.1 Quy hoch xy dngQuy hoch xy dng l vic t chc khng gian kin trc v b tr cc cng trnh trn mt khu vc lnh thtrong tng thi k, lm c s php l cho vic chun b u t xy dng, qun l xy dng v pht trinkinh t - x hi.

4.2.2 th th l im dn c tp trung, c vai tr thc y s pht trin kinh t, x hi ca mt vng lnh th, cc s h tng th thch hp v dn c ni th khng di 4.000 ngi (i vi min ni l 2.000 ngi)vi t l lao ng phi nng nghip trn 60%. th bao gm: thnh ph, th x, th trn.

4.2.3 t th1. t th l t ni thnh ph, ni th x, th trn2.t ngoi thnh, ngoi th c quy hoch c c quan Nh nc c thm quyn ph duyt pht trin th th cng c qun l nh t th.

4.2.4 C s h tng thC s h tng th bao gm:

1. C s h tng k thut, gm:a. H thng giao thng;b. H thng thng tin lin lc;c. H thng cung cp nng lng: in, cht t, nhit si m;d. H thng chiu sng cng cng;e. H thng cp nc, h thng thot nc;e. H thng qun l cc cht thi, m bo v sinh mi trng

2. C s h tng x hi, gm:a. Nh ;b. Cc cng trnh phc v: cng trnh y t, vn ho, gio dc, th dc th thao, thng nghip,dch v cng cng;c. Cy xanh, cng vin, mt nc.

4.2.5 Chng ch quy hochChng ch quy hoch l vn bn quy nh nhng yu cu phi tun th khi lp d n u t, thit k, xydng cng trnh.

Ghi ch:

Trong chng ch quy hoch c:


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Chng VQUY HOCH XY DNG TH

Mc tiu ca chng ny nhm m bo cng tc quy hoch xy dng th t hiu qu cao v mi mt:1. To lp mi trng sng an ton, v sinh v tin nghi cho con ngi trong vic t chc khng gian, ph ttrin c s h tng th:2. S dng hp l vn, t ai v ti nguyn khc:3. p ng yu cu, xy dng trong c c giai on, yu cu ph t trin th theo hng cng nghip ho,

hin i ho v gi gn bn sc vn ho dn tc.

iu 5.1 D n quy hoch xy dng th5.1.1 Tt c cc th u phi c d n quy hoch xy dng c cp c thm quyn ph duyt, lmcn c cho vic ci to v xy dng th.5.1.2 Vic lp cc d n quy hoch xy dng th phi theo quy nh ca b xy dng.

Ghi ch:

1) th xp hng theo quyt nh ca Chnh ph, thnh 5 loi. Tiu chun phn loi, th c quynh trong quyt nh s 132-HBT, ngy 5/5/1990 ca Hi ng B Trng (nay Chnh ph)2) Quy hoch xy dng th gm:

a) Quy hoch chung: l quy hoch cho ton b lnh th ca mt th.b) Quy hoch chi tit: l quy hoch cho tng phn lnh th hoc tng chc nng th c phnnh t quy hoch chung.

3) Quy nh hin hnh v lp cc n quy hoch l Quy nh v vic lp cc n quy hoch xy dng th, ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 322-BXD/T ngy 28/12/1993 ca B trng B Xy dng.

iu 5.2 Quy hoch chung xy dng th5.2.1 Ni dung quy hoch xy dng th bao gm:

1. nh hng pht trin th trong giai on 15-20 nm ti, v: khng gian, c s h tng, bo vmi trng:2. Quy hoch xy dng t u trong 5-10 nm:3. Xc lp cc c s lp quy hoch chi tit:2. Son tho iu l qun l xy dng th theo quy hoch

5.2.2 Yu cu i vi quy hoch chung xy dng th.Quy hoch chung xy dng th phi:

1. t c cc yu cu chung i vi quy hoch xy dng, quy nh ti iu 4.3 ca QCXD ny:2. nh gi ng cc iu kin t nhin, hin trng v tim lc kinh t ca th, xc nh tnh cht th, qui m dn s, iu kin t ai, cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ch yu ci to v pht trin;3. nh hng pht trin khng gian, c s h tng vi vi m bo cc yu cu sau:

a. S dng hp l t ai, ti nguyn:b. Bo v mi trng, m bo pht trin bn vng, phng thin tai, s c cng ngh c thxy ra:

c. Bo tn di tch lch s vn ho, cnh quan thin nhin:d. m bo an ninh quc phng:4. Xc lp c cc cn c php l qun l xy dng th, lp quy hoch chi tit v cc d nu t xy dng.

iu 5.3 Quy hoch chi tit xy dng th5.3.1 quy hoch chi tit c duyt l c s php l qun l cc cng trnh xy dng: Gii thiu aim, cp chng ch quy hoch, giao t hoc cho thu t, cp giy php xy dng.

5.3.2 Ni dung quy hoch chi titQuy hoch chi tit c th ho quy hoch chung xy dng th cho cc khu vc cn ci to, xy dngtrc mt, bao gm:


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iu 5.12 Quy hoch khu cng nghip v kho tng th5.12.1 Khu cng nghip th1. Cc nh my phi c b tr tp trung thnh cc khu, cm cng nghip v m bo hp l trong t chcsn xut, b tr bn bi, kho tng, s dng cc h thng y thut h tng v bo v mi trng.2. Quy hoch xy dng, ci to, m rng cc khu, cm cng nghip phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

a. Bo v mi trng:i) Phi m bo tun th cc tiu chn bo v mi trng, quy nh trong cc iu 4.16, 4.17,ii) V tr cc x nghip cng nghip phi m bo hn ch n mc thp nht nhng nh hngxu ti mi trng sng ca khu dn dng, nh quy nh mc 5.12.1.3 v 5.11.1.4 di y.

b) T chc sn sut c thun tin v hp l. Gia cc nh my thc hin c hp tc nh my thchin c hp tc v h tr trong hot ng cng ngh, cung cp nguyn liu, x l cht thi, s dngcc h thng k thut h tng,c) B tr cc cng trnh ph hp vi iu kin a hnh, a cht cnh quan v to c v p cngnghip, hi ho vi cc qun th kin trc khc trong th. Gia cc cng trnh phi m bo khongcch an ton chy, quy nh iu 4.12.d) B tr cc mng li k thut h tng v cy xanh.e) S dng hp l t ai v d phng t m rng cc nh my, khu, cm cng nghip.

3. V tr cc x nghip cng nghipV tr cc x nghip phi m bo khng gy nh hng xu ti mc tiu sng ca khu dn c, c th:

a) Nhng x nghip c thi cht c hi, gy nhim mi trng phi cui hng gi chnh, cui

cc dng sng, sui so vi khu dn c.b) Tu theo tc ng c hi ti mi trng v khi lng vn ti ra vo nh my m b tr xa haygn cc khu dn c nh sau:

i) ngoi phm vi th: cc x nghip dng cc cht phng x mnh hoc d gy chy n; ccbi ph liu cng nhip c quy m ln hoc cha cc ph liu nguy him.ii) xa khu dn dng: cc x nghip c hi cp 1 v 2 (theo phn loi x nghip nh ph l 4.8).iii) c php b tr ngay trong khu dn c: c c x nghip nh, khi lngvn chuyn vo ra t,khong thi cc cht c hi, khng gy n.

4. Di cch ly v sinha. Gia cc cng trnh cng nhip v khu dn c phi c di cch ly v sinh.b. Chiu rng di cch ly c xc nh theo mc nh hng ti khu dn c, do cc yu t: tnhcht c hi ca cc cht thi (sau x l), hng gi, hng dng chy nhng phi m bo khonhcch ti thiu quy nh iu 4.11.c. Trong di cch ly v sinh, ti thiu 40% din tch t phi c trng cy xanh v khng qu 30%din tch t c th c s dng b tr trm cu ha, bi xe t, kho (tr kho cha thc phm), cs dch v.

5. Bi ph liu, ph phma. Bi ph liu, ph phm cng nhip phi c ro chn v khng lm nh hng xu ti iu kinv sinh ca x nghip xunh quanh v khng lm nhim bn mi trng (khng lm bn ngun nncmt nc ngm, khng kh, t ai).b. Bi cha cc ph liu nguy him (d gy chy, n, dch bnh ) phi t xa khu dn c, phi cbin php x l cc cht c hi v ngn khng cho ngi qua li.

5.12.2 Khu kho tng th1. Quy hoch cc khu kho tng th phi m bo cc yu cu sau:a. T chc hp l mng li kho tng vi 3 loi kho:

i) Kho bn l, phc v cc yu cu sinh hot hng ngy: c b tr trong khu ii) Kho phn phi v bn bun: phi b tr ven ni, ngoi khu .iii) Kho d tr quc gia, kho trung chuyn, kho cha cc cht c hi, d chy n: phi b trthnh khu ring ngoi thnh.

b. V tr cc kho phi:i) Cao ro, khng b ngp lt v gn ni phn phi, tiu th ;ii) Thut tin giao thng, vn chuyn ;iii) m bo khong cch ly v sinh i vi khu dn dng nh quy nh iu 4.11 v khongcch an ton chy nh quy nh iu 4.12.


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Chng VIQuy hoch xy dng khu dn c nng thn

Mc tiu ca chng ny nhm m bo vic ci to, pht trin cc khu dn c nng thn t hiu qunhiu mt, cho trc mt cng nh lu di:

a) To lp c mi trng sng tt cho cng nghip ngi, gim thiu tc ng xu ti mi trngdo cc hot ng sn xut dch v ;b) S dng hp l t ai, ti nguyn, sc lao ng;

c) p ng yu cu pht trin sn sut (nng lm ng nghip, tiu th cng nghip) v dch v theoquy hoch ph t trin kinh t ca a phng, n nh, nng cao i sng nng dn, gim bt s di dnt pht ra th.

iu 6.1 Phm vi p dng6.1.1 Nhng quy nh trong chng ny hng dn chung cho vic lp quy hoch khu dn c nng thn.Nhm ph hp vi c im ring ca cc vng nng thn khc nhau, cn da trn quy chun ny nghin cu cc quy nh b sung cho tng vng, nh:

1. Vng ng bng Bc B v ng bng Trung Bc B;2. Vng ng bng sng Cu Long;3. Vng trung du Bc B;4. Vng Ty Nguyn ;5. Vng cao v min ni;6. Vung ven bin v hi o.

6.1.2 Quy hoch xy dng khu dn c nng thn c lp cho thi hn 15 nmcho lnh th thuc a giihnh chnhca mt x (trong mt s trng hp c th l lin x).

6.1.3 Quy hoch xy dng khu dn c nng thn c duyt l c s qun l t ai, trin khai cc dn u t, xy dng cc cng trnh.

iu 6.2 Ni dung quy hoch xy dng khu dn c nng thnNi dung quy hoch xy dng khu dn c nng thn gm:

1. Xc nh mi quan h gia x c quy hoch vi cc khu vc xung quanh trong phm vi huynv: pht trin kinh t, th trng, giao thng, thng tin lin lc, cp in cp nc;2. Kho st nh gi tng hp c c yu t: t nhin, kinh t, x hi, dn c, lao ng k thut, s dngt ai, cnh quan v mi trng;3. Xc ng v tim nng v th mnh kinh t lm tin cho pht trin khu dn c:4. D bo dn s v yu cu xy dng cc loi cng trnh ;5. Lp s nh hng pht trin khng gian kin trc, h tng k thut v quy hoch s dng t6. Lp mt bng s dng t ai v phn chia l t cho cc khu vc xy dng t u, xc nh chgii ng , ch gii xy dng ;7. Xc nh a im xy dng cc cng trnh quan trng ;8. Quy hoch pht trin cc cng trnh k thut h tng ;

9. Son tho iu l qun l xy dng.iu 6.3 t xy dng khu dn c6.3.1 t xy dng v m rng cc khu dn c x phi:

1. Khng nm trong cc khu vc di y:a. Mi trng b nhim do cc cht thi cng nghip hoc khng m bo v sinh, d pht sinhdch bnh ;b. C kh hu xu nh sn i pha Ty, ni gi qun, gi xoy ;c. C ti nguyn cn khai thc hoc trong khu vc kho c ;d. Nm trong khu vc cm xy dng nh: phm vi bo v cc cng trnh k thut h tng, khubo v di tch lch s, vn ho, thng cnh, khu bo v cng trnh quc phng (quy nh chng 4) ;


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Chng 7Quy nh v kin trc th

Chng ny quy nh nhng yu cu v kin trc i vi cc cng trnh xy dng trong th, nhm:1. m bo cc cng trnh trong th u phi xy dng theo quy hoch c duyt.2. Vic xy dng cc cng trnh trong th phi to lp v bo v c nng thn sng v cnh quan th, gm:

a) m bo c cc khong lu khng trn ng ph.

b) Bo v c mi trng, trt t, m quan th cng nh cc di tch lch s, vn ho; gi gn bnsc vn ho dn tc kt hp hin di ho cng nghip ho.c) Khng lm nh hng xu ti dn c v cng trnh xunh quanh.d) Bo v c cc cng trnh h tng k thut th.e) Pht trin c bn sc ring ca mi th.

iu 7.1 Phm vi p dng7.1.1 Nhng quy nh trong chng ny l cn c cho vic lp quy hoch chi tit v song tho "iu lqun l xy dng" ca khu vc c quy hoch.

7.1.2 i vi nhng ku vc cha c cc n quy hoch chi tit c duyt, U ban nhn dn ccTnh,Thnh ph trc thuc trung ung phi cn c vo QCXD ny ban hnh nhng vn bn hung dnqun l xy dng cho ph hp vi thc t a phng.

Ghi ch:

a) Quy chun xy dng ch quy nh nhng vn lin quan n k thut xy dng cng trnh. Nhng vn thuc v qun l hot ng th (nh gi trt t, an ton giao thng, bo v cy xanh, chng n,rung,) c quy nh trong cc vn bn php l lin quan.b) Chng ny quy nh nhng yu cu v quy hoch, kin trc th. Nhng yu cu khc i vi cngtrnh (kt cu, phng chng chy, v sinh, an ton ) c quy nh phn III ca Quy chun ny.c) Nhng quy nh i vi cc cng trnh k thut th c nu chng 5.

iu 7.2 Yu cu chung i vi cc cng trnh trong th

7.2.1 Mi cng trnh trong th uphi c qun l theo quy hoch1. Vic xy dng mi cng trnh trong th phi theo quy hoch c duyt v phi xin php xydng theo quy nh.2. Cc cng trnh phi c thit k, xy dng ph hp vi quy hoch duytv cc quy nh nu trong chng ch quy hoch v giy php c cp.3. Vic ph d cng trnh phi c giy php ph d, tr nhng trng hp c min giy php.

7.2.2 Yu cu k thut i vi l t v cng trnh c xy dng1. L t xy dng cng trnhL t khi xin php xy dng cng trnh phi m bo cc yu cu k thut. quy nh iu 7.3.2. Mi cng trnh ch c xy dng bn trong ranh gii l t c quyn s dng.

i vi mt gip ph ca l t, ngi nh phi xy dng bn trong ch gii xy dng, tr mt s bphn cng trnh c php vt qu ch gii theo quy nh ti cc iu 7.4 v 7.5 ca QCXD3 . Mi cng trnh phi c thit k, thi cng ph hp vi cc yu cu v quy hoch kin trc cakhu vc, quy nh mc 7.2.1 v c c yu cu kim tra cng trnh, quy nh trong phn III ca QCXD

iu 7.3 Yu cu k thut i vi l t xy dngV mt k thut, l t c s dng xy dng cng trnh phi m bo cc yu cu di y:7.3.1 a im xy dngL t xy dng phi:1. Khng nm trong khu vc b cm xy dng nh: khu vc bo v cc di tch , thng cnh, bo v cccng trnh k thut h tng, bo v v sinh ngun nc, quy nh chng 5


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H ni, ngy 25 thng 9

Quyt nh ca B trng b xy dngV vic ban hnh quy chun xy dng tp II v tp III

B trng b xy dng

- Cn c Ngh nh s 15/ CP ngy 4/3/1994 ca Chnh ph quy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn vc cu t chc ca B Xy dng;- Cn c Ngh nh s 42/ chnh ph ngy 16 thng 7 nm 1996 ca Chnh ph ban hnh iu l qun lu t v xy dng v Ngh nh s 92/ CP ngy 23/8/ 1997 ca Chnh ph v vic sa i b sung mt siu ca iu l qun l u t v xy dng ban hnh km theo Ngh nh s 42/ chnh ph ngy16/7/1996 ca Chnh ph;- Xt nhu cu v qun l Quy hoch v Xy dng, theo ngh ca V trng V Chnh sch Xy dng,V trng V Khoa hc Cng ngh, Cc trng Cc Gim nh Nh nc v cht lng cng trnh xydng, V trng v qun l Kin trc v Quy hoch, Vin trng Vin nghin cu Kin trc;

quyt nh

iu 1: Ban hnh km theo quyt nh ny Quy chun Xy dng tp II v tp III.iu 2: quyt nh ny c hiu lc t ngy 1/11/1997 v p dng trong phm vi c nc.iu 3: Cc B, c quan ngang B, c quan trc thuc Chnh ph, U ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trcthuc Trung ng c tr ch nhim t chc thi hnh quyt nh ny.

B trng B xy dng

Ng Xun Lc


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( k)

Chng 8Quy nh chung v cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip

Mc tiu

Cc quy nh trong chng ny nhm m bo cho cc cng trnh xy dng dn dng, cng nghip t ccyu cu nu ti iu 1.4, chng 1 ca Quy chun xy dng Vit Nam.

iu 8.1. Phm vi p dngPhn III ca QCXD quy nh nhng yu cu k thut ti thiu, buc phi tun th khi thit k v xydng cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip, trong mi trng hp xy dng mi cng nh ci to, m

iu 8.2. Gii thch t ngTrong phn III ca QCXD ny, cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau:1) Bc chu la ca cng trnhl mc chu la ca cng trnh, c xc nh bng gii hn chu la ca cc kt cu xy dng chnh.2) Chiu sng s cl chiu sng bng ngun in d phng, khi xy ra s c cng trnh b ngng cung cp in.3) Cng trnh dn dng, cng nghipbao gm cc th loi cng trnh nh , cng trnh cng cng v cng trnh cng nghip, theo quy nh chitit ph lc 8.1.4) Cng trnh dn dng c bit quan trngl nhng cng trnh c ngha c bit v vn ho, lch s, kinh t, x hi, quc phng, ngoi giao,...theoquyt nh ca Chnh ph.

5) Din tch sn ca mt tngl din tch mt bng xy dng ca tng , gm c tng bao (hoc phn tng chung thuc v cngtrnh) v din tch mt bng ca lgia, ban cng, hp k thut, ng khi.6) Din tch s dngl tng din tch (i vi nh ) hoc din tch lm vic (i vi cng trnh cng cng) v din tch phc(xem quy nh v cc din tch , lm vic v phc v ti ph lc 8.2)7) ng dy dn in t knl ng dy dn in t ngm trong cc phn t ca kt cu cng trnh (nh t trong tng, sn).8) ng dn in t hl ng dn in t l ra ngoi mt cc phn t ca kt cu cng trnh (nh t l ra trn mt tng, trnnh, hoc trn gin, mng).9) H thng cha chy t ng (cn gi l sprinkle)l h thng cha chy vi u phun kn lun ch thng trc, v c m ra khi nhit mi trngt ti tr s quy nh cha chy cc b trn mt din tch nht nh.10) Trang b in trong cng trnhbao gm ton b:

a) cc ng dy in, vb) cc thit b u ni vo ng dy: cc thit b dng in, thit b bo v, o lng t im u voti h tiu th in.

11) Khoang chyl phn khng gian ca cng trnh c ngn cch vi cc phn khng gian khc bng kt cu ngn chy,c thi hn chu la thch hp v mi l m trn u c bo v tng ng.12) Ni an ton


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l khu vc k cn vi cng trnh, t mi ngi c th phn tn an ton, sau khi thot khi nh hngca la hoc nguy him khc.13) Phng trc chng chy ca cng trnhl ni m t c th theo di, iu khin cc hot ng chng chy, cu h i vi cng trnh.14) Snh thng tngl khng gian bn trong mt ngi nh thng trc tip vi 2 hoc nhiu tng nh, pha trn nh c baokn phn ln hoc hon ton bng sn, mi, gm c mi b phn khc ca ngi nh, lin k vi snh vkhng b ngn cch bng kt cu bao che (nhng khng bao gm ging thang bc, ging thang dc, khnggian bn trong ging).

15) Thot nnl vic s tn ngi theo cc li thot t vng nguy him ti ni an ton.16) Ti chyl nhit lng n v tnh bng Kj/m2 (kilojun trn 1 m2 sn), sinh ra khi cc b phn kt cu, c, snphm cha trong nh b chy.17) Ti trng c bitl ti trng xy ra trong cc trng hp c bit nh: ng t, n.18) Ti trng tm thi (cn gi l hot ti)l cc ti trng ch tn ti trong mt giai on no trong qu trnh xy dng v s dng cng trnh.19) Ti trng thng xuyn (cn gi l tnh ti)l cc ti trng khng bin i trong qu trnh xy dng v s dng cng trnh.

20) Thi hn chu la ca vt liu, kt cul khong thi gian t khi bt u th nghim tnh chu la ca vt liu, kt cu (theo mt ch nhit v titrng tiu chun) cho ti khi xut hin mt trong cc hin tng di y:

a) C vt nt rn hoc l hng, qua sn phm chy (la, khi, kh c) c th lt qua.b) Nhit trn b mt mu th, pha khng b ngn la trc tip nung nng tng qu gii hn chocho php nh sau:

i) Nhit trung bnh trn b mt tng qu 1400C so vi trc khi th hoc,ii) Nhit ti mt im bt k trn b mt tng qu 180 C so vi trc khi th, hoc t trn220 C

c) Kt cu mt kh nng chu lc, v.21) Tin nghil cc yu t ca cng trnh k c trang thit b nhm m bo cho sc kho, v sinh mi trng v hotng ca con ngi.22) Tui thl thi gian tn ti ca mt i tng kt cu (cng trnh hoc b phn cng trnh), t khi a vo s dngcho ti khi t trng thi gii hn.23) Trng thi gii hnl trng thi m t tr i kt cu cng trnh khng cn kh nng tho mn yu cu t ra cho n.

iu 8.3. Yu cu i vi cng trnh dn dng, cng nghipCc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip phi c m bo cc yu cu di y:

8.3.1. Yu cu v quy hoch, kin trc

Bao gm cc yu cu v quy hoch, kin trc, bo v mi trng nu cc chng 3, 4, 7 v 9 v cc quynh c lin quan v phng chng chy, v sinh, an ton, tit kim nng lng ti cc chng 11, 12 v ccmc 8.3.5 v 8.3.6 ca chng 8.

8.3.2. Yu cu i vi kt cu xy dngBao gm cc yu cu quy nh chng 3 v chng 10.

8.3.3. Yu cu v phng chng chyBao gm cc yu cu v:

1) khong cch ly phng chng chy, quy nh ti iu 4.12, chng 4;2) cp nc v giao thng cha chy, quy nh ti iu 5.16, chng 5;3) phng chng chy bn trong cng trnh, quy nh chng 11 v iu 14.13 ca chng 14.


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8.3.4. Yu cu v tin nghi, an tonBao gm cc yu cu v: thng gi, chiu sng, li i, bin bo, chng n, che nng, chng thm, chngst, chng ri ng, chng nhim c do vt liu xy dng, chng sinh vt gy bnh, trang thit b v sinh,cp thot nc v an ton v in, quy nh chng 3, chng 12, chng 13 v chng 14.

8.3.5. Yu cu v ng i v tin nghi cho ngi tn tt1) Nhng cng trnh di y phi c m bo ng i v tin nghi sinh hot cho ngi tn tt:

a) Khch sn quc t, ga hng khng quc t;

b) Trng hc, nh an dng, c s khm cha bnh dnh cho ngi gi v ngi tn tt.2) Nhng cng trnh di y phi c m bo ng i cho ngi i trn xe ln: tr s hnh chnh quantrng, th vin, bo tng, cung vn ho, nh h t, cng vin.3) ng i cho ngi tn tt phi lin tc v ph hp vi tiu chun v ng i cho tng loi ngikhuyt tt.

8.3.6. Yu cu v s dng nng lng t hiu sut caoThit k cc cng trnh phi m bo yu cu s dng nng lng t hiu sut cao, theo cc gii php di

1) khai thc mt thun li v hn ch mt bt li ca thin nhin, tn dng thng gi t nhin, chiusng t nhin, che nng nh quy nh iu 3.2 v 3.10 ca QCXD ny;2) s dng kt cu bao che c tnh cch nhit cao hn ch trao i nhit gia khng kh bn ngoi v

bn trong cng trnh;4) s dng cc thit b c hiu sut cao v nng lng trong chiu sng, thng gi, iu ho khngkh, un nc, si cng nh trong cng ngh sn xut v cc trang thit b cng trnh khc (nhthang my).

iu 8.4. Phn cp cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip8.4.1. Phn cp cc cng trnh dn dng1) Cc cng trnh dn dng c phn thnh 4 cp theo cht lng s dng v cht lng xy dng cngtrnh nh quy nh trong bng 8.4.1.

Bng 8.4.1 - Phn cp cc cng trnh dn dng

Ghi ch:(1) Cht lng s dng ca nh c quy nh mc 8.4.1.2.(2) Bc chu la c quy nh ti bng 11.4.1, chng 11.


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2) Cht lng s dng ca nh c xc nh theo dy chuyn s dng, din tch, khi tch cc phng,cht lng cc trang thit b v v sinh, cp thot nc, trang b in v mc hon thin, trang tr ningoi tht, theo quy nh bng 8.4.2.

Bng 8.4.2 - Cht lng s dng ca ngi nh


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8.3.2. Phn cp cc cng trnh cng nghipCc cng trnh cng nghip c phn cp nh sau:1) Phn cp theo cht lng s dng (khai thc) v cht lng xy dng ca cng trnh nh quy nh ti


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tiu chun TCVN 2748 - 91 Phn cp cng trnh xy dng - Nguyn tc chung.2) Phn cp theo mc c hi i vi mi trng nh quy nh ti ph lc 4.8 ca QCXD ny.3) Phn hng theo c im sn xut v mc nguy him chy, n nh quy nh ti iu 11.3.

Ph lc 8.1. Phn loi cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip

Cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip bao gm:1. Cng trnh dn dng, bao gm:

1.1. Nh , gm:a) Nh (gia nh) ring bit, gm:- bit th.- nh lin k (nh ph).- cc loi nh ring bit khc.b) Nh tp th (nh k tc x).c) Nh nhiu cn h (nh chung c).d) Khch sn, nh khch.e) Nh tr.f) Cc loi nh cho cc i tng c bit.

1.2. Cng trnh cng cng, bao gm:a) Cng trnh vn ho:- Th vin;- Bo tng, nh trin lm;- Nh vn ho, cu lc b;- Nh biu din, nh ht, rp chiu bng, rp xic;- i pht thanh, i truyn hnh;- Vn th, vn thc vt, cng vin vn ho - ngh ngi.

b) Cng trnh gio dc:- Nh tr;- Trng mu gio;- Trng ph thng cc cp;- Trng i hc v cao ng;- Trng trung hc chuyn nghip;- Trng dy ngh, trng cng nhn k thut- Trng nghip v- Cc loi trng khc.

c) Cng trnh y t:- Trm y t;- Bnh vin a khoa, bnh vin chuyn khoa t trung ng n a phng;- Cc phng khm a khoa, khm chuyn khoa khu vc;- Nh h sinh- Nh iu dng, nh ngh, nh dng lo;

- Cc c quan y t: phng chng dch, bnh.d) Cng trnh th dc, th thao:- Cc loi sn vn ng, sn th thao, sn bng ;- Cc loi nh luyn tp th dc, th thao, nh thi u;- Cc loi b bi c v khng c mi che, khn i.

e) Cng trnh thng nghip, dch v:- Ch;- Ca hng, trung tm thng mi, siu th;- Hng n, gii kht;-Trm dch v cng cng: git l, ct tc, tm, may v, sa cha thit b, dng gia dng...

f) Nh lm vic, vn phng, tr s


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g) Cng trnh phc v an ninh cng cng:- Trm cha chy,...

h) Nh phc v thng tin lin lc: nh bu in, bu cc, nh lp t thit b thng tin.i) Nh phc v giao thng: nh ga cc loi,...j) Cc cng trnh cng cng khc (nh cng trnh tn gio).

2. Cng trnh cng nghip, bao gm:a) Nh, xng sn xut;b) Cng trnh ph tr;

c) Nh kho;d) Cng trnh k thut ph thuc.

Ph lc 8.2. Phn nh din tch trong nh , cng trnh cng cng

1. Nh 1.1. Din tch s dng

a) Din tch s dng l tng din tch v din tch phc v.b) Din tch cc phng, b phn c tnh theo kch thc thng thu tnh t b ngoi lp tr t nhngkhng tr b dy ca lp vt liu p chn tng v khng tnh din tch cc ng rc, khi, thng hi,in, nc,...t trong phng hay b phn no .

1.2. Din tch nh l tng din tch cc phng chnh dng bao gm din tch cc phng (phng n, ng, sinh hotchung, phng khch...) gm c t tng, t xy, t ln c ca m v pha trong phng , k c din tchphn di cu thang b tr trong cc phng ca cn h v c chiu cao t mt nn n mt di cuthang khng nh hn 1,60m.

1.3. Din tch phc vL tng din tch cc phng hoc b phn di y:

a) Kho, bp, phng tm, ra, git, x, tiu, k c li i bn trong cc phng i vi nh thit k khuv sinh tp trung;b) Hnh lang, li i ca cn h hoc cc phng ;c) Tin snh, phng m ca khu bp hay khu tm ra, git, x, tiu tp trung;d) Mt na din tch lgia, mt na din tch ban cng;e) Cc t xy, t ln ca cn h c ca m v pha trong cc b phn hay phng ph.

2. Cng trnh cng cng2.1. Din tch s dng

a) Din tch s dng l tng din tch lm vic v din tch phc v.b) Din tch cc gian phng, cc b phn u tnh theo quy nh mc 1.1.b ca ph lc ny.

2.2. Din tch lm vicL tng din tch cc phng lm vic chnh v cc phng lm vic ph tr (ngoi tr din tch bung thang,

hnh lang, bung m, v cc phng k thut).

2.3. Din tch phc vBao gm cc din tch phc v nh bung thang, hnh lang, bung m, cc phng k thut.

Ghi ch:(1) Nhng din tch di y c tnh vo din tch lm vic:

(a) Din tch hnh lang kt hp phng hc trong trng hc, kt hp lm ch i, ngi chi trongbnh vin, nh an dng, nh h t, rp chiu bng, cu lc b...(b) Din tch cc phng pht thanh, qun l, phng bng in, tng i, phng ph ca sn khu, chtch on, phng k thut my chiu phim,...


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(2) Cc phng k thut l cc phng t thit b k thut nh phng ni hi, phng t my bm, my binth, thit b thng gi, iu ho khng kh, phng thit b thang my ch ngi, ch hng ho.

Ph lc 8.3. Cc h s khi, h s mt bng ca nh

1. H s mt bng KL t s gia din tch trn din tch xy dng hoc gia din tch ca cn h trn din tch sn cn h

2. H s mt bng K1L t s gia din tch trn din tch s dng ca ngi nh hoc cn h

3. H s khi K2L t s gia khi tch xy dng ca ngi nh (cn h) trn din tch .


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Chng 9

thit k kin trc

Mc tiuCc quy nh trong chng ny nhm m bo cho cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip c c giiphp kin trc hp l.

iu 9.1. Gii php kin trc

9.1.1. Yu cu i vi gii php kin trcGii php kin trc cho cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip phi m bo nhng yu cu sau:

1) Yu cu v quy hochV tr xy dng v gii php kin trc ca cng trnh phi ph hp vi quy hoch chung ca th,quy hoch chi tit ca tng khu vc v tun th nhng quy nh v quy hoch xy dng, nu trongcc chng 4, chng 5, chng 6 v chng 7 ca QCXD ny.2) Yu cu v chc nng s dngGii php kin trc cng trnh phi tho mn cc yu cu v chc nng s dng, v t chc khnggian bn trong, bn ngoi v v cng ngh xy dng, trang thit b k thut.

a) i vi nh , gii php kin trc phi m bo s lin h thun tin gia cc phng , phngn, phng tip khch, v cc phng phc v (bp, v sinh, kho) ng thi m bo khai thc ttcc iu kin thin nhin thun li (thng gi, chiu sng...) cho cc phng chnh.b) i vi cng trnh cng cng gii php kin trc phi ph hp vi tng loi chc nng (vnho, gio dc, y t,...), ph hp vi quy m phc v (n v , khu , ton th) v m bothun tin cho s dng, qun l.c) i vi cng trnh cng nghip, gii php kin trc phi m bo thun tin cho t chc snxut v dy chuyn cng ngh, mi quan h hp l gia cc phn xng, cc nh (xng) snxut chnh v cc nh (xng) sn xut ph cng nh cc cng trnh k thut v cng trnh phtr, s dng hp l cc h thng thit b k thut v h tng c s ca khu cng nghip.

3) Yu cu v mi trng v cnh quan.Gii php kin trc cng trnh phi:

a) Gii quyt tt mi quan h gia cng trnh vi mi trng v cnh quan, tun th cc quy nhv bo v mi trng, bo v cc danh lam thng cnh v di tch lch s, vn ha nu trong

chng 4 ca QCXD ny.b) khai thc tt c im ca a hnh thin nhin, tn dng cc yu t cy xanh v mt nc nng cao cht lng thm m.c) ph hp vi cc c im kh hu a phng.

4) Yu cu v kinh t - x hi.Trn c s m bo cc yu cu v chc nng s dng, ph hp vi iu kin kinh t, k thut vphong tc tp qun a phng, gii php kin trc phi m bo cc yu cu v thm m, gi cbn sc vn ha a phng v bn sc ca nn vn ho dn tc ni chung.

9.1.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuCc gii php kin trc ph hp vi cc quy nh v tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu:

1) Nh hoc qun th nh c thit k theo cc cp ph hp vi iu 5.7 Quy hoch khu caQCXD ny v tiu chun TCVN 4451 - 87 Nh - Nguyn tc c bn thit k.2) Cng trnh cng cng c thit k ph hp vi iu 5.8 Quy hoch cc cng trnh cng cngca QCXD ny v tiu chun 20 TCN 13 - 91 Phn cp nh v cng trnh dn dng - Nguyn tc3) Cc cng trnh dn dng c th c kt hp nhiu chc nng ( v dch v cng cng, v snxut, hoc cc chc nng cng cng khc nhau...) vo trong mt cng trnh v mi thnh phn chcnng c thit k ph hp vi cc quy nh ca th loi cng trnh .4) Cc cng trnh cng nghip c thit k ph hp vi iu 5.2 Quy hoch khu cng nghip vkho tng th ca QCXD ny v ph hp vi cp cng trnh quy nh trong TCVN 2748 - 91Phn cp cng trnh xy dng - Nguyn tc chung, tu theo mc u t v yu cu v cht lngxy dng.


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Ghi ch:Danh mc cc tiu chun ca VN v thit k cc cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip c nu ph lc 9.1.

iu 9.2. Gii php kin trc i vi cng trnh dn dng c bit quan trng1) i vi cc cng trnh dn dng c bit quan trng, gii php kin trc phi m bo nhng yu cuc bit (v cht lng thm m, tnh dn tc, tnh hin i, bn vng, mc trang thit b k thut),theo quy nh ring v c c quan c thm quyn chp thun.2) Tr nhng trng hp c quy nh ring, phng n kin trc cho cc cng trnh dn dng c bitquan trng phi c tuyn chn thng qua thi tuyn cc phng n kin trc.

Ph lc 9.1. Danh mc tiu chun thit k cng trnh dn dng, cng nghip

1) Nh (gm c khch sn)TCVN 4451 - 87 Nh - Nguyn tc c bn thit kTCVN 4450 - 87 Cn h - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4391 - 86 Khch sn du lch - Xp hngTCVN 5065 - 90 Khch sn - Tiu chun thit k

2) Nh v cng trnh cng cng

TCVN 4319 - 86 Nh v cng trnh cng cng - Nguyn tc c bn thit ka) Cng trnh vn ho

TCVN 5577 - 91 Rp chiu bng - Tiu chun thit kb) Cng trnh gio dc

TCVN 3907 - 84 Nh tr - Trng mu gio - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 3978 - 84 Trng hc ph thng - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 3981 - 85 Trng i hc - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4602 - 88 Trng trung hc chuyn nghip - Tiu chun thit kTCXD 60 -74 Trng dy ngh - Tiu chun thit k

c) Cng trnh y tTCVN 4470 - 95 Bnh vin a khoa - Tiu chun thit k

d) Cng trnh th dc, th thaoTCVN 4205 - 86 Cng trnh th thao - Cc sn th thao - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4260 - 86 Cng trnh th thao - B bi - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4529 - 86 Cng trnh th thao - Nh th thao - Tiu chun thit k

e) Cng trnh thng nghipTCVN 4515 - 88 Nh n cng cng - Tiu chun thit k

f) Tr s lm vicTCVN 4601 - 88 Tr s c quan - Tiu chun thit k

3) Cng trnh cng nghipTCVN 4514 - 88 x nghip cng nghip - Tng mt bng - Tiu chun thit kTCVN 4604 - 88 x nghip cng nghip - Nh sn xut - Tiu chun thit k

TCVN 4317 - 86 Nh kho - Nguyn tc c bn thit k


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Chng 10

kt cu

Mc tiuCc quy nh trong chng ny nhm bo m cho h kt cu v b phn kt cu ca cng trnh trong qutrnh xy dng v s dng:

1) Khng b h hi, vng, nt, n mn, bin dng qu gii hn cho php lm nh hng ti vic sdng v gy nguy him n tnh mng con ngi v ti sn;

2) c bn lu (tui th) m bo vic s dng bnh thng ca ngi nh m khng cn sa chaln trong thi hn quy nh;3) khng gy nh hng bt li (ln, nt,...) n ngi nh bn cnh trong sut thi gian xy dng vs dng cng trnh.

iu 10.1. Yu cu i vi kt cu ca cng trnhKt cu ca cng trnh phi m bo an ton, s dng bnh thng trong sut thi gian thi cng v khaithc theo c c quy nh di y:

10.1.1. Kh nng chu lcKt cu phi c tnh ton ph hp vi loi cng trnh theo mi yu t tc ng ln chng bao gm:

1) T hp bt li nht ca cc ti trng, k c ti trng gy ph hoi theo thi gian;2) Cc tc ng khc, k c tc ng theo thi gian.

10.1.2. Kh nng s dng bnh thngCng trnh, b phn cng trnh, vt liu phi duy tr c vic s dng bnh thng, khng b bin dng,rung ng v suy gim cc tnh cht khc qu gii hn cho php.

10.1.3. Tui thVt liu s dng cho cng trnh phi c bn lu, m bo cho kt cu cng trnh p ng cc yu cu sdng quy nh v khng phi sa cha trc thi hn quy nh.

iu 10.2. Nguyn tc c bn thit k kt cu cng trnh.

10.2.1. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuKt cu cng trnh c thit k theo cc quy nh di y s c chp thun l t yu cu quy nh tiiu 10.1:

1) Tnh tnh ton, thit k.Kt cu cng trnh, nn mng c tnh ton theo phng php trng thi gii hn.2) Kh nng chu la ca kt cu.Kt cu sau khi tnh ton, c kim tra kh nng chu la v t cc yu cu quy nh ti iu 11.4ca QCXD ny.3) Bo v kt cu khi b n mn, mc, mt.i vi kt cu lm vic trong mi trng xm thc hoc m t phi c bin php bo v thch hp.

10.2.2.Ch dn10.2.2.1. Cc trng thi gii hnCc trng thi gii hn gm 2 nhm:1) Nhm trng thi gii hn th nht:Bao gm nhng trng thi gii hn dn n vic kt cu mt kh nng chu ti hoc mt kh nng s dng

a) kt cu b ph hoi do ti trng, tc ng;b) kt cu b mt n nh v hnh dng, v trc) kt cu b hng do mi

2) Nhm trng thi gii hn th hai:Bao gm nhng trng th i gii hn lm cho kt cu khng th duy tr vic s dng bnh thng, do vtqu cc mc cho php v:

a) bin dng: vng, gc xoay, gc trt; hoc


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b) dao ng; hocc) to thnh hoc pht trin khe nt (ch yu i vi kt cu b tng).

10.2.2.2. Tnh ton theo trng thi gii hn th nht1) tnh ton kt cu theo kh nng chu lc, c tin hnh theo iu kin: T


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3) Khng cn tnh ton kim tra theo trng thi gii hn th hai nu nh qua th nghim hoc thc t sdng ca cc kt cu tng t khng nh c: b rng khe nt mi giai on khng vt qu tr sgii hn v cng ca kt cu giai on s dng l m bo.

10.2.2.4. S , gi thit, s liu tnh ton1) S (hoc m hnh) v cc gi thit c bn trong tnh ton phi ph hp vi iu kin lm vic thc tca cng trnh v trng thi gii hn ang xt.2) S liu tnh ton

Khi tnh ton phi tnh ti:a) Cc c trng bt li nht, tng ng vi m bo nht nh, c th xy ra ca vt liu v t.b) Cc t hp ti trng, tc ng

i) Tnh ton kt cu cn tin hnh i vi mi giai on: ch to, vn chuyn, xy dng, s dngv sa cha.ii) i vi kt cu khng c bo v, phi chu trc tip bc x mt tri cn k n tc dngnhit kh hu.iii) i vi kt cu tip xc vi nc hoc nm trong nc cn phi k n p lc y ni caiv) Khi tnh ton kt cu theo kh nng chu lc, ngoi cc tc ng bnh thng ca ti trngcn cn xt n nhng trng hp ngu nhin c th lm thay i lc tc dng hoc thay i s kt cu.

Trong mt s trng hp cn cn tnh n: sai lch bt li v kch thc, iu kin thi cng,iu kin s dng v nhng iu kin lm vic c bit ca kt cu.

iu 10.3. Ti trng, tc ng10.3.1. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cu.Kt cu cng trnh c coi l t yu cu v ti trng v tc ng nu cc s liu dng thit k kt cu,nn mng ph hp vi tiu chun:* TCVN 2737 - 95 Ti trng v tc ng - Tiu chun thit k.

Ghi ch:

(1) Nhng yu cu nu trong TCVN 2737 - 95 c trch dn trong mc ch dn 10.3.2 di y.(2) Nhng ti trng di y khng c quy nh trong TCVN 2737 - 95 nu trn m theo quy nh ring:

a) Cc ti trng c gy ra do:i) giao thng ng st, ng b;ii) sng bin, dng chy;iii) ng t;iv) dng lc;v) nhit ;vi) bc xp hng ho;vii) thnh phn ng lc ca thit b sn xut v phng tin giao thng.

b) Ti trng i vi cc cng trnh c bit quan trng.c) Ti trng i vi cc cng trnh c th nh: giao thng, thu li, bu in.

10.3.2. Ch dn10.3.2.1. Cc loi ti trng v t hp ti trng1) Khi thit k nh v cng trnh phi tnh n cc ti trng sinh ra trong cc qu trnh sau:

a) xy dng cng trnh;b) s dng cng trnh;c) ch to, bo qun v vn chuyn cc kt cu.

2) Cc loi ti trngCc loi ti trng v thnh phn ca chng c nu trong ph lc 10.1.3) T hp ti trng

a) Khi chu tc dng ng thi ca 2 hay nhiu ti trng tm thi, kt cu phi c tnh ton theo cct hp bt li nht.


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b) Thnh phn cc loi ti trng trong t hp ti trng c quy nh trong ph lc 10.2 vi h s thp ti trng c quy nh trong ph lc 10.3.

10.3.2.2. Ti trng tnh tonTi trng tnh ton l tch ca ti trng tiu chun vi h s vt ti (cn gi l h s tin cy v ti

10.3.2.3. Ti trng tiu chun1) Xc nh gi tr ti trng tiu chunGi tr ti trng tiu chun c xc nh theo quy nh trong bng 10.3.1.

Bng 10.3.1. Cch xc nh gi tr ti trng tiu chun


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Ghi ch:

(1) Nhng trng hp c php gim ti trng c quy nh ph lc 10.4(2) Trng lng kt cu l trng lng ton b cc vt liu cu thnh cng trnh, gm c vt liu trang tr,hon thin.(3) Gi tr ti thiu ca ti trng tp trung thng ng trn lan can c quy nh theo bng sau:

(4) Ti trng nm ngang tc dng ln tay vn lan can cu thang, ban cng, lgia c quy nh theo bng

2) Ti trng phn b u ln sn v cu thangTi trng phn b u ln sn v cu thang dng trong tnh ton khng c nh hn tr s quy nh trongbng 10.3.2.

Bng 10.3.2. Ti trng tiu chun phn b u ln sn v cu thang


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Ghi ch:

Ti trng nu mc 14 bng 10.3.2 dng tnh cc kt cu chu lc ca ban cng lgia. Khi tnh kt

cu tng, ct, mng ban cng, lgia th ti trng trn ban cng, lgia ly bng ti trng cc phngchnh k ngay v c gim theo cc quy nh ph lc 10.4.

10.3.2.4. H s vt tiH s vt ti ca cc loi ti trng c quy nh bng 10.3.3.

Bng 10.3.3 - H s vt ti


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Ghi ch:

(1) Trng hp an ton ca kt cu b gim khi gim ti trng thng xuyn (nh n nh chng ltkhi gim trng lng ca kt cu v t) phi ly h s tin cy bng 0,9.(2) i vi kt cu thp nu ng lc do khi lng ring vt qu 0,5 ng lc chung th ly h s tin cybng 1,1.(3) Khi tnh kt cu nn mng theo cc ti trng sinh ra trong giai on xy lp, ti trng tnh ton ngnhn phi gim i 20%;(4) Khi tnh kh nng chng chy ca cc kt cu chu tc ng n, h s vt ti ly bng 1 i vi tt ccc loi ti trng.(5) Khi tnh ton cng v n nh trong iu kin tc ng va chm ca cu trc v cu treo vo gichn ng ray, h s tin cy ly bng 1 i vi tt c cc loi ti trng.

10.3.2.5. Ti trng giTi trng gi gm 2 thnh phn tnh v ng, c tnh ton nh sau:1) Thnh phn tnh

a) Gi tr tiu chun thnh phn tnh ca ti trng gi cao Z so vi mc chun c xc nh theocng thc:

2) Thnh phn nga) Khng cn tnh n thnh phn ng khi xc nh p lc mt trong ca cng trnh c xy dng a hnh dng A v B (a hnh trng tri v tng i trng tri, theo iu 6.5 ca TCVN 2737 - 95)v c c im nh sau:i) nh nhiu tng, cao di 40mii) nh cng nghip 1 tng, cao di 36m, t s cao trn nhp nh hn 1,5.b) Cch xc nh thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi c quy nh trong cc iu t 6.11 ti 6.16 catiu chun TCVN 2737 - 95 Ti trng v tc ng - Tiu chun thit k.

10.3.2.6. Ti trng ng tTheo quy nh ti iu 3.6 ca Quy chun xy dng ny.

iu 10.4. Kt cu b tng ct thp10.4.1. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuKt cu b tng ct thp ca cng trnh c coi l t yu cu nu ph hp vi quy nh v cc tiuchun ca VN di y:1) Thit k:* TCVN 5574 - 91 kt cu b tng ct thp - Tiu chun thit k

Ghi ch:

(1) TCVN 5574 91 khng p dng cho nhng loi kt cu di y:(a) kt cu lm vic trong nhng mi trng c bit nh:


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i) mi trng nhit cao: thng xuyn trn 700C, hocii) mi trng nhit thp: di m 400C, hociii) mi trng xm thc mnh i vi b tng.

(b) kt cu chuyn ngnh, c thit k theo ch dn ring(c) kt cu lm bng cc loi b tng c bit:

i) b tng c bit nng: c khi lng ring trn 2.500 kg/ m3ii) b tng c bit nh: c khi lng ring di 800 kg/ m3iii) b tng ct liu b: c ng knh di 5mmiv) b tng dng ct liu v cht kt dnh c bit nh cht do

(2) Nhng ch dn quan trng ca TCVN 5574 - 91 c trch dn mc 10.4.2 di y.

2) Chng n mn, chng thm:* TCVN 3993 - 85 Chng n mn trong xy dng - Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp - Nguyn tcc bn thit k* TCVN 5718 - 93 Mi v sn b tng ct thp trong cng trnh xy dng - Yu cu k thut chngthm nc

3) Thi cng, nghim thu* TCVN 4452 - 87 Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp lp ghp - Quy phm thi cng, nghim thu.* TCVN 4453 - 95 Kt cu b tng v b tng ct thp ton khi - Quy phm thi cng, nghim thu.* TCVN 5592 - 91 B tng nng - Yu cu bo dng m t nhin;

Ghi ch:

Danh mc cc tiu chun v vt liu, phng php th c nu ph lc 10.5.

10.4.2. Ch dn10.4.2.1. Thit k kt cu b tng ct thp (chn s kt cu, chn kch thc tit din v b tr ct thp)phi m bo c bn, n nh v cng khng gian xt trong tng th, cng nh ring tng bphn ca kt cu trong mi giai on xy dng v s dng.

10.4.2.2. Yu cu chng nt1) Yu cu chng nt ca kt cu c phn thnh ba cp ph thuc vo iu kin lm vic ca chng v

loi ct thp c dng:a) Cp I - Khng c php xut hin vt nt;b) Cp II - Cho php c vt nt ngn hn vi b rng hn ch khi kt cu chu ti trng tm thi bt linhng m bo vt nt s c khp kn li khi kt cu khng chu ti trng tm thi bt li ;c) Cp III - Cho php c vt nt vi b rng hn ch.

2) Cp chng nt v gi tr gii hn ca b rng khe nt c quy nh trong bng 10.4.1.

Bng 10.4.1. Cp chng nt v gii hn ca b rng khe nt


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Ghi ch:

(1) B rng khe nt gii hn cho trong bng ng vi tc dng ca ton b ti trng, k c di hn v ngnhn. i vi kt cu cp 3 khi ch kim tra ring vi ti trng di hn, gii hn b rng khe nt c gimi 0,05mm.

(2) nhng vng chu nh hng ca nc mn, gim b rng khe nt gii hn 0,1 mm i vi cp 3, gim0,05 mm i vi cp 2. Nu sau khi gim m b rng khe nt gii hn bng khng th nng kt cu lnthnh cp 1.(3) i vi nhng cng trnh c nin hn s dng di 20 nm cho php tng b rng khe nt gii hn ln0,05 mm.

10.4.2.3. Yu cu v bin dngCc tr s gii hn ca bin dng c quy nh bng 10.4.2.

Bng 10. 4.2. Tr s gii hn ca bin dng


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Ghi ch:

(1) L l nhp tnh ton ca dm hoc bn k ln 2 gi. i vi cc cng xon, dng L = 2L1 vi L1 l vn ca cng xon.(2) Khi thit k kt cu c vng trc th lc kim tra v vng cho php tr i vng nu khng cnhng hn ch g c bit.(3) i vi cc cu kin khc khng nu trong bng th gii hn vng c quy nh tu theo tnh chtv nhim v ca chng nhng gii hn khng c ln qu 1/ 150 nhp hoc 1/ 75 vn ca cng(4) Khi quy nh vng gii hn khng phi do yu cu v cng ngh sn xut v cu to m ch do yu

cu v thm m th tnh ton f ch ly cc ti trng tc dng di hn.

10.4.2.4. Kt cu b tng ct thp lp ghp1) Khi tnh ton kt cu b tng ct thp lp ghp chu tc dng ca ni lc sinh ra trong lc chuyn ch vcu lp, ti trng do trng lng bn thn cu kin cn nhn vi h s ng lc ly nh sau: bng 1,8 khichuyn ch, bng 1,5 khi cu lp. Trong trng hp ny khng cn k n h s vt ti cho trng lngbn thn.2) Cc kt cu na lp ghp cng nh kt cu ton khi lin hp cn tnh ton theo hai giai on lm vicsau y:

a) Trc khi b tng mi t c cng quy nh: tnh ton cc b phn lp ghp hoc cc ctcng chu tc dng ca ti trng do trng lng ca phn b tng mi v ca mi ti trng khc tc

dng trong qu trnh b tng.b) Sau khi b tng mi t c cng quy nh: tnh ton kt cu bao gm c phn lp ghphoc ct cng cng vi b tng mi , chu ti trng tc dng trong qu trnh sau ny ca vic xydng v theo ti trng khi s dng kt cu.

10.4.2.5. Khong cch gia cc khe co gin - nhit .1) Kt cu khng chu tc ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma, nngi vi h kt cu khng chu tc ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma, nng, khong cch gia cckhe co gin - nhit khng c vt qu khong c ch quy nh trong bng 10.4.3.Trng hp cn khong cch ln hn, phi xc nh khong cch khe co gin - nhit bng tnh ton.

Bng 10.4.3. Khong cch ln nht gia cc khe co gin nhit cho php khng cn tnh ton


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(i vi h kt cu, khng chu tc ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma nng)

2) Kt cu chu tc ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma nngi vi kt cu chu t c ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma nng nh: lp mt mi nh, ban cng, mtng, khong cch khe co gin nhit m phi ph hp vi tiu chun TCVN 5718 - 93: Mi v sn btng ct thp trong cng trnh xy dng - Yu cu k thut chng thm nc. (bng 10.4.4).

Bng 10.4.4. Khong cch ti a ca khe co gin nhit m, theo 2 chiu vung gc(i vi kt cu chu tc ng trc tip v thng xuyn ca ma nng)


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Chng 12Tin nghi v an ton

Mc tiuCc quy nh trong chng ny nhm:

1) Bo m iu kin, mi trng sng hp v sinh, tin nghi v an ton cho ngi s dng bn trongcng trnh.2) Bo v cng trnh v ti sn trong khi b h hi do chy n, ngp lt, ngm, thm, m, mc,...

iu 12.1. Khng gian ti thiu ca cc cn phng12.1.1. Yu cuCc cn phng thuc nh , nh cng cng phi m bo yu cu v khng gian ti thiu ph hp vichc nng ca chng, nhm tn dng thng gi v chiu sng t nhin.

12.1.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuCc cn phng phi m bo cc kch thc thng thu ti thiu, c quy nh bng 12.1.1.

Bng 12.1.1 Kch thc thng thu ti thiu ca cc cn phng


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iu 12.2. chiu sng12.1.1. Yu cuBn trong v bn ngoi cc ngi nh phi c chiu sng ph hp vi mc ch s dng cc ngi nh theocc quy nh di y.1) chiu sng t nhin

a) Cc cn phng trong nh nht l cc phng , khu v sinh cn c u tin chiu sng t nhin quacc ca s m trc tip ra khng gian trng bn ngoi.b) i vi ni lm vic, thit k chiu sng t nhin cn m bo qu na thi gian ban ngy c gi tr

ri t nhin ti thiu ph hp vi hot ng th gic, quy nh bng 12.2.1.

Bng 12.2.1. H s ri t nhin ti thiu

2) Chiu sng nhn toa) Chiu sng lm vicTrong nh c ngi s dng phi c chiu sng nhn to khi thiu hoc trong khng c chiu

sng t nhin vn m bo mi hot ng bnh thng ca con ngi.b) chiu sng s cPhi chiu sng s c trong nhng trng hp sau:

i) chiu sng khn cp: b tr dc ng thot nn nhng ni c nguy c chy n, nhim c.ii) chiu sng lin tc: thc hin nhng ni nu ngng chiu sng s gy nh hng xu nan ton, an ninh x hi, thit hi v kinh t hoc nguy hi n tnh mng con ngi (nh phngm, phng cp cu).iii) chiu sng bo v: chiu sng bn ngoi nh, dc ranh gii nh hoc khu cng trnh cn bov an ninh v ti sn.

c) Chiu sng bn ngoi cng trnh phi khng nh hng xu ti giao thng v m quan th.d) Yu cu v ri ca chiu sng nhn to c quy nh cc bng 12.2.2 v 12.2.3.

Bng 12.2.2. chiu sng nhn to bn trong nh , nh cng cng - ri ti thiu trn b mt lm vic hoc vt cn phn bit.


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Ghi ch:

(1) c im cc cp quan st nh sau:

(2) Gii thch k hiu:c im cng vic quan st Loi n chiu snga): thng xuyn (1): n hunh quangb): theo chu k (2): n nung sngc): khng lu

Bng 12.2.3. chiu sng s c v chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi nh


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12.2.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cu1) chiu sng t nhinGii php ph hp vi tiu chun v quy nh di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chiu sng t

a) Tiu chun 20 TCN 029 91 Chiu sng t nhin trong cng trnh dn dng Tiu chun thitb) Cc gii php c th nh sau:

i) Din tch ca s:Ly bng 1/5 din tch phng (i vi tng 1)

1/6 din tch phng (i vi tng 2 tr ln)ii) Chiu su ca cc phng c chiu sng ch mt pha: khng ln qu 2,5 ln chiu caoiii) Sn tri, ging tri:- Nh lin k: Nh lin k di qu 18 m cn c sn tri gia, kch thc ti thiu 2x3m.- Nh chung c: cn h u lng vo nhau cn c ging tri kch thc c quy nh trongbng 12.2.4.

Bng 12.2.4 - Kch thc ging tri nh chung c

2) chiu sng nhn toGii php ph hp vi cc tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chiu sng nhn to:

20 TCN 16 86: chiu sng nhn to trong cng trnh dn dng


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20 TCN 95 83: chiu sng nhn to bn ngoi cng trnh xy dng dn dngTCVN 3473 83: chiu sng nhn to cc nh cng nghip v cng trnh cng nghipTCVN 3257 86: chiu sng nhn to trong nh my x nghip may cng nghipTCVN 2062 86: chiu sng nhn to trong nh my x nghip dt thoi si bngTCVN 2063 - 86 : chiu sng nhn to trong nh my c khTCVN 4213 86: chiu sng nhn to trong x nghip ch bin m cao suTCVN 3258 - 86 : chiu sng nhn to nh my ng tu.

iu 12.3. Thng gi, iu khng

12.3.1. Yu cu1. yu cu chung v thng gi, iu khng

a) Cc ngi nh phi c thng gi m bo khng kh lu thng trong v ngoi nh.b) Cc hi m, mi kh chu, bi, khi, kh c hi, kh d chy,...pht sinh t bp, khu v sinh, mygit, cc thit b sn xut cng nh kh, khi pht sinh khi chy phi c thu gom, thi ra ngoi vkhi cn thit phi lm sch trc khi thi.c) Trng hp s dng thit b iu ho khng kh, phi c m bo an ton sc kho v an tonk thut. Khi lm mt, khng c nhit trong phng thp hn 25 C. Khi si m, khngc nhit trong phng cao hn 20 C.

2) Thng gi t nhin

Phi s dng ti a thng gi t nhin cho cc cn phng bn trong cng trnh.

3) Thng gi nhn to (thng gi c kh):a) Thng gi c kh c b tr nhng ni c yu cu v c th c kt hp vi iu tit khng kh.b) H thng thng gi c kh phi c thit k, lp t v bo tr sao cho:

i) Khng lm khng kh trong phng b nhim cc cht c hi, vi sinh vt gy bnh;ii) Kh thi ra ngoi khng c gy kh chu hay nguy hi cho ngi v ti sn xung quanh;iii) Khi hot ng khng gy ting n qu gii hn cho php;iv) Khng lm lu thng khi, la khi xy ra chy.

c) H thng thng gi, iu tit khng kh khng c tun hon trong trng hp mi trng khngkh c cha:

i) Cc cht c hi, nguy him;ii) Cc cht gy chy n;iii) Vi sinh vt (vi khun, siu vi trng, nm) gy bnh;iv) Nhng cht gy mi kh chu.

4) Thng gi s ca) Thng gi s c l thng gi tng cng trong trng hp xy ra s c c d kin ca qutrnh sn xut, lm pht sinh bt thng mt lng ln cht c hi hoc gy chy n.b) Lu lng thng gi s cLu lng khng kh trao i cn thit c m bo bng hot ng ng thi ca cc h thngthng gi chnh v thng gi s c c xc nh theo tnh ton v khng c thp hn 8 ln tngth tch ca phng trong 1 gi.

c) Thit b qut v v tr t ca thu gi phi ph hp vi c im ca kh c thu gom (nng haynh hn khng kh, c hay khng c kh nng gy chy n).d) Ming thi kh ra ngoi phi khng lm nh hng ti ngi bn ngoi, ti ming ly gi ca cch thng thng gi xung quanh v khng gy nguy c chy n (trnh xa ngun la, ng khi...)

12.3.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cu1) Thng gi t nhinTrong c c nh lin k, chung c, thng gi t nhin c kt hp vi chiu sng t nhin qua cc sntri, ging tri (xem 12.2.2.1).2) Thng gi nhn toGii php ph hp vi tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v thng gi nhn to:TCVN 5687 - 92 Thng gi, iu tit khng kh, si m - Tiu chun thit k.


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12.4.1. Li i12.4.1.1. Li i phi m bo:

a) An ton, thun tin cho mi ngi (k c ngi tn tt, theo quy nh) khi ra, vo nh, ln xungcc tng (k c tng mi), ra vo phng lc bnh thng cng nh khi phi s tn khn cp.Li i cho ngi tn tt c quy nh ti iu 8.3, chng 8 ca QCXD ny.b) An ton, thun tin cho xe c khi ra vo nh, quay xe, xe.c) D tmd) C kch thc rng, p ng yu cu s dng;

e) Khng c vt cn c nh, di ng nguy him cho ngi qua li;g) B mt i li khng trn trt;h) C dc, kch thc bc ln xung ph hp vi ngi s dng;i) C lan can che chn trong trng hp cn thit;k) Trnh c bc khc mc trn li i. Nu c, phi d nhn bit bng mu sc hoc s dng hnh thctam cp.

2) Li i v ch cho xe t:Li i cho xe t ra vo nh v ni xe phi:

a) C kch thc (khng gian) rng, ph hp vi yu cu s dng;b) C din tch xe ra vo, quay xe, xe;

c) C khong trng li xe quan st an ton.

3) Thang bThang b phi:

a) c b tr c trong trng hp c thang my;b) m bo cc yu cu v thot nn, quy nh ti iu 11.6, chng 11 ca QCXD ny;c) Kch thc bc ln xung, dc phi ng nht trong mt v thang;d) C chiu ngh ti nhng v tr cn thit vi din tch ph hp;e) Lan can cu thang phi:

i) Va tm viii) C kt cu chc chn, m bo yu cu theo tnh ton kt cuiii) Mt tay vn phi phng, nhn.

4) B tr thang my ng:a) Thang my ng phi c b tr trong cc ngi nh cao t 6 tng tr ln. Trong cc nh phi dkin li i cho ngi tn tt theo quy nh ti iu 8.3, thang my phi c b tr, thit k p ngyu cu s dng ca ngi tn tt.b) Thang my ch hng trong khu vc sn xut khng c b tr cng ch i vi thang my chc) Phi b tr hp l v tr t thang my v phn b hp l theo nhm hoc trong mt nhm.

5) Thang my ng, thang cun (cu thang in) phi m bo cc yu cu sau:a) Hot ng an ton, vn chuyn ngi ln xung v dng li (dng ti cc im ra vo theo yu cus dng) vi trng ti khng vt qu 1,25 ln trng ti quy nh ca thang my.

b) Tc thang khng b gim qu t ngt.c) m bo an ton v thun tin cho ngi s dng: khng b ng, bc ht, mc kt ca, khng vachm vi cc b phn chuyn ng hay vt sc nhn trong trng hp s dng bnh thng hoc btthng m c th on trc c.d) C bin ch dn v thng xuyn thng bo v tr ca thang my trong trng hp bung thang knv c trn 2 im dng.e) Chiu sng, thng gi bung thang trong c 2 trng hp bnh thng v khn cp.f) Khng xy ra va chm gia cc b phn ca thang my vi nhau cng nh gia thang my v phnxy dng ca to nh.g) C h thng m bo an ton khi thang my b ch qu ti hoc c b phn no b h hng.h) Lp t sao cho thun tin v an ton khi kim tra, th nghim v bo dng.i) Ca ging thang khng c tip st vi ging thang trnh nguy him khi c chy.


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6) Thang my s dng cho trng hp khn cp:Thang my s dng cho trng hp khn cp phi c trang b thm cc phng tin di y:

a) Gi ra ngoi nh gip ;b) Bo v hnh khch khi nguy hi ca la, khi, kh c hi.. .c) Gii thot ngi ra khi thang mt cch an ton.d) Cho php ngi c trch nhim c c quyn vn hnh v khng phi theo trnh t vn hnhthng thng (iu ny ch p dng i vi thang my c chiu cao hot ng t 15m tr ln).

12.4.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuCc gii php ph hp vi cc quy nh v tiu chun di y c chp thun l t yu cu:

1) Quy cch li i ca nh , nh cng cng nh quy nh trong bng 12.4.1.2) TCVN 5744 - 1993 Thang my - Yu cu an ton thit b khi lp t v s dng

Bn 12.4.1: Quy cch li i nh , nh cng cng


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iu 12.5. Bin bo12.5.1. Yu cu

1) nhng ni tp trung ngi phi c bin bo, ch dn nhng thng tin cn thit nh : li ra vo, lithot nn, ni c nguy c chy, n, b in git, ni cm la, khu v sinh, ni t in thoi, thit blin lc, thit b chng chy..2) Bin bo phi nhng ni d thy, d c. Ti nhng khu vc nguy him, bin bo phi v trthch hp m bo mi ngi nhn bit trc khi i vo khu vc .3) Ni dung ca bin bo phi d hiu, c trng v thng nht vi quy c quc t m bo mi

ngi u hiu nhanh chng, d dng v ng ni dung.4) Cc bin bo ng thot nn, s tn khn cp phi c chiu sng s c vi ri khng di 1

12.5.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuCc k hiu trn bin bo phi theo cc quy nh trong cc tiu chun quc t ISO v tiu chun Vit Namdi y:

* ISO 386-1984: Safety colours and safety signs Mu sc v du hiu an ton* ISO 630-1987: Fire protection - Safety sings tng ng vi* TCVN 4897-89: Phng chy - Du hiu an ton* ISO 700-1990: Public information symbols Cc k hiu thng tin cng cng

iu 12.6. Chng n12.6.1 Yu cu1) Phi m bo ting n vi khu dn c, nh v nh cng cng khng vt qu gii hn quy nh ti:a) Chng 4 ca QCXD ny;b) Trong cc tiu chun di y:* 20 TCN 126-84: Mc n cho php trong nh - Tiu chun thit k* 20 TCN 175-90: Mc n cho php trong cng trnh cng cng - Tiu chun thit k

2) chng n cn kt hp cc gii php sau:a) Gii php quy hoch: la chn v tr yn tnh, trng cy xanh;b) Bin php cch m cho ngi nh:

i) cch m cho cc kt cu ngn che: lm kn cc khe h quanh ca s, ca i..ii) cch m cho cc thit b ng ng,iii) s dng vt liu cch m, ht m chng rung khi cn thit, nhng phi m bo yu cuchng chy.

12.6.2 Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi cc tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chng n:

* 20 TCN 150 - 86 Chng n trong nh -Tiu chun quc t

iu 12.7. Chng thm12.7.1. Yu cu bo v sc kho con ngi v m bo bn lu ca cng trnh, phi chng thm cho ngi nh, bao

1) Chng thm t bn ngoi:Phi bo m:

a) Mi, tng ngoi ngi nh khng b thm, dt do nc ma gy rab) Tng, sn v cc kt cu tip xc vi t khng b nc di t thm ln.

2) Chng thm bn trong:Phi bo m:

a) Tng, sn khng b m thm nc t cc khu bp, v sinh, tm git trong ngi nh cng nh tcc nh cn h bn cnh.b) Cc khu bp, v sinh, tm git trong nh phi thng thong, c kt cu tng, sn khng thm ncv d lau chi.c) Nc trn t xut t cc thit bi v sinh phi c thot ht, khng trn hay thm sang cc

phng xung quanh.


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12.7.2. Gii php dc chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chng thm cho sn, mibng b tng ct thp:

* TVCN 5718-93 Mi v sn b tng ct thp - Yu cu k thut chng thm nc.

iu 12.8. Chng st12.8.1. Yu cuCng trnh xy dng phi c m bo yu cu v chng st, quy nh iu 3.9, chng 3 ca QCXD

12.8.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chng st:

* 20 TCN 46 84: Chng st cho cc cng trnh xy dng.

iu 12.9. Chng ri ng12.9.1. Yu cu1) Phi b tr lan can che chn ti nhng v tr sau:

a) Nhng ni con ngi c kh nng ri ng t cao trn 1m, nh: trn mi c li ln thng xuyn,ti v tr cc l thng trn tng, sn hoc ni c cao thay i t ngt.b) Nhng ni cn ngn tr nh (di 10 tui) nh: li vo b bi, b nc su hn 0,4m.

2) Lan can phi c cao ph hp (thng t 1,1m tr ln), c kt cu vng chc v m bo an ton

12.9.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v lan can chng ri ng:

* TCVN 4431 87: Lan can an ton - iu kin k thut.

iu 12.10. Phng chng nguy hi do vt liu xy dng gy ra12.10.1. Yu cu1) Trong iu kin kh quyn bnh thng, trn b mt vt liu xy dng c s dng trong cc ngi nhkhng c to thnh cc cht c hi v gy mi kh chu.2) Trong cc nh cng cng, phi c bin bo hiu i vi cc loi vt liu trong sut, d v ti nhng nic th i qua.3) Knh v vt liu d v phi:

a) bn, chu c va chm hoc;b) c bo v khi b lm v hoc;c) Khng gy nguy him do b v hoc va p.

4) Vt liu mt sn phi m bo chng trn trt.

iu 12.11. Phng chng nhim c thc phm v cc sinh vt gy hi12.11.1. Yu cu1) Ni ch bin thc phm phi m bo :

a) C bin php chng c cn trng, sinh vt gy bnh (gin, chut..) ;b) C b mt phng, nhn, khng thm nc, khng c gc cha bi bm, v d lau chi ;c) Vt liu xy dng phi khng cha c hi ;

d) Nh bp trong cc cng trnh cng cng phi c s lng ph hp cc thit b ra, un nu thc2) Phi c cc bin php chng cc sinh vt gy hi (nh: ru mc, nm, mui mt) cho ngi nh, c,sn phm hng ho cha bn trong nh.

12.11.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v chng mi mt:

* QPVN 16 79: Quy phm tm thi phng chng mi mt cho cc cngtrnh xy dng


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Chong 13H thng cp thot nc bn trong

Mc tiuCc quy nh trong chng ny nhm bo m:

1) p ng nhu cu s dng nc bn trong cng trnh cho sinh hot, sn xut, cha chy.2) Bo v con ngui khi b bnh tt, hn ch gy nhim mi trng bng cc bin php: thot ht

cc loi nc thi, x l nc thi ph hp vi tiu chun mi trng.3) Bo m an ton cho con ngui vn hnh h thng cp thot nc.

iu 13.1. Quy nh chung i vi h thng cp thot nc bn trong cng trnh13.1.1. Yu cu i vi h thng cp thot nc bn trong cng trnh1) Cng trnh phi c lp t h thng cp thot nc ph hp vi chc nng, c im ca ngi nh vcc iu kin kinh t k thut.2) H thng cp thot nc bn trong cng trnh phi m bo cc yu cu sau:

a) Yu cu i vi trang thit b v sinh, quy nh ti mc 13.2.1, iu 13.2.b) Yu cu i vi h thng cp nc, quy nh ti mc 13.3.1, iu 13.3.c) Yu cu i vi h thng thot nc, quy nh ti mc 13.4.1, iu 13.4

13.1.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuGii php ph hp vi cc tiu chun di y s c chp thun l t yu cu v h thng cp thot

* TCVN 4513-88: Cp thot nc bn trong - Tiu chun thit k* TCVN 4474-87: Thot nc bn trong - Tiu chun thit k* TCVN 4519-88: H thng cp thot nc bn trong - Quy phm thi cng nghim thu

iu 13.2. Trang thit bi v sinh13.2.1. Yu cu i vi trang thit b v sinh (TBVS)Cc thit b v sinh trong nh phi m bo:1) S lng TBVSS lng v kiu TBVS phi p ng yu cu s dng, ph hp vi chc nng, quy m ca cng trnh v

s lng ngi s dng c k n gii tnh, la tui, v ngi khuyt tt (nu c, theo quy nh ti iu2) Cht lng TBVSCc TBVS phi:

a) C kt cu vng chc vb) Bo m v sinh: thot nc ht, khng r r nc, khng b bm bn, khng pht sinh mi hi.

3) Lp TBVSLp t TBVS phi m bo:

a) s dng thun tin v an ton, ph hp vi i tng s dng.b) thun tin cho lau chi, sa cha, thay th.c) khng r r nc ra sn, tng v khng xy ra hin tng nc chy ngc t TBVS vo h thngcp nc.

13.2.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuNhng gii php ph hp vi cc quy nh v tiu chun di y c chp thun l t yu cu v thitb v sinh:1) S lng TBVS

a) Chng loi v s lng cc trang thit b v sinh c lp t bn trong cc ngi nh phi ph hpvi chc nng v quy m cng trnh nh quy nh trong bng 13.2.1b) Khu v sinh cho ngi tn tt: theo quy nh ti iu 8.2

Bng 13.2.1 - S lng ti thiu ca thit b v sinh bn trong cng trnh cng cng


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Ghi ch:i vi nh tr, mu gio, ca hng n ung, bnh vin, s TBVS cho nhn vin cn c tnh ring, chanu trong bng.

3) Cht lng TBVSCc thit b v sinh phi c cht lng t cc tiu chun k thut.i vi thit b v sinh bng gm s phi t tiu chun:

* TCVN 6073-95: Sn phm gm s v sinh -Yu cu k thut

4) Lp t TBVSLp t TBVS phi m bo cc yu cu di y:

a) Chiu cao lp t TBVS phi ph hp vi i tng s dng v cu to ca thit b (bng 13.2.2).i vi bnh vin, nh an dng cn ch ti i tng s dng l ngi gi, yu, khuyt tt, ccbnh nhn cn ly bnh phm.b) C bin php ngn nga nc trn t TBVS ra sn, gy m t khu vc v sinh.


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c) Cc thit b v sinh phi c lp xi phng ngn chn mi hi thi bay vo nh.

Bng 13.2.2 - cao lp t cc thit b v sinh(tnh t mt sn n mp trn ca chu)

iu 13.3. H thng cp nc13.3.1. Yu cu i vi h thng cp ncH thng cp nc phi bo m:

1) Cht lng nc cp: phi t yu cu theo mc ch s dngNc dng cho n ung v sinh hot phi t tiu chun quy dnh trong iu 4.15, chng 4 caQCXD ny.2) Lu lng, p lc nc cp: p ng nhu cu dng nc ti mi im ly nc trong nh.Nc cp cho sinh hot phi m bo yu cu v p lc t do ti thiu ti cc TBVS v p lc ti a.Nc cha chy phi m bo yu cu v p lc cha chy, quy nh ti iu 11.9, chng 9 ca3) ng ng, thit b trong h thng cp ncng ng, thit b trong h thng cp nc phi:

a) khng lm nhim bn, nhim c nc cpb) c lp t chc chn, khng b r r, khng gy n rung khi vn hnh, khng xy ra hintng nc chy ngc khi ng ng b gim p v mt nc.

4) Trng hp cp nc nngphi m bo an ton cho ngi s dng khng b bng do nc qu nng, r r hi nng, khng bnguy him do n bnh un hoc in git.

13.3.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuH thng cp nc phi m bo cc quy nh di y c chp thun l t cc yu cu nu mc1) m bo cc nhu cu dng nc bao gm:

a) Nc dng cho sinh hot: theo tiu chun dng nc trong ngy dng nhiu nc nht trong nmbn trong nh , cng cng, nh sn xut, nh quy nh trong ph lc 13.1.

b) Nc cha chy bn trong nh: theo quy nh iu 11.9, chng 11 ca QCXD ny.2) p lc ncp lc nc trong h thng cp nc phi m bo:

a) p lc nc t do ti thiu ti mi im ly nc mi thi im l 3m ct nc.b) p lc lm vic trong mng li cp nc sinh hot khng c vt qu 60m (nu ln hn phiphn vng p lc cho mng li)

Ghi ch: trnh s chnh p gia cc tng ca nh cao tng, cn t van gim p trn ng ng hn phi, c4-6 tng t 1 van.


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3) Tng pa) Khi p lc nc khng ln cc tng nh, cn c bin php tng p nh: thit k trm bmtng p vi b cha di t v kt nc trn mi.b) Nghim cm vic t my bm ht nc trc tip vo ng ng. Trm bm tng p phi ht ncqua b cha.c) Dung tch ca b cha, kt nc phi ph hp vi nhu cu dng nc, chu k b sung nc vo bv cch b tr ng ng phn phi.d) My bm tng p khng c t gn cc phng cn yn tnh nh: cc cn h, nh tr-mu gio,phng hc, ging ng, phng iu tr ca bnh vin. Phi c bin php cch m cho my bm: t

my bm trn nn cch m bng cao su hay g mm, trn ng ht v ng y phi c m chngrung di ti thiu 1m.e) Phi m bo cp in lin tc cho my bm cp nc.

4) ng nga) Vt liu ng ng cp nc l ng thp trng km hoc ng nhab) H thng ng ng khng c gy ting n hoc b rung khi vn hnh. Tc nc chy trongng khng ln qu 2m/s v p lc trong ng khng qu 60m ct nc.

5) Cp nc nnga) Thit b un nc nng

Cc thit b un nc nng phi t yu cu k thut v an ton v c lp t sao cho:i) Khng gy nhim bn nc;ii) Thun tin bo dng, sa cha;iii) C cc thit b an ton khng ch p sut v nhit ;iv) Nhit nc nng khng cao qu 500 C

b) ng ng dn nc nngLp t ng ng dn nc nng phi m bo:

i) Chng n mn cho ng ng thp dn nc nng v phi c bin php bo n ng ng.ii) C bin php phng nga ng ng dn n.iii) Phi t cc van x kh im cao ca ct ng ng cp nc nng v ca b phn gia nhit.iv) Sn phn bit ng ng nc nng l thin bng mu .

c) Lp t h thng cp nhit, cp nc nng, ni hi v ni un nc ti nhit 1150C v ni hivi p sut ln hn 0,7 daN/cm2 phi tun th cc tiu chun v an ton ca ng ng dn hi vdn nc nng.

iu 13.4 H thng thot nc13.4.1. Yu cu i vi h thng thot ncH thng thot nc phi m bo:

1) Thot ht nc2) Khng b r, tc v d thng tc sa cha.3) Khng bc mi hi thi ra mi trng xung quanh4) Khng c nguy c b v, dp ng ng5) m bo cc yu cu v khng x nc trc tip ra h ng v tiu chun nc thi trc khi x,

quy nh ti iu 4.17, 5.17, 6.13 v 7.8 ca QCXD ny6) Vn hnh cng trnh x l nc thi c thun li v m bo an ton lao ng.

13.4.2. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cuH thng thot nc m bo cc quy nh di y c chp thun l t cc yu cu nu mc 13.4.1:

1) Thot ht mi loi nc thi (nc bn t cc thit b v sinh, nc thi sinh hot, nc thi snxut, nc ma trn mi) t bn trong nh ra h thng tho t nc bn ngoi bng ng ng kn. dc ca ng ng phi ln hn dc ti thiu v m bo vn tc t lm sch ca dng chy.2) ng ng thot nc phi khng thm, khng b r r, tc, b xm thc (i vi nc thi snxut) v c th l ng gang, ng snh, ng cht do.3) Phi c cc phu thu nc thi (ng knh ti thiu l 50mm) nhanh chng thu ht nc thitrn sn trong phng tm, ra, khu v sinh.


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Mi bn tm phi c ring mt ng thot nc nagng vi dc ti thiu 0,01 - 0,03.4) Cc dng c v sinh v thit b thu nc thi phi c ng xi phng ngn hi. Xi phng phi mbo lp nc lu dy khng di 5cm v c b mt bn trong trn, nhn.5) Phi t ng kim tra hoc l thng tc trn cc ng ng nhnh. Ming thng tc c t ucng ng thot ngang, chn ng ng v khng c r r nc, khng cn tr dng chy v thuntin cho thao tc thng tc..6) Khng c php l ng ng nhnh thot nc ra di mt trn ca cc phng di.7) Nc thi t cc chu x, tiu trc khi x ra h thng thot nc chung phi c x l qua b thoi, c xy dng t tiu chun k thut.

8) Thng hi:a) Khng c ni ng thng hi ca ng ng thot vi ng thng gi v thng khi.b) ng thng hi chnh phi c t thng, cao vt khi mi 0,7m v c ng knh nh quynh trong bng 13.4.1

Bng 13.4.1 - ng knh ti thiu ca ng thng hi

c) trnh hin tng rt lp nc lu trong xi phng, phi t ng thng hi ph.

9) ng knh ti thiu ca ng ng thot nc bn trong nh l 75mm, ca ng ng thot nc phntiu t cc khu v sinh l 100mm.10) Thot nc ma trn mi:

a) Cng ma tnh ton trong h thng cp nc ma trn mi cc a phng c ly theoph lc 13.2b) c php tnh ton s b theo lu lng tnh ton cho mt phu thu nc ma v mt ng ngquy nh trong bng 13.4.2

Bng 13.4.2 - Lu lng tnh ton cho mt phu thu v mt ng ng thot nc ma

Ph lc 13.1 - Tiu chun dng nc trong ngy, dng nc nhiu nht trong nm


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Ghi ch:(1). i vi cc nh , nc sinh hot dng hng ngy ly vi cng cng ca ng ph, tiu khu th tiuchun dng nc trung bnh mi ngi ly t 40 n 60 l/ ngy.(2). Tiu chun dng nc cho mt ging bnh trong bnh vin, nh an dng, nh ngh v cho mt chtrong trng ni ch tnh n lng nc dng trong nh n, nh git.(3). Tiu chun dng nc ca 1 cn b lm vic mt tr s, c quan hnh chnh gm c lng nc chokhch. Nc dng cho nh n cn tnh b sung.

Ph lc 13.2 - Cng ma 5 pht ti cc a phng Vit Nam


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Chng 14Trang b in trong cng trnh

Mc tiuCc quy dnh trong chong ny nhm bo m trang b in trong cng trnh ph hp vi chc nng cacng trnh v c thit k, lp t ng k thut, vn hnh an ton, lin tc trong sut thi gian s dng.

iu 14.1 Phm vi p dng

1) Chng ny c p dng cho thit k, lp t trang b in, bao gm ng dy dn v thit b in viin p khng vt qu 1000 V, bn trong cc cng trnh dn dng v cng nghip (di y gi chungl cng trnh), c xy dng mi cng nh ci to, m rng.2) Vic lp t cc thit b in c bit nh : thit b th nghim, thit b khm, cha bnh, thit b bochy, chng trm, cc m hnh trong bo tng, trin lm, cc bng qung co bng in, phi tun theonhng yu cu ring cho tng trng hp.

Ghi ch:Phn gii thch mt s t ng v k thut in c trnh by ph lc 14.1.

iu 14.2. Yu cu i vi trang b in trong cng trnh

Vic thit k, lp t h thng in trong nh phi:1) Bo m an ton cho con ngi v ti sn, cng trnh, bao gm:a) Bo m an ton cho con bao gmi, khng b nguy him do:

i) tip xc vi nhng b phn mng in ca thit b dng in trong vn hnh bnh ng vngn nga khng cho cc b phn kim loi bnh thng khng mang in ca thit b dng in,hoc cc b phn ca cng trnh b va chm v khi s c.ii) chm phi b phn c nhit tng qu mc gy ra bi thit b in hot ng khng bnhthng hoc do cc dng in vt qu mc tnh ton quy nh.iii) lc ng in trong cc thit b in do dng in vt qu mc tnh ton gy ra.

b) Bo m trang b in lm vic an ton trong mi trng nh, khng sinh ra tia la in trongmi trng c nguy c chy, n.c) Bo v cc b phn ca cng trnh khi nguy c chy, suy gim cc c tnh k thut do nhit

b tng bi truyn nhit hoc h quang in.2) S dng thun tin, an tonTrong nh d kin c ngi tn tt s dng, cc hm n v cm in phi t ch d lui ti v s dngthun tin cho h.3) Bo m mng in lm vic n nh, lin tc trong thi gian ph hp vi chc nng v quy m cacng trnh, ngoi tr cc nguyn nhn do h thng in a phng gy ra.4) Bo m kh nng tch ri v in vi h thng cung cp in.

a) Ti u vo, phi c thit b ct in chung bo v cho h thng in bn ngoi khi c s c.b) Cc thit b bo v phi c chn sao cho chng tc ng theo phn cp c chn lc.

iu 14.3. Gii php c chp thun l t yu cu

Trang b in trong cng trnh c thit k, lp t ph hp vi cc tiu chun Vit Nam di y s cchp thun l t yu cu nu trong iu 14.2.* 20 TCN 25 - 91: t ng dn in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng -Tiu chun thit k.* 20 TCN 27 - 91: t thit b in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng Tiu chun thit k.* 11 TCN 18 - 84: Quy phm trang b in ti 11 TCN 21 - 84* TCVN 4756 - 89: Quy phm ni t v ni khng cc thit b in

Ghi ch:

Mt s iu quan trng trong cc tiu chun nu trn c trch dn trong cc iu t 14.4 ti 14.14di y.

iu 14.4. Trm bin p


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14. 4.1. V tr trm bin p (TBA)1) i vi nh , bnh vin, trng hc:Cm t TBA trong hoc k st cc phng , phng bnh nhn, phng hc v cc phng lm vic.2) i vi cng trnh cng nghip v cc cng trnh cng cng khc:c t TBA trong nh hoc k st nh nhng phi m bo mc n cho php v TBA phi ctng ngn chy vi phng k st v c li ra thng trc tip vi khng gian trng bn ngoi.3) Trm bin p nn t tng trt v phi c li thng trc tip ra ng ph theo yu cu phng

14.4.2. B tr trm bin p

1) Ni t thit b phn phi in p n 1000 V m ngi qun l ca h tiu th ti c khng cphp thng vi ni t thit b phn phi cao p v my bin p.2) Sn t my bin p phi c cao trn mc ngp lt cao nht ca khu vc.3) Khng c b tr gian my bin p v thit b phn phi ti:

a) Di nhng ni m t nh: phng tm, phng v sinh, khu vc sn xut m t. Khi tht cn thitth phi c bin php chng thm.b) Ngay bn di v trn cc phng tp trung trn 50 ngi trong thi gian qu 1 gi. Yu cu nykhng p dng cho gian my bin p kh hoc my bin p lm mt bng cht khng chy.

4) B tr v lp t TBA cn tun theo cc quy nh trong tiu chun 11 TCN - 21 - 84 Quy phm trangb in.

iu 14.5. Thit b u vo - bng, t, phn phi in - thit b bo v14.5.1. Yu cu t thit b u vo (V)1) u vo cng trnh phi t thit b u vo (V).2) Trc khi vo nh cm t t u cp ring phn chia li in bn trong v bn ngoi. Vicphn chia ny phi thc hin t phn phi in chnh (TC) hoc bng in chnh (BC).

14.5.2. B tr thit b u vo, cc bng, t phn phi in chnh v cc bng, t in nhm (V, BC,TC, TN)1) V tr t thit b

a) Phi t thit b ch d lui ti v d thao tc kim tra, ng ct in, sa cha (v d gian cuthang, tng hm kh ro...). Vi nh khng c gian cu thang, cho php t V trn pha tng ngoinh nhng phi c bin php bo v thch ng v khng nh hng n kt cu v m quan ca nh.b) Cho php t V, BC, TN trong cc phng khc, cc tng hm kh ro, hoc trong tng kthut khi ngi qun l ti c d dng; hoc trong phng ring ca cng trnh c tng khng chyvi thi hn chu la khng nh hn 45 pht.c) Cm t bng (hp, t) in phng c ho cht hoc nhng ni thng xuyn m t nh: dihoc trong phng x tm, nh bp, ch ra chn tay, phng git.

2) B tr thit ba) Phi t cc thit b V, BC, TN phng t bng (t) in hoc t trong cc t c kho.b) nhng ni d b ngp nc V v BC, TN phi c t cao hn mc ngp nc ngp caonht c th xy ra.c) Phng t bng (t) in:

i) phi c ca m ra pha ngoi v c kho, c thng gi t nhin v chiu sng bng in.ii) khng c:- t cc ng kh t, ng dn cht chy i qua phng t bng (t, hp) in.- b tr trong phng t bng (t, hp) in cc np y, van, mt bch, ca thm d, vi, ca ccng ng, hp k thut (dn nc, thng gi, hi nng...) i qua phng, tr trng hp bnthn phng cn ti.

14.5.3. Bo v ngn mch1) Mng in phi c bo v khi ngn mch vi thi gian ct ngn nht v ct c chn lc.2) Cc thit b bo v phi m bo ct c chn lc on c s c ca mng in.3) Dng in danh nh ca thit b bo vDng in danh nh ca dy chy cu ch v dng in t ca p t mt dng bo v cc on ring r


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ca mng in phi:a) ly theo dng in tnh ton ca cc mng in ny ng thi phi m bo thit b bo v khngct khi c qu ti ngn hn (dng in khi ng, ph ti nh trong cng ngh, dng in t khib) trng hp mng in ch cn c bo v ngn mch, khng yu cu bo v qu ti, cc thit bbo v phi c bi s dng in bo v so vi dng in lin tc cho php ca dy dn c bo vnh sau:

i) Khng qu 3 ln i vi dy chy ca cu ch.ii) Khng qu 1,5 ln i vi dng in ct ca b phn nh ca p t mt c iu chnh t lnghch vi dng in c tnh.

iii) Khng qu 4,5 ln i vi dng in ct ca p t mt c b phn nh cc i tc ng tcthi (ct nhanh).

14.5.4. Bo v qu ti1) Phi bo v qu ti i vi cc loi mng in trong nh di y:

a) Dng dy dn cch in c v d chy, t h.b) Dng dy dn c bo v hoc dy dn i trong ng ng, trong cc kt cu xy dng khngchy...trong nhng trng hp sau:

i) Mng in chiu sng nh , nh cng cng, ca hng, nh phc v sinh hot ca cc xnghip cng nghip; mng in ca dng in xch tay hoc di chuyn c (bn l, bpin, t lnh, my khu in,...) cng nh trong cc gian sn xut d chy.

ii) Mng in ng lc trong x nghip cng nghip, nh , nh cng cng, ca hng khi qutrnh cng nghip hay ch vn hnh ca mng in c th gy qa ti lu di dy dn viii) Cc loi mng in cc nh c cha cht d n

2) bo v qu ti mng in cn phi theo cc iu kin sau y:a) Dy chy ca cu ch hoc b ngt ca p t mt phi ly theo dng in tnh ton c tnh ndng in ph ti nh, khng ct in khi qa ti ngn hn (nh dng in khi ng, ph tinh cng ngh, dng in t ng khi ng), theo quy nh ti bng 14.5.1.

Bng 14.5.1. bo v qu ti cho mng in


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b) Dng in li

qcxdvn 1997 qui hoach xay dung

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