qe tools menu items

Module 24 – QE Software Tutorial 1a

Copyright, University of Michigan Online Green Belt Transactional Course

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QE Tools Software Tutorial Part I – Getting Started, Tool RoadMap, Cause-and-Effect Diagrams, Measure Phase

An excel-based Six Sigma statistical software add-in.

QETOOLS

qetools.com

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QE Tools Menu Items



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Topics

I. Getting Started

II. Six Sigma Methods - Tool Roadmap

III. Process Analysis - Qualitative Tools

IV. Process Capability Summary

Note: Not all tools are shown in this tutorial.See help files for additional examples.

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I. Getting Started



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Getting Started – Excel Menu

QE Tools appears as a menu option in the main Excel toolbar.

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Getting Started – New Data Sheet

QE Tools uses its own data sheet when performing analyses.

You may begin by creating an initial blank datasheet using the New Data Sheet menu pick.



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Data Sheets

A new, pre-formatted worksheet is inserted with the name DataSheet.

After you create a data sheet, you can add and manipulate data in most of the ways familiar to you in Excel (e.g., copy, paste, add formulas, etc.).

Note: You must define a variable name for each data series in the Row: “Variable Name”.

Optional, you may include upper and lower specification limits (USL and LSL) as well as a target (nominal) value for each variable.

These will automatically be referenced for those tools that require specification limits for analysis.

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Data Format in “DataSheet”

Data variables may either be values or calculations of other variables.

Examples: ‘TotalVisit’ list values ‘TotalWait’ and ‘WattoVisit’ are formula. Data for any variable may be constructed using standard Excel formulas.



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Variable Type Identifier

The Variable Type is automatically determined when data is added or pasted into the Datasheet. Type is either “data” (numerical) or “text.” Various tools require certain data types in order to run. For example, basic descriptive statistics (sample N, mean, standard deviation, etc) can only be computed for “data” type variable.

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Variable Names

n When entering variable names, QE Tools may update after you enter them or paste from another worksheet. QE Tools uses an algorithm to standardize variable names. The algorithm ensures that:n Certain characters are not allowed in variable names.

The following characters are stripped from variable names:n :, \, /, ?, *, [, ], ‘ (apostrophe), <space>

n Variable names are no longer than 16 characters. Names that are longer are shortened by using the first 8 and last 8 characters of whatever is entered.

n Duplicate names are not allowed to insure QE Tools knows which variable you wish to analyze.



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Number of Worksheet Warnings

n QETools warns of having too many active worksheets because performance may be diminished with increasing file size.

n After 30 worksheets, QE tools issues a warning message.

n Recommend creating a second analysis file or removing unused worksheets.

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QE Tools Demo – Getting Started

n Create a new data sheet

n Enter raw datan Numerical Datan Text

n Enter Formula in DataSheet



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II. Six Sigma Methods –Tool Roadmap

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Six Sigma Tool Roadmap

n QE Tools provides a Six Sigma problem solving roadmap with common analysis steps and hyperlinks to analysis tools and templates.



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Example: Measure Phase

Blue TextRepresentHyperlinksTo VariousAnalysis and Templatesin QE Tools

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III. Process Analysis –Qualitative Analysis Tools

Working with ideas / text



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Process Analysis – Qualitative Toolsn SIPOC Diagramn Cause-Effect Diagramn QFD - House of Qualityn FMEA Table*n Process Control Plan Manufacturing or Transactional*

* Sample Templates Provided

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Process Analysis Tools > SIPOC

Sample Excel Data File: qetools-sampledata.xls

Select Variables UsingSIPOC Dialogue Box

SIPOC Diagram - Loan Process

Suppliers Inputs Process Outputs Customers

• Appraisers

• Insurance Companies • Title Companies

• Government

• Lender Programs• Interest Rates

• Type of Loan

• Loan Value

Step 1:

•Prepare Loan

Step 2:

•Process Loan

Step 3:

•Underwrite Loan

Step 4:

•Clear Conditions

Final:

•Close Loan

• Loan Documents

• Mortgage

• Mortgage Customers • External Underwriter• Lending Institution

OUTPUT:



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QE Tools Demo – SIPOC Diagram


SIPOC Variables

Process

Suppliers

Inputs

Outputs

Customer

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Process Analysis Tools > Cause-Effect Diagram

However, we recommendentering reasons foreach cause categoryin data sheet column.

May enter dataDirectly in dialogueBox.



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Man

MaterialEnvironment

Late Flights

Method

Machine

Cause and Effect Diagram

Late Crew

Late Pilot

Late Cleaning

Mechanical

Gate Not Working

Late Baggage

Late Meals

Late Fuel

FAA Delay

Weather

Boarding Process

Gate Blockedcom

pute

r fai

lure

wro

ng t

erm

inal

shor

t sta

ff

wro

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erm

inal

shor

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QE Tools Demo –Cause and Effect Diagram


Variables Used Example

Machine

Environment

Man

Material

Method

Twiglet: Boarding

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Process Analysis Tools > Control Plan

Select Control Plan Template



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QE Tools Control Plan Template

Note: worksheets may be modified per user preference.

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IV. Process Capability



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Process Capability Summary

n Data Analysis Toolsn Sigma Level Calculatorn DPM Calculator - Normal n Process Capability Graphical Summary*

n Variable is Normaln Variable is Non-Normal – Best Fit with Weibull Distributionn Variable is Binary – Assume Binomial Distribution

Note: Process Capability Graphical Summary includes:summary statistics, observed DPM, expected DPM (distribution), histogram, run charts, box plot, control charts where applicable

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Process Capability Summary > Sigma Level Calculator



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Sigma Level Calculator - Example

Three different methods are available to calculate the “sigma level”depending on the format of information available from your process. Enter the appropriate information in white boxes and sigma level is calculated automatically.

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Process Capability Summary > DPM Calculator - Normal

If data may be assumed to be normal, you may input the average, standard deviation and specification limits in white boxes and QE Tools automatically estimates Defects per million.



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Process Capability –Graphical Summary*

n Different Process Capability Summaries are available depending on data / distribution.n Continuous Variable and Normal Distributionn Continuous Variable and Non-Normal –

Best Fit with Weibull Distributionn Binary Variable – Distribution assumed Binomial

Note: Process Capability Graphical Summary includes:summary statistics, observed DPM, expected DPM (distribution), histogram, run charts, box plot, control charts where applicable

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Process Capability Summary -Normal



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Process Capability Summary –Normal – Dialogue Box

Select one or more variables from the variable list to analyze (note: each variable is output to its own results worksheet).

Select type of control charts to display on the results worksheet (note: subgroup size is assumed 1 for “Ind / Moving Range”.

Options –-- show out-of-control patterns.-- manual scale run chart-- enter specification limits if not already entered on “data sheet”.

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Process Capability Summary –Normal – Using Data Ranges

Optionally select a range of data to analyze from a worksheet other than the DataSheet (note: the first row is assumed to be a label used as the variable name).



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Process Capability Summary –Normal à Results

The output contains several sections:• Statistical summary• Expected Defects per Million

(distribution)• Observed Defects per Million• Histogram• Run chart• Box plot• Control charts

Sample Excel Data File: qetools-sampledata.xlsOutput: Time in Waiting Room

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Results – Summary Stats - Histogram

Notice that the Upper Specification Limit (USL) from the datasheet is displayed on the chart and summarized in the data output.



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Results – Run Chart – Box Plot

The Run Chart provides a time trend.

Box Plot summarizes basic distribution. Example shown is skewed right (more points > median).

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Process Capability Summary –Non-normal (Weibull)



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Results- Non-normal (Weibull)

The output contains:• Statistical summary• Expected Defects per Million

(distribution)• Observed Defects per Million• Histogram• Run chart• Box plot

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Process Capability Summary –Binary (Binomial)



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Process Capability Summary –Binary (Binomial) à Dialogue Box

Select two variables for the analysis (one variable represents the number of units and the second is for the number defective).

Do not enter defective percentages – QE tools automatically calculates.

Alternatively, select one variable for the number defective and enter a constant sample size.

Specify a target for the process (note: the target does not figure into any calculations but does appear on the results worksheet for reference).

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QE Tools Demo – Process Capability


Sigma Level CalculatorDPM Calculator - Normal Process Capability Graphical Summary*

Datasheet Variable: “TimeinWaitRoom”Datasheet Variable: “TimeinWaitRoom”Datasheet Variable: Units: “P-Units” and Defective: “P-Defective”