qing, ottoman, and meiji
TRANSCRIPT
Ottoman Empire & Qing Dynasty – the turbulent 19th century
Ottoman Expansion 1300 - 1600
Anti-Imperial resistance led to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire, EX. Independence in the Balkans,
Semi-Independence in North Africa, Later British influence in Egypt.
The Empire became known as "the sick man of Europe” by Europeans.
The Sultanate has to be destroyed.
Religion and State have to be separated from one another.
We have to turn away from the eastern civilizations and turn to the western ones.
We have to do away with the distinctions between men and women and thereby found new social rules.
We have to find an alphabet based upon the Latin script, and
we have to focus ourselves towards the West in every respect, even
as far as our clothes are concerned." Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
The Decline of Ottoman Rule
MANCHU CHINA – the QING DYNASTY (the last dynasty of China)
Qing China produced more goods and held onto a favorable trade balance into the late 1700s.
THE OPIUM WARS
The Qing Dynasty of China 1644 - 1911
The end of a 4000 years of dynastic cycles. (Taiping Rebellion, Boxer Rebellion-Rebellions influenced by anti-colonial or religious ideas)
What happened? In Qing China and the Ottoman Empire, some members of the government resisted economic change and attempted to maintain preindustrial forms of economic production
Chinese Rulers sing-along-to the tune of “Frere Jacques”?
Shang, Zhou, Qin, HanShang, Zhou, Qin, HanSui, Tang, SongSui, Tang, SongYuan, Ming, Qing, RepublicThen comes RevolutionMao Zedong, Mao Zedong
A Brief Look at Japan in the 1800s to 1900s
Do you remember?
Under the Tokugawa Emperor, the Japanese shoguns had chosen a policy of isolationism in the early 1600s.
Foreigners were prohibited to enter Japan and the Japanese were “prohibited” from leaving.
Outside powers threatened Japan After the defeat of the Chinese
by the British (1780s) & a growing presence of European and U.S. warships (1850s) Japanese leaders “decided” to sign trade treaties and open Japan to outsiders.
Japan was now open to outside influences.
Tokugawa rulers lose. . . The threat from outsiders and a
desire for change unified many Japanese leaders against the Tokugawa rulers.
Provincial leaders joined together & overthrew the Tokugawa rulers, and began the Meiji period.
1860s - 1900s
Japan transformed itself into a major industrial and
military power
The Meiji Government
The emperor was the “figurehead” of the government while power was held by landowners and businessmen in congress & in the military (oligarchy).
Meiji Japan adapts Western ideas
Japanese were sent on study tours of Europe. Europeans & Americans were hired to help transform Japan.
In Japan a new education system was set up
Meiji Japan transforms itself
Modern army and navy were built.
FROM THIS . . .
TO THIS.
JAPAN transformed
Rapid industrialization took place (with a mix of government control and private ownership).
Railroads were built and urban areas became more “modern”
Japanese Imperialism Japan gained control of Korea. Victory in a short war with China
gave Japan control of Taiwan (1894)
Victory in a war with Russia gave Japan control of Manchuria (1905).
Japanese Imperialism 1860-1914
Which of the following statements best describes the meaning of this cartoon?
A. Russia was bigger than Japan
B. Japan defeated Russia in the struggle for control of East Asia
C. In WWI, Japan’s military was better than the Russia military
D. France supported Japan in its battles against Russia over territory in Manchuria