qos in the evolved network

8/8/2019 QoS in the Evolved Network

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GoSinPolicyEnforcementand

Management:TowardstheEvolved

PacketEdge

AWhitePaperfromGoSNetworks


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Contents

ExecutiveSummary.....................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................5 NetworkPolicyControl................................................................................................................................6QualityofService.........................................................................................................................................6QoSintheNGN............................................................................................................................................7Figure1:PCRF&IMSRelationshipin3GPPNetworks.............................................................................8

PolicyFrameworksinFixedNetworks.........................................................................................................9 Figure2:TISPANRACS&NASSFramework.............................................................................................9

LimitationstoPolicyEnforcement.............................................................................................................10Figure3:PolicyDeliverytotheCNG......................................................................................................11

Figure4:HRACExtensions.....................................................................................................................11

PolicyEnforcement....................................................................................................................................12PolicyReportingandMonitoring...............................................................................................................13 DynamicPolicyEnforcement:TowardsanEvolvedPacketEdge..............................................................13 Figure5:GoSinNGNPolicyArchitectures............................................................................................14 Figure6:TheEffectsofGoS...................................................................................................................15

Conclusion.................................................................................................................................................15 References.................................................................................................................................................16 Abbreviations............................................................................................................................................16


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ExecutiveSummary

Therecentexplosioninbroadbanddataconsumptioncouldaptlybe

describedasadouble-edgedswordfornetworkoperators.While

thislong-awaitedboominbroadbanddataconsumptionisgoodnews

foroperators,thisrapidandstronggrowthindatatrafficisalso

creatingacapacitycrunch,withnetworksofalltypescreakingunder

thestrainofIPtrafficdemands.Enabledbyflat-rate,allyoucaneat

dataplans,subscribersareeagerlyconsumingmoreandmoreservices

andcapacity.Theresultisthatsubscribersarebecomingincreasingly

awareofinconsistentqualitylevelsfortheservicestheyconsume,

whileserviceprovidersarebecomingincreasinglyconcernedoverthe

strainthatisbeingplacedonthenetwork.

Theobvioussolutiontotheissueofmaintainingperformancelevelsis

toincreasethecapacityavailableforsubscriberaccess.However,this

iscostly.Capacityincreasesareclearlyessential,buttheforecast

growthissogreatthatdespiteeveryfeasibleupgrade,thenetwork

willremainasstrainedasitisnow,ifnotmoreso.

Serviceprovidersarerecognisingthatamoreeffectiveandintelligent

solutiontothrowingcapacityattheproblem,istotakeaproactive

stanceandactivelymanageaccesstoanddeliveryofdifferent

services.Suchanapproachwillenableserviceproviderstoattract

premiumsforguaranteedserviceperformanceanddelivery,aswellas

ensurefairusageofexistingplansandpackages.Thishasbroughtthe

conceptsofpolicyandQoStotheforefrontofcurrentdebate.Policy

creation,managementandenforcementisnowrecognisedasa

significantrevenueopportunity.

Inordertodelivercost-effective,profitablenetwork-basedpolicies,a

comprehensiveframeworkbasedonthereliabledeliveryofQoSneeds

tobedeployed.3GPPhasdefinedakeyelement,thePCRF,whichhas

ultimateresponsibilityforthepolicieswithinagivennetwork.Based

onthepoliciesinplace,real-timeQoSmustbeimplementedviathisseriesofadditionalnetworkelementsandfunctionalentities.

Althoughoriginallydefinedfordeploymentinmobilenetworks,the

PCRFsolutionhasalsobeenadoptedforuseinfixednetworks,

throughparalleldevelopmentoftheRACSframework.However,when

consideringQoS,therearelimitationstothecurrentarchitecture,

KeyPoints

1. Policywillbecomearevengenerator,notjustareven

protector.

2. QoSisthemeansbywhichpoliciesareenforced.

3. QoEdemandsreliableQoSbandwidthisnottheansw

4. Successfulpolicies,andhentheQoSframework,will

addressdatademandsat

sourcei.e.thecustomer

premises

5. GoSistheonlysolutionthacanreliablyenforcepolicie

formultiple,premium,rea

timeservicespersubscribe

whilemakingefficientuse

scareaccessresources.

6.DeployingGoStosupplemethe3GPP/TISPANpolicy

frameworkasextendedto

CNGswillsupportthegoal

monetisingpolicies,andhe

futureexploitationofdata

analyticsinformation.


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whichnegativelyimpacttheabilityofserviceproviderstoefficientlydeliverQoS.

ThisTISPANframeworkisgraduallybeingextendeddirectlytothecustomerpremises.However,

dynamicpolicyenforcementrequiresthedeploymentofQoSmonitoringandenforcementsoftware,

directlyintocustomerequipment.OnesolutiontothisrequirementisofferedbyGoSNetworks.

GoSNetworksoffersauniquesolutioncalled GuaranteeofService,whichcanbeembeddedasa

softwareclientinpremises-basedgateways.GoSallowstheenforcementofdifferentiatedpoliciesthat,

inturn,becomerevenuegenerators.

GoSistheonlysolutionthatcanreliablyenforceQoSatthenetworkedge,andhenceallowfor

successfuldeliveryofpolicies,formultiple,real-timeservicesonapersubscriberbasis,whilemaking

useofscarceaccessresources.Serviceproviderscaneffectivelymonetisetheirpolicyframeworkby

usingGoStosupportemergingTISPANstandards,directlytocustomerpremises.


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Introduction

Therecentexplosioninbroadbanddataconsumptioncouldaptlybedescribedasadouble-edged

swordfornetworkoperators.ThephenomenalsuccessoftheiPhone,thesurginggrowthof

smartphones,andincreasingnetbookusageareallcontributingtoalong-awaitedboominbroadband

dataconsumption,whichisgoodnewsforoperatorsafteradecadeofwaitingfordatatraffic

predictionstoberealised.However,withgoodnewscomesbadnews.Thisrapidandstronggrowthin

datatrafficisalsocreatingacapacitycrunch,withnetworksofalltypescreakingunderthestrainofIP

trafficdemands.Enabledbyflat-rate,allyoucaneatdataplans,subscribersareeagerlyconsumingmore

andmoreservicesandcapacity.Theresultisthatsubscribersarebecomingincreasinglyawareof

inconsistentqualitylevelsfortheservicestheyconsume,whileserviceprovidersarebecoming

increasinglyconcernedoverthestrainthatisbeingplacedonthenetwork.WithglobalIPtrafficofall

formsforecasttogrowdramatically,whichinturnwillexacerbatecurrentproblems,serviceproviders

arebeingforcedtotakedrasticstepstoaddresssubscribersatisfactioninordertopreventchurntorival

networks.

Theobvioussolutiontotheissueofmaintainingperformancelevelsistoincreasethecapacityavailable

forsubscriberaccess.However,thisiscostlyparticularlyinthelightoftrafficgrowthforecasts,which

suggestthatcapacityrequirementswillfaceafast-movingtargetforsomeyearstocome.Accordingto

industryforecasts,globalIPtrafficwillquadrupleby2014,reachingalevelof64exabytespermonth

(Cisco,2010).MobileIPtrafficwillgrowatthefastestrate,withanexpectedCAGRof108%,whilefixed

IPtrafficwillconstitutethelargestproportionoverallcontributingmorethan94%ofthetotalvolume

(Cisco,2010).Thereareclearlysignificantchallengesinbothdomains,butwhilemuchattentionhas

beenfocusedontherapidgrowthofmobileIPtraffic,theoverwhelmingproblemswillbefoundinfixed

networks.Capacityincreasesareclearlyessential,buttheforecastgrowthissogreatthatdespiteevery

feasibleupgrade,thenetworkwillremainasstrainedasitisnow,ifnotmoreso.

Serviceprovidersarerecognisingthatamoreeffectiveandintelligentsolutiontothrowingcapacityat

theproblem,istotakeaproactivestanceandactivelymanageaccesstoanddeliveryofdifferent

services.Suchanapproachwillenableserviceproviderstoprioritisecertainkindsoftrafficandto

developpricingstrategiesthatallowthemtoattractpremiumsforguaranteedserviceperformanceand

delivery,aswellasensurefairusageofexistingplansandpackages.Thishasbroughttheconceptsof

policyandQualityofService(QoS)totheforefrontofcurrentdebate.

Inordertodelivercost-effective,profitablenetwork-basedpolicies,acomprehensiveframeworkbased

onthereliabledeliveryofQoSneedstobedeployed.Policiesdefinetheservicesandcapabilities

availabletousers;QoSensuresthatthesearedeliveredtothespecifiedlevel.Suchacomprehensive

policyframeworkmustalsotakeintoaccountvisibilityofcustomerequipmentandbeabletomonitor

andenforcepoliciesatthelevelofindividualsubscribers.Itisimportanttonotethatcurrent

architecturesarelimitedinthattheyonlyaddresscapacityreservationoncetrafficpassesfromthelast

mileintothetransportnetwork.


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Thiswhitepaperwilldiscussandaddresstheissuesandsolutionsforimplementingsuccessfulpoliciesin

fixednetworks,andillustratehowauniqueapproachtoQoSprovidesthemeanstodeliverfairand

consistentQualityofExperience(QoE)tosubscribers.Inturn,thisallowsserviceproviderstoenforce

anddeliveragrowingrangeofsophisticatedandcreativeservicepolicies.

NetworkPolicyControl

Inessence,policydefinesasetofrulesthatgoverntheservicestowhichindividualusershaveaccess

andthewayinwhichtheyareentitledtousethem.Intheirinfancy,policiesweresimplyconcernedwith

ensuringthattheappropriatechargewasappliedtoaparticularservice.However,moresophisticated

networksandsurgingapplicationdemandshaveledtorecognitionthatpoliciescanenablemore

powerfulserviceofferingsandricherbillingpossibilities.

Ononelevel,policyisanabstractnotion;yetonanother,ithasveryrealimplicationsforusers.Thisis

because,ultimately,policyistranslatedintosomethingtangible.Whenasubscriberusesaparticular

service,theirperceptionofperformanceistermedQoE.Itisbecomingclearthatthereisawillingness

amongsomeconsumerstopayforenhancedQoE,particularlyincertainareassuchasonlinegaming.

WhereasQoEisentirelysubjectivethoughitcanbemonitoredthroughsubscriberfeedbackQoScan

bemeasuredobjectively.Indeed,telecomsnetworksdeploycomplexunderlyingprocedurestoensure

thattherightserviceattainstherightlevelofperformanceattherighttimetheseproceduresare

collectivelyknownasQoStechniques.

Furthermore,theenforcementofpoliciesisimpossiblewithouttightintegrationwithQoSprocedures;

intheirabsence,userQoEcannotbeguaranteed.Soifpoliciesaretoemergeasakeyelementin

creativepricingandservicedeliverystrategies,arobustQoSframeworkisrequiredtosupportthem.

Whilemuchoftheattentioninthisemergingareahasbeenonmobilenetworks,fixednetworksfacea

similar,butmuchlarger,problem.

QualityofService

QoSintelecommunicationsandIPnetworksreferstomeasurableandqualitativetechniquesthat

enable[serviceproviders]toselect,control,predictandmeasurethelevelofQoSandtoguarantee

predictablebehaviour[forsubscribers](Copeland,2009).QoSiscomposedofanumberofvariable

parametersthataffectapplicationperformance.InIPnetworks,theseinclude:

Packetloss; Latency;


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Jitter; Corruption;and, Packetorder1.

Inaggregate,theseparametersconstitutethefinallevelofQoS.

Applicationsdeliveredacrossnetworksdependonthetimelyandaccuratedeliveryofdata,both

supervisoryandcontentrelated,irrespectiveofwhethertheserviceisavoicecall,amulti-partyvideo

call,orasimpleresourcedownload.EachoftheseapplicationshasdifferentQoSrequirementsthat

mustbemetinordertodeliveranacceptableQoE.Similarly,eachapplicationhasdifferenttolerance

levelsfordegradedperformance.Forexample,multi-partyvideosessionshaveahighrequirementfor

real-timedatabecausethethresholdforserviceperformanceisrelativelyhighasdegradationbelowa

certainpointrendersthesessionuseless,whereasdownloadsofmusicfilesorlargeemailattachments

areactivitiesthatcanbeinterruptedortreatedwithalowerpriority.

Inordertoensurethatdifferentapplicationsaregiventhecorrectresourcesandcanbedeliveredwith

theexpectedQoE(so,forexample,avideochatsessionhasanacceptablelevelofquality,andavoice

callhasappropriateaudioquality),network-wideQoSsolutionsneedtobedeployed.Thisensuresthat

applicationscompetingforbandwidthcanbeprioritisedagainsttheirindividualservicerequirements

andthereforeappropriatelevelsofserviceachieved.WithoutsuchQoSprocedures,reliablepoliciesare

impossibleunlessunlimited,on-demandbandwidthisavailable.

Indeed,globalmigrationtowardsconverged,IPtransport,coreandservicedeliverynetworkshasledto

theformalinclusionofQoSframeworkswithintechnicalstandardsandgreaterrecognitionoftherole

thatQoShastoplayintheevolutionofpolicyframeworks.

QoSintheNGN

FixedandmobilenetworkshaveadoptedtheIPMulti-MediaSubsystem(IMS)asthecoreenginefor

sessioncontrolinNGNIPnetworks.Thisistightlyintegratedwithanextendedframeworkforaddressing

QoSissuesandensuringthatpoliciescanbedeliveredtoindividualsubscribersinrealtime.Itis

assumedthat,inthefuture,connecteduserequipment(UE),suchasmobiledevices,laptops,

softphones,andsoon,willbeIP-enabledandattachdirectlytowhatareknownasIPConnectivity

AccessNetworks(IP-CAN).Thesecanbemobile,accordingto3GPPstandards;WIMAXorWLAN;orfixed

viaEthernetandbroadbandDSLconnections,accordingtoTISPANstandards.Ineachcase,theQoS

requiredforanindividualservicesupportedbythenetworkwillberequestedatsessionestablishment

andnegotiateddirectlywiththepolicyframeworkdeployedinthecore.Ifuserrequirementschange

withinasession,renegotiationtakesplace,ensuringthattheappropriateQoSadjustmentsaremade.

1Note:dependingonthebehaviourofthereceiver,corruptionandout-of-orderdeliverymayequatetoadditional

packetloss.


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3GPPhasdefinedakeyelement,thePolicyandChargingRulesFunction(PCRF),whichhasultimate

responsibilityforthepolicieswithinagivennetwork.ThePCFRisconnectedtoadditional,related

functionalentitiesthatareassociatedwithkeynetworkelementsinordertocompletethepolicyand

chargingarchitecture.Basedonthepoliciesinplace,real-timeQoSmustbeimplementedviathisseries

ofadditionalnetworkelementsandfunctionalentities.ThePCRFframeworkcanalsobeassociatedwith

thecoresessioncontrolplatformtheIMSallowingper-servicebasedpoliciestobecreated,managed

andenforced.AhighleveloverviewofthisarrangementisprovidedinFigure1.

Figure1:PCRF&IMSRelationshipin3GPPNetworks

Althoughoriginallydefinedfordeploymentinmobilenetworks,thePCRFsolutionhasalsobeen

adoptedforuseinfixednetworks.However,therearesomeadditionalconsiderationsforfixed

networksthathavenecessitatedderivationofaslightlydifferentarchitecture.Thishasbeendeveloped

andspecifiedundertheworkoftheTISPANgroup.TISPANeffortshavebeenintegratedintothegeneral

3GPPstandardisationprocess.


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PolicyFrameworksinFixedNetworks

TISPANhasdefinedadedicatedsub-systemwithresponsibilityfor:

Policycontrol; Resourcereservation;and, Admissioncontrol.

TheResourceReservationandAdmissionControlSub-system(RACS),providespolicybasedcontrol

servicestoapplications(ETSI).TheRACSallowsapplicationstorequesttheresourcestheyneedvia

standardisedinterfaces.AstheRACSmaskstheunderlyingnetwork,applicationsdonotneedtobe

awareofthenetworkoverwhichtheserviceistobedelivered.Resourcescanberequestedforreal-

timeservicesandmanagedinrealtimetoensurethatserviceupgradesordowngradesareachievedin

linewithuserrequirements.InadditiontotheRACS,thereisarelatedsubsystem,theNetwork

AttachmentSubsystem,whichisresponsiblefortheregistrationandinitialisationofUEforaccessto

TISPANservices.Assuch,italsohasaroletoplayintheadmittanceofUEtoapolicyframework(ETSI).

ThisarchitectureisillustratedinFigure2.

Figure2:TISPANRACS&NASSFramework


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AlthoughtheRACSandPCRFhaveemergedthroughtheeffortsofdifferent,butrelated,standards

bodies,thetermPCRFisincreasinglyusedasagenerictermforanetworkpolicycontrolserver.With

thecapabilitiesofthePCRF/RACS,serviceproviderscandeployandmaintainasingle,all-encompassing

policyframeworkacrossfixed,mobileandconvergentnetworks.

TheRACScanalsointeractwithadditionalnetworkelementsthataresupportedinthetransport

network.However,whenconsideringQoS,therearelimitationstothecurrentarchitecture,which

negativelyimpacttheabilityofserviceproviderstoefficientlydeliverQoSandhencepolicies.

LimitationstoPolicyEnforcement

Inordertoaccuratelyandcost-effectivelyprovisionnetworkresourcesforindividualapplicationsand

services(andthereforeimplementandenforcepolicies),serviceprovidersneedtobeabletodifferentiatebetweenthedifferentapplicationsbeingusedbyindividualsubscribers.Whereas

differentiationandpolicyenforcementcantakeplacedeeperinthenetwork,thisonlyreallyaddresses

theproblemofcompetitionforresourcesbetweensubscribers,andnotthecompetitionbetween

applicationsforthesamesubscriber.Becausetheaccesslinkisoneoftheprincipalbottlenecks,if

applicationsusingitarenotdirectlyunderthecontrolofthenetworkpolicyframework,actionistoo

lateandotherapplicationsmaybeimpaired.Policymonitoringandenforcementsolutionsneedvisibility

ofapplicationandsubscriberactivitydirectlyatthesubscriberpremises.ThismeansthatpolicyandQoS

solutionsalsoneedtobeapplieddirectlytosubscriberpremises.

ThisproblemwiththecurrentarchitecturehasbeenrecognisedbyTISPAN,andeffortshavebeenmade

toaddressQoSandpolicycontrolwithincustomernetworks.Inthelatestgenerationofstandardsand

research,TISPANhasnowdefinedinterfacesdirectlytoCustomerPremisesNetworks(CPN)and

CustomerNetworkGateways(CNG)andhascreatedanewentity,termedtheH-RAC,orHomeResource

andAdmissionControlentity(ETSI).ThisisshowninFigures3and4.


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Figure3:PolicyDeliverytotheCNG

Figure4:HRACExtensions


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TheH-RACisfurtherdecomposedintoadditionalentities,beyondthescopeofthispaper,buttheentity

hastoimplementpolicydecisionsinresponsetoapplicationdemandslocally,inconjunctionwith

specialisedsoftwareco-residentinthegateway.Thissoftwaremustbeabletoidentifytraffic,

discriminatebetweenapplications,andenforcetherequiredpolicydecisions.Furthermore,itmustbe

abletointeractwithlocalQoS-capablesoftware,sothatthepolicydecisionscanbeenforcedand

translatedintoappropriateresourcereservationandprioritisation.

PolicyEnforcement

DecisionsonQoS,determinedbytheagreednetworkpoliciescanbeextendeddirectlytoCNGsinfixed

networksoverbroadbandaccess.TheremaybearangeofequipmentconnectedtosuchCNGs,

encompassingbothconsumerandbusinessneeds,including:

Legacyanaloguehandsets; Legacydigitalhandsets; SIPextensions; Videoterminals; PCs; Faxmachines; Videoondemandsolutions; IPTVplatforms;or Real-timegamingplatforms.

Eachofthesedevicesislikelytohavedifferentneeds,andtheoverallrequirementsoftheusersbehind

eachCNGmaychangedynamicallyduringeachsession.ACNGcouldbedeployedin,forexample,a

homewithmultipleusers,anenterprise,oranSME.BydeliveringQoSandpolicycontroltotheCNG,

serviceproviderscanensurethattheyenforcepoliciesforsubscribertrafficcontinuously,inrealtime,

beforeproblemtrafficreachesthenetworktransportlayer.Forexample,ifaresidentialsubscriberisa

heavyP2Puser,apolicycouldbeenforced,viatheirCNG,toreducethebandwidthavailableforP2P

applicationsinordertoensurecapacityforother,real-timetraffic,suchasgamingorvideochat.The

problemcanbeeliminatedbeforeitevenemerges,asthepolicyblueprintensuresthatdifferenttraffictypesarecontrolledatthepointoforigin,ensuringfairnesstootherusersonthesamenetwork,orto

otherapplicationswithreal-timerequirementsforthesamesubscriber.


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PolicyReportingandMonitoring

Similarly,theoverallnetworkpolicyframeworkhastoadjustdynamicallytochangingrequirementsand

demands.ThelocalQoSfunctionmustbeabletoregistersuchchangingdemandsandallowthepolicy

functionstomanagethesefluctuationsinrealtime.Monitoringandreportingchangingreal-time

requirementsforusertrafficatsourcethusenablesdynamicpolicycontrol.Forexample,aservice

providermayadjusttheamountofbandwidthavailabletoP2Ptrafficbasedonameasurementofthe

overallnetworkload,whilelocalcontrolwouldpreventundesirabletrafficfromconsumingnetwork

bandwidth,incore,accessandbackhauldomains.Similarly,theserviceprovidercouldalsopermitP2P

traffictoconsumemorebandwidthatthelevelofindividualusersonceareal-timeapplicationhasbeen

terminated,butmaywishtodegradetheP2Ptrafficonceagainasdemandresumes.Bycontinuously

monitoringandreportingtrafficdemandsandusageviatheoverallpolicyframework,serviceproviders

canprovideflexibleanddynamicpoliciesbasedonreal-timeuserrequirements.

Therefore,deploymentoftheappropriateQoSsolution,embeddedasafunctionwithinCNGswill

enableserviceproviderstooffermultipleclassesofservice,ratherthansimplyapplygenericthrottling

techniquestotrafficthatoriginatesfromsubscriberpremises.

DynamicPolicyEnforcement:TowardsanEvolvedPacketEdge

Incorenetworks,IPsessionrouting,internetworkconnectivityandservicecontrolisofferedbytheIMS.

Anadjunctpolicyframeworkallowsnetwork-basedpolicyandchargingrulestobeimplementedforallusers,irrespectiveoftheirmodeofaccess.Thisframeworkisgraduallybeingextendeddirectlytothe

customerpremises,viatheeffortsofTISPANandthedefinitionofnewfunctionsandcapabilities.

However,dynamicpolicyenforcementrequiresthedeploymentofQoSmonitoringandenforcement

softwaredirectlyintotheCNG.OnesolutiontothisrequirementisofferedbyGoSNetworks.

GoSNetworksoffersauniquesolutioncalled GuaranteeofService,whichcanbeembeddedasa

softwareclientinCNGs.GoSAgentprovidesthemeansforserviceproviders,viaastandardisedpolicy

controlframework,toenforcepoliciesdirectlyatthetrafficsourcethatis,attheextremeedgesofthe

network.GoSAgentdeliversmultiple,real-timeclassesofservice,enablingindependentcontrolof

trafficformultiple,parallelreal-timeandnearreal-timeapplications:

Throughput; Loss;and, Delay/Jitter.

GoSallowstheenforcementofdifferentiatedpoliciesthat,inturn,becomerevenuegenerators.

Furthermore,GoSAgentiscomplementedbyGoSManager,whichtogetherprovideacomprehensive


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reportingsolutionthatdeliversreal-timeupdatesoftrafficusageanddemandtothepolicyengine,

allowingdynamicpolicyenforcementinresponsetochangingusagepatterns.TherelationshipofGoS

totheoverallpolicyframeworkisillustratedinFigure5.

Figure5:GoSinNGNPolicyArchitectures

GoSgoesbeyondbasictrafficpolicingapproachesandsimplecall-admissioncontroltoallowdeliveryofareal-time,dynamicpolicyframework,supportingmultipleclassesofserviceandQoScontroltoensure

reliableQoEforallusers.Thisevolvedpacketedgewillbecomeakeycomponentinserviceproviders

evolvingpolicyandchargingstrategies,ensuringthattheycanmaximisenetworkefficiencyandoffer

genuinelydifferentiatedpolicies.AnillustrationoftheeffectsofdeployingGoSisshowninFigure6.


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Figure6:TheEffectsofGoS

ThemonitoringandreportingcapabilitiesofGoSalsoallowserviceproviderstomoreeffectivelycollect

andanalyseinformationonsubscriberactivitiesandapplicationusage,whichinturncanbeused

proactivelytodevelopnewpoliciesandprofiles,andenhancenetworkoptimisation.Dataanalyticsis

emergingasakeyresourceforserviceprovidersseekingtofindnewwaystoanticipateandrespondto

serviceandbandwidthutilisation,andGoSprovidesanelegantsolution.

Conclusion

Policy,asenabledandenforcedintelecomsnetworks,issettobecomeakeyrevenuegeneratorfor

serviceproviders,asinnovativenewpricingplansandoffersareintroducedtoenterpriseandconsumer

customersalike.QoSiscriticaltothesuccessfulintroductionofpolicies,asitprovidesthemeansby

whichthepoliciescanbemeasuredandenforced.CustomerswithahighQoEarehappycustomers,and

sowillbelesslikelytoseekoutcompetingservicesandalternativeserviceproviders.

MaintaininghighlevelsofQoErequiresreliableQoS.Althoughoneapproachissimplytoincrease

availablebandwidth,thisiscostlyandunsustainable.Analternative,moreeffectiveapproachisto

implementnetwork-wideQoSmeasurementandenforcementsolutions.Althoughmuchefforthasbeen

expendedinthisarea,thenextissuetoaddresswillbemonitoringandreportingdatademandsatthe

customerpremisesand,indeed,TISPANisnowattemptingtodothisviaextensionofpolicymechanisms


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tocustomernetworkgateways.Whensuchsolutionsarerealised,theywillneedspecialisedsoftwareto

delivertherequiredQoS.

GoSistheonlysolutionthatcanreliablydeliverQoS,andhenceallowforsuccessfuldeliveryofpolicies,

formultiple,real-timeservicesonapersubscriberbasis,whilemakinguseofscarceaccessresources.

ServiceproviderscaneffectivelymonetisetheirpolicyframeworkbyusingGoStosupportemerging

TISPANstandards,directlytocustomerpremises.

References

Cisco.(2010).VisualNetworkingIndex.

Copeland,R.(2009).ConvergingNGNWirelineandMobile3GNetworkswithIMS.

ETSI.TISPANNGNFunctionalArchitecture;NetworkAttachmentSubsystem(NASS).

ETSI.TISPANRemoteCPNQoSControl;StudyonCPN-RACSInteraction.

ETSI.TISPANResourceandAdmissionControlSubsystem(RACS);FunctionalArchitecture.

Abbreviations

3GPPThirdGenerationPartnershipProject

CAGRCompoundAnnualGrowthRate

CNGCustomerNetworkGateway

CPNCustomerPremisesNetwork

EPCEvolvedPacketCore

H-RACHomeResourceandAdmissionControlentity

IMSIPMultimediaSubsystem

IPInternetProtocol

IP-CANIPConnectivityAccessNetwork

NASSNetworkAttachmentSubsystem

NGNNextGenerationNetwork

P2PPeertoPeer

PCCPolicyandChargingControl


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QoEQualityofExperience

QoSQualityofService

RACSResourceandAdmissionControlSubsystem

TISPANTelecommunicationsandInternetconvergedServicesandProtocolsforAdvancedNetworking

UEUserEquipment

WLANWirelessLocalAreaNetwork

qos in the evolved network

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