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Measurement & Control
QUALIFICATION OF FLOW CONDTIONING DEVICES ACCORDING TO
THE NEW API 14.3 PART 2 PROCEDURE.
QUALIFICATION OF FLOW CONDTIONING DEVICES ACCORDING TO
THE NEW API 14.3 PART 2 PROCEDURE.
Klaus J. Zanker and Dale Goodson
Daniel Industries, Inc.
Measurement & Control
Old Tube BundleOld Tube Bundle1. a/D < 1/4
2. L/a > 10
3. A < 1/16(π D2 /4)
4. Tubes any size - symmetrical
5. Tubes any shape
6.Tubes mounted into end rings
7. Tubes welded together
8. Tubes thin walled
9. All tubes mounted axiallyA
D
a
Measurement & Control
New Tube BundleNew Tube Bundle
Items 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6 no longer apply, only 19 tube uniform concentric tube bundle allowed
• All tubes must touch one another
• Tubes must be welded together
• OD > 0.95 D
• t < 2.5 % of D
Tube wall thickness = t
Tube bundle OD
Measurement & Control
API Type Approval RequirementsAPI Type Approval Requirements
l Baseline Calibration, evaluating performance of test facility
l To prove that the mechanical baseline configuration is valid, the baseline CD values should lie within the 95% confidence interval for the RG equation.
l Standard does not demand an “accredited facility”
Measurement & Control
Disturbance TestsDisturbance Tests
l Good Flow Conditions - test evaluating impact of flow conditioner on fully developed velocity profile.
l Two 900 Elbows in Perpendicular Planes - testing of flow conditioner performance in handling combination of a modest swirl and a non-symmetrical velocity profile.
l Gate Valve 50% Closed - test evaluating flow conditioner performance in strongly non-symmetrical velocity profile.
l High Swirl - test assessing flow conditioner performance in flows with high swirl angle (over 250).
Measurement & Control
Additional TestsAdditional Tests
l Orifice ββ ratio: Check swirl test at β=0.40 and β=0.67
l Reynolds Number Sensitivity: Test at two ranges 104 < Re <5 x 105 and Re > 106
with approximately a 7:1 ratio.
l Scaling: Test at two sizes selected from D < 4” and D > 8”
Measurement & Control
Zanker Plate DesignZanker Plate Design
l Zanker straightener 1959 at BHRA, NEL conference in 1960, was included in ISO 5167 in 1980
l Mitsubishi in 1973 US patent 3840051
l Elizabeth Laws in 1992
l Modified Zanker: Thick plate, no honeycomb
Measurement & Control
Flow Straightener
Measurement & Control
Zanker PlateZanker Plate
Measurement & Control
Measurement & Control
Measurement & Control
Good Flow Conditions
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tion
of A
ctua
l CD
from
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock
.67ββ :
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tion
of A
ctua
l CD
from
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
67ββ : Two 90° Elbows in Perpendicular Planes 17 D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tion
of
Act
ual
CD
fro
m B
asel
ine
CD
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
.67ββ : Two 90° Elbows in Perpendicular Planes 29D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tion
of
Act
ual
CD
fro
m B
asel
ine
CD
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
.67ββ : Two 90° Elbows in Perpendicular Planes 45D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
.67ββ : 50% Closed Gate Valve 17D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tion
of A
ctua
l CD
fro
m B
asel
ine
CD
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
.67ββ : 50% Closed Gate Valve 29D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
.67ββ : 50% Closed Gate Valve 45D Meter Tube
Measurement & Control
Swirl Producing VaneSwirl Producing Vane
Measurement & Control
Swirl produced
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Distance from pipe wall (in)
Sw
irl a
ng
le (
deg
rees
)
Measurement & Control
.67β β : 17 D Meter Tube : 32° swirl
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f Act
ual
CD f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67ββ : 32º Swirl : 29D Meter Tube
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C D
fro
m B
asel
ine
C D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67ββ : 32º Swirl : 45D Meter Tube
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Zanker Plate Distance in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice Plate% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.40 ββ : 17 D Meter Tube : 32° swirl
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.40 ββ : 29 D Meter Tube : 32° swirl
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f Act
ual
CD fr
om
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.40 ββ : 45 D Meter Tube : 32° swirl
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 12 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67 ββ : 4" OFU: High Reynolds Number: Good Flow Condition
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tion
of
Act
ual
CD f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67 ββ : 8" OFU : Good Flow Condition
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tion
of
Act
ual
CD f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
3 O'Clock 9 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
4' OFU : .67b :Ceesi & Daniel Baselines
0.6
0.602
0.604
0.606
0.608
0.61
0.612
0.614
0.0E+00 5.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.5E+06 2.0E+06 2.5E+06 3.0E+06 3.5E+06
Pipe Reynolds Number
CD
CEESI Daniel RG Equa. +Uncert. -Uncert
Measurement & Control
Good Flow Conditions : 4" Hi RD & Low RD : 8 inch
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate from the Orifice Plate in Pipe Diameters
Dev
iati
on
of
Act
ula
CD
fro
m B
asel
ine
CD
Lo Rd Hi Rd +.23% -.23% 8 inch
Measurement & Control
.67 ββ : 8" OFU : 50% Closed Gate Valve : 17D Meter Tube
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
12 O'Clock 6 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67 ββ : 8" OFU : 50% Closed Gate Valve : 29D Meter Tube
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
12 O'Clock 6 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
.67 ββ : 8" OFU : 50% Closed Gate Valve : 45D Meter Tube
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Distance of Zanker Plate in Pipe Diameters from the Orifice
% D
evia
tio
n o
f A
ctu
al C
D f
rom
Bas
elin
e C
D
12 O'Clock 6 O'Clock Error Band
Measurement & Control
ConclusionsConclusions
l The three pairs of taps are not always all in tolerance
l The high swirl test requires better definition
l The Zanker Flow Conditioner has passed all the type approval tests
l This makes a reasonably priced non-proprietary flow conditioner available to the industry
Measurement & Control
ConclusionsConclusions
l Recommendation: - use 17D meter tube with conditioner 7.5D from the orifice plate, as this arrangement passed all tests
l The conditioner can be used as follows:l Beta up to 0.67
l with any disturbance
l in any pipe size
l with no upper limit on Reynolds Number