quality assurance project plan d'imperio property …
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SDMS Document
R-31-11-2-4 DI-7 -FII
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PLAN
D'IMPERIO PROPERTY SITE TOWNSHIP OF HAMILTON
ATLANTIC COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT NUMBER 03-2M21.0
VOLUME II
NUS PROJECT NUMBER 0703
MAY 1983
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NUS CORPORATON
Park West Two Cliff Mine Road Pittsburgh, PA 15275 412-788-1080
R - 3 1 - n - 2 - 4 D I - i - F I I
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROJECT PL^N
FEASIBILITY STUDY OF ALTERNATIVES
D'IMPERIO PROPERTY SITE TOWNSHIP OF HAMILTON
ATLANTIC COUNTY, NEW JERSEY
EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT NUMBER 03-2M21.0
VOLUME II
NUS PROJECT NUMBER 0703
MAY 1983
DISCLOSURE STATEMENT
This document contains proprietary information. The ideas or other information furnished in this document shall not be disclosed outside the United States Environmental Protection Agency or be duplicated, used, or disclosed whole or in part for any purpose other than to evaluate said document, provided that, if a work authorization is awarded to NUS Corporation as a result of or in connection with the submission of such ideas and data, the United States Environmental Protection Agency shall have the right to duplicate, use, or disclose data and technology provided in this document and from prior research of NUS Corporation to the extent provided in the work authorization and general contract.
SUBMITTED FOR NUS BY:
MARK J. DDV flAK NUS PROJECT MANAGER
APPROVED:
E. DENNTS ESCHER, P.E. ^
E. DENNIS ESCHER, P.E. MANAGER, REMEDIAL PLANNING
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CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1-1
2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2-1
3.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION 3-1
4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES 4 -1 4.1 MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES 4-1 4.2 OBJECTIVES FOR MEASUREMENT OF DATA 4-1
5.0 STANDARD OPERATION PROCEDURES 5-1 5.1 SAMPLING 5-1 5.2 SURVEYING PROCEDURES 5-15 5.3 MAGNETOMETRY 5-16 5.4 ORGANIC VAPOR DETECTORS 5-16
6.0 DOCUMENTATION AND CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY 6-1 6.1 EPA CONTRACT LABORATORIES (CLP-SMO) 6-16 6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORY SUBCONTRACTOR 6-16 6.3 GEOTECHNICAL LABORATORY SUBCONTRACTOR 6-16 6.4 SPECIAL REMEDIAL PLANNING LABORATORY STUDIES 6-17
7.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES, REFERENCES,
AND FREQUENCIES 7-1
8.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES 8-1
9.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION, AND REPORTING 9-1
10.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS AND FREQUENCY 10-1
11.0 PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEM AUDITS 11-1
12.0 DATA PRECISION, ACCURACY, AND COMPLETENESS 12-1
13.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION 13-1
14.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORTS TO MANAGEMENT 14-1
APPENDICES S 3
A REGIONAL REVIEW OF UNCONTROLLED WASTE SITE A-1 CONTRACT LABORATORY DATA PACKAGE S
M
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TABLES
NUMBER PAGE
4 - 1 QUAUTY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 4 -2 METALS AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS 4 -3 DFTPP KEY IONS AND ION ABUNDANCE CRITERIA 4 - 4 BFB KEY IONS AND ION ABUNDANCE CRITERIA 4 -5 SAMPLE OBJECTIVE CLASS SUMMARY
4-2 4 -3 4 -4 4 -5 4 - 8
5-1 COMPARISON OF THE OVA AND HNU
7-1 EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENT REQUIREMENTS
5-17
7-2
FIGURES
NUMBER PAGE
4 -1
5-1 5-2
6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-8 6-9 6-10
TAILING FACTOR CALCULATION
WELL MONITORING DATA SHEET MONITORING WELL AIR-LIFT SYSTEM
SAMPLE LOG SHEET SAMPLE LOG NOTEBOOK - TABLE OF CONTENTS NUS SAMPLE LABEL
-EPA TRAFFIC CONTROL LABORATORY LABELS SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION TAG CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY FORM ORGANICS TRAFFIC REPORT INORGANICS TRAFFIC REPORT HIGH HAZARD TRAFFIC REPORT EPA CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY SEAL
4-
5-5-
6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-6-
-6
-4 -7
-3 -4 -5 -7 -8 -10 -11 -12 -13 -15
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Quality Assurance Project Plan has been prepared for the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) prior to commencement of work at the
D'Imperio Property Site in Atlantic County, New Jersey. This plan is Volume II of
three volumes of project plans for the Feasibility Study of Alternatives, as
described in EPA Work Assignment No. 03-2M21.0.
The quality assurance program employed is based on the quality assurance manual
prepared for the REM/FIT project. The guidance contained in the manual will be
applied as required for the specific site situation. Portions of the quality assurance
anual are applicable to the work to be performed. m
This program complies with the EPA and NJDEP requirements for quality
assurance related to monitor ing and measurement activities and in addition
encompasses all project activity that may affect the quality of work. This program
contains, at a min imum, the guidelines presented in the EPA document "Interim
Guidelines and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance Plans" (QAM-005/80)
and New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) document
"Quality Assurance Project Management Plan."
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2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This project is to perform a remedial action feasibil ity study related to the
D'Imperio Property Site, in Atlantic County, New Jersey. This approximately one
acre site contains various chemical and organic wastes. The specific tasks that
wil l comprise the project are detailed in Volume I, Work Plan, Section 1.2.
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3.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION
The project organization is shown in Figure 2-1 of of the Work Plan.
The project manager wi l l be responsible for the project activities. Key project
disciplines are identif ied in the Work Plan. A Remedial Planning Office quality
assurance representative wil l provide day- to-day quality assurance support. All
quality assurance activities wil l be reviewed and monitored by the Manager of
Quality Assurance and Security in the Zone Project Management Office.
In carrying out their duties, the quality assurance personnel shall have access to all
work areas. They shall have the freedom to identify quality problems; initiate,
recommend, or provide solutions to quality problems through designated channels;
verify implementat ion of solutions; and ensure that further processing or action is
control led until proper disposit ion of unsatisfactory condit ions has occurred.
Quality assurance personnel shall have access to NUS corporate management at all
levels as required to resolve problems or coordinate quality concerns.
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4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES
4.1 Management Objectives
The objectives of this Quality Assurance Project Plan are as fo l lows:
• To maintain the evidentiary value of the data produced
• To ensure the integrity of the results of site investigations, laboratory
analysis, and technical reports
• To provide assurance that remedial designs and assessments are properly
prepared and reviewed
• To control the activity of subcontractors, consultants, and support
agencies or organizations to ensure that they maintain the same quality
standards applied to the NUS activities
4.2 Objectives for Measurement of Data
The quality of data generated by sampling, monitor ing, or analysis is defined in
terms of the fol lowing:
Accuracy. The degree of agreement of a measurement (or an average of
measurements of the same thing), X, with an accepted reference or true value, T,
usually expressed as the difference between the two values, X - T, or the
difference as a percentage of. the reference or true value, 100 (X -T)/T, and
sometimes expressed as a ratio, X/T. It is usually determined by spikes or standard
addition expressed as percent recovery. Table 4-1 shows the quantitative
objectives for the analytical parameters and various spikes or other calibration
checks and factors. These are based largely on acceptance criteria established by
EPA in the Contract Laboratory Program. The table is not all inclusive. Details of
acceptance criteria are given in the organic and inorganic analysis protocols and in
"Instructional Guide for Reviewing Contractor Laboratory Generateti Data."
4-1
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TABLE 4 - 1
QUALITY ASSURANCE OBJECTIVES ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Spikes
Parameters
Volatiles
Base/Neutrals
I K)
Acids
Pestlcldesi
Surrogates
70-130%^^^
40-1207o'^*
+ 207o^^^
(1) 30-100
+20%'^*
N/A<6)
+ 207o*^'
M a t f i K ( l )
Chlorobenzene 60-150
Toluene 40-190 Benzene 70-200
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 50-200 Acenaphthene 35-200 2,4-Dinltrotoluene 25-200 D i -n -bu ty l phthalate 50-180 Pyrene 50-150 N-N l t rosod i -n -
propylainine 20-100 1,4-dichlorobenzene 15-200
Pentachlorophenol 40-140 Phenol 50-200 2-chlorophenol 40-150 p -ch lo ro -m-c reso l 40-120 4-n l t rophenol 90-200
Heptachlor 70-150 Aldrin 80-150 Dieldrin 85-150
Relative Percent Difference
Duplicates
+ 15%
+50%
Blanks
< l / 2 MDL (4,5)
< l / 2 MDL (4,5)
+40% <1/2 MDL (4,5)
+40% <1/2 MDL (4,5)
DFTPP/BFB
See Tables 4-3 ar\d 4-4
Tailing factor calculation (See Figure 4-1) (GC column performance check
(1) Percent recovery (accuracy) (2) Standard deviation (precision) (3) Relative percent difference (RPD) (4) Minl inum detection l imit (MDL) (4,5) Corrections to sample value made if MDL is >1/2 and £1/2 sample value.
See analytical protocol for details (6) Surroijate for pesticides not available
DFTPP - deca f luoro tr iphenyl phosphine BFB - bromo f luoro benzene (mass spectrometer performance standards)
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TABLE 4 - 2
METALS AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Metals
Aluminum Chromium Barium Beryllium Cadmium
Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Nickel
Manganese Zinc Vanadium Boron Silver
Arsenic Ant imony Selenium Tin Thallium Mercury
Inorganic Compounds
Cyanide Sulfide Ammonia
(1) Percent (2) Standard (3) Relative (4) Minimurr
'ecove
Matrix Spikes* '
80-120 80-120 80-120 80-120 80-120
75-125 80-120 80-120 75-125 80-120
80-120 80-120 80-120 80-120 80-120
75-125 75-125 75-125 75-125 75-125 75-125
80-120 80-120 80-120
ry (accuracy) deviation (precision)
percent difference (RPD) 1 detection l imit (MDL)
(4,5) Corrections to sample value made
Expected RPD^"^' Duplicates
+20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30%
+20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30%
+20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30%
+20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30% +20-30%
+20-30% +20-30% +20-30%
if MDL is > l / 2 and <_1/2
Blanks
11/2MDLJJ'|| <1 /2MDL^ ' ^ <1 /2MDL^ ' ^ <1/2MDL '= _<1/2MDL^ ' ' ' '
11/2MDL|^ '^J <1/2MDL '= 1 1 / 2 M D L J ' ^ <1 /2MDL^ ' ^ _ < 1 / 2 M D L * '^^
<1/2MDLJ ' } <1/2MDL2 '^ <1 /2MDL^ ' ^ <1/2MDL J'^ _<1/2MDL* '^^
<1/2MDLJJ' } <1/2MDL*^'= <1 /2MDL^ ' ^ 11/2MDLJ'= 11/2MDLJ'^ <_1/2MDL*^'^'
<1/2MDL|J'^} <1/2MDL^ '= _<1/2MDL^ ' '
sample value. See analytical protocol for details
(6) Surrogate for pesticides not available
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TABLE 4 - 3
DFTPP KEY IONS AND ION ABUNDANCE CRITERIA
Mass Ion Abundance Criteria
51 30 to 60% of mass 198
68 Less than 2% of mass 69
70 Less than 2% of mass 69
127 40 to 60% of mass 198
197 Less than 1 % of mass 198
198 Base peak, 100% relative abundance
199 5 to 9% of mass 198
275 10 to 30% of mass 198
365 Greater than 1% of mass 198
441 Present, but less than mass 443
442 Greater than 40% of mass 198
443 17 to 23% of mass 442
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TABLE 4 - 4
BFB KEY IONS AND ION ABUNDANCE CRITERIA
Mass Ion Abundance Criteria
50 15 to 40% of the base peak
75 30 to 60% of the base peak
95 . Base peak, 100% relative abundance
96 5 to 9% of the base peak
173 Less than 2% of mass 174
174 Greater than 50% of the base peak
175 5 to 9% of mass 174
176 Greater than 95%, but less than 101% of 174
177 5 to 9% of mass 176
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4-5
BC TAIL ING FACTOR - ^
EXAMPLE CALCULATION: PEAK HEIGHT • OE - I tXknm 10% PEAK HEIGHT - BO - 10mm PEAK HEIGHT AT 10% PEAK HEIGHT - AC • 2 3 mm
A B " 11mm BC*> i a n m
12 THEREFORE: TAILING F A C T O R ^ - 1.1
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Precision. A measure of mutual agreement among individual measurements
of the same property, usually under prescribed similar condit ions. Precision
is best expressed in terms of the standard deviation. For most parameters,
the precision is calculated f rom the duplicate analyses. NUS expected
precision objective is * 20 percent of the amount present. However,
concentration levels very often determine the actual precision obtained.
Tables 4 -1 and 4-2 show a few precision values expected f rom replicate
analysis of organic, metal, and inorganic compounds.
Completeness. A checklist shown in the Appendix A review package provides
a means of determining data completeness.
Representativeness. For each type (groundwater, soil, waste, etc.) of sample
to be collected and analyzed, NUS wil l specify the "objective class" it
represents in Table 4-5 "Sample Objective Class Summary," in accordance
with the fol lowing classifications:
Class A. Only representative of the point of sampling. (Example - drum,
storage tank, tank car, single point within a stream, pond, or land area).
Class B. Sample is part of a set and represents a defined area or portion of
land or water - not just the pint of sampling. (Example - a lagoon or
stream transect, sampling grid of a pond or land area, underground aquifer,
etc.)
Class C. Sample represents a "causal relationship" between the source of
contamination and the location sampled. (Example - source and effluent,
source and monitor ing well, source and stream, source and waste lagoon,
etc.)
Class D. Non-representative sample. Sample is used for assessment ^ 2
purposes only. (Example - preliminary assessment, spot check.)
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TABLE 4 - 5
SAMPLE OBJECTIVE CLASS SUMMARY
Sampling Part
Total No. Samples
34 31 144
Existing Monitor ing
Wells NA B
NA
G roundwater
Shallow NA B
NA
New Monitor ing
Wells NA NA B
Stiallow B
NA NA
Soils
Test Pit NA NA B
Drilling NA NA B
Shallow B
NA NA
Wastes
Test Pits NA NA B
Open Containers
NA A A
Other
Sediments NA NA NA
Ponded Waters
NA A NA
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NA - Not Applicable
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Comparability. Data from this feasibility study may be compared to data
previously collected. If so, NUS will state the source of the data, method
used and the reporting units.
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5.0 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
Procedures to be used in the field include air, soi l , sediment, waste pile and
monitor ing well sampling, surveying, magnetometry, and organic vapor
measurement. Lab analyses wil l be required for soils, contaminated soils and
wastes, and water.
All field and laboratory procedures wil l be referenced where applicable, to
standard procedures established by the USEPA, ASTM, or equipment
manufacturers. In cases where published standards are not used, standard NUS
Quality Control Procedures (QCP) are outl ined or referenced. These procedures
are contained in the NUS Quality Control Procedures Manual, Apr i l 1983.
5.1 Sampling
The sampling and analyses plan is described in Section 5.4 of the Work Plan. A
summary of the sampling plan is shown below.
Sampling Plan Summary
Sample Source . Sampling Phase and No. of Samples Analytical
1 11 111
• Groundwater NA 29 15 EPA Contract Laboratory
• Soils/Sediments 26 NA 129 EPA Contract Laboratory
• Wastes 8 NA As Req'd Specific Testing for Laboratory Studies
• Air As Required On-site OVA/HNU
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Trip blanks and duplicate samples shall be taken based on the fo l lowing schedule:
• One "trip blank" per day for each water sample col lected, and
• One set of duplicate samples for every 20 samples collected for each type
of sample. If less than 20 samples are taken for any type of sample, a
min imum one duplicate shall be taken for that set.
Samples wil l be analyzed by the fol lowing sources:
Analytical Source Summary
Sample Source
• Groundwater wells • Wastes • Contaminated soils/sediments • Soils (Drilling and Test Pits)
Analytical Source
EPA contract laboratory EPA contract laboratory EPA contract laboratory EPA contract laboratory and special test ing for remedial laboratory studies
Analytical procedures are addressed in Section 8.0 of the Quality Assurance
Project Plan. The sample preservation and handling techniques employed are those
outlined by the "EPA User's Guide to the EPA Contract Laboratory Program"
unless as otherwise noted for soil samples which are described in a later subsection.
The Project Manager or Team Leader is responsible for determining that these
instructions are implemented, maintaining cha in-of -custody, and determining that
all sampling documents have been completed properly and are accounted for.
Samplers are responsible for collecting samples, initiating cha in-of -custody, traffic
reports, and the necessary sample documents as required. For the EPA Contract
Laboratory Program, the Sampling and Analysis Coordinator and/or SMO
Authorized Requester is responsible for arranging for sample bottle deliveries and
coordinating REMPO-SMO activities. The Project Manager or Team Leader is
responsible for providing sample containers for all non-CLP analyses and sampling
procedures for each sample source as described in the fo l lowing subsections:
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5.1.1 Groundwater Wells
Sampling procedures wil l be different for private wells, existing monitor ing wells,
and new monitor ing wells. Sample preservation and handling techniques will not
differ because of the groundwater type.
All well samples wil l be described by a moni tor ing well data sheet as shown on
Figure 5 - 1 . Not all the information shown can be obtained at all wells. Private
wells should be examined for water treatment systems to determine the degree of
sample disturbance. AlT of the information must be entered in the project log book
as well as the data sheet.
Wells must be bailed or pumped at least five well volumes before sampling.
Samples are taken after the wel l recharges to initial water depth. Wells which do
not recharge within 24 hours wil l be sampled at that t ime when sufficient water
has recharged and after well water depth is recorded. Care must be taken not to
disturb sediment at the bottom of the well when taking samples.
1. Measure the water level in the wel l using an M-scope or steel tape and
record the elevation at the top of the water surface.
2. Determine the submerged casing volume (standing water column) in the
wel l from the fol lowing equation:
V = 7Tr2h
Where:
V = volume
r = radius
h = standing water height as determined f rom dril l ing logs or actual
measurement.
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FIGURE 5-1
WELL MONITORING DATA SHEET
Waste Site Same _ _ _ ^ « _ _ _ ^ _ _ _ _ ^ _ _ Analyze for:
Waste Site Locatiotx
Well I.D.#
Sampler
Date and Time
Sample I.I).#
Well Depth
Water Depth
Casing Size
Volume Bailed
Recharge Wait
Depth Sampled
Sample Method
Vacuian Bailer Pressure Other
Sample Temperature «_____^______„
Preservation Method ^ M
Observations ___^___^_^__^__ "
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5-4 S
For example, A 30-foot drilled well wi th five feet of screen has a t w o -
inch casing wi th a nominal ID of 1.90 inch (4.83 cm). The standing water
level has been determined to be 10 feet or approximately 305 cm.
Therefore, the submerged casing volume (in cu cm and liters):
= 3.14(2.42)2305
= 5609 cu cm or 5.6 liters
3. Well purging methods wil l depend on the well location and wel l casing
diameter.
• Existing Monitoring Wells (1-1 /2" - 2" diameter)
Dedicated 1" diameter teflon or stainless steel bot tom loading bailers
wi l l be provided for each well. Five (5) casing volumes of water shall
be removed manually from each well using the dedicated bailer. The
bailer shall be inserted to the top of the standing water until it is
f i l led. The bailers should be emptied onto the surrounding ground
surface at least 10 ft f rom the well location.
If the standing water is less than 25 ft, the well might be purged using
a suction line and surface centrifugal pump. The suction lines wil l be
made of tef lon tubing and wil l be dedicated to each wel l to avoid
cross-contaminat ion.
• Private Wells
Well diameters and associated piping at private locations wil l vary. It
is not likely that access to the well casing is possible. Purging can be
accomplished by running the tap nearest the well for 5 minutes or
longer if required to sufficiently purge the system so a sample of the n
aquifer can be taken, if possible. The sample should be taken from the
continuously running tap after the purging period.
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- • New Monitor ing Wells (4" diameter)
Either dedicated bailers or air l ift pumps wil l be provided for purging
new monitor ing wells. A dedicated bailer wil l be provided with each
airlift pump for sample retrieval. Bailers shall be constructed of
teflon, or stainless steel and shall be bottom loading.
Figure 5-2 shows a typical air l ift system. The well head wil l have a
quick-disconnect coupling for the air input and a 1-1/2 or 2 inch
diameter discharge pipe for the water outlet. A fifteen (15) cfm air
compressor equipped wi th appropriate air cleaning filter system wi l l
be used to purge the well. The air lift discharge water should be
emptied into the surrounding ground surface at least 10 ft from the
well location.
4. When the wel l has recharged sufficiently, remove enough water with the
bailer to f i l l all sample bottles as provided. Add preservatives where
required. (Note: In the event that recovery t ime of the well is very s low
(e.g., 24 hours), attempts to collect samples immediately after bailing or
pumping can be delayed until the fol lowing day. If the wel l has been
bailed early in the morning, sufficient water may be standing in the wel l
by the day's end to permit sample collection. If the well is incapable of
producing a sufficient volume of sample at any t ime, take the largest
quantity available and record in the log book.
5. Label, tag, and number the sample bottle. Tape the lid on securely and
mark tape wi th date and collector's initials.
6. Replace wel l cap. Make sure well is readily indentifiable as the source of
the samples.
7. Pack samples for shipping as directed in NUS Quality Control Procedure
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(QCP) 13-1 . Attach custody seal to shipping package as described in o o M
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5-6 NJ
11/2" or 2 " 0 PVC OR STL. FEMALE SUPPORT-COUPLING
S"O.D. PVC FLA^GE W/-1 1/2" or 2" a HOLE AT t a I " SL OT
6 or 8" a STEEL CASING
I I
DISCHARGE PIPE I l / Z ' o r 2" i SCH. 40 PVC FLUSH JOINT OR STAINLESS STEEL
4 0 WELL CASING
• - . ' •
• i
MALE QUICK •DISCONNECT COUPLING
-4 0 PVC WELL CASING
•S" 0.0. PVC FLANGE
QUICK DISCONNECT COUPLING
S/8 OIA. HOLE
1 1/2" or 2" 0 DISCHARGE PIPE W/ FEMALE COUPLING
•1 /2 " RUBBER AIRLINE ( 7 / 8 " 0.0.) 2S0 PSI
. | /2"90*» PVC ELBOW, THREADED TO 4 " PVC ANO 1/2" BRASS AIR HOSE FITTING
AIR LINE INLET
BOTTOM OF WELL
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MONITORING WELL AIR LIFT PUMP ASSEMBLY
NOT TO SCALE 5-7
FIGURE 5 - 2
fflNUS I \ ^ CORPaRATTafSI
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Section 6.0. Make sure traffic reports and cha in-o f -custody forms are
properly fi l led out and enclosed or attached.
5.1.2 Soils
Soil samples shall be taken f rom test pits, test borings, and shallow hand augering
or excavation (less than 3 ft).
• Shallow Soils
The sampler to be used is dependent on soil type, depth of sample desired,
and homogeneity of soil. For loosely packed earth, scoops, t rowels, and
shovels can be used to collect representative samples. For densely packed
soils or deep soil samples, a soil auger is necessary.
1. Use a soil auger for deep samples or a scoop or trowel for surface
samples. Remove debris, rocks, twigs, and vegetation before
collecting 200-250 grams. Mark location wi th numbered stake if
possible.
2. Transfer 100-200 grams of sample to a 250-ml container. Attach
label, identif ication number, and tag. Record all required information
in field log book and on sample log sheet.
3. Store sampler in a plastic bag until decontaminat ion or disposal.
4. Tape lid on sample bottle securely and mark tape wi th date and sample
collector's initials.
5. Pack samples for shipping as directed in NUS QCP 13 -1 . Attach O
custody seal to shipping package. Make certain that traffic report and "^
chain-of -custody forms are properly filled out and enclosed or o o
attached. '- '
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• Test Soring Samples
Standard penetration tests shall be conducted at every change of strata
and within a continuous stratum at intervals not exceeding four feet
between the top of one sample, and the top of the next sample starting
f rom the ground surface unless directed otherwise by NUS. Subcontractor
dril l ing equipment shall be required for soil samples.
The sampler shall be driven with a guided hammer or ram into undisturbed
soil below the bot tom of the boring, after the boring has been cleaned to
remove all loose and foreign material. The sampler shall be a two inch
outside diameter spl i t -barrel sampler with an inside diameter of one and
three-eights inches. The inside of the split barrel shall be f lush with the
inside of the drive shoe. The use of other split barrels is permitted
provided NUS has inspected and approved the sampler. The dimensions of
the sampler shall conform to those shown in the Method for Penetration
Test and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils, ASTM Designation D1586-67
(1974).
The bottom of the sampler shall be sharpened to fo rm a cutt ing edge at
its inside circumference. The bevelled edge of the drive shoe shall be
maintained in good condit ion and, if excessively worn , shall be reshaped to
the satisfaction of the NUS inspector. The drive shoe of the sampler shall
be replaced if damaged in such a manner as to cause projections within
the interior surface of the shoe. Each drill rig shall be equipped with a
minimum of two drive shoes in good condit ion.
The sampler should be attached to rods with equal or greater stiffness
than the standard Diamond Core Drill Manufacturers Association
( D C D M A ) " A rods to depths of 50 ft, AW or B rods will be required for
The hammer or ram used to drive the two inch outside diameter sampler
shall weigh 140 pounds and shall fall freely through a height of 30 inches.
5-9
O greater depths. 2
o o
o 00 VO U l
The number of blows required to drive the sampler each six inches for a
total depth of 18 inches shall be observed and recorded. The record shall
clearly show the number of blows for each six inches of penetration.
Cumulative blows will not be accepted. In soils requiring 25 blows or
more per six inches of penetration, the sampler shall be driven 12 inches
and the number of blows for each successive six inches of penetration
shall be observed and recorded. In hard materials requiring more than 50
blows per six inches of penetration, the blows for smaller amounts of
penetration may be observed and recorded wi th special note of the
amount of penetration actually obtained. A penetration resistance of
more than 50 blows per six inches shall be considered as refusal.
Once the water table has been reached, particular care must be exercised
to maintain the hole ful l of water or at a level higher than the ground
water level preceding and during the standard penetration test. During
the removal of the washrods, chopping bit and assembly, and insertion of
the sampling barrel, a positive inf low of water at the top of the casing
shall be maintained.
Trap doors of the flap type protruding at any point into the inside
diameter of the sampler may not be used wi thout prior approval of NUS,
if requested, the Contractor shall furnish NUS wi th a complete
description of the sampler, giving inside and outside diameters, length of
barrel, and check valve used.
The sampler shall be fastened to its drive rod by a connection embodying
a check valve so arranged as to permit the ready escape of water
entrapped above the soil sample as the spoon is driven down into the soil,
but which wil l close as the soil sample and sampler are wi thdrawn, thus
preventing the development of hydraulic pressure on top of the soil
sample.
5-10
O M 2
o o
o oo VO
Immediately upon removal f rom the hole, the sampler shall be carefully
disassembled and the soil classified. The most representative and least
disturbed portion of the sample, measuring three inches in length shall be
placed wi thout ramming, immediately into an air t ight glass jar: Where a
change in strata occurs within the spoon sampler a sample of each
material shall be taken and placed in separate jars. The depth of the
change shall be recorded. The lid of each jar shall be securely fastened
and immediately dipped into liquid paraffin. Once sealed, the jar shall not
be opened by the Contractor. The jar shall be properly labeled as to
boring number, depths at both top and bot tom of sample, number of
sample, and number of blows for each six inches of penetration, or as
otherwise stipulated above. The project identif ication and date of
sampling shall be clearly shown on the label. If the length of sample
recovered is insufficient to provide a sample three inches long, the most
representative and least disturbed part of the soil sample shall be placed
in a glass jar. The length of sample, if less than three inches long, shall
be noted on the jar.
A spring type sample retainer installed in the tip of the sampler shall be
used when necessary to prevent loss of the sample. If the standard split
barrel sampler fails to recover a soil sample on the second trial, as in
granular soils, a sampler with flapper valve or sand trap, or other
approved device, shall be used to recover the sample.
The glass jars shall be at least three and one-half inches high,
approximately one and three-quarters inside diameter at the mouth, wi th
an inside diameter of the jar not more than a quarter of an inch larger
than that at the mouth. The jar shall be provided wi th metal screw caps
containing a rubber or waxed paper gasket.
The soil samples shall be turned over to NUS at the site, or shall be
shipped to the laboratory, as directed by the NUS inspector.
5-n
o M 2 o o
o 00 VO
At locations in the soil strata selected by the NUS inspector, undisturbed
soil samples shall be recovered by means of special p iston-type samplers.
All loose and disturbed materials shall be removed to the bot tom of the
casing or of the open boring before samples are taken. Cleaning out of
the last six inches above the intended top of the sample must be
accomplished so that the soil immediately below the bottom of the casing
shall be as nearly undisturbed as possible. The sampling device connected
to the dri l l ing rod shall then be lowered slowly to the bot tom of the hole
and the sampler forced into the soil for a distance of not less than 24
inches. If obstructions, such as gravel particles, prevent the insertion of
the .sampling tube, lengths of undisturbed soil samples less than 24 inches
wil l be permitted with approval of the NUS inspector.
Samples may be recovered in stiff soils by an open-type, th in-wal l
sampling device (Shelby Tube).
Tubes for undisturbed samples shall be provided by the Contractor, and
shall be 16 gage seamless brass, hard aluminum or steel, 30 inches in
length. If steel tubes are approved for use, they shall be of 16 or 18 gage
seamless steel properly cleaned and polished on the inside and fully coated
with lacquer on the outside. Sample tubes shall have a machine-prepared
sharp cutt ing edge with a flat bevel to the outside wall of the tube. The
cutting edge shall be drawn in to provide an inside clearance beyond the
cutting edge of 0.015 inches + 0.005 inches.
In the operation of securing the undisturbed samples, the sampler shall be
forced into the soil at a rate approved by the NUS inspector. The sampler
shall be pushed or jacked downward, and not be driven unless the
character of the soil is such that driving with the hammer is absolutely
necessary and is approved by NUS. O
The sampler with its contained soil sample shall remain in place for five
to thirty minutes, depending upon the nature of the material being
sampled, at which t ime the Contractor shall rotate thS" drill rod through
5-12
3
o o
o 00 VO 00
two complete revolutions or until the soil immediately below the sample
has sheared. The tube containing the sample shall then be carefully
removed f rom the boring and detached from the driving head, and the
sample shall not be extruded f rom the tube. The soil sample in the tube
shall be carefully squared at each end, not less than one-half inch back of
the ends of the tube, and both end spaces shall be completely filled wi th
hot wax. Wax seals are intended for samples for geotechnical analyses
only. Wax seals shall not be used on any samples intended for chemical
analyses. The ends of the tube shall be closed with snug f i t t ing metal
caps which shall be secured in place with adhesive or fr ict ion tape. The
ends of the tube shall be dipped in hot wax several t imes to provide an
ai r - t ight seal.
Undisturbed soil samples shall be clearly, accurately and permanently
marked to show the number of the hole, the number of the sample, the
depth from which the sample was taken, the measured recovery and any
other information which may be helpful in determining subsurface
condit ions. Whenever possible, a measurement of the force required to
push the undisturbed sample tube into the soil shall be obtained and
recorded,
• Test Pits
Test pit soil samples will be taken for waste analyses and special
laboratory testing. Samples will be taken by using the bucket of the
backhoe excavation equipment. Care should be taken to retrieve a
representative sample from the bot tom of the excavation. Soil fall ing
f rom the top edge or sides of the excavation must be removed prior to
sampling. The location and depth of the sample must be noted in the log
book.
Sample quantity, handling, and shipping will vary depending on the sample
final disposit ion. Soils sampled for waste analyses will be collected f rom
5-13
O M
2
o o
o 00 vb VO
the equipment bucket, handled, containerized and shipped in accordance
wi th the procedures outlined in Section 5.1.3.
Samples taken for laboratory test ing will be stored on-s i te in a secure
area until commencement of special test ing studies as part of the
remedial planning phase of the project. Approximately 50 pounds of
sample shall be taken f rom the equipment bucket by shovel and
transferred to a 10 gallon metal bucket wi th locking lid. The bucket shall
be labeled securely and marked wi th date, sample location, and sample
collector's initials. The bucket wi l l be placed in a polyethylene bag and
relabeled for storage on-si te.
5.1.3 Waste Piles, Sludges and Sediments
Piles of waste usually vary in size and composi t ion. Use scoops or t rowels to
obtain small discrete samples of homogeneous piles. Layered or non-homogeneous
piles require the use of tube samplers or tr iers to obtain cross-sect ional samples.
Sludge samples and sediments can usually be collected by bucket or long-handled
dipper. If the sludges or sediments are relatively dense, waste pile samplers or
tr iers may be used.
1. Collect at least three small, equal-sized samples f rom several points on
the waste surface or the sludge or sediment deposit ion area. If possible,
mark the location with a numbered stake. Otherwise, locate sample
points on a sketch of the site. Deposit sample port ions in a clean, half-
gallon, wide, mouthed jar. Carefully stir portions together into one
composite.
2. Transfer 100 to 200 grams of composite sludges f rom the half-gal lon jar
to a 250-ml sample bottle. Attach label identif ication number and tag.
Record all necessary information in the f ield log book and on sample log
sheet.
3. Store sampler and jar in a plastic bag until decontaminatton or disposal.
O M
2
o o
o o
5-14 o
4. Tape lid on sample bottle securely and mark tape with date and sample
collector's initials.
5. Pack samples for shipping as directed in NUS QCP 13-1 . Attach custody
seal to shipping package. Make certain that traffic report and chain-of -
custody forms are properly filled out and enclosed or attached.
5.2 Surveying Procedures
The surveying procedures wil l fo l low acceptable methods and techniques currently
being used in the industry.
Land surveying practices will be involved in the f ield survey necessary to provide
ground control; establish boundary lines; and locate sample points, test pits and
monitor ing wells.
A random traverse of the site vicinity area wil l be run requiring a relative error of
traverse closure of 1 in 10,000 or better. Distance measurements between two
points shall be recorded to the nearest 0.01 of a foot . Distance measurements shall
be taken twice on the main traverse and recorded separately. Either the distance
measurement shall be taken f rom both directions or as on side control points shall
be measured wi th different vertical angles. Temperature and atmospheric pressure
shall be recorded daily. Periodic checks on electronic measurements shall be made
by chaining at least once in each survey activity on a typical line.
Angular measurements shall be made wi th equipment capable of reading to the
nearest twenty seconds or less. The angle precision of four seconds per stations
shall be required per setup with three direct read sightings. Side control points
shall be located with five direct read sightings. All readings shall be recorded and
the average used in determining accuracy. O M 2
Leveling rod measurements shall be taken on the main traverse in both directions
either by level rod measurement or by vertical angle measurement capable of
reading to the nearest twenty seconds or less. The vertical angle measurement
5-15
o o
o
o
shall be direct read, two sightings per setup. All readings shall be recorded and the
average used in determining accuracy. The angle precision of four seconds per
sighting shall be required. Level closure wil l require a relative error of 1 in 20,000
or better.
Instrument calibration for the theo-dol i te and electronic distance measuring (EDM)
equipment vvill be done on an annual maintenance schedule in accordance wi th
manufacturer's directions.
5.3 Magnetometry
Operating procedures, calibration methods, and data reduction procedures for the
EDA PPM-350 Omnimag Series magnetometer can be found in the EDA Instruments
Inc., 29 June 1981 Operations Manual. The magnetometer wi l l be run at the p re
determined grid spacing established in the site survey.
5.4 Organic Vapor Detectors
Organic vapor readings shall be taken during sampling of all monitor ing wells and
shallow soils, drilling of monitor ing wells, and excavation of test pits. The Century
organic vapor analyzer (OVA) shall be the primary detection instrument. The HNU
system photoionizer shall be used to check OVA readings and serve as backup
detection instrument. The two instruments differ in their modes of operation and
in the number and types of compounds they detect (see Table 5-1).
The OVA can be operated in 2 modes. In the survey mode, it will determine the
approximate concentration of all detectable species in air. With the gas
chromatograph opt ion, individual components can be detected and measured
independently. The OVA will be operated primarily in the GC mode.
In the GC mode, a small sample of ambient air is injected into a chromatographic M
column and carried through the column by a stream of hydrogen gas. Contaminants o
wi th different chemical structures are retained on the column for different lengths o • - •
of t ime (known as retention times) and hence are detected sepafately by the flame o
o 5-16
MONZTORIIS: mSTRDMENTS TABLE 5-1
COMPARISON OF THE OVA AND HNU
Paranatar OVA HMU
Response
Applicatrlon
Responds to oai^ organic gases aad vapors .
In survey node, de t ec t s t o t a l concentra t ions of gases and vapors . Zn SC node, i d e n t i f i e s axid asasures s p e c i f i c confounds.
Responds to many organic and some inorganic gases and vapors .
Zn survey node, de t ec t s t o t a l concentrat ions of gases amd vapors . Soma i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of compotinds possiJale i f more than one probe i s used.
Detector Plane i on i za t ion de t ac to r
Limita t ions Does not respond to inorganic gases and vapors . No tempera tu re c o n t r o l .
CaliJbration gas Methane
Ease of Requires experience to i n t e r -operat ion p r e t c o r r e c t l y , e s p e c i a l l y
in SC mode.
Photoionizat ion de t ec to r
Does not respond to methane. Does not det e c t a compound i f probe has a lower energy than compound's ion iza t ion p o t e n t i a l .
Benzene
Fa i r ly easy to use and . i n t e r p r e t .
Detect ion Uml t s
0.1 ppm (methane) 0.1 ppm (benzene)
Response time 2-3 sec (survey mode) 3 sec for 90% of t o t a l concentrat ion
Maintenance Pe r iod ica l ly clean and inspec t Clean UV lamp fr«
Useful range
Service l i f e
p a r t i c l e f i l t e r s , valve r i n g s , and burner chamber. Chec)c c a l i b r a t i o n and pumping system for l e a k s . Recharge ba t t e ry a f t e r e a ^ u s e .
0-1000 ppm
8 hr; 3 hr with s t r i p cha r t recorder .
quent ly . Chedc c a l i bra t ion r egu l a r l y . Recharge ba t t e ry a f t e r each use .
0-2000 ppm
10 hr; 5 hr with s t r i p "chart recorder .
O M 2
o o
o o 00
5-17
ionization detector. A strip chart recorder can be used to record the retention
t imes, which are then compared to the retention times of a standard with known
chemical constituents. The sample can be injected into the column either f rom the
air-sampl ing hose or directly f rom a gas- t ight syringe.
The OVA is internally calibrated to methane by the manufacturer. When measuring
methane, it indicates the true concentration. In response to all other detectable
compounds, however, the instrument reading may be higher or lower than the true
concentrat ion. Relative response ratios for substances other than methane are
available. To interpret the readout correctly, it is necessary either to make
calibration charts relating the instrument readings to the t rue concentrat ion or to
adjust the instrument so that it reads correctly. This is done by turning the 10-
turn, gas-select knob, which adjusts the response of the instrument. The knob is
normally set at 300 when calibrated to methane. Secondary calibration to another
gas is done by sampling a known concentration of gas and adjusting the gas select
knob until the instrument reading equals the true concentrat ion.
The OVA has an inherent l imitation in that it can detect only organic molecules.
Also, it should not be used at temperatures lower than abou t 40°F because gases
condense in the pump and column. It has no temperature control , and since
retention t imes vary with ambient temperatures for a given column, absolute
determinations of contaminants are difficult.
The HNU System portable photoionizer detects the concentrat ion of organic gases
as well as a few inorganic gases. Three probes, each containing a different UV
light source, are available for use with the HNU. Energies are 9.5, 10.2 and 11.7
eV. All three detect many aromatic and large-molecule hydrocarbons. The 10.2-
and 11.7 eV probes, in addition, detect some smaller organic molecules and some
halogenated hydrocarbons. The 10.2-eV probe is the most useful for environmental
response work, as it is more durable than the 11.7-eV probe and detects more
compounds than the 8.5-eV probe.
The primary HNU calibration gas is benzene. The span potent iometer is turned to
O M 2
o o
9.8 for benzene calibration. A knob setting of zero increases t h e sensitivity tO" o o
5-18
benzene approximately tenfold. As wi th the OVA, the instrument's response can be
adjusted to give more accurate readings for specific gases and eliminate the
necessity for calibration charts.
While the primary use of the HNU is as a quantitative instrument, it can also be
used to detect certain contaminants, or at least to narrow the range of
possibil i t ies. Noting instrument response to a contaminant source w i th different
probes can eliminate some contaminants f rom consideration. For instance, a
compound's ionization potential may be such that the 9.5-eV probe produces no
response, but the 10.2- and 11.7-eV probes do elicit a response. The HNU does not
detect methane.
All OVA and HNU readings should be reported in the field log books.
Concentrations should be reported in te rms of the calibration gas and span
potent iometer knob or gas-select knob sett ing.
5-19
O M 2
o o
o >u o on
o M 2 O o
o o
6.0 DOCUMENTATION AND CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY
The possession and handling of samples wil l be traced from the source to the final
disposit ion of the sample. The Project Manager or Team Leader is responsible for
determining that cha in-of -custody procedures are implemented. Field samplers are
responsible for initiating the cha in-o f -cus tody form, preferably after samples are
decontaminated, and maintaining custody of samples until they are relinquished to
another custodian, to the shipper or to the common carrier. The analytical source
wi l l determine the documentat ion and the cha in-o f -cus tody procedure. Four (4)
categories of analytical sources have been identi f ied:
EPA Contract Laboratories - Sample Management Office (SMO)
Environmental Laboratory Subcontractor
Geotechnical Laboratory Subcontractor
Special Remedial Planning Laboratory Studies (NUS)
Most of the forms and documents have been control led and wi l l bear a sequential
serial number, standardized to provide consistency. The documentat ion for each
sample will include most to all of the fo l lowing:
1. NUS Sample Log Sheet, Table of Contents, and Notebook (controlled)
2. NUS Field Logbook (controlled)
3. NUS Sample ID Label
4. Traffic Report Label (SMO)
5. Sample ID Tag (controlled)
6. Chain-of-Custody Record (controlled)
7. Traffic Report Forms (SMO)
8. Custody Seal
9. Shipping Documents (carrier)
10. Photographs O M 3 o o
o o -J
6-1
Sampling Log Sheet and Table of Contents
A Sample Log Sheet is an 8-1 /2" x 11" notebook page which is used to record
specified types of data while sampling. Figure 6-1 is an i l lustration of a Sample
Log Sheet. The data recorded on these sheets is useful in describing the waste
source and the sample (if obtained) as well as pointing out any problems
encountered during sampling.
The Table of Contents form is an 8-1/2" x 1 1 " notebook page on which entries are
made as the completed Sample Log Sheets are placed in a three-r ing binder.
Figure 6-2 is an example of the Table of Contents form. This fo rm facilitates
quick reference to the Sample Log Sheets contained in the notebook and remains in
the notebook at all t imes.
Field Log Book
A field log book is a hard-bound notebook with numbered pages in which all
pertinent information (data, observations, phone calls, etc.) is entered. One field
log book is maintained per site. This log book is issued to the Project Manager for
the life of the project. In addition, log books may be issued to other f ield personnel
(including samplers) and designate the types of information which are to be
entered. A Document Custodian (DC), appointed by the REMPM, numbers all log
books, and records the transfer of other log books to individuals designated. All
project log books are to be turned over t o the DC and to a central file at the
complet ion of the particular field activity.
NUS Sample Identif ication Label
The Sample Identification Label is a 2" x 4 " white label wi th black lettering and an O
adhesive backing. Figure 6-3 is an example of an NUS Sample Identification Label. M
This label must be attached to the sample bottle just prior to obtaining that o
sample. Blank labels may be obtained from the DC when needed. o
M
O
o 00
6-2
SAM7I.Z HMIDLINS
FIGURE 6-1
SAMPLE LOG SHEET
Preiaet Sit t N O I M :
E.P.A. Prei«et S i t * NumMr: .
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6-3
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FIGURE 6-2
SAMPLE LOG NOTEBOOK - TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAMPLE (TC>Q£2 1 D A S SAHSLZH [ SAMPLE NAME | PAOS N O .
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6-4
SAMPLE SOIDLIMG
FIGURE 6-3
NUS SAMPLE LABEL
CTKut MM net aoaBM 'rmauoKM. a a Client NamflL_
SAMPLE #
Date Sampled—
Client Sample # .
Sample Sourc8_
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6-5
A sample identif ication label must be attached to each sample bott le which
contains a sample. The label must be attached to the bottle just prior to pouring,
thieving, etc., the sample into the bottle. In addition, the label should be covered
with clear plastic tape to ensure that the label does not peel off or become
damaged. The only information which need be recorded on the NUS Sample
Identif ication Label is the NUS Sample Number under the heading "Sample Source."
The NUS Sample Number is the number assigned to the waste source under
inspection and any samples taken f rom it.
Traffic Report Label
The Traffic Report Label is a prenumbered, 1-1/2" x 1/2" whi te label with black
lettering and an adhesive backing. Figure 6 -4 provides examples of several Traffic
Report Labels. This label must be attached to the sample bott le prior to shipping
it to the designated laboratory. Traffic Report Labels come attached to the
Traffic Reports. Any unused labels must be returned to the DC and eventually to
EPA's Sample Management Office (SMO).
The number which appears on a Traffic Report Label is the number which also
appears in the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic Report. In addition to the
number, each label contains a designation as to the type of analysis to be
performed (VOA, etc.) or as to preservation of the sample (preserved, n o n -
preserved, etc.). Use the appropriate label as the situation may require. No
additional information need be entered on the label.
Sample Identif ication Tag
The Sample Identification Tag is a 6" x 2 -1 /2 " heavy paper tag with a wire fastener
which is attached to the top of a sample bot t le prior to shipping. An example of a
Sample Identif ication Tag is presented in Figure 6-5. In conjunction with the
sample labels, these tags serve to identify the sample. Blank tags may be obtained
f rom appropriate EPA Region when needed. These tags are "control led" documents
as defined previously.
6-6
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SAMPLE HAN0LZM6
FIGURE 6 - 4
EPA TRAFFIC CONTROL LABORATORY LABELS
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6-7
SAMPLE HANDLING
FIGURE 6-5
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6-8
Chain-of-Custodv Record
The Chain-of-Custody Record is an 8-1/2" x 11 " printed form which accompanies a
sample or group of samples as it is transferred from person to person. Figure 6-6
is an il lustration of a Chain-of-Custody Record. This record documents custody
transfer f rom person to person. Chain-of-Custody Record is a "control led"
document (as defined earlier). Blank forms may be obtained f rom the appropriate
EPA Region when needed.
Traffic Reports
A Traffic Report is an 8-1 /2" x 11" preprinted, prenumbered fo rm which is provided
by EPA's Sample Management Office (SMO). These forms are part of EPA's sample
tracking system and are used to trace the shipment of samples for laboratory
analysis. Presently, these forms are of three types, "Organics," "Inorganics," and
"High Hazard," as shown on Figures 6-7, 6-8, and 6-9. The "Organics" and
"Inorganics" forms are used to document and identify the col lection of low- and
medium-concentrat ion samples for organic and inorganic analysis, whereas the
"High Hazard" form is for h igh-concentrat ion samples. Traffic Reports are
"controlled documents" that are maintained by the DC.
The sampler completes a Traffic Report for each sample that is to be shipped for
laboratory analysis. For the most part, the information requested on these forms is
self-explanatory and the instruct ions sufficiently clear that a detailed procedure
for fill ing them out is not warranted.
Sampling personnel should be careful to use the proper traffic report fo rm for each
sample collected. Environmental samples mus t always be submitted on the regular
organics or inorganics traffic report, while most hazardous wastes require use of
the high-hazard traffic report. The regular traff ic report forms ask the sampler to
indicate low or medium concentration. Environmental samples (groundwater,
streams, offsite ditches, springs, or wells, as well as offsite soil samples) are
classified as low concentration. The most likely medium concentration sources are o
leachate collection pools, onsite impoundments and onsite ditches'. Soils from spoil o
H 2
6-9 o
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SAMPLE HANDLING FIGURE 6-6
CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY FORM
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1 s
1 •-
* a
i
•2
1
j
& s S 1 i s
1 ^ s o
s
1 1 ^ ^
1 ^ s
1
i 1
o
1
1 i 1 •3
1 3
e
m
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1
1 I a
f > •
1
! 1
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i 2 • Q
1
1 > •
1
i
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1 « •
•
1 d f
i z S
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(T\
6-10
O C a s e N u n i b e r
<ximple Sile Name/Ccxk:
© R e c p a n d Office:
{Name)
(Fhcne)
SomplincjDatB;
(Begin} (End)
©Sh^ipmglnfonnntinn
NamedShipper
Date Slipped;
Aiiril Number.
0 SnmrlftType: (CheckOne
Pi n Off
)
, Wdl
1-,r4v*.
0 Made Vdume Level csiSaaqaleBoifle
Exhudnhlw
ExtrndnHe
VOAUnpreserved
VOA Uzipxeseived (DupEcate)
Dote Sampled
•
^ DesaipticD of Sample Lcxntion:
FIGURE 6-7
ORGANICS TRAFFIC REPORT
( B ) SpecidHandlmglnstrudiar (e,g, asfRt/precoutcns, hazardou:
IS:
snoiuie)
6-11
0 Sbjpla
Attn:
R ^ ^ H ^ 9 ^ ^ ^
jrf£?v^iirf7| x^'^^'it^i^ii^r^^Bi
g ^H ^ ^
^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^3 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ s s ^B S1^5h£^3^^5?^
^^^^f^ ^ ^ ^
Bn o H 2
o o M
o
FIGURE 6-8
INORGANICS TRAFFIC REPORT
^J ^
^5LXNVmONMENT3a:T5^^
IlNOKaNICS^lBAEnCREPQB^ Sample Nu
(T)CaseNtjmber SnTTipV Sie Name/Code:
© 2 J Sample Type: (Check One) RunOfi Wdl Water Receiving Water Leodiote ESuezit Other
(T)Sfcq3To:
(spedfy)
( ? ) RegkocdOffic
Sampling Personnel;
(Name)
(Phone)
Sampling E>ate:
(Begin) (End)
V 5 i ^ S p ' l M ^ r n ^ InI^^TTf Y l i I ' 'TIT
Nome Of Shqsper
Date Shipfjwj',
Aiim Number.
r 6 J TVm 'li^stirrnnit S( i i n p l g T i t t illi in
MATCHES ORGANICS SAMPLE N O ,
QMoik VnViTmA T .qwil O n S r t m p l i a Rcittlft
E>ateSan7iied
Taskl&2
Ta^3 Ammonia&TOC Fluodde&pH Sulfide Cvonide.
SMocrpy
6-12
DIM 001 0418
FIGURE 6-9
HIGH HAZARD TRAFFIC REPORT
Sampie Number
FIELD SAMPLE RECORD
) CaseNinnber:
Sample Site NameATode:
0 Field Sait^>le Description: __E)rum •
Aqueous Liquid Sudge
— Solid __a _Othsr
0ShipTa
Attn:
O Sair^ling Office: CD Known or Suspected Hazards:
Sampling Peasonnel:
(name)
(phone)
Sampling Date:
(begin) (end)
^ Shipping Lnfozmation:
(name d carrier)
(date shipped)
0 Prepai^tions Requested" (chedc bebw)
Sample Volume: ______ Organics
_ Volatile (Dnganics _ Ba^/Neufral Add,
ICDD _Pestiddes,PCB
Inorganics _ Total Metals
Total Mercury Strong Add Aniens
(airoill number)
(§) Sample Locatian:
A 5152
^ 5152
^ 5152
A 5152
A 5152 C3
O
o l) Special Handling Instructions:
6-13
SMO Copy
banks or adjacent to onsite storage areas are also likely to have medium
concentrat ion of pollutants.
Custody Seal
A Custody Seal is a 1" x 3" white paper label with black lettering on an adhesive
backing. Figure 6-10 is an example of a Custody Seal. The Custody Seal is part of
the chain-of -custody process and is used to prevent tampering with samples after
they have been collected in the field. Custody Seals are provided by EPA Regions
and are distributed by the DC on an as-needed basis.
Shipping Documents
A shipping document, bill of lading, etc., wil l have to be completed for each
shipment of samples. These forms will be provided by the carrier at the t ime of
shipment. Complete the form as directed and be sure to include the appropriate
sample identif ication numbers (NUS Sample Source Number and Traffic Report '
Numbers). This form also provides certif ication to the carrier that the samples are
identif ied, packaged, and presented for shipment in accordance with DOT
regulations. The bill of lading or airbill number should be entered in the chain-of -
custody form.
Photographs
When movies, slides, or photographs are taken which show the site or any
monitor ing locations, they are numbered to correspond to log book entries. The
name of the photographer, date, t ime, site location, site description, and weather
condit ions are entered in the log book as photos are taken. A series entry may be
used for rapid sequence photographs. The photographer is not required to record
the aperture settings and shutter speeds for photographs taken within the normal
automatic exposure range. However, special lenses, f i lms, fi lters, and other
image-enhancement techniques must be noted in the log book. If possible, such
techniques should be avoided, since they can adversely affect the admissibi l i ty of
photographs as evidence. Chain-of-custody procedures depend-upon the subject
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SAMPLE BAKDI.ING
FIGURE 6-10
EPA CHAIN-OF-CUSTOOY SEAL
^•^«par4. CUSTODY SEAL
% f^^gf^ Signature
o HI
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6-15
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matter, type of f i lm, and the processing it requires. Film used for aerial
photography, confidential information, or criminal investigations require cha in-of -
custody procedures. Adequate log book notations and receipts may be used to
account for routine f i lm processing. Once developed, the slides or photographic
prints shall be serially numbered corresponding to the log book descriptions and
may be labeled.
6.1 EPA Contract Laboratories (CLP-SMO)
Samples for the CLP-SMO are classified as either environmental or hazardous
wastes. Environmental samples include groundwater, surface water, seeps, and soil
samples. Hazardous wastes include sludges, container samples, liquids, and highly
contaminated soils. Special services wil l be requested for analyses not presently on
the CLP-SMO menu. These might include geotechnical analyses or non-standard
chemicals.
All ten (10) documentation items must be fol lowed, as appropriate, for sample
handling and shipping to the contract laboratory.
6.2 Environmental Laboratory Subcontractor
Environmental laboratory services will be subcontracted for special analyses not
obtainable from the CLP-SMO. Sample documentat ion and chain-of -custody
procedures will be provided to all personnel should environmental lab subcontracts
be awarded.
6.3 Geotechnical Laboratory Subcontractor
Geotechnical laboratory services wil l be subcontracted for special analyses not
obtainable f rom the CLP-SMO. This might include soil grain size distr ibution,
Atterburg limits, permeability, and consolidation. Sample documentat ion and
chain-of -custody procedures wil l be provided to all personnel should geotechnical
lab subcontracts be awarded.
6-16
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6.4 Special Remedial Planning Laboratory Studies
NUS will perform special laboratory studies on samples as part of the remedial
planning work phase (see Task 17 of Work Plan). Samples of groundwater,
contaminated soils and wastes might be taken.
The first six (6) documentat ion items, less the SMO traffic report label (item 4),
wi l l apply for special laboratory study samples. These samples wil l be stored o n -
site and placed in a secure location. The samples wil l be shipped by NUS vehicle to
an NUS laboratory for further study. Chain-of-custody records wil l be maintained
throughout sample history.
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7.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES, REFERENCES, AND FREQUENCIES
Equipment will be calibrated in accordance wi th manufacturer's recommendations.
If equipment calibration procedures are extremely complex, outside calibration
services may be employed. In these situations, the quality assurance requirement
for procurement of service organizations will be implemented.
The equipment and instrument requirements are listed in Table 7-1 and in NUS
QCP 12-1 .
Records of calibration will be maintained.
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TABLE 7-1
EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENT REQUIREMENTS
1. EDM Theodolite (Topcon DM-C2)
2. Magnetometer (EDA Omnimag PPM-350)
3. Century Organic Vapor Analyzer (OVA 128)
4. HNU System Photoioniztion Detector (PI 101)
5. Oxygen Meter (MSA 254R)
6. Expiosimeter (MSA 2A)
7. Geiger Counter (Victoreen V-490)
(Eberiine E-120)
8. Photovac GC (10A10)
9. Bison Resistivity Meter (2350)
10. pH Meter (Orion 301)
n . Alt imeter (APS-M1)
12. Spectrophotometer (Hach DR EL/4)
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8.0 ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
The current scope of the work plan does not include NUS performing laboratory
services. When laboratory services are required, appropriate quality assurance
requirements will be included.
The analytical procedures employed are determined by the substances involved.
Standard operating procedures (SOP) are generally used in environmental data
col lect ion. Most have received EPA approval as published in "Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes." Addit ional suitable reference sources for
analytical procedures are:
"User's Guide to the EPA Contract Laboratory Program" prepared by Sample
Management Office, August 1982.
"Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater," American
Public Health Association.
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9.0 DATA REDUCTION, VAUDATION, AND REPORTING
Data analysis wi l l be based on logical and systematic procedures using acceptable
engineering methods, and will be documented. Preliminary or informal analysis or
calculations may be performed by one or more or originators, and because of their
preliminary or informal nature need not be completely checked but may only be
reviewed by the supervisor. All preliminary or informal analyses or calculations
must be uniquely defined as such.
NUS wil l specify the criteria, l imits, and specif ications to be used to validate data
generated by the contractor laboratories other than CLP. Valid data will be
reported to the EPA via hard copy in the form of Summary Reports. If data
validation is not performed by NUS and by another organization such as EPA's
Edison Laboratory, the above does not apply. The data wil l be stored in a computer
data base program.
The source document status must be identified in any report, or other studies or
calculation in which it is being used as input. Data analysis wil l be legible and in a
form suitable for reproduction and fi l ing. Analyses wil l be sufficiently detailed and
in a format such that they may be reviewed or verified wi thout recourse to the
originator. The originator, subject, data and the specific data used in the analyses
will be identif ied. Data analysis will be reviewed by qualified individuals other
than those performing the analysis. The method of analysis used wil l provide for
the review and documentation of consistency and defensibil ity of all references,
technical concepts, methods, assumptions, calculations and conclusions.
9-1
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10.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS AND FREQUENCY
The current scope of the work plan does not include NUS performing laboratory
services. When laboratory services are required, appropriate quality assurance
requirements will be included.
To maintain confidence in the results of laboratory analysis, quality control checks
wi l l be employed. Their specific usage is dependent upon the substances involved.
All quality control checks employed are based upon nationally recognized
procedures. During the project, procedures outl ined by the EPA will be employed,
as applicable.
The CLP Users Guide describes ail quality control procedures used in central
laboratory operations. These procedures include the use of
Replicates Blanks
Spiked samples Split samples
Quality control samples Surrogate samples
The frequency of the quality control checks varies in accordance with the
complexity of the measurement technique involved. Customarily, every twentieth
sample or one f rom every case of bottles includes a duplicate for a given set of
parameters to prepare the data and statistics needed for laboratory control charts.
Spiked samples are also prepared and analyzed to determine accuracy or bias.
Procedures for NUS QA review of analytical data have been prepared and are
available for use.
10-1
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n . o PERFORMANCE AND SYSTEMS AUDITS
The effectiveness of quality assurance techniques and their implementat ion can be
evaluated through audits. Project activities will be audited by the Manager of
Quality Assurance and Security. The overall quality assurance program is audited
periodically by other NUS organizations.
NUS will perform performance and system audits internally on some periodic basis,
usually twice a year. Audits are documented via an audit (quality) notice to the
responsible organization audited. Details are given in the Superfund Division QA
Manual.
Audits are performed on the basis of wr i t ten checklists or lists of questions
prepared prior to the audit. During the conduct of the audit, each item on the list
is marked as to satisfactory, unsatisfactory, not applicable, or not audited.
Checklists wil l include such items as equipment calibration and maintenance,
documentat ion, record keeping, reporting, chain-of-custody, standard operating
procedures, and non-conformances and corrective actions.
Quarterly analyses of standard samples and review of all laboratory documentat ion
wi l l be performed by EPA.
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12.0 DATA PRECISION, ACCURACY, AND COMPLETENESS
The current scope of work plan does not include NUS performing laboratory
services. When laboratory services are required, appropriate quality assurance
requirements wil l be included.
NUS wil l verify that any contract laboratories used employ a quality assurance
program. Included in the laboratory quality assurance procedures wi l l be the
specific routine procedures used to assess data precision, accuracy, and
completeness. They are related to the quality assurance objectives; techniques for
data reduction, validation, and reporting; and internal quality control checks
discussed above.
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13.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION
Corrective actions arise from surveillance of activit ies, procurement of services
and supplies or other qual i ty-af fect ing operations in a project. A non-conformance
report (NCR) is submit ted to NUS management detail ing the non-conformance and
giving a corrective action with a schedule for implementat ion. Details are given in
the Superfund Division QA Manual.
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14.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORTS TO MANAGEMENT
Each month, the project Quality Assurance Representative shall forward to the
Project Manager, and the Zone Deputy Project Manager, and the Manager of
Quality Assurance and Security a report summarizing the quality assurance and
quality control status for the project and any condit ions adverse to quality. Topics
to be included in the monthly report are as fo l lows:
• Assessment of data accuracy, precision, and completeness
• Results of any performance audits
• Results of system audits
• Any non-conformances initiated
• Any significant quality assurance problems, together with recommended
solutions
The monthly reports will be compiled into quarterly and annual reports.
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APPENDIX A
REGIONAL REVIEW OF UNCONTROLLED WASTE SITE CONTRACT LABORATORY DATA PACKAGE
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REGIONAL REVirW Of UNCONTROLtn) HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE CONTRACT LABORATORY DATA PACKAGE
TO: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency CASE NO, Sample Management Office (SHO) ^ P.O. Box 818 Alexandria, Virginia 22313
The hardcopisd (laboratory name) data package received at
Region ^____^^__ ^^"^ been reviewed and tha quality assurance and performance data sumarized. The data reviexed included* .
SMO Sample Conc.S SMO Sample " C o n c S SMO Sample ConcS No. Mat r ix No. Matr ix No. Mat r ix
Contract No. requires that specific analytical work be done and that associated
reports be provided by the contractor to the Regions, EMSL-LV, and SMO. The general criteria
used to determine the performance Mere based on an examination of:
• Data completeness a Duplicate analysis results
• Spectra matching quality a Slank analysis results
• Surrogate spike results • DETPP and BFB performance results
a Matrix spike results
The data review forms for each of the above review items are contained within the body of this memo.
Comments:
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A-1
I. DATA C0>4»1-ETENE5S CHEOaiST
Organics analysis data sheets
Base/neutral - sample chromatograms
^ Acid - sample chromatograns
VOA - sample chromatograoa
_^^^ Pesticide - sample chromatograms
^ ^ ^ Sample spectra - priority pollutants and non-priority pollutants
Library reference spectra
^^_^ Blank analysis data
Duplicate analysis:, one duplicate analysis of sample was reported as
required by contract.
Spike data
^ _ _ _ DFTPP criteria forms, spectra and listings
_____ BFB criteria forms, spectra and listings
____^ Base/neutral - standard reference spectra and chromatograms
Acid - standard reference spectra and chromatograms
VOA - standard reference spectra and chromatograns
Pesticide - standard chromatogram
_^_^ Base/neutral sensitivity test
. Acid sensitivity test
Tailing factor data
Remarks:
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A-2
II. Spectra Matching Quality (cont.)
B. TENTATIVELY IDENTIFIED COMPOUNDS
Sample Fraction Compound Scan FIT Purity Concentration
A-3 DIM 001 0446
III. SURROGATE SPIKES
Fraction Surrogate Acceptable Sample No. Sample No. Sample Ho. Sample No. Sample No. Sample No. limit
3> 1 -p*
VGA
VOA
B/N
B/N
ACIDS
ACIDS
Benzene-d, 70 -
Toluene-d„ 70 -
Nitrobenzenedr 40 -
2-f1uorobiphenyl 40-
Phenol-dj . 30 -
2-fluorophenol 30 -
130
130
120
-120
100
100
r ,. c » A * Ul Sample No. Sample No. Sample No. Sample No. Sample No. Sample No. fraction Surrogate Acceptable * ' ' " . " f
limit
VOA
VOA
B/N
B/N
ACIDS
ACIDS
* Indie
LtPO
Cenzene-dg 70 - 130
Toluene-dg 70 - 130
Nitrobenzenedc 40 - 120
2-nuorob1phenyl 40-120
Phenol-dg 30 - 100
2-fluorophenol 30 - 100
ates out of control limits
IOO Wia
IV. MATRIX SPIKE RESULTS
Acceptable Actual Recovery Actual Recovery . n r- .. Compound ^^jj^^ > 5^,„p,^ ^ 3^„,p,^ ^ Average Recovery Con«,ents
Volatiles
3>
tn
Chlorobenzene Toluene Benzene
Base/Neutrals
60 -40 -70 -
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 50 Acenaphthene 2,4-Dinitrotoluene Di-n-butylphthalate Pyrene N-Nitrosodi-n-
propylaiiiine 1,4-dichlorpbenzene
Acids
Pentachlorophenol Phenol 2-cliloroplienol p-chloro-m-cresol 4-nitro'phenol
Pesticides
Heptachlor Aldrin Dieldrin
35 -25 -50 -50 -
20 -15 -
40 -50 -40 -40 -90 -
70 -80 -85 -
150 190 200
-200 200 200 180 150
100 200
140 200 150 120 200
150 150 150
**Indicates out of control l imi ts
QfrfrO TOO W i a
V. DUPLICATE ANALYSIS RESULTS
The relative percent difference (RPD) for each parameter group was evaluated, The duplicate analysis RPD acceptance criteria should be:
Fraction Acceptance Criteria
VGA + 15 S 8/N • + 50 2
ACIDS • + 40 X PESTICIDES
The RPDs exceeding the maximum acceptable percent difference were:
Concentration FractiofT Compound , Actual RPD Sample Ouol icate
VOA
B/N
ACIDS
PESTICIDES
Compounds which were not common to the dup l i ca te analyses were:
Fract ion Samole No. Compound Concentrat ion
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A-6
VI. BLANK-ANALYSIS RESULTS
The blank analysis was reviewed. The contaminants in the blank are listed below:
Fraction Compound Cone. Comments
Comments:
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VII, DFTPP AND BFB PERFORMANCE RESULTS
The DFTPP performance results for the Acid Fraction were reviewed and found to be within the specified criteria.
The DFTPP performance reults for the Base/Neutral Fraction were reviewed and found to be within the specified criteria.
The BFB performance results for the Volatile Fraction were reviewed "and found to be within the specified criteria.
The following performance results were outside of the specified criteria:
Comoound Fraction m/z Required Abundance Actual Abundance
Comments;
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A-8
V I I I . CHROMATOCRAPHT CHECXS
Type o f Column; Packed Colurai Fused S i l i c a C a p i l l a r y Column (FSCC)
Packed Coltnin Chromatography Check
T a i l i n g Factors Acceptance Windows Actual
Benzidine Less than 3- _________
Pentachlorophenol Less than 5
FSCC Chromatography Check
50-ng benzid ine detectable? Yes ^ ^ ^ No
Pentachlorophenol response fac tor? Yes No
Remarks:
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A - 9
IX. STA>OARDS
General shape of the- t o t a l ion chromatogram:
Peak Shape
Interferences
Background
Acids Base/
Neutrals Volatiles Pesticides
Area Response
4-nitrophenol
2,4-dinitrophenol
Pentachlorophenol
Benzidine
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Nitrobenzene
Isophorone
Dinitrotolueriea
Remarks:
Reviawer'a Name:
FTS Telephone No.:
Commercial Telephone No.:
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X. CALIBRATION VEHIFICATIOM - O P T I O N A L
(Improper calibration should be reported under Comments Section on the Introduction Page.)
Calibration verified at least once each 8-hour shift: Yea No
Mean percent change less than 20S for:
Base/Neutral fraction: Acenaphthene
1,4-dichlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
2-chloronaphthaiene
N-ni t rosod iphenylamine
Oi-n-octylphthalate
Fluoranthene
Benzo(a)pyrene
5 Change
Mean
Date of: Calibration
Verification
Analysis
Acid Fraction:
Date of: Calibration
Verification
Analysis
Volatile Fraction:
Date of: Calibration
Verification
Analysis
P-chloro-m-cresol
2,4-dichloraphenol
2-nitrophenol
Phenol
Pentachlorophenol
1,1-dichloroethylene
Chloroform
1,2-dichloropropane
Toluene
Ethylbenzene
Instrument found to be in calibration during analysis: Yes
Mean.
Mean
No
Remarks J
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