quantum computing cryptography at lsuphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/surf09.pdf · quantum...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
QUANTUM COMPUTING&
CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSU
Jonathan P. Dowling
Quantum Science & Technologies GroupHearne Institute for Theoretical PhysicsDepartment of Physics and Astronomy
Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, Louisiana 70803
http://quantum.phys.lsu.edu
![Page 2: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
PUBLIC KEY SECRET CODES ON THE INTERNET
These secret codes protect your credit card information!
![Page 3: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
MAKING PUBLIC KEY SECRET CODES
Making a Secret Code is as Easy as Multiplication: 15,485,863 • 32,452,843 = 502,560,280,658,509
![Page 4: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
BREAKING PUBLIC KEY SECRET CODES
Breaking a Secret Code is as Hard as Factoring: 502,560,280,658,509 = 15,485,863 • 32,452,843
![Page 5: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FACTORING BIG NUMBERS IS VERY HARD!
If every particle in the Universe was a classicalcomputer running at full speed for the entire life ofthe Universe (about 12 billion years) that would bestill insufficient to factor a 2,000 digit number.
Your Credit Card Number Is Safe!
Or Is It???
Current Internet Encryption Uses 1,000 Digit Numbers.
![Page 6: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CRACKING THE CODE: LIFE IMITATES ART
1992
Peter Shor, MIT
1994
Quantum Computer CanFactor a 2,000 Digit Number
In Less Than a Second!
![Page 7: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HOW DOES A QUANTUM COMPUTER WORK?
3 1 4 1 5 9
A Car’s Odometer is Like aClassical Computer Register:It Shows Only One Six-Digit
Number at a Time.
![Page 8: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
0 0 0 0 0 0
A Quantum Odometer Can Store999,999 Six-Digit Numbers at One Time!
0 0 0 0 0 1
9 9 9 9 9 8
9 9 9 9 9 9
![Page 9: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
REALITY: National Institute of Standards and Technology
SMALL QUANTUM COMPUTER RUNS AN ATOMIC CLOCK
![Page 10: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
AT LSU WE DESIGN QUANTUM COMPUTER CHIPS
![Page 11: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
When Quantum Computers Come Online What WillKeep Our Credit Cards Safe on the Internet?
Quantum Cryptography!
![Page 12: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ONE-TIME PAD PRIVATE SECRET KEY SYSTEM
Secret Code Invented by G.S.Vernan — An Army TelegraphOfficer During the Civil War.
Proven Unbreakable byClaude Shannon at BellLabs in the 1940’s.
Unbreakable by Even AQuantum Computer!
![Page 13: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
ALICE SENDS A COPY OF THE KEY TO BOB
ALICE BOBEVE
Problem: Eavesdropper Can Always Make a Copy of the Pad!
![Page 14: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ALICE SENDS A COPY OF THE KEY TO BOB
ALICE BOBEVE
Problem: Eavesdropper Can Always Make a Copy of the Pad!
![Page 15: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
EVE CAN’T COPY A QUANTUM PAD!
![Page 16: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HOW DOES A QUANTUM CRYPTO WORK?
In Classical Fiber OpticsNetworks Eve Can Always Steala Little of the Light and Makea Copy of the Key.
![Page 17: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
EVE CAN’T COPY A QUANTUM PHOTONWITHOUT DESTROYING THE INFORMATION
![Page 18: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
YOU CAN BUY A QUANTUM CRYPTO SYSTEM!
![Page 19: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
THE QUANTUM INTERNET IS HERE!
Canary Islands
Boston
Switzerland
We could tell youwhat it is about.
But then, ofcourse, we wouldhave to kill you.
![Page 20: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
THE QUANTUM SKYNET IS HERE!
In 2008 — Austrian ScientistsTransmitted Single Photons to aJapanese Communications Satelliteand Back.
Americans Have a Similar Project —Which is TOP SECRET! The Goal isTo Provide SECRET CODES for USSpy Satellites.
![Page 21: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
LSU DESIGNS ROUTERS FOR THE QUANTUMINTERNET AND MODELS ATMOSPHERIC
TRANSMISSION FOR SKYNET
![Page 22: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
THE FUTURE IS CLOSER THAN YOU THINK!
QuantumLink
Quantum Link
![Page 23: QUANTUM COMPUTING CRYPTOGRAPHY AT LSUphys.lsu.edu/~jdowling/talks/SURF09.pdf · QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY When Quantum Computers Come Online What Will Keep Our Credit Cards Safe on the](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051805/5ff5c3a15e4f13724929d91f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)