quantum numbers activity. quantum numbers quantum numbers tell us properties of the atomic orbitals,...
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Quantum Numbers Activity
Quantum Numbers
• Quantum numbers tell us properties of the atomic orbitals, and electrons, in an atom.
• Like giving each electron its own addres
• An orbital is a 3-D region of an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons (NOT an actual ring & NOT like the planetary orbitals)
Principal Quantum Number
Angular Momentum Quantum Number
Magnetic Quantum Number
Spin Quantum Number
Textbook
• You will need a textbook to look up information about the quantum numbers. Pg. 101.
Know for each Quantum #• Definition• Symbol• The allowed values• An example• A visual representation of the quantum number
Review Quantum Numbers as a Class
Discussion of the 4 types of quantum numbers and there properties
Quantum Number Review Notes
Quantum Numbers
• Used to describe various properties of the orbitals
• Each electron is assigned a set of four quantum numbers which, in order, are n, l, ml , and ms
• Like giving each electron its own address
Principle quantum number
• Definition: indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron
• Symbol: n• Values: (written as integers) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
Angular Momentum Quantum Numbers• Definition: indicates the shape of the orbital• Symbol: l• Values: – 0 = s– 1 = p– 2 = d– 3 = f
• For a specific energy level, the number of orbital shapes available is equal to n -1
Magnetic Quantum Numbers
• Definition: represents the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus
• Symbol: ml
• Values: for a p-orbital -1, 0 , 1
Spin Quantum Numbers
• Definition: represents the spin states of electrons in an orbital
• Symbol: ms
• Values: +1/2, - ½
Can an e- be described by the following set of quantum numbers?
n=2, l=1, ml= -1
All quantum numbers are allowed values
Can an e- be described by the following set of quantum numbers?
n=1, l=1, ml= +1
Not possible.The value of l must be less than the valueof n.
Can an e- be described by the following set of quantum numbers?
n=7, l=3, ml= +3
All the quantum numbers are allowedvalues.
Can an e- be described by the following set of quantum numbers?
n=3, l=1, ml=-3
Not possible.The value of ml must be in the range
-l to +l
Replace the ? Mark with an appropriate quantum number.
n=3, l=1, ml=?
n=4, l=?, ml=-2
n=?, l=3, ml=?
Can an e- be described by the following set of quantum numbers?
n=2, l=1, ml=-2
n=3, l=2, ml=+2
n=4, l=3, ml=+3
n=5, l=2, ml=+3
Writing Quantum Numbers
• You can identify the quantum numbers for any electron in an element
• Start by writing out the the electron configuration and orbital diagram for the element
• Locate the electron in the orbital diagram that you are solving the quantum number for
• Determine the 4 quantum numbers
Hydrogen’s electron
• Write electron configuration• Draw orbital diagram• n= 1• l= 0• ml= 0
• ms= +1/2
Helium’s second electron
• Write electron configuration• Draw orbital diagram• n= 1• l= 0• ml= 0
• ms= -1/2
Lithium’s third electron
• Write electron configuration• Draw orbital diagram• n= 2• l= 0• ml= 0
• ms= +1/2
Flourine’s 6th electron
• Write electron configuration• Draw orbital diagram• n= 2• l= 1• ml= 0
• ms= +1/2