quarter 1 module 1
TRANSCRIPT
English
Quarter 1 –
Module 1:
Analogy
7
Subject Area – Grade Level
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Analogy
First Edition, 2020
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Development Team of the Module
Writer: Annah Jehn B. Sentinta
Editors: Dolores L. Carreon, Alver B. Lajera
Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa PhD, Delia B. Mabalot, Rolex H. Lotilla and Arvin Tejada
Illustrator: Angelou D. Samillano
Layout Artist: Alou Camille B. Sabado
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Management Team: Carlito D. Rocafort, CESO V – Regional Director
Rebonfamil R. Baguio, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Crispin A. Soliven Jr., CESE – Schools Division Superintendent
Roberto J. Montero CESE –Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gerardo O. Magno- REPS, Subject Area Supervisor
Belen L. Fajemolin PhD – CID Chief
Evelyn C. Frusa PhD – EPS - LRMS
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Delia B. Mabalot – EPS – English
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Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
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Address: [email protected]
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by- step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask
your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer
keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using
these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided
to the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help
you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any question in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the Analogy. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.
When you hear the word “relationship”, what comes first into your mind? Connection
or linkage, right? All of us are connected with one another. Everything that
surrounds us is linked with something. We can always see how every person, object,
or idea relate with one another. Thus, we use analogy in our daily lives.
The module has one lesson:
Lesson 1 – Supplying Words or Expressions That Complete Analogy
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define analogy;
2. analyze the relationships between words used in analogy;
3. determine the appropriate words or expressions to be supplied in analogy; and
4. supply other words or expressions that complete an analogy.
What I Know
Before you start this module, take this pretest to find out how much you already
know about the topic. Take a comfortable position. Relax and prepare yourself to
answer. Are you ready?
Task 1. Picture Analysis
Observe the two first pictures and understand how they are related. Find the picture
in the given options that is related to the third picture in the same way as the two
first pictures are related. Choose the answer that completes the analogy.
1.
: ::
2.
: :: :
a. b. c.
3. : :: :
a. b. c.
:
b. a. c.
: :: : 4.
b. c.
5.
:
After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page .
Task 2. Question Hour
Now that you’ve answered the activity, answer the following questions:
6. Is the activity difficult or not?
7. What do you notice with the first two images in the boxes?
8. How did you come up with your answers?
Well, how was it? Do you think you hit the right answers? Check them using the
Answer Key page. If you fared well, very good! It means that you have known much
about the topic. But don’t be too confident enough, you might learn new things from
this module.
Are you ready?
Let’s begin.
a.
:
::
a.
b. c.
Lesson
1
Supplying Words or
Expressions That Complete
Analogy
Learning analogies and mastering them can provide you life-long benefits. It improves
your vocabulary skills, speeds up your reading comprehension, addresses your
Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and develops your verbal reasoning abilities.
Can you give other examples? Very good! Now that you have mastered already the
skill in identifying facts from opinions, I could say that you are ready now for our
next lesson.
Answer the task below. Be sure to carefully read and follow the directions. Examples
What’s In
But before we proceed, let’s have a review first of our previous lesson.
Can you still remember this?
FACT
a statement that can be
proven as true or false
Example: Asik - Asik Falls
i s located in North
Cotabato.
OPINION
an expression of one ’s
feeling that cannot be
proven
Example: Asik - Asik Falls
is tourists’ most favorite
spot in the region.
Notes to the Teacher In teaching analogies, subjectivity plays an important role. Student’s background knowledge, social and cultural contexts,
and socioeconomic status should be considered.
What’s New are provided to guide you in answering.
Task 3. Missing Piece
Find the missing piece in each item below by observing how the two first words are
related. Choose the word in the given options that is related to the third word in the
same way as the two first words are related.
Example:
accurate precise awful
: :: :
______________
Begin here…
1.
night day happy
: :: :
_______________
2. husband spouse baby
: :: : _______________
Answer:
disgust -
ing
sad
infant
good
grades tree
forest
disgust -
ing
hive
3.
thirst drink study
: :: :
_______________
4. student : classroom- :: leaf :
_______________
:: lion :
_______________
After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all the items correctly? Good job!
What is It
Now, let’s discuss the important points in the task you have just answered. Read it
again and analyze the words in each pair.
1. night : day :: happy : sad
2. husband : spouse :: baby : infant
3. thirst : drink ::study : good grades
4. student : classroom :: leaf : tree
5. fish : sea :: lion : forest
5 .
fish : sea
So, what do you notice with each pair in every item? If you say that they show
relationships, then you are correct.
The term that means "word relationships” is called Analogy. It is like a word puzzle.
It always contains two pairs of words. It can be abbreviated like stallion : mare :: man
: woman. The single colon (:) represents the phrase “is to”, and the double colon (::)
represents the word “as”. Thus, it is read a stallion is to mare as man is to woman.
An analogy shows comparison between things that have similar features, often used
to help explain a principle or idea. The two things being compared may be completely
dissimilar which still helps you to understand something about their relationship.
Essentially, an analogy helps you understand something abstract or uncommon by
comparing it to something familiar or common to you.
Take a look again at the pairs of words in the task you have answered awhile ago. In
item number 1, which is night is to day as happy is to sad, what do you think is
the relationship of the paired words? If you say that the pairs show an opposite
relationship, then you are correct because night is the opposite of day and happy
is also the opposite of sad. And that type of analogy is called Antonyms.
What about item number 2?Yes, the pairs show a similar relationship or have the
same meaning because husband and spouse have the same meaning as well as the
second paired words which are baby and infant. It is called Synonyms.
Let’s proceed to item number 3. What do you observe? Right! The analogies contain
words that are the causes, or the sources of some actions or conditions which are
thirst and study and the other words that are the effects, or the results or
consequences which are drink and good grades. And that type is called Cause and
Effect.
Then, let’s have item number 4. What does this analogy consist of? If you say that it
contains the part, or section of something larger, and the whole, or the entire entity,
then you are absolutely right! In this case, student and leaf are parts of classroom and
tree. And we call this type of analogy as Part to whole.
And the last item is number 5. What do you notice with the compared words? Do
they tell locations? If you say yes, then you are correct as sea and forest are locations
for fish and lion. And that is called Location as a type of analogy.
What’s More
Knowing those important points will be useless unless applied. Now, let’s see if you
have absorbed them by answering correctly the following task. Be sure to carefully
read and follow the directions. Examples are provided to guide you in answering.
Task 4. Type to Tell!
Analyze the relationship in each analogy and identify its type from the choices given.
Here is an example:
near : far :: smart : stupid
Answer: Type: Antonyms
Begin here…
1. wing : bird :: tire : car
Type:__________
2. winter : summer :: wet : dry
Type:__________
3. allow : permit :: find : locate
Type:__________
4. bats : caves :: humans : houses
Type:__________
5. finger: hand :: wheel : car
Type:__________
6. bad : terrible :: funny : hilarious
Type:__________
7. bees: beehives :: birds : nests
Type:__________
Antonyms
Cause and Effect
Location
Part to Whole
Synonyms
8. chaos : peace :: cordial : hostile
Type:__________
9. sunny day : umbrella :: hungry : eat
Type:__________
10. rain : flood :: earthquake : collapse
Type:__________
Done? If yes, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all the items correctly? Excellent !
What I Have Learned
Now, let’s see if you have acquired something out of the main points that we have
discussed and you have applied in the previous tasks.
Task 5. Complete Me!
Read these paragraphs below and fill the blanks with your answers.
The term that means "word relationships” is called(1.)_________. It is like a word
(2.)__________ that always contains (3.)__________of words.
It can be abbreviated. The single colon (:) represents the phrase(4.)_________, and the
double colon (::) represents the word (5.)___________.
Some types of analogy are (6.)_________ which shows opposite relationships;
(7.)__________ which shows similar relationship or have the same
meaning;(8.)__________ which contains words that are sources of some actions or
conditions and words that are results or consequences;(9.) __________ which contains
the section of something larger, and the entire entity; and (10.)__________which shows
location of something.
Are you ready to check your answers now? If yes, compare them with those in the
Answer Key page. Did you answer all the items correctly? Wow, you’re smart!
What I Can Do
Inevitably, we deal with analogies in our day to day existence, right? Now, let’s see if
you could use your knowledge in analogy by using the surrounding where you are in
right now.
Task 6. Relate Much…
Find related objects, places, persons around your house and provide each type of
analogy we have discussed one example. Write the relationship opposite to it.
Here is an example:
Example: pot: kitchen :: pail: bathroom(Location)
Now, it’s your turn…
1.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
2.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
3.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
4.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
5.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
You answered so fast! Wanna check your answers now? If yes, compare them with
those in the Answer Key page. Did you answer all the items correctly? That’s great!
Assessment
Now, let’s evaluate how well you have understood the lesson. Be sure to carefully
read and follow the directions. Examples are provided to guide you in answering. Are
you ready?
A. Complete each analogy by writing the correct words from the choices. Then, write
whether its type is synonyms, antonyms, cause and effect, part to whole or location.
Here is an example:
Open is to close as near is to ___________________. (far, sit, shut)
Answer:
Open is to close as near is to far.
Type: Antonyms
Now, it’s your turn…
1. Soft is to loud as slow is to _______________________. (quiet, quick, sluggish)
Type: __________
2. Smart is to intelligent as sly is to _________________. (sneaky, dumb, genius)
Type: __________
3. Thumb is to hand as toe is to _____________. (foot, head, shoulder)
Type: _________
4. Underground River is to Palawan as Chocolate Hills is to______. (Siargao, Bohol,
Batanes)
Type: _________
5. Teasing is to quarrel as speeding is to_______. (car, traffic, ticket )
Type:_________
B. Supply appropriate words to complete the analogies.
Here is an example:
smile : frown :: thick : __________
Answer: thin
Now, it’s your turn…
6. athlete : team :: spectator :__________
a. host b. audience c. program
7. beginner : novice :: expert :__________
d. music
a. master b. old c. wise
8. industrious : diligent :: brave :__________
d. winner
a. happy b. courageous c. gorgeous
9. animal : zoo :: clown :: _________
d. tact
a. church b. market c. mascot
10. COVID 19: lockdown :: hoarding :__________
d. circus
a. inflation b. goods c. supply d. trade
C. Supply appropriate pairs to complete the analogies.
Here is an example:
aged : old ::__________: __________
Answer: aged : old :: expensive : costly
Now, it’s your turn…
11. heavy : light ::__________:__________
12. fat : obese::__________:__________
13. Koronadal: South Cotabato :: __________:__________
14. hair : head :: __________:__________
15. smoking : lung cancer :: __________:__________
Are you done answering? If yes, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key
page. Did you answer all those items correctly? You’re the best!
Additional Activities
To intensify what you have learned about analogy, answer these activities. Be sure
to carefully read and follow the directions. Examples are provided to guide you in
answering.
A. Supply appropriate words that complete each analogy below. The type is written
as your guide. Here is an example:
happy:______ :: sad:_______(Synonyms)
Answer: happy : joyful :: sad : depressed
Now, it’s your turn…
1. inflation:__________::__________:strong (Antonyms)
2. petal:__________::keyboard:__________ (Part to whole)
3. __________:fortunate::thankful:__________ (Synonyms)
4. Mt. Matutum:__________::Mt. Parker:__________ (Location)
5. __________: yawning::__________: scratching(Cause and Effect)
B. Provide one(1) example for each type of analogy we have discussed. Write the
relationship opposite to it.
Here is an example:
easy: difficult :: new : old (Antonyms)
Now, it’s your turn…
1.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
2.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
3.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
4.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
5.__________:__________::__________:__________ ( )
After answering, compare your answers with those in the Answer Key page. Did you
answer all those items correctly? Awesome!
Congratulations! You have completed this module on Analogy!
Answer Key
References
"A Guide For Teaching With Analogies - | Critical Thinking". 2020. Teachthought.
https://www.teachthought.com/critical-thinking/types-of-analogies/.
"Analogy - Examples And Definition Of Analogy". 2020. Literary Devices.
https://literarydevices.net/analogy/.
"Analogy | Nature | Free 30-Day Trial | Scribd". 2020. Scribd.
https://www.scribd.com/document/367647035/Analogy.
"Analogy Examples". 2020. Examples.Yourdictionary.Com.
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/analogy-ex.html.
"How Analogies Challenge And Benefit The Gifted Learner | National Association
For Gifted Children". 2020. Nagc.Org. https://www.nagc.org/blog/how-
analogieschallenge-and-benefit-gifted-learner.
2020. Bmcc.Cuny.Edu.
https://www.bmcc.cuny.edu/wpcontent/uploads/ported/lrc/studyskills/factsand
opinions.pdf.
Worksheets, Picture, Logical Aptitude), and Picture Analogy. 2020. "Free Printable
Picture Analogy Worksheets - Logical Reasoning -
Megaworkbook". Megaworkbook.Com.
http://www.megaworkbook.com/generalaptitude/picture-analogy.
DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN
Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)
Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
Email Address: [email protected]