©ABC 2018

Questions for discussion

Royal Wedding

1. Discuss the Royal Wedding story with another student.

2. In which castle did Prince Harry and Meghan Markle get married?

3. About how many people watched the royal wedding?

4. In 1840 who did Queen Victoria marry?

a. Prince Phillip

b. Prince Albert

c. Prince Henry

5. Why did Queen Victoria wear a white wedding dress?

6. In what year was a British royal wedding first televised?

7. How many people watched Princess Margaret’s wedding on TV?

8. Australia belongs to the Commonwealth. What does this mean?

9. Describe the attention that the recent British royal wedding attracted.

10. Were you interested in the royal wedding between Prince Harry and Meghan Markle. Why

or why not?

Write a message about the story and post it in the comments section on the story page.

Trans Fats Ban

1. What was the main point of the Trans Fat Ban story?

2. Which organisation says that trans fats are bad for our health?

3. How are trans fats made?

4. What type of foods contain trans fats?

5. How can you find out if a product contains trans fats?

6. When were trans fats first used in food products?

7. Trans fats were marketed as a healthy alternative. True or false?

8. What impact does food that contains trans fats have on our health?

9. Do you think trans fats should be banned? Discuss in pairs.

10. What questions do you have after watching the BTN story?

Write a message about the story and post it in the comments section on the story page.

Whaling History

1. Summarise the BTN Whaling History story.

2. From which coast can you spot humpback whales during this time of year?

a. South

b. East

c. West

3. Why do humpback whales head north to the warm tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean?

4. Approximately how many whales are expected to make the journey?

5. How far is the journey? Plot their journey on a map.

Episode 13

22nd May 2018

©ABC 2018

6. Whaling was Australia’s first importing industry. True or false?

7. Whales were hunted for baleen and oil. What were these products turned into?

8. How did whale hunting affect the species?

9. When did Australia stop hunting humpback whales?

10. List three facts you learnt from this story.

Check out the Whaling History resource on the Teachers page

Get your class involved in BTN’s Ask A Reporter! This week’s topic is Whaling History.

Lab Grown Meat

1. Discuss the story in pairs. Share your thoughts with the class.

2. Australia is in the top ten countries in the world for the amount of meat we eat. True or

false?

3. Why are more food products made with plant-based ingredients appearing on our shelves?

4. How many litres of water does it take to get one kilogram of meat?

a. 15 litres

b. 150 litres

c. 15,000 litres

5. Complete this sentence. When animals like sheep and cows fart and burp they release

_____________ gases into the atmosphere.

6. What is lab grown meat made from?

7. What do Australian farmers think about lab grown meat?

8. Should lab-grown meat be called meat or something else? What do you think.

9. Would you try lab grown meat? Discuss as a class.

10. How has your thinking changed since watching the BTN story?

Write a message about the story and post it in the comments section on the story page.

History of Stargazing

1. Before watching this story discuss in pairs what you know about stars. Share your thoughts

with the class.

2. What is a constellation?

3. There are twelve zodiacal constellations. Name one.

4. Complete this sentence. The ancient Babylonians used the twelve constellations in the

night sky as a _____________.

5. What do the Yolngu people in the Northern Territory call Orion’s Belt?

6. Which star did the Polynesians use to navigate the ocean?

7. What did Galileo Galilei prove about the Earth and Sun?

8. How many planets orbit the Sun?

9. What world record are the kids in the story trying to break?

10. Illustrate as aspect of this story.

Check out the History of Stargazing resource on the Teachers page.

Do the quiz on the BTN website.

©ABC 2018

Teacher Resource

Whaling History

1. Summarise the BTN Whaling History story.

2. From which coast can you spot humpback whales during this time of

year?

a. South

b. East

c. West

3. Why do humpback whales head north to the warm tropical waters of

the Pacific Ocean?

4. Approximately how many whales are expected to make the journey?

5. How far is the journey? Plot their journey on a map.

6. Whaling was Australia’s first importing industry. True or false?

7. Whales were hunted for baleen and oil. What were these products

turned into?

8. How did whale hunting affect the species?

9. When did Australia stop hunting humpback whales?

10. List three facts you learnt from this story.

Hold a class brainstorm to find out what students know about whales. Using

sticky notes, students write down a piece of information they know about

whales or whaling. Collect and place all the notes on a wall in the classroom.

The following questions may help generate discussion:

• Why are whales important?

• What has happened to whale populations over the years?

• What do you know about the practices of whaling today?

• Do you think the people’s attitudes to whaling have changed over the years? Why?

• What did you SEE in this video?

• What do you THINK about what you saw in this video?

• What does this video make your WONDER?

• What did you LEARN from this story?

• How did this story make you FEEL?

Episode 13

22nd May 2018

Students will investigate the history

of whaling in Australia and research

a species of whale in depth.

Science – Year 5

Living things have structural features and adaptations that help them to survive in their environment Science – Year 6

The growth and survival of living things are affected by the physical conditions of their environment Scientific knowledge is used to solve problems and inform personal and community decisions

Science – Year 7

Solutions to contemporary issues that are found using science and technology, may impact on other areas of society and may involve ethical considerations

©ABC 2018

Whale Research

Define: What do I want to know?

Key questions to research

Students can choose one or more of the following questions or come up with their own:

• What are some unique features of whales?

• Why do whales migrate? Where can they be seen throughout the year?

• How do whales communicate with each other?

• How have people around the world used whales in the past? How is this different today? Why

do you think it changed?

• How were whales used in the past in Australia? How is this different to today? Why did it

change?

• Why conserve and protect whales? What is being done?

• How have people’s attitudes towards whales changed over the years?

Locate: Where do I find the information?

What resources will help answer my questions? (Internet, people, resource centre, organisations,

print). Discuss with students what a reliable source is.

Select: What information is important for the investigation?

Students may need support to sort through and select relevant information.

Organise: How do I make sense of the information?

Students can organise their research by creating main headings from their questions. Write each

heading on a separate piece of paper. Record the information found for each question.

Present: How do we let others know about this information?

Each group needs to discuss then decide on the best way to present the information. Possibilities

could include:

• A `Did You Know’ Facts sheet

• Infographic

• Oral presentation

• Prezi presentation

• Create an infographic using Canva

Evaluate: What have we learnt?

Each group reflects on what they have learnt about whales during their investigation. Students will

reflect on their learning and respond to the following.

• What I learned...

• What I found surprising...

©ABC 2018

Research Project

Students will choose a species of whale to research in

depth. Species include:

o Humpback whale

o Southern Right whale

o Blue whale

o Minke whale

o Killer whale

Students will include a description of the species,

habitat, adaptations and conservation status. They will

also draw a labelled diagram of the whale.

Encourage students to use a range of sources to find

their information. Students will use the Research Project

worksheet to organise and present their information.

Visual literacy

Below is a collection of photographs and artworks of whaling in Australia. Look at the image and then

respond to the following questions:

• What is happening in the image? Describe what you can see.

• When do you think the image was created? Why?

• If there are people in the image who do you think they are? How do you think they might be feeling?

• What question/s would you like to ask the people in the image?

• What does the image tell you about whaling?

• How does the image make you feel?

After you have responded to the above questions click on the link for each image to find out what is

happening and compare to your responses.

Link to image Link to image

©ABC 2018

Link to image Link to image

How do whales communicate?

Whale songs are one of the most

sophisticated communication systems in the

animal kingdom. Watch this Ted Ed video and

answer the following questions:

o Which species of whale are known to

sing?

o How long can whales sing for?

o Why do they sing?

o What impact can noise pollution have

on the whales?

o Name three interesting facts you

learnt watching the video.

National Museum Australia – Start of Whaling

http://www.nma.gov.au/online_features/defining_moments/featured/start-of-whaling

BTN -Whaling

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s4005245.htm

BTN – Beached Whales

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s4620501.htm

BTN – Which whale is which activity

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/extracontent/2013/whaling/whales.pdf

©ABC 2018

Teacher Resource

History of Stargazing

1. Before watching this story discuss in pairs what you know about

stars. Share your thoughts with the class.

2. What is a constellation?

3. There are twelve zodiacal constellations. Name one.

4. Complete this sentence. The ancient Babylonians used the twelve

constellations in the night sky as a _____________.

5. What do the Yolngu people in the Northern Territory call Orion’s

Belt?

6. Which star did the Polynesians use to navigate the ocean?

7. What did Galileo Galilei prove about the Earth and Sun?

8. How many planets orbit the Sun?

9. What world record are the kids in the story trying to break?

10. Illustrate as aspect of this story.

Watch the BTN History of Stargazing story and discuss as a class. What

questions were raised in the discussion and what are the gaps in their

knowledge.

The following KWLH organiser provides students with a framework to

explore their knowledge on this topic and consider what they would like to

know and learn.

What do I know?

What do I want to know?

What have I learnt?

How will I find out?

Students will develop their own question/s for inquiry, collecting and

recording information from a wide variety of sources.

• Does everyone see the same sky at night?

• Why do we see different constellations at different times of the day?

• What things are only visible in the southern hemisphere? Why?

• Which way do the stars move across the sky?

• Where should I look to see the planets?

Episode 13

22nd May 2018

Students will explore, identify and

investigate stars, planets and

constellations.

Science – Year 5

The Earth is part of a system of

planets orbiting around a star (the

sun).

Scientific knowledge is used to

solve problems and inform personal

and community decisions.

Science – Year 7

Predictable phenomena on Earth,

including seasons and eclipses, are

caused by the relative positions of

the sun, Earth and the moon.

©ABC 2018

Daytime stargazing

Bring the stars to your students by using an

online application to discover and explore stars,

planets and constellations in the classroom.

Before starting this activity download a free app

like SkyView onto your classroom hand held

device/s. This activity may need to be modified

depending on the number of devices available to

students.

• If possible dim the lights in the

classroom to create the feeling that it is night time.

Students will sit on the ground with SkyView open

on their hand-held device.

• Students will point their device at the sky to locate

and identify planets, stars and constellations. There is the

option to turn on night mode. Students can learn more

about what they find by selecting a celestial body and

tapping on it. Give students time to explore the night sky.

• Hold a class discussion. What did your students find?

• Students will choose one constellation that they want to learn more about. Students may want to

consider choosing the zodiacal constellation in which they were born. Students will develop their own

question/s for inquiry, collecting and recording information from a wide variety of sources.

• Students will think of creative ways to display their findings.

Stargazing for beginners

Watch this ABC Education video to learn how you can use just your hands and a compass to locate stars in

the sky. What is the unit of measurement used when you're measuring distances between objects in the

sky?

©ABC 2018

Planet profile

Students will create a profile of one of the

planets in our solar system using a range of

sources of information. Students will include a

history of the planet they have chosen and

respond to one or more of the following

questions:

• What is its distance from the sun

(kms)? Where is it in the solar

system?

• What size is the planet? Record its

diameter and its size compared to the

sun.

• What does the planet look like?

Describe the surface of the planet

using words and pictures.

• What type of planet is it? (e.g.

terrestrial, gas giant or ice giant)

• When and who discovered the

planet?

• How was it named?

• List 10 interesting facts about the

planet

• Use a Venn diagram to compare and

contrast the planet you have chosen

with other planets in our solar system.

Compare and contrast the size of the

planets, the distance from the sun

and its physical features.

Students can use this template to record their findings.

Visualising our solar system

Make a scale model of the planets in our solar system. In small groups, students will represent the size of the

sun and the planets in our solar system as accurately as possible. Students need to agree on an

approximate scale for their model. The model should begin with the sun and show planets in order. Use this

calculator to help determine size and scale. http://www.exploratorium.edu/ronh/solar_system/

• What scale will you use to model the solar system?

• What materials or found objects will you use to represent the sun and each of the planets?

• What surprised you about you about this activity?

Following this activity, students will agree on a scale to represent the distance of the planets from the sun.

Calculate and record the distances using a spreadsheet. Consider modelling your findings on your school

oval. In this BTN story we demonstrate the scale of our solar system, using a bowling ball, a pin, a

peppercorn, a pecan, a hazelnut and a peanut, on a racecourse! Watch this ABC Splash video to help you

visualise the size and scale of our solar system.

©ABC 2018

BTN Space stories Students watch the following BTN space stories and answer the questions. BTN Aboriginal Astronomy

1. Briefly summarise the Aboriginal

Astronomy story.

2. Most people think that Stonehenge was a

prehistoric planetarium used to observe

and map the stars. True or false?

3. About how old do they think Stonehenge

is?

4. In which state is the Wurdi Youang stone

arrangement and how old do scientists

think the site may be?

5. What is a constellation?

6. The Yolngu people know the saucepan as…

7. What does it tell the story of?

8. Describe the Emu in the Sky constellation.

9. How did Indigenous people use the sky as a calendar?

10. What constellations do you know? Share what you know with another student.

BTN Understanding Space story

1. What is the BTN story investigating?

2. How many planets are there in our solar

system?

3. Our solar system is just one of more than

________solar systems in the Milky Way.

4. Finish the following sentence: The Milky

Way is just one of hundreds of billions of…

5. Where does Martin work?

6. How does Martin explain the centre of the

universe?

7. How is space like the surface of a balloon?

8. What was surprising about this story?

9. Name three things you learnt watching this story.

10. Illustrate an aspect of this story.

ABC – Stargazing Live

http://www.abc.net.au/ourfocus/stargazing/

ABC Science – Star Hunt

http://www.abc.net.au/science/starhunt/

NASA – Solar Systems Exploration

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/

©ABC 2018

BTN – Amateur Astronomer

http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s4183263.htm

ABC – How the sky works: A beginner’s guide to finding stars and planets

http://www.abc.net.au/news/science/2017-04-04/a-beginners-guide-to-finding-planets-and-

constellations/8373718

©ABC 2018

BTN: Episode 13 Transcript 22/5/18

Hey, Amelia here, welcome to another episode of BTN.

Coming up today.

• Health authorities declare war on trans fats.

• Humpback whales head to Australia in record numbers.

• And we find out more about the history of stargazing.

Royal Wedding

Reporter: Amelia Moseley

INTRO: We'll get to all that soon. But first to a little event that happened over the weekend. You

might have heard of it. It involved a castle, a prince, an actress and an audience of millions, and I

mean millions of people. Yes, it was the royal wedding. We thought we'd find out more about the

historic event and why the lives of the British royals have always attracted so much attention.

Forget the footy or that re-run cooking show. The big TV event on Saturday night was the royal

nuptials.

AMELIA: Biscuit?

Well, for some people anyway.

AMELIA: Ooh, it's starting.

In case you hadn't heard, His Royal Highness Prince Henry of Wales, known as Prince Harry -

grandson to the Queen married Ms Rachel Meghan Markle, known as Meghan, an American TV

actress, at Windsor Castle.

Their wedding was witnessed not just by hundreds of guests but by hundreds of millions of people

in more than 180 countries. Even the lead-up to the big day was marriage madness with all sorts of

memorabilia on offer.

This fascination with royalty and royal weddings isn't a new thing. For instance, back in 1840,

Queen Victoria, that's Harry's great, great, great, great grandmother married Prince Albert. She

chose to wear white even though blue or black wedding dresses were the fashion, just so the

endless crowds of people could spot her on the way to the ceremony. It seems she started quite

the trend.

Queen Elizabeth married Prince Phillip in 1947, before she became Queen. The couple was sent

thousands of presents from around the world and tens of thousands of messages of

congratulations.

©ABC 2018

It wasn't until 1960 that a British royal wedding was televised. 300 million people tuned in to watch

Princess Margaret, the Queen's little sister, get hitched. Since then, royal weddings have continued

to be broadcast to the world. The most famous being the marriage of Prince Charles to Princess

Diana, Harry's mum and dad, in 1981. And the wedding of Harry's brother Will to Kate Middleton in

2011.

Of course, royal weddings aren't everyone's cup of tea. In fact, some people reckon the media

shouldn't spend so much time obsessing over the royal family. So why do so many people care

about two strangers getting married? Well for starters, here in Australia, some people would argue

the royals are important. After all, we belong to the Commonwealth, which means the British royal

family is also kind of Australia's royal family.

But there's also the celebrity factor. We humans have always been fascinated by famous people:

actors, musicians, sportspeople or leaders. It might be because we admire their success, power or

fortune or because we want to be like them.

There's also the idea that people sometimes like to escape their everyday lives for a while and

watching a royal wedding is a bit like watching a movie or reading a book. Plus, big events like

royal weddings can make us feel like we're a part of something. It's a like a big party that

everyone’s invited to.

While the party's over for now, you can be sure that we'll be hearing more about the new Duke and

Duchess of Sussex and their famous family.

AMELIA: Aw, nice dress. It's like yours a little bit.

This Week in News

The lava that's been spewing, oozing and exploding from Kilauea volcano in Hawaii has become

even more dangerous.

It's flowing faster, and it's reached the ocean, where it's sending hydrochloric acid, steam and

glass particles into the air!

Thousands of people have had to leave the homes and one man was badly injured by flying lava.

He was hanging out on his balcony when it hit him in the leg!

Experts say there's no way of knowing how much longer the eruptions will last.

Back in Australia, hundreds of people took part in a beach clean-up on Fraser Island over the

weekend.

It's the biggest sand island in the world just off the coast of Queensland.

The volunteers picked up heaps of rubbish and are collecting data on where it's coming from so

that they can work towards a cleaner beach in the future.

And tens of thousands of dogs strutted their stuff this weekend at the Million Paws walk.

©ABC 2018

It's held every year to raise money for the RSPCA and is also a great excuse for these little guys to

wear their best outfits and make some new friends!

Trans Fats Ban

Reporter: Amelia Moseley

INTRO: The World Health Organisation's announced that it's on a mission to rid the world of

artificial trans fats. That's an ingredient in a whole load of food products including some snacks and

stuff that's deep fried. While it might be tasty to eat, the WHO says it's really bad for people's

health. Let's find out why.

You might not realise it, but something a bit nasty could be coming home with you from the shops.

It might hide in your pantry, or it could even be lurking in your lunchbox. Don't worry, your donut

isn't actually going to eat you and, of course, the occasional treat isn't so bad. But these kinds of

foods can sometimes have an ingredient that health experts are worried about.

It's called trans-fat. That's short for trans fatty acid. It's found naturally in some meat and dairy, but

only in really small quantities. It can also be man-made by turning liquid vegetable oil into a solid

substance. When you look at a label, you might see it listed as trans-fat, hydrogenated vegetable

oil or hydrogenated fat, and it's often used to make snack foods, baked goods, deep fried foods.

Trans fats were first widely used during World War Two when animal fats like butter were harder to

get hold of, so products like margarine became a handy alternative. But in the 1950s foods made

with trans fats really started packing shelves and flying out of fast food joints.

It's easy to see why trans-fat became a popular ingredient. It's cheaper to make than sourcing solid

animal fat. Foods with trans fats in them taste good and last longer. And they were marketed as a

healthy alternative. But for a long time now health experts have been warning people that trans fats

aren't so great after all. In fact, eating too much of them can increase the amount of cholesterol in

the blood which can clog up arteries and cause heart disease.

TEDROS ADHANOM GHEBREYESUS, WHO DIRECTOR-GENERAL: Trans fats are responsible

for more than half a million deaths around the world each year, most in low and middle-income

countries.

The World Health Organisation is trying to fight heart disease around the world and as part of that,

it's calling for a ban on trans fats. It's the first time ever that the organisation has asked countries to

completely banish an ingredient from the entire food supply.

While that might seem like a really big ask, some countries have already banned trans fats and the

WHO says others can do the same by making it illegal for companies and restaurants to use them.

That could make some foods more expensive, and some people are worried that companies might

use alternative ingredients that are just as unhealthy or bad for the environment. But the WHO

says getting rid of trans fats could save millions of lives and make sure there's nothing scary

lurking in our food.

50th Birthday Promo

As you might have heard, this year is a very special year for BTN - we're turning 50! To celebrate

we're teaming up with Q and A for a special episode about kids and the media. It'll be hosted by

©ABC 2018

me and feature a bunch of impressive young panellists. We want you to be involved by sending in

questions about kids and the media. You can upload a video of yourself asking a question and it

might feature on the show. For more info look for the Q and A logo on our website.

Whaling History

Reporter: Jack Evans

INTRO: Now to some good news if you like whales or if you are a whale (although I don't know

how you're watching this) anyway. Whale season in Australia has started and scientists say this

year could be the best we've ever seen. More than 33 thousand humpback whales will make their

journey past Australia's eastern coast. That's a really good sign for a species that was once in

trouble.

JACK: Oh, there's one. Oh, it's just a bird. There's one. Ah, it’s just some algae. Oooh there's one.

Fooled again.

Ok so while I might not be having any luck here. If you live on the eastern coast very soon you

might be able to catch a glimpse of one of these massive majestic mammals - humpback whales.

At about this time every year humpback whales leave their icy homes in Antarctica and head north

to the warm tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean, so they can breed and raise their calves, passing

the coast of Australia on their way. And this year scientists reckon it's going to be a particularly

good whale watching season, because humpback populations are booming. About 33,000 whales

are expected to make the 5,000 kay journey. And experts say that's a really good sign for a

species that was once in a lot of trouble. You see until about 40 years ago whales were hunted by

many countries including Australia. In fact, whaling was once a really important industry.

ADAM PATERSON, CURATOR SA MARITIME MUSEUM: Whaling was one of Australia's first

export industries so that’s probably quite surprising to people today who hear a lot about

Australia's work protecting whales. But, in the early days of the Australian colonies whales were

hunted for oil and for baleen.

Baleen is made out of keratin the same thing our hair and fingernails are made of and whales use

it to filter through little fish in their mouths. In the old days it was highly valued for making things

like corsets and whips. Whale fat or blubber was used to make lamp oil and lubricants for

machines and as a base for perfumes and soaps. But whaling had a huge impact on the humpback

population.

ADAM: The whalers would arrive in a location and hunt the whales. Eventually they ended up

killing so many whales that the industry collapsed, there weren't any whales left.

Whaling stations in Australia and New Zealand killed more than 40,000 humpbacks and by the

1960's there were fewer than a thousand left in the wild. In 1963 Australia stopped hunting

humpback whales and they were declared an endangered species. But other countries continued

to kill them until 1986 when a whole bunch of countries signed an agreement to ban commercial

whaling. While there are still some countries that hunt other species of whale, most populations

have begun to recover. And experts say humpback whale populations are now even bigger than

they were before whaling began.

©ABC 2018

Whales are still big business in Australia, but these days the whale hunters are tourists and they

don't want to hurt them. In fact, Australia has laws about how close boats can get to whales to

make sure they're not disturbed. Experts say it's really exciting to see so many of these

magnificent creatures coming our way and are encouraging as many people as possible to try to

catch a glimpse.

JACK: Hmmm I'd probably have more luck at a beach than at a river.

Quiz

What is a group of whales called?

A family?

A school?

or a pod.

It's a pod.

Ask a Reporter

Do you have a question about whales? Ask me live on Friday during Ask a Reporter. Just head to

our website for the details.

Sport

Queensland Rugby League star Cameron Smith's announced he'll no longer be pulling on the

maroon jersey.

CAMERON SMITH: You need full mental and physical commitment to go out and play well and do

the job for your team and that really took its toll on me last year.

He'll stay on as captain of Melbourne Storm but won't be playing for state and Aussie teams.

Smith says he wants to spend more time with his family but it's a bit of a blow for Maroons fans

with the State of Origin just two weeks away.

Chelsea has won the English FA Cup after beating Manchester United 1-nil in the final at

Wembley.

The winning goal came from Belgian Star Eden Hazard who scored this penalty in the 22nd

minute.

It's the 8th time Chelsea's won the prestigious comp lifting them to 3rd in the all-time winners list.

©ABC 2018

And check out this post-training bin challenge with Real Madrid!

Madrid's left back Marcelo brought his eight-year-old son Enzo into the change rooms and turns

out he has some serious skills!

Lab Grown Meat

Reporter: Ruby Cornish

INTRO: Next up to a very meaty debate about meat, or specifically what makes meat meat? That

might seem pretty obvious, I mean, meat comes from animals, right? Well, some experts say that

might not be the case in the future. Let's find out more.

Looks like meat, smells like meat, feels like meat, sounds like meat and tastes?

RUBY: Mmm, pretty meaty.

But believe it or not, there's no meat in this burger.

RUBY: Coulda fooled me.

There's no doubt that most Aussies love their meat. In fact, we rank in the top ten countries in the

world for the amount of meat we chomp our way through. But in recent years there have been

more products appearing on our shelves, like my burger, that are made with plant-based

ingredients, or things like gluten, soy and wheat. That's because a lot of people like the taste of

meat but don't like the idea of killing animals or the impact that farming animals can have on the

environment.

Raising animals for meat takes up a lot of land and uses a lot of water. In fact, it takes more than

15,000 litres to get a single kilogram of beef. Plus, these guys can get pretty gassy, and their burps

and farts pump a lot of greenhouse gases into our atmosphere.

But people do like their burgers, and that's why scientists are taking fake meat to a whole new level

and growing it in a lab. Lab-grown meat is made from animal cells. Scientists take stem cells from

a living cow and put them in a petri dish with a serum high in nutrients. Under just the right

conditions, those cells can grow and divide, just like they do inside our bodies, and eventually

develop into muscle tissue. Scientists say the result is meat. The first lab-grown meat patty one to

be publicly taste-tested cost a whopping $400,000 to produce. And the flavour? Meh.

TASTE TESTER: It's close to meat, it's not that juicy.

Since then, more companies have started investing, and the price has come down a lot. Some

reckon it won't be long before lab-grown meat makes its way into our shops, and onto our burgers.

But the question some are asking is should it be called meat? Some Aussie farmers say no. They

say when people buy meat they expect it to come from a farm-raised animal and not a petri dish.

JAMES HADDRICK, LIVESTOCK AGENT: Our beef, our lamb, our chicken, our pork, and all the

other meat products, they should be called meat and anything else, they can come up with another

name for their product.

©ABC 2018

Some would like to see laws that stop companies calling products meat if it's made of veggies or

grown in a lab. And this debate's not just happening in Australia. Earlier this year, France decided

to ban the word meat and milk for products that don't come from animals.

So, what do you guys think? Should lab-grown meat be called meat, or something else and would

you try it?

STUDENT: I think I would to see how it tastes comparing it to normal meat.

STUDENT: I think I'd try it but if I didn't like it I wouldn't try it again.

STUDENT: I don't think lab grown meat should be called meat.

STUDENT: I think it should be called something else, like stacon. stem cell bacon.

History of Stargazing

Reporter: Jack Evans

INTRO: Now over the next couple of days lots of Aussies will be looking to the stars. The ABC's

special Stargazing event is on this week and as part of it, tens of thousands of people will be trying

to break a record by looking at the night sky at the same time. Stargazing is something lots of us

like to do and it's something we've been doing for a long time. Let's find out more.

For a long, long, long, long, long, long time humans have been gazing up at the stars. And I mean

who can blame them they're just so shiny.

As well as being pretty the stars were really useful to early humans. You see the stars always stay

in the same position relative to each other. So pretty early on we began mapping them and forming

constellations. They're patterns of stars which people thought kind of looked like things: a dragon

or a warrior or a swan. You've probably heard of these 12 constellations. Aquarius, Pisces, Aries,

Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius and Capricorn. They're the signs of

the zodiac. They form a kind of circular pattern in the night sky, which the ancient Babylonians

used as a calendar.

Of course, different cultures around the world had their own constellations. For example, while

most western cultures know this group of stars as Orion's Belt or the saucepan. To the Yolngu

people in the Norther Territory it's known as Djulpan or the Canoe.

The stars were also really useful for navigation. Early Polynesians were the first to use the stars to

navigate the ocean. They followed the North Star which is a big bright star which always appears

very close to the North Pole. Just like our Southern Cross appears very close to the South Pole.

But as we used them to find our way on Earth, we also wondered what the stars actually were. In

1610 an Italian scientist, named Galileo Galilei, used a telescope to prove that Earth revolved

around the Sun. Lots of people didn't believe him, in fact he was thrown in prison because religious

leaders were so sure that everything revolved around the Earth.

REPORTER: Of course, now we've got the ability to look much further into space using telescopes

here on the ground and telescopes in orbit.

©ABC 2018

They've helped us discover that our planet is just one of 8 orbiting the Sun which is just one of

around 250 billion stars in our galaxy, which is just one of around 200 billion galaxies in the

universe, phew.

BRENNAN: There are very few other fields, very few other situations where so much is unknown

and so much new information is being discovered all the time.

On Wednesday these guys will be joining 30,000 other Aussies looking up at the sky for a world

record attempt.

NESS: We're going to try and set a world record event across the country by getting over 30,000

people to look at the moon for 10 minutes.

It's part of ABC's Stargazing Live event which is to do with all things astronomical.

MALACHI: I love stargazing because it's a good way to spend your evening and a nice hobby to

have.

These guys say its great thing to be involved in and they'd encourage anyone to get out and look

to the stars.

Closer

Well that’s it for this week. I'll see you next time. Bye for now.