quiet resistance - russian pictorialism 1900–1930s (photography art ebook)

5/26/2018 Quiet Resistance - Russian Pictorialism 19001930s (Photography Art eBook)

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This catalogue is published to accompany the exhibitionQuiet Resistance: Russian Pictorialism. 19001930sat the Fondazione Scientifica Querini Stampalia Onlus, Venice,

April to May 2005.

Curator: Olga SviblovaContributors: Sergey Burasovsky, Mikhail Golosovsky,Elena Misalandi, Anastasia Chernenkova

Compiled and edited by Elena MisalandiDesigned by Artur DiaghilevTranslated by Dmitry FedosovProof-read by Olga Kanunnikova

Multimedia Complex of Actual Arts, GUK, Moscow,publication, 2005 Olga Sviblova, text, 2005 Dmitry Fedosov, translation, 2005

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproducedin any form without written permission from the publisher

119034, Moscow, Ostozhenka St., 16Tel.: (095) 231 3326, 231 3327Fax: (095) 202 4346

e-mail: [email protected]

We thank the following lenders to the exhibition:Mikhail Golosovsky, Union of Photo-Artists of Russia,Andrey Baskakov, Varvara Rodchenko, Aleksandr Lavrentyev,Ludmila Mashanskaya, Aleksey Andreyev

Photo on front cover: Alexander Grinberg. Study of Movement. 1926

. 19001930- . FondazioneScientifica Querini Stampalia Onlus, ,

2005

: : , , ,

: : : :

. , , 2005 , , 2005 , , 2005

.

119034, , . , 16.: (095) 231 3326, 231 3327: (095) 202 4346

e-mail: [email protected]

: , , , , ,

: . . . 1926

. 1900 1930- .:. .: . , 2005. 192 .

ISBN 5-93977-019-3


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.

Published by Multimedia Complex of Actual Arts, GUK, MoscowMoscow House of Photography Museum

QUIET

RESISTANCE

19001930-

RussianPictorialismofthe19

00s1930s


4/191

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1936, 5-6, . 17.3 . , 1936, 5-6, . 32.4 . . ., 1996, . 199-200.5 . , . 282.

,


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R

ussian photographic Avant-Garde of the 1920s and1930s, represented by Aleksandr Rodchenko, El Lissitzky,Boris Ignatovich and others, in spite of persecution and

repressive measures of the totalitarian regime, becamea classic part of Russian and world art. Moreover, it became a sym-bol of the powerful energy and innovative spirit of Soviet Russia inthe first years after the October revolution of 1917. But few peoplerealize that at the very same period there was another, pictorialtrend in Russian photography, which strove to approximate pho-tography to painting, using mainly soft lenses and special, oftenvery sophisticated printing techniques. Pictorial photography chal-lenged documentary shots and, just like painting, sought to conveythe emotional side of things, and to express the individual sensesand meanings implied by the artist in his work.

The masters of Russian pictorial photography, AlexanderGrinberg, Yury Yeremin, Nikolai Andreev, Nikolai Svishchov-Paola and others, were firmly a part of the world art scene.They frequently won gold and silver medals at major internationalphoto shows and salons in Europe, United States and Japan.Pictorialism in world photography, born in the late nineteenth cen-tury, has largely exhausted its aesthetic potential by the mid-1920s.In Soviet Russia, however, it revived just then.

In 1928, at the exhibition 10 Years of Soviet Photography, the so-called old school clearly dominated, if we consider the number of

participants and their works by comparison with the modernists andadherents of the new Soviet reportage. In the same year, despite thefact that rigid ideological pressure on artists, expected to embraceright away the new aesthetics of Socialist realism, was yet to come(in the early and mid-1930s), photographers of the pictorial trendwere branded as bearers of bourgeois ideology, idealist individualsand upholders of the old pre-Revolution ways.

This was actually true insofar as pictorial photo artists went on tolive and work in the new Soviet state, largely adhering to the hal-lowed human values and their own existential and aesthetic experi-

ence. Not all of them rushed to adopt Soviet slogans, whichenforced the priority of the collective over the individual, withexalted rapture for revolutionary achievements.

Their subject matter was mostly confined to traditional pictorialthemes, i.e. landscapes, nudes, shots of old mansion houses, andunpretentious genre scenes. A brilliant sense of composition andvirtuoso technique of execution endeared the pictorialists to organ-isers of international photo shows and salons. Foreign press devot-ed much attention to them and, curiously, just like Soviet critics,regarded them as aesthetic opposition to the militant Soviet ideolo-gy. For instance, after the Paris salon of 1925 a British photo mag-

azine observed that whatever their political convictions, theRussians in the shots they sent firmly stand within traditionalbounds.1

Pictorialist photographers were vehemently attacked by Soviet crit-ics, who vainly pointed out the only righteous way to Socialistrealism. As one author put it in 1936, contemporary Soviet realityis such that laughter, joy and smiles are typical features of our newway of life, so that our life has become really wonderful.2

Photographic debates of the late 1920s were mostly about aesthet-ics, focusing on the advantages of certain compositions and oppor-tunities offered by different optical devices or printing techniques.But by the early 30s aesthetics yielded to ideology. From the late1920s onwards all spheres of Soviet life, including the art of pho-

tography, were haunted by the search for enemies of revolutionarychanges. The enemy image became a foundation for ideologicalpropaganda. On the one hand it paralysed everyones personalitywith fear, on the other, it aimed to consolidate and inspire themasses in their heroic efforts for the sake of radiant future.Thus pictorialists ended up as enemies in photography.They were accused of predilection for the old non-revolutionaryworld, where bourgeois values reigned supreme and ignored classstruggles. Passion for landscapes, old palaces or naked womenwas condemned as Turgenevs stuff (after the nineteenth-centurywriter) and political short-sightedness.

Nevertheless, the more violent the attacks became, the strongerthe quiet resistance. Working with non-Soviet subjects, pictorial-ists defended their aesthetics, which took shape before revolution-ary upheavals, and their outlook, which differed from the newBolshevik mythology. Wrote Yury Yeremin, I am going on myway bravely and calmly. As to reconstruction, for those whoregard it lightly it is very easy to change their ways. 3

In 1935 moral persecution of artists led to physical repressions.Under a ludicrous pretext of dissemination of pornographyAlexander Grinberg was sent to one of Stalins labour camps.The charges followed the exhibition Masters of SovietPhotography, held in 1935, where that master of internationalrenown showed his studies of naked nature. Nudes were purgedfrom Soviet photography. Vassily Ulitin was exiled from the capi-tal, and virtually all pictorialists lost their right to practisetheir profession. Since the late 1930s they were also deprivedof the chance to exhibit their works abroad.

In spite of the crackdown, masters of Russian pictorial photogra-phy persevered in their creative work. For example, Yury Yereminlocked himself up in the bathroom of a big communal flat and


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secretly printed his favourite photos in small format. Any of themwould have been sufficient to condemn him.

In 1928 in Novy LEF magazine Alexander Rodchenko spoke outagainst pictorialists: It is not so much painting we are strugglingwith (it is dying anyway), but rather with photography a la paint-ing We have to experiment.4 But in the mid-1930s, when attackson pictorialism were at their worst, he skilfully used that very stylefor his famous Circus series as well as scenes from classical operasand ballets. Perhaps, this was some kind of resistance too... Gettingtired of non-stop revolutionary changes resulting in a reality so dis-tant from his own original ideals, he remarked in his diary on 12February 1943: Art is serving the people, but the people are leddifferent ways. I would like to lead the people towards art, not to

lead them somewhere through art. Was I born too early or too late?Art must be separated from politics.5

In the late 1930s Soviet photography, like Soviet art as a whole,witnessed the triumph of Socialist realism. Isolated from the outerworld by the iron curtain, it gradually degenerated from the mostimportant of the arts to an accessory of the ideological machine.Most of the original photo prints of that period made by artists,who did not conform to new canons, were neglected, neverappeared in public for over half a century and consequently per-ished. The exhibition Quiet Resistance: Russian Pictorialism, 1900to 1930s presents some vintage prints, but does not aspire to a

complete survey of this trend. It is rather a brief summary,an effort to outline the phenomenon. For the first time it bringstogether photos by masters who worked at the same period, andthus interacted and influenced each other.

From the mid-1980s onwards, Russian modernism, first and fore-most the work of Alexander Rodchenko, was increasingly appreci-ated abroad. Its rediscovery in Russia took place as late as the

mid-1990s. The phenomenon of Russian pictorial photographyonly recently began to attract the attention of experts and histori-ans. This reappraisal is still far from complete, but it already givesus a fuller understanding of the development of early twentieth-century Russian culture and history.

1 Sovetskoie foto, No. 1, 1926, p. 272

P. Bliakhin, Sovetskoie fotoiskusstvo peredovoie v mire, Sovetskoie foto,

No. 5-6, 1936, p. 173 Y. Yeremin, Sovetskoie foto, No. 5-6, 1936, p. 324

A. Rodchenko, Opyty budushchego ( Experiences of the Future),Moscow, 1996, pp. 199-200

5 Ibid., p. 282

Olga Sviblova,Directorn Moscow House of Photography Museum


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/ ANDREI KARELIN8

. . 18701880-

Girls with Albums.From Art Album of Photographs from Nature. 1870s 1880sAlbumen print

Moscow House of Photography Museum

22,217,1


9/191

/ ALEKSEI MAZURIN 9

. 1900-

Untitled. 1900sAlbumen print


17,422,9


10/191

. 1900-

Untitled. 1900sAlbumen print


17,322,9

10 / ALEKSEI MAZURIN


11/191

11

. 1900- ,

.

Winter. 1900sGelatine silver print, toning

. Golosovsky collection

14,719,3

/ ALEKSEI MAZURIN


12/191

/ ALEKSEI MAZURIN12

. 1900

.

At the Fireplace. 1900Black gum arabic


18,816,8


13/191

/ ALEKSEI MAZURIN 13

. 1898 , ,

.

Having a Stroll. 1898Salted paper, painting with honey watercolour, varnish


21,516,2


14/191

/ NIKOLAI PETROV14

. 1898 ; ,

.

Interesting Letter. 1898Albumen print; silvered paper tinged with gold and platinum


15,511,5


15/191

/ NIKOLAI PETROV 15

.. -. 1908

.

Portrait of .D. Voronets-ntvid. 1908Phototype


15,710,2


16/191

/ SERGEI LOBOVIKOV16

. 19071908

.

Muzhiks. 19071908Gelatine silver print


20,828,8


17/191

/ SERGEI LOBOVIKOV 17

. 1910-

Vagrant Russia. 1910sGelatine silver print

Union of Photo-artists of Russia collection

17,523,6


18/191


. 19071908 ,

.

Off to Get Some Food. 19071908Gelatine silver print, sepia


2812,8

. 19071908

.

Akulinushka. 19071908Black gum arabic


28,29,5



19/191


. 19071908

.

Widows Thoughts. 19071908Gelatine silver print


28,522,7



20/191


. 19071908-

.

Visit to Granny. 19071908Reddish-brown gum arabic


28,818,8



21/191


. 19071908-

.

Sunset. 19071908Reddish-brown gum arabic


26,522,5



22/191



23/191

3 | . 1903 19091910

.

Teacher. 1903.Gelatine silver print of 1909 1910


21,529

12

3

1 | . 19091910

.

Housekeeper. 19091910Gelatine silver print


20,528,7

2 | . 19071908

.

Old Mans Delight. 19071908Gelatine silver print


21,929,1

/ SERGEI SAVRASOV24


24/191

. 1920-

Landscape. Late 1920sBromoil


14,820,6

/ SERGEI SAVRASOV 25


25/191

. 1910-

Winter Landscape. Late 1910sPigment print


16,623

/ SERGEI SAVRASOV26


26/191

. 1910-

Moscow. Late 1910sBromoil


15,611,7

/ SERGEI SAVRASOV 27


27/191

. 1900-

.

Over the Pond. 1900sBrown gum arabic


16,511,7

/ ANATOLY TRAPANI28


28/191

. 1915

.

Study. 1915Photoetching


14,414,8

/ ANATOLY TRAPANI 29


29/191

. 1915

.

Study. 1915Photoetching


14,49,6

/ ANATOLY TRAPANI30


30/191

. 1917

Portrait of a Man. 1917Photoetching


29,225

/ BORIS YELISEEV 31


31/191

. 1912

.

St. Petersburg. 1912Ozobrome


12,718,1

/ MIRON SHERLING32


32/191

. . 1914

Fedor Chaliapin in the Title Roleof the Opera Mefistofele by A. Boito. 1914Photoengraving

Union of Photo-artists of Russia

21,615,6

/ MIRON SHERLING 33


33/191

. . 1913-

.

Fedor Chaliapin as the Miller in the opera Rusalkaby Dargomyzhsky. 1913Mezzo-tintograph


21,214,8

/ MIRON SHERLING34


34/191

. . 1913-

.

Fedor Chaliapin in the Title Role of the OperaBoris Godunov by M. Mussorgsky. 1913Mezzo-tintograph


20,914,5

/ MIRON SHERLING 35


35/191

- . . 1913-

.

Fedor Chaliapin in the Title Role of the OperaDon Quixote by J. Massenet. 1913Mezzo-tintograph


20,514,9

. . 1913-

.

Fedor Chaliapin in the Title Roleof the Opera Mefistofele by A. Boito. 1913Mezzo-tintograph


2114,7

/ ALEXANDER GRINBERG36


36/191

. 1926

Shadows on Snow. 1926Gelatine silver print


21,819,1

/ ALEXANDER GRINBERG 37


37/191

. 1926

Landscape. 1926Gelatine silver print


27,120,6



38/191

. 1928

.

Courtyard. 1928Gelatine silver print


22,429



39/191

. 1926

.

Embankment. 1926Gelatine silver print


2028



40/191

. 1926 ,

Summer Sun. 1926Gelatine silver print, sepia


19,427,8



41/191

. . . 1920-

Stairs. Kuchino. Russian Country Houses Series. 1920sGelatine silver print


24,619,8



42/191

I. 1923 ,

BacchanaliaI. 1923Gelatine silver print, sepia


23,730



43/191

. 1923

.

Parting Day. 1923Gelatine silver print


31,723,7



44/191

. . 1926

Oriental Dance. Ballet Dancer Maria Peschanaya. 1926Bromoil


2920,7



45/191

. 1926

.

Oriental Dance. 1926Bromoil with transfer


29,223,8



46/191

. . 1926

.

Maria Peschanaya. Vera Mayas Studio. 1926Bromoil with transfer


22,8x26,3



47/191

. 1928

Sitting Girl. 1928Bromoil with transfer


28,219,3



48/191

. 1926

.

Stranger. 1926Gelatine silver print on warm paper


28,918,3



49/191

. 1920

.

Portrait of an Actress. 1920Gelatine silver print


37,928,6



50/191

. 1925

Study of Movement. 1925Gelatine silver print


11,327,1



51/191

. 1924 ,

.

Trio Castelio. 1924Gelatine silver print, sepia


2227,3



52/191

. 1928

.

Study of Movement. 1928Bromoil with transfer


17,628,9



53/191

. . 1928

Study of Movement. Group. 1928Gelatine silver print


15,929



54/191

. 1923

.

Nina Vassilyeva from Vera Mayas Studio. 1923Bromoil with transfer


28,317,4



55/191

. 19261928

.

Study of Movement. 19261928Gelatine silver print


22,716,4



56/191

. 1926

Nude with Umbrella. 1926Gelatine silver toned print

Private collection

15,59,9

. 1930 ,

Nude with a Ball. 1930Gelatine silver print, sepia

Private collection

3011,6



57/191

. . 1930- ,

.

Nude. Dark Tone. 1930sGelatine silver print, sepia


27,518



58/191

1 | -2. 1928

.

Nocturne-2. 1928Gelatine silver print


27,138,4

2 | . 1926 ,

Sitting Woman. 1926Gelatine silver print, sepia


18,529

3 | . . 19261927 , ,

.

Nude. Dark Tone. 1926 1927Gelatine silver print, sepia, varnish


19,128,9

4 | . 1928

Sitting Woman. 1928Gelatine silver print


2316,5

123

4



59/191



60/191

. 1925

Nude. 1925Bromoil

Private collection

17,228,2



61/191

. 1920-

Nude. 1920sGelatine silver print

Private collection

1018,8



62/191

. 1927 ,

Cinema Actor Andrei Fait. 1927Gelatine silver print, toning


29,821,7



63/191

. . 1930 ,

.

Nude. Dark Tone. 1930Gelatine silver print, sepia


13,522,6



64/191

. 1924 ,

.

Bather. 1924Gelatine silver print, sepia


33,527,7



65/191

. 1920- ,

Nude. 1920sGelatine silver print, sepia

Private collection

22,230,6



66/191

. 1923

.

Portrait of an Actress. 1923Bromoil with transfer


28,922



67/191

( ). 1923

Portrait (Woman with a Star). 1923Gelatine silver print


28,222,8



68/191

. 1928

Sergei Eisenstein. 1928Gelatine silver print


2922,4



69/191

. 1928

Sergei Eisenstein. 1928Gelatine silver print

Private collection

16,512



70/191

. 1920-

Joy. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


27,822,7



71/191

. 1920-

Portrait of a Man. 1920sGelatine silver print


3024,7



72/191

. 1926 ,

.

Study of Movement. 1926Gelatine silver print, sepia


22,928,5



73/191

. . 1930- ,



10,728,7

. . 1930- ,



13,529,7

/ YURY YEREMIN74


74/191

. 1926 ,

.

In a Cave. 1926Gelatine silver print, sepia


18,926

/ YURY YEREMIN 75


75/191

. 1926 ,

.

Among Cliffs. 1926Gelatine silver print, warm paper


1924,8

/ YURY YEREMIN76


76/191

. 1920-

Herd. Mid-1920sGelatine silver print


27,838

/ YURY YEREMIN 77


77/191

. 1930-

Herd in the Dust. 1930sGelatine silver print


26,837,7

.78 . 1935

p.78 Herd. 1935Gelatine silver print


17,334,5


78/191


79/191

/ YURY YEREMIN80


80/191

. 1928

Fence. 1928Gelatine silver print

Private collection

8,913,7

/ YURY YEREMIN 81


81/191

. . 1930

Shepherds. Cover for Tourist Magazine. 1930Gelatine silver print

Private collection

11,115,3

/ YURY YEREMIN82


82/191

. 1924

Crimea. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

78,4

. 1924

.

Pavilion. 1924Gelatine silver print


22,715,5

/ YURY YEREMIN 83


83/191

. . 1924

Sunrise at Livadia. Crimea. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

139

. . 1924

Miskhor. Crimea. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

8,56

/ YURY YEREMIN84


84/191

. 1928

Shoemaker. 1928Gelatine silver print

Private collection

13,18,1

. 1928

Woman with Children near a Wall. 1928Gelatine silver print

Private collection

8,912,9

/ YURY YEREMIN 85


85/191

. 1924

Cart on the Road. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

7,86,6

. . 1924

Peasants with a Small Cart. Crimea. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

7,38,1

/ YURY YEREMIN86


86/191

. 1920-

Nude. 1920sGelatine silver print

Private collection

11,816,5

/ YURY YEREMIN 87


87/191

. 1924 ,

.

Crimea. 1924Gelatine silver print, sepia


20,328,4

/ YURY YEREMIN88


88/191

. 1926

.

Summer. 1926Gelatine silver print


19,426,3

/ YURY YEREMIN 89


89/191

. 1920-

Study. 1920sBromoil with transfer


28,623,3

/ YURY YEREMIN90


90/191

. 1935 ,

Courtyard in Sukhumi. 1935Gelatine silver print, sepia


38,927,8

/ YURY YEREMIN 91


91/191

. 1928 ,

Covered Street in Old Bukhara. 1928Gelatine silver print, sepia


38,827,2

/ LEONID SHOKIN92


92/191

. 1920- ,

Butterflies. 1920sGelatine silver print, sepia


20,228,1

/ LEONID SHOKIN 93


93/191

. 1920

White Geese. 1920Bromoil


21,416

/ LEONID SHOKIN94


94/191

. 1930- . 1940

.

Spreading Flax. 1930sGelatine silver print of 1940


21,128

/ LEONID SHOKIN 95


95/191

. 1940

.

Working Flax. 1940Gelatine silver print


20,629,1

/ LEONID SHOKIN96


96/191

. 1928

.

Winter Trees. 1928Gelatine silver print


1813,8

/ LEONID SHOKIN 97


97/191

. 1930

.

Winter Day. 1930Gelatine silver print


21,218

/ LEONID SHOKIN98


98/191

. 1925

Tackle. 1925Bromoil


20,125,9

/ LEONID SHOKIN 99


99/191

. 1930-

Volga at Night. 1930sGelatine silver print


22,716,8

/ LEONID SHOKIN100


100/191

. 1923

.

Portrait of a Girl. 1923Bromoil


2216,8

. 1926

.

Gypsy. 1926Bromoil


2014,9

/ LEONID SHOKIN 101


101/191

. 1916

.

Dance. 1916Bromoil with transfer


22,215,8

. 1921

.

Herdboy. 1921Bromoil with transfer


22,711,7

/ LEONID SHOKIN102


102/191

. 1930

.

Portrait of an Old Man. Ca. 1930Bromoil with transfer


20,715,7

/ LEONID SHOKIN 103


103/191

. 1921

.

Mills. 1921Bromoil


18,722,9

/ LEONID SHOKIN104


104/191

. 1925

Shepherds. 1925Bromoil


21,326,5

/ LEONID SHOKIN 105


105/191

. 1920-. 1939

.

Autumn Landscape. 1920s. Print of 1939Bromoil


1622,1

/ LEONID SHOKIN106


106/191

. 1920. 1925

.

Peddler. 1920. Print of 1925Bromoil with transfer


2215,3

/ LEONID SHOKIN 107


107/191

. 1926

.

Bringing News. 1926Bromoil


22,617

/ LEONID SHOKIN108


108/191

. 1919

.

Kimry. 1919Bromoil


14,518,5

/ LEONID SHOKIN 109


109/191

. . 1930-

On the Volga. Kimry. 1930sGelatine silver print


27,818,6

- /NIKOLAI SVISHCHOV-PAOLA110


110/191

, ( ). 1920-

Keep Quiet (Kamerny Theatre).Late 1920sToned gelatine silver print


27,320,9

. 1920- ,

Dream. 1920sGelatine silver print, sepia


28,615,6

- /NIKOLAI SVISHCHOV-PAOLA 111


111/191

. 1920-

The Call. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


34,324,9

. 1920-

On the Raft. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


26,921,7



112/191

. 1930-

Willow Branch. 1930sToned gelatine silver print


20,827



113/191

. 1920-

Boat. 1920sBromoil


27,335,3



114/191

. 1920-

Guarding the Past. 1920sBromoil


27,736,6



115/191

. 1920-

Leningrad. 1920sBromoil


16,325,7



116/191

. 1920-

Horse with a Bag. 1920sBromoil with transfer


16,222,4



117/191

. 1920-

Motherhood. 1920sBromoil


19,825,4



118/191

. 1910-

Portrait of a Woman. 1910sBromoil


33,224,5

-. 1920-

Actress Maria Arnazi-Borshak. 1920sBromoil


3022,4



119/191

. 1930- ,

Portrait of the Actress Zhukovskaya. 1930sGelatine silver print, sepia


28,521,5

. 1920--

Portrait of a Woman. 1920sReddish-brown gum arabic


28,724,4



120/191

. 1920-

Demon. 1920sBromoil


19,824,7

.121 . 1920-

.121 Study of Movement. 1920sBromoil


27,815,4



121/191

/ NIKOLAI ANDREEV122


122/191

. 1930-

.

Above the Dome. Early 1930sGelatine silver print


12,827,5

/ NIKOLAI ANDREEV 123


123/191

. 1920- ,

Spring Flood. Late 1920sGelatine silver print, drawing

Private collection

14,423,7



124/191

. 1924

Too Late. 1924Gelatine silver print

Private collection

22,528,4

. 1930

Stocking Up Timber. 1930Bromoil

Private collection

16,223,3



125/191

. 1929,

.

Rising Moon. 1929Bromoil, painting


26,533,7

. 1920-

At the Fence. 1920sGelatine silver print

Private collection

16,322

. 1928

Buturlino. 1928Gelatine silver print


23,629,3

. 1929

Before the Rain. Before 1929Toned gelatine silver print

Private collection

20,227,3

1

3

2

4



126/191

. 1920-

.

Last Ray. 1920sBromoil


19,224,4

. . 1923

Moonlight. Panikovo. 1923Gelatine silver print

Private collection

19,223



127/191

. 1920-

Evening. 1920sGelatine silver print


2229,1

. 1929

Evening. 1929Toned gelatine silver print

Private collection

20,327



128/191

. 1930 ,

Before the Storm. 1930Gelatine silver print, drawing

Private collection

16,827



129/191

. 1920-

First Flowers. 1920sGelatine silver print

Private collection

26,936,2



130/191

. 1930- ,

Field Cares. 1930sToned gelatine silver print, drawing

Private collection

18,828,2

. 1930- , ,

Reaper. 1930sGelatine silver print, painting, drawing

Private collection

28,724,6



131/191

. 1930 , ,

Autumn Cares. 1930Gelatine silver print, painting, drawing

Private collection

2328,9

. 1935,

.

Reaper. 1935Bromoil, drawing


28,222,3



132/191

. 1926

Having a Smoke. 1926Bromoil


37,420,5



133/191

. 1920-

Boiling Point. 1920sBromoil with transfer


37,728,1



134/191

. 1924

At the Furnace. Before 1924Toned gelatine silver print

Private collection

32,544,4



135/191

-. 1930 , ,

Portrait of an Old Intellectual. 1930Gelatine silver print, painting, drawing

Private collection

3425,1

-. 1930

Portrait of an Old Peasant. 1930Bromoil

Private collection

26,219,3



136/191

. 1920-

,

Untitled. 1920sGelatine silver print, painting


23,531,6



137/191

. 1930-

Lenin Monument. 1930sToned gelatine silver print


16,220,2

- / SERGEI IVANOV-ALLILUEV138


138/191

- / SERGEI IVANOV-ALLILUEV 139


139/191

. 1922

Labour. 1922Gelatine silver print


1239,6

- / SERGEI IVANOV-ALLILUEV140


140/191

. 1934

Portrait of Yury Yeremin. 1934Gelatine silver print


23,128,6

/ EMIL BENDEL 141


141/191

. 1910- ,

Portrait of a Woman. 1910sGelatine silver print, drawing


29,849,7

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV142


142/191

. 1925

Sunrise Over Simeiz. 1925Toned gelatine silver print


19,329,4

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV 143


143/191

. 1923

Winter Study. 1923Bromoil


23,617,1

. 1925

Autumn. 1925Bromoil with transfer


14,36,4

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV144


144/191

. 1928

Near Batumi. 1928Bromoil with transfer


29,321,7

. 1925

Decorative detail. 1925Bromoil with transfer


21,8



145/191

. 1925

,

Marfino. 1925Gelatine silver print, sepia


16,229,2

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV146


146/191

. 1925

Winters End. 1925Bromoil


23,128,1



147/191

. 1923

,

Snow. 1923Gelatine silver print, sepia


24,428,1

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV148


148/191

-. 1924

Nikolskoye-Uriupino. 1924Bromoil


19,322,3



149/191

. 1920-

Church Entrance. Late 1920sBromoil with transfer


24,428,3

. 1925

Ruins. 1925Bromoil


23,524,2

/ PIOTR KLEPIKOV150


150/191

. . 1925

Kremlin Silhouettes. Moscow. 1925Tricoloured bromoil


28,222,4



151/191

. . 1940

Red Square. Moscow. 1940Gelatine silver print


38,328,6

/ VASSILY ULITIN152


152/191

. 1928

Winter. 1928Bromoil


23,725,7

/ VASSILY ULITIN 153


153/191

. 1926

.

Summer Day. 1926Gelatine silver print


19,728,2

/ VASSILY ULITIN154


154/191

. 1928

.

Threshing. 1928Bromoil with transfer


20,622,3



155/191

. 1928

.

Harvest. 1928Bromoil with transfer


24,523,1

/ VASSILY ULITIN156


156/191

. 1919

.

Portrait of a Young Woman. 1919Gelatine silver print


26,620



157/191

. 1920-

Babushka. 1920sGelatine silver print


17,322,9

/ VASSILY ULITIN158


158/191

. 1926

Gypsy. 1926Resinotype


27,120,8



159/191

. 1930

.

Portrait. 1930Bicoloured bromoil


27,718,9

/ VASSILY ULITIN160


160/191

. 1919. 1922

,

.

Portrait of Guzeev, Actor of the Moscow Art Theatre. 1919.Print of 1922

Gelatine silver print, sepia


2922,1



161/191

. 1926

.

Fisherman Lev Lashchilin. 1926Bromoil


23,424,4

/ VASSILY ULITIN162


162/191

. 1932

.

Flame of Paris. 1932Bicoloured bromoil


27,538,5



163/191

. 1933

.

Ballerina. 1933Photoengraving


38,527,5

/ VASSILY ULITIN164


164/191

. 1926

.

White Sea Study. 1926Gelatine silver print


19,426,6



165/191

. 19261927

North. 1926 1927Gelatine silver print


21,529,2

1 | . 1930

Untitled. 1930Gelatine silver print


5,57,7

2 | . 1924



5,98,1

3 | . 1930

123 4


166/191



6,67,6

4 | . 1930



6,97,9


1 2


167/191

1 | . 1930



7,48,1

2 | . 1930



7,68,2

3 | . 1930



7,68,1

1 23

/ VASSILY ULITIN168


168/191

. 1920-

Kovda River. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


29,123,3



169/191

. 1920-

Untitled. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


23,621,9

/ VASSILY ULITIN170


170/191

. 1920-

Rookery. 1920sToned gelatine silver print


22,922,6



171/191

. 1926

.

Ships at Low Tide. 1926Gelatine silver print


32,230,2

/ VASSILY ULITIN172


172/191

. 1926 1927

Lake Kovda. 1926 1927Toned gelatine silver print


20,528,2



173/191

.1928 ,

.

Before the Storm. 1928Gelatine silver print on warm paper, varnish


23,627,5

/ VASSILY ULITIN174


174/191

. . 1925

.

Pines. Crimea. 1925Bromoil


34,822,7



175/191

. 1929

.

Zlatoust Works. 1929Gelatine silver print


27,822,7

/ ALEXANDER RODCHENKO176


176/191

. 1940

Acrobat. 1940Gelatine silver print

Private collection

40,727

/ ALEXANDER RODCHENKO 177


177/191

. 1940

Vladimir Durov with Sea Lions. 1940Gelatine silver print

Private collection

41,528,7



178/191

. 1940

Juggler. 1940Gelatine silver print

Private collection

24,129,1



179/191

. . . 1937

Opera Ruslan and Ludmila.Bolshoi Theatre. Moscow. 1937Gelatine silver print


22,930,3


12


180/191

1 | . . . 1937 ,

Ballet La Fille Mal Garde.Bolshoi Theatre. Moscow. 1937Gelatine silver print, sepia


28,940,4

2 | . . . 1937

Opera Ruslan and Ludmila.Bolshoi Theatre. Moscow. 1937Gelatine silver print

Private collection

19,340



181/191

. 1938

Parterre Acrobats. 1938Gelatine silver print

Private collection

3041,5

182

1837 .1847 .18571864 - ; .1865 ; . .1866 , 1869 . .

18701900- .18701880- .1878 .1886 .1895 () .1902 (), .1906 .

1846 . --. 1869 .

arelin Andrei Osipovich1837 born in Soldatskaya Sloboda, Tambov province.1847 studied under an icon-painter in Tambov.18571864 studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts;took up photography.1865 moved to Kostroma; worked in the photo studio of . Nastiukov.1866 moved to Nizhny Novgorod, where in 1869 he launched his ownstudio Photography and Painting.

1870s1900s participated in numerous photo exhibitions in Russiaand abroad.1870s1880s produced his Art Album of Photographs from Nature.1878 member of French National Academy of Arts.1886 completed his photo album Views of Nizhny Novgorod.1895 honorary member of the Russian Photographic Societyin Moscow.1902 photographed slums and their inhabitants for the productionof Maxim Gorkys play The Lower Depths at the Moscow Art Theatre.1906 died in Nizhny Novgorod.

azurin Aleksei Sergeevich

1846 born in Moscow.Studied at the Commercial School, Frankfurt-am-Main.From 1869 member of the board, Reutovo Manufacture Co.Took painting lessons.Early 1880s took up photography.


182/191

. 1880- .18821883 . 1889 ; .1890- ();18951896 .

. - -; . 1915 .

1876 .1890- 1910- .1900 ; . ().

1903 .19051920 . 1906 V ().19061911 -.1910- , .19111915 ; ,

().1914 , . .

18821883 travelled in Europe.From 1889 took part in photo exhibitions in Russia and abroad;mastered genre photography.1890s member of the Russian Photographic Society,and in 18951896 member of its board. Was among the first in Russiato use the technique of gum-arabic print. Corresponding memberof the Hamburg Society of Amateur Photographers; member

of the French National Academy of Arts.After 1915 died in Moscow.

Petrov Nikolai Alexandrovich1876 born in Yelets.1890s1910s took part in numerous exhibitions in Russia and abroad.1900 graduated from the Riga Polytechnic Institute; studied photogra-phy under Professor F. Schmidt in Karlsruhe, Germany.From 1903 lived in Kiev.19051920 taught photography at the Kiev Polytechnic Institute.From 1906 head of department, Kiev Branch of the Imperial RussianTechnical Society.

19061911 chairman of the Daguerre Society of Amateur Photographers.1910s published over forty works on photography in Russian, Germanand English.19111915 joint editor and head of art section of the magazineVestnik Fotografii; founder of the Kiev Art Salons, honorary memberof the Russian Photographic Society.

183

1920 , 1930 ; - .1940 .

1870, 19 .

1877 ; 1880 . , 1882 . . 1884 . .1885 .1892 .1893 -; . , . . , .18941896 ; .1899

.1900 ; , ,, , .1900-

1914 member of the Young Art group, established by . Trapani.From 1920 taught at the Photographic Institute, from 1930 also profes-sor of the Kiev Institute of Cinematography; headed the photo labof forensic examination.1940 died in Kiev.

Lobovikov Sergei Alexandrovich1870, 19 June born in the village Belaya, Glazov district, into an

Orthodox deacons family.1877 entered village school, and in 1880 the Glazov Religious School,which he quit in 1882 because of illness. In 1884 his parents died.1885 became apprentice to a photographer in Viatka.1892 drafted for military service.1893 moved to St. Petersburg; became a pupil of . Bulla, and thena retoucher in his studio. Met the photographer . Karelin, on whoseadvice he began to work independently.18941896 returned to Viatka and launched a small photo studioof his own.1899 took part in a competition of the St. Petersburg Photographic Society.

1900 awarded bronze medal at the Paris World Exhibition for his genre

works; travelled to Germany, Belgium, France, Switzerland and Austria.1900s participated in many photographic contests in Russia andabroad.1908 established the Viatka Art Group.1909 put much effort into the creation of the Art and History Museumi Vi k di b f h D d S i f h


183/191

.1908 .1909 - ; - .1910 .1913 .

1919 3- .1920 . .19201930- .1925 .1926 ().1934 ; , ( 1936 .) .

(- ) .1941, 27 .

.1910 (); 1912 .19131917 , . .1917 .1922 ( ).

1928 - - (). 1928 .

in Viatka; corresponding member of the Dresden Society for theDevelopment of Amateur Photography.1910 honorary member of the London Society of Fine Arts.1913 honorary member of the Russian Photographic Society.1919 dispatched as photographer to the headquarters of the 3rd Armyon the Eastern front.1920 received a safe-conduct from Narkompros. Started to lecture

at the Institute of Peoples Education.1920s1930s exhibited in Soviet Russia and abroad.1925 elected honorary member of the board, Viatka State RegionalMuseum.1926 became member of the Association of Artists of RevolutionaryRussia (KhRR).1934 received academic pension for life; moved to Leningrad, wherehe worked until 1936 in the photo and film laboratory of the SovietAcademy of Sciences. Later employed in special tasks (macro- and micro-filming) for the Institute of Botany, Soviet Academy of Sciences.1941, 27 November died in Nazi-besieged Leningrad.

Savrasov Sergei IvanovichDate of birth unknown.1910 full member of the Russian Photographic Society, and from 1912member of its board.19131917 member of the Young Art group, founded by . Trapani.1917 on the editorial board of the magazine Vestnik Fotografii.

184

1881 . 1910- , ; .1910 (); 1912 . .1910- .1913 , 1916 . , .1918 ; . . 1920- ; .

.1910 (). 1910- ; ; .1910-

.1913 -. 1918 .

1922 member of the board of the Aerophoto photographic platefactory (formerly Pobeda).1928 founding member of the All-Russian Society of ProfessionalPhotographers.Died after 1928.

rapani Anatoly Ivanovich1881 born in Odessa into a family of Italian immigrants.Early 1910s studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture andArchitecture; worked for Dore Photo Studio in Moscow.1910 became member of the Russian Photographic Society, and from1912 member of its board.1910s contributed to the magazine Vestnik Fotografii.1913 established the Young Art society, which existed until 1916.Invented a positive process, which he called radiant gummi.1918 emigrated to Paris; worked for the atelier of E. Markovitch.Late 1920s moved to the U.S.; worked as cameraman in Hollywood.

Yeliseev Boris Sergeevich

Date of birth unknown.

1910 became member of the Russian Photographic Society.Early 1910s contributed to the magazines Vestnik Fotografii andFotograficheskiye Novosti; published the essay On PaintedPhotography; dealt with the problem of photographic terminology.1910s took part in Russian and international photo exhibitions.1913 p bli h d hi Anth l g f Pra ti al Ad i f r Tra lling


184/191

1880 -.1900 . ; 19001905 . ;

.1910- - ;

, ; .1913 - . ( .. ).19131916 , . . 1917 .1958 .

1885 .

1905 ; .19051912 - .1906 ().1913 .1914 . , . .19151918 ; - .1918 , , .

1919 41- ; .1921 .

1913 published his Anthology of Practical Advices for TravellingAmateur Photographers.After 1918 died in Petrograd.

Sherling Miron Abramovich1880 born in St. Petersburg.1900 studied photography under B. Pashkevich; in 19001905,

at the Munich Photographic Institute under Eugene Smith; attendedthe studio of the sculptor Emile Bourdelle in Paris.1910s worked as freelance portrait photographer; commissioned by

The Sun of Russia to portray famous figures in the arts, sciences and poli-

tics; took part in photo exhibitions in St. Petersburg and Nizhny Novgorod.

1913 published his catalogue album M. Sherlings Exhibitionof Art Photography (Art Bureau of N.. Dobychina).19131916 member of the Young Art group, founded by . Trapani.After 1917 carried on as portrait photographer.1958 died in Leningrad.

Grinberg, Alexander Danilovich

1885 born in Moscow.1905 graduation from high school. He attended drawing classes at theStroganoff Institute.19051912 studied Physics and Math at Moscow University.1906 became a member of the Russian Photography Society.1913 invited to teach at the Russian Photography Society.

185

19231930 ( ).19251928 ; .1930 .1932 ( ) 15- .1934 .1935 ; .. .1936 - .19361939 ; - ; .1939 .1939 1941 - - .1945 ; .1979 .

1881 .1890- .1900

1914 organized the photo-department at A. Hanzhonkov's film studio.Work as a cinematographer. Called up to the Army.19151918 POW in Germany. He translated several books on photo-chemistry.1918 cinematographer at the Moscow studios of Haritonov, Ermolyev,and Biofilm.1919 cinematographer of the political department of the 41st divisionof the Red Army. Afterwards he worked at the Odessa studios.1921 work at the All-Russian Department of Cinema.19231930 head of the film-technology faculty at GTK (State CinemaPolytechnic).19251928 cinematographer at the 1st Goskino Studio. Participation inexhibitions of 'Art of Movement'.1930 work in organizations for designing photo-labs.1932 award from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on the15th anniversary of Soviet cinema.1934 taught photography at the Moscow Society of Photographers.1935 participation in the Masters of Soviet Photo-Art exhibition inMoscow. He worked on the photo-design ofthe Lenin Museum.1936 arrest and sentence to five years of labour camp as an element

dangerous to society.19361939 served time in the NKVD camp, worked as a photographerin the Photo-Bureau of the camp, and taught photography.1939 released for good conduct.19391941 work as a photographer in the museum of the formerTrinity-Sergei monastery


185/191

1900 , .. .1905 , ; .19071914 , , ,, ; .1907

.1908 .1910 ().1913 ; ; .1914 Secession.1915 .1918 ; .19191947 ;

.1920- , , ; (), .19251928 .1928 10 ; 135 , .19281948 .1931 .

1935 .1936

Trinity Sergei monastery.1945 retirement. He continued to worked as a free-lance portraitist.1979 died in Moscow.

Eremin, Yuriy Petrovich1881 born in Kazanskaya on the Don.1890 took part in short-term courses for drawing teachers

at the Noverchakasskaya Teacher's Seminary.1900 entered Moscow Art School. A. M. Vasnetsov's class.1905 graduated as a free artist. He worked in the Crimea.19071914 traveled in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy.He began to be interested in photography.1907 Participation in the International Exhibition of Art Photographyin Nice.1908 Participation in an international photography exhibition in Naples.1910 became member of the Russian Photography Society.1913 Participation in the creative group Young Art. Interestin engravings. Experiments with difficult photographic techniques:bromine and gummy Arabic.

1914 opens Secession photo-studio in Moscow.1915 called up into the Army as a photo-reporter.1918 return to Moscow where he worked in the Moscow Departmentof National Education.19191947 series of views of Moscow; photographs of monumentsin the Moscow suburbs. 1920s taught photography at the House of

186

.1937 ; .1930-, () .1948 .

1895 .1910 .1912 .1915 ; .1918 () .1925 .1928 10 .1930 .1941 () . 5000 .1941 1945 ;

Printing, Three-Hills Manufacture, Dobrolet and the House of Pioneers.Trained a group of photographers for the Moscow Police Force.Organised the Police Forces photo-museum.19251928 participation in 4 exhibitions of Art of Movement.1928 participation in the 10 Years of Soviet Photography exhibitionwith 135 works. He received a first-class award.19281948 founded and lead a circle for art photographyat the Moscow House of Scientists1931 began teaching at the Architecture Institute.1935 worked for Izvestia newspaper.1936 At a discussion at the House of Cinema on the developmentof photography, Eremin is harshly criticized for leaning to the right,and returning to pictorialist traditions.1937 Photographs of the Moscow-Volga Canal. He started to workon Peoples of the USSR.Late 1930s worked for the All-Soviet Agriculture Exhibitionand the TASS archive.1948 died in Moscow.

Shockin, Leonid Vladimirovich1895 born in the village of Kimri. His father was a shoemaker.1910 His father gives him a photo-camera.1912 first photos published in the magazine Russian Illustration.1915 finished school for aerial photography. Photographed in the armyon the Austrian front.1918 became a member of the Russian Photography Society, head


186/191

; .1945 1950- .1962 .

- 1874 ,

; . 1888 . . .. , . , .1895 ; - (), - .1906 .1908

. , . ; . 1910- -.19101920- . ; , .19251928 , ().1928 -

(); . .

g p y y,of its Kimrskoye department.1925 participated in an international photo-exhibition in Canada.1928 participation in the exhibition 10 years of Soviet photography.1930 photo-correspondent of the Soyuzphoto agency.1941 When the front reached Kimri, a large part of Shokin's archive,over 5000 photos, was destroyed in the presence of an NKVD officer.

19411945 head of the photo lab in the army. He received two medals.19451950 photo-reporter for Kimrskaya Life newspaper.1962 died in Kimri.

Svishchov-Paola Nikolai Ivanovich

1874 born in Moscow into a family of a petty merchant who owneda small linen shop; he helped in his fathers business. In 1888 his motherdied. The shop was shortly sold to ..Ovcharenko who owned a photostudio on Tverskaya street, where Nikolay Svishchov was accepted asassistant retoucher, then assistant to the photographer ikhail Yakovlev.1895 opened his own studio on Sukharevsky market and practisedphotography on porcelain and glass in the Aquarium garden; attended

the meetings of amateur photographers at the Russian PhotographicSociety, but soon fell out with Society members, and ceased to come.1906 rejoined the Russian Photographic Society.1908 met the editor of the magazine Vestnik Fotografii, NikolayKrotkov, who offered him employment in Krotkovs studio Paolaon Kuznetsky Most; in December Svishchov bought the Paola firm

187

19301940- .19561957 . , .1964 .

1882 .18901893 ; , , .1901 , . 1906 ; .1908 ().1909 ().19141919 , , .1919 - .1921 .19231927 - .1924 - ; .19271937 .

and studio from Krotkov, complete with equipment.From the early 1910s he assumed the surname Svishchov-Paola.1910s1920s took part in photo exhibitions in Russia and abroad. Elected

member of the board of the Russian Photographic Society; he ran the Societys

photo lab, and led tours for amateur photographers in the Moscow region.

19251928 participated in Art of Movement exhibitions,held by the State Academy of Artistic Sciences.1928 one of the founders of the All-Russian Society of ProfessionalPhotographers; ran practical training for public courses on photography.Brought up several photographers for Soviet secret police (GPU).1930s1940s directed the photo section at the Moscow MunicipalHouse of Pioneers.19561957 one-man show at the Gorky Literary Institute, Moscow.1964 died in Moscow.

Andreev, Nikolai Platonovich

1882 born in Serpuhov.18901893 attended the local school. From the age of eight he workedfor his father, a hairdresser.1901 began to draw and take photographsFrom 1906 participation in exhibitions in Russia and abroad; openedan studio in Serpuhov1908 received a award at the Russian Photography Society exhibition;he became a member of the RPS.1909 award and favorable reviews in Dresden.19141919 mobilized at the very beginning of the war. He fought in com-


187/191

1927 ().1928 10 .1929 - .

1935 .1937 , . .1946 .1947 .

-

1891 . 12- . 1910- .1916 , . -.

19181920 .1920 ; (). 1923 , , . 1930- .1971 .1979 .

1870 .1900- . ().

bat and was injured. After a stay in a hospital, he returned to Serpuhov.1919 production designer at the Serpuhov Theatre.1921 return to photography.19231927 photographer at the Serpuhov Museum of History.1924 gold medal at the Exhibition of Decorative and Applied Artsin Paris. He re-opened his photo-studio.

19271937 photographer at the Serpuhov branch of the Institute ofScientific Research of the Textile Industry.1927 gold medal at an international exhibition in Zaragosa.1928 honorary award at the 10 Years of Soviet Photographyexhibition in Moscow1929 solo exhibition at the Serpuhov Museum of History.1935 participation in the Masters of Soviet Photography exhibition.1937 award at the first Pan-republican Exhibition of Photographyat the Pushkin Museum.1946 participation in the international photo salon Focus in Amsterdam.1947 died in Serpuhov.

Ivanov-Alliluev Sergei Kuzmich1891 born in Petergof. Took up photography at the age of 12.From the early 1910s permanent participant in photo shows in Russiaand abroad.1916 publication of the colour Atlas of Fruit of the Middle Volga,with photos by Ivanov-Alliluyev.

188

1908 .19261927 .1928 - (); 10 .1948 .

1884 .1897 . 1905 , .1901 .1905 .1910 .1912 .19121918 ;19181931 - , .1918 .1924 .1928 10 . - (), .

19181920 served in the Red Army as a photographerat the headquarters of the Urals command.1920 moved to Moscow and joined the Russian Photographic Society.From 1923 for over twenty years worked as photographer at various Soviet

cinema studios, i.e. Mezhrabpomfilm, Lenfilm, Mosfilm and others.

From 1930s wrote reviews for Soviet Photo magazine.1971 published his book Photography of Landscape.1979 died in Moscow.

Bendel Emil Sigizmundovich1870 born in Moscow.1900s owned a photo studio on Kuznetsky Most in Moscow.Member of the Russian Photographic Society.1908 the Bendel Photo Studio was awarded bronze medalat the International Photo Exhibition in Moscow.19261927 contributed to the Photographer magazine.1928 headed the cultural commission of the All-Russian Societyof Professional Photographers; participated in the exhibitionSoviet Photography Over 10 Years.1948 died in Moscow.

lepikov Piotr Vladimirovich1884 born into a peasant family.1897 worked as a boy in a store in Archangel. Until 1905 successivelyemployed as a salesman, clerk and accountant.1901 took up photography.


188/191

19221935 , , -, , ,, , , , , , ,.1935 .1939 .19401950- - . .1960 .

1888 . .1905 .1907 - .1909 .

.1911 , -

, , .1919 . 1922 .19221930 , ,, , -, , , , .1920- () ().1926 ,

.19281930 , , .

1905 enlisted for military service.1910 graduated from the Chuguyev Infantry School.1912 graduated from the Sevastopol Flying School.19121918 served as pilot in the army;19181931 served in the Red Army Air Force, practising aerialphotography.1918 took up art photography.1924 issued his book Notes on Aerial Photography.1928 member of the board and jury of the exhibitionSoviet Photography Over 10 years. Worked on editorial boardof the Photographer magazine issued by the All-Russian Societyof Professional Photographers, contributing numerous articles to it.19221935 took part in many exhibitions in the USSR and abroad,including London, New York, Batavia, Paris, Turin, Toronto, Zaragoza,Stockholm, Pittsburgh, Vienna, Tokyo and Warsaw.1935 worked in the Photo Department of Intourist.1939 published his books Positive Processes and Positive Processeswith Chromium Salts.1940s1950s

employed by the State Shchusev Museum of Architecture.1960 died in Moscow.

Ulitin, Vassily Ivanovich1888 born in Serpuhov. In childhood he developed an interest in artand photography.

189

1931 ( - ); , , . . 1934 .1935 . 1930- , ; .1976 .

1891 .

19111914 , .1916 , , , ; .1917 -.19181922 ; - .19201924 , .1920 1930 1922

1905 graduation from a business school in Moscow.1907 graduation from the Chemical-Technological School in Kostromaas a colourist.1909 work in the zinc-graphics department at I. Sitin's publishing house.1911 began to work at Karl Fisher's photo studio, specialisingas a portraitist. He mastered difficult printing techniques: bromine,pigment, gummy Arabic.1919 photograph of the School for Armoured Cars.From 1922 work as a portraitist.19221930 participated in large-scale international photo exhibitions.He received medals and awards in Paris, London, Berlin, LA, Toronto,Tokyo, Bogota, Rome.1920s member of the board of the Russian Photography Societyand the All-Russian Society of Photographers.1926 participated in the founding of the magazine Photograph.Member of the editorial board.19281930 taught Basics of Mastery at trade union photo-clubsfor chemists, metallurgists, and tradesmen.1931 organised the first photo-school at the Moscow Cooperative-Trade

Union. He began to teach photography at the Moscow Institute of Polygraphy,

where he developed the technique of three-colour positive printing, and other

complex methods of printing. Taught courses on Zinc Graphics and Photo-

Composition. From 1934, lecturer at the Moscow Institute of Polygraphy.

1935 participation in the exhibition Masters of Soviet Photography.late 1930s Arrest. He served time in labour camps and was then sentto Balahna.1976 di d i M


189/191

19201930 ; 1922 . .1922 ; - . 1923 - , ); . , ; .1924 : , .19261928 : , , ,, ; ; .19291930 ; !,

.1929 . . .1930 .1932 , .1933 - ; .19331940 . 20 , 10 , , , ,

.1935 .

1976 died in Moscow.

Rodchenko, Alexander Mikhailovich

1891 born in St. Petersburg. His father a theatre-props maker, hismother a laundress.19111914 studied at the Kazan Art School, where he met his futurewife Varvara Stepanova.1916 move to Moscow. Participation in Moscow avantgarde exhibitions.

He enrolled at the Stroganoff Art School. He is called up to the army.1917 one of the organizers of the Union of Artists.19181922 worked for the fine-arts department of the PeoplesCommissary for Public education as head of the Office for Museums andas a member of the Art Collegiate. Development of a series of abstract-geometric designs.19201924 member of Institute for Artistic Culture; co-founder of thefirst Constructivist group.19201930 professor at the College of Fine Arts. From 1922 deanof metallurgical faculty.

1922 designed the credits for Dziga Vertovs Kinopravda. Work forAlexey Gans Kino-Foto magazine.from 1923 member of the group for art and literature LEF. Coverdesigns for the magazines LEF and New LEF. Work in advertising withV.Mayakovsky. Illustrations in the manner of photo-montage forMayakovskys poem About This. Work as a graphic designer.

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1924 began to photograph: portraits, perspective views of buildings .19261928 work in film. He designed furniture, decorations and costumes

for the films Moscow in October, The Journalist, Doll with Millions.Editor of the Photo in Film section of the magazine Soviet Film. Wrote

articles about experimental photography for the New LEF magazine.19291930 co-foundeer of the photo-section of the October group.Work for the magazines Daiesh, Red Student.1929 designed the plays Klop at the Meyerhold Theatre and Ingaat the Theatre of the Revolution.1930 lectures on photography at the Institute of Polygraphy.1932 photo-correspondent for Izogi, where he published a seriesof views of Moscow.1933 photo-correspondent for the construction of the Belomor-BalticCanal.The photographs were used in the magazine USSR underConstruction and the album Belomosstroi.19331940 Together with V. Stepanova, he designed 20 editionsof the magazine USSR Under Construction, the photo-album 10 Yearsof Uzbekistan, Moscow Rebuilt, The First Cavalry, Red Army,Soviet Aviation, etc.1935 artist and participant in Masters of Soviet Photography exhibition.19351941 created a documentary series on the sports parade on RedSquare, the theatre, and the circus.19411942 evacuated; work in the Ocherskaya Studio for agit-posters.19431950 Together with V. Stepanova, he designed exhibitionsfor Mosinformbureau, the photo albums From Moscow to Stalingrad(unpublished), 25 Years of Kazakhstan, Central Museum of V.I. Lenin,5 Years of Labour Reserves (gift edition) and Moscow(unpublished)

19351941 , , , .19411942 ; .19431950- . , ( ), XXV , 5 ( ), .. ( ).1954 ( ) 1951 .1956 .


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5 Years of Labour Reserves (gift edition), and Moscow (unpublished).1954 reinstated as a member of the Moscow Department of SovietArtists, after expulsion in 1951.1956 died in Moscow.

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quiet resistance - russian pictorialism 1900–1930s (photography art ebook)

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