quit smoking an intervention study among army
TRANSCRIPT
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QUIT SMOKING: AN INTERVENTION STUDY AMONG ARMY
QUIT SMOKING: AN INTERVENTION STUDY AMONG ARMY
MZ Rehanah, AA Ismail, YN Azwany, AB Isa, SH Noor, IA Filza, BM Zin
Third Malaysian Conference on Tobacco Control MCTC 2009UKM
8 – 9 August 2009
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Introduction
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Facts: Smoking among Army in Kelantan
Source: (Rehanah MZ, AA Ismail et all 2006)
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Success story…
Source: Canoe Online Explorer (2002)
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Objective
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Methodology
First phase:Prevalence study [n=319]
Intervention Groupn=79 (Camp 1)
Intervention Groupn=79 (Camp 1)
Control Groupn=240
Control Groupn=240
Healthy LifestyleCampaign
Healthy LifestyleCampaign
Total quit smoking After 3,6,9 months (urine test)
& Fagerstrom score
Total quit smoking After 3,6,9 months (urine test)
& Fagerstrom score
Total quit smokingAfter 3,6,9 month (urine test)
& Fagerstrom score
Total quit smokingAfter 3,6,9 month (urine test)
& Fagerstrom score
Health Education and medication
Health Education and medication
Quit smoking
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Baseline
Source: (Rehanah MZ, AA Ismail et all 2007)
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Integrative approach: Motivation camp
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Motivation campEx-smoker experienceEx-smoker experience
Support by boss
Support by boss
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Integrative approach: Health talk & Forum
Panel:• Health Director Arm Forces
•Religious teacher•Counselor
Panel:• Health Director Arm Forces
•Religious teacher•Counselor
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Integrative approach:Weekly quit smoking clinic
•Group counseling
•Individual counseling
•Pharmacotherapy
•Group counseling
•Individual counseling
•Pharmacotherapy
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Continuous motivation & support
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• Dosage Guide for Smokers
• The level of nicotine dependence based on Fagerstrom Score Nicotine Dependence Questionnaire (FNDQ)
• Nicorette 4mg -for heavy, highly dependent smokers
(e.g. smoke more than 25 or more cigarettes a day
& FNDQ score 6 & above)
• Nicorette 2mg -for occasional and regular smokers of less than
10 cigarettes or irregular smokers of 10-25
cigarettes a day & FNDQ score below 6.
• Dosage Guide for Smokers
• The level of nicotine dependence based on Fagerstrom Score Nicotine Dependence Questionnaire (FNDQ)
• Nicorette 4mg -for heavy, highly dependent smokers
(e.g. smoke more than 25 or more cigarettes a day
& FNDQ score 6 & above)
• Nicorette 2mg -for occasional and regular smokers of less than
10 cigarettes or irregular smokers of 10-25
cigarettes a day & FNDQ score below 6.
ALWAYS ENCOURAGE FIRST TIME USER TO CHEW ONE PIECE OF THE NICORETTE GUM IN FRONT OF YOU TO ENSURE THE RIGHT CHEWING TECHNIQUE IS USED.
ALWAYS ENCOURAGE FIRST TIME USER TO CHEW ONE PIECE OF THE NICORETTE GUM IN FRONT OF YOU TO ENSURE THE RIGHT CHEWING TECHNIQUE IS USED.
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Outcome after 12 weeksQuit 10 [12.6%]
Reduce 1-2 sticks/day16 [20.3%]
Reduce 2-3 sticks/day38 [48.1%]
Defaulted 15 [19.0%]
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Outcome after 24 weeks
Quit 19 [24.1%]
Reduce 1-2 sticks/day20 [25.3%]
Reduce 2-3 sticks/day15 [19.0%]
Defaulted 25 [31.6%]
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Outcome after 32 weeks
Quit 39 [49.4%]
Reduce 1-2 sticks/day23 [29.1%]
Reduce 2-3 sticks/day12 [15.2%]
Defaulted 5 [6.3%]
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DescriptiveVARIABLE QUITTERS
Mean (SD)NON-QUITTERSMean (SD)
P-value
Age (year sold)
28.7 (6.38) 29.1 (6.67) 0.760
Duration of service (months)
108.0 (67.28) 111.8 (76.24) 0.82
No of cig/day 13.7 (9.12) 14.9 (7.55) 0.58
Tried to quit 30 (48.4) 32 (51.6) 0.67
No. of visit 8.1 (5.58) 2.6 (2.26) <0.001
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DescriptiveVARIABLE QUITTERS
Mean (SD)NON-QUITTERSMean (SD)
P-value
Body weight (kg)
69.2 (10.66) 68.1 (9.29) 0.617
Difference in body weight
0.1 (4.39) 0.2 (1.76) 0.774
Fagerstrom score
7.3 (14.74) 4.5 (1.93) 0.27
Nicotine gum/week (mg)
13.8 (15.43) 7.5 (6.32) <0.023
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Quit based on addiction level
Fagerstrom score
Quit n (%)
Not quitn (%)
P-value
1-4 19 (54.3) 16 (45.7)0.4675 & above 18 (54.5) 15 (45.5)
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Reasons for…
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Discussion: Integrative approach
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Discussion
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Conclusion
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Benowtz, N.L.(1983). The use of biologic fluid samples in assessing tobacco smoke consumption. In: Grabowski, J.,Bell. C.S. (eds) Measurement in the analysis and treatment smoking behavior. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 48, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockland MD.
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Pruitt, B.E (1998) Health Styles: A Decision for Living Well. 2rd Ed. Allyn and Bacon Ray, Oakley Stern (1999) Drugs, soceity, and human behavior. 8th Ed.. WBC/Mc Graw Hill.
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Nurul Adlina, H. (1994). Gadis Sasaran Firma rokok. Berita harian. (2001
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Surgeon General Report,. (2001). Women and Smoking; A Report of the Surgeon general 2001.
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References
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