QuizQuiz Get out you ESRT and a piece of Get out you ESRT and a piece of

paperpaper The following questions are from The following questions are from

your ESRT.your ESRT. You’ll have a minute per question…You’ll have a minute per question…

Question 1Question 1 What is foliation?What is foliation?

Question 2Question 2 What are the two types on What are the two types on

Metamorphism?Metamorphism?

Question 3Question 3 How can you test if a rock is Marble How can you test if a rock is Marble

or Quartzite?or Quartzite?

Question 4Question 4 I am a foliated metamorphic rock I am a foliated metamorphic rock

with a coarse texture made from with a coarse texture made from high grade metamorphism. What am high grade metamorphism. What am I?I?

AnswersAnswers What is foliation?What is foliation?

Foliation is the alignment of mineralsFoliation is the alignment of minerals What are the two types on Metamorphism?What are the two types on Metamorphism?

Contact and RegionalContact and Regional How can you test if a rock is Marble or How can you test if a rock is Marble or

Quartzite?Quartzite? Marble bubbles with acid and Quartzite doesn’t.Marble bubbles with acid and Quartzite doesn’t.

I am a foliated metamorphic rock I am a foliated metamorphic rock GneissGneiss

SEDIMENTARY SEDIMENTARY ROCKSROCKS

Sedimentary rocksSedimentary rocks

How are sedimentary rocks formed? How are sedimentary rocks formed?

What do sedimentary rocks look like?What do sedimentary rocks look like?

What do the characteristics tell us about the What do the characteristics tell us about the rock?rock?

What are sedimentary rocks used for?What are sedimentary rocks used for?

How do you use page 7 of the ESRT for How do you use page 7 of the ESRT for sedimentary rocks?sedimentary rocks?

Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks Rocks the form from other rocks that Rocks the form from other rocks that

have been weathered.have been weathered.

How are sedimentary How are sedimentary rocks formed?rocks formed?

Sedimentary rocks are formed Sedimentary rocks are formed through:through:

1.1. ErosionErosion2.2. DepositionDeposition3.3. CompactionCompaction4.4. CementationCementation……At the earth’s surface usually from At the earth’s surface usually from

other rocks.other rocks.

How are sedimentary How are sedimentary rocks formed?rocks formed?

Step one is:Step one is:ErosionErosion of elevated of elevated land such as land such as mountainsmountains

How are sedimentary How are sedimentary rocks formed?rocks formed?

Step two is:Step two is:DepositionDeposition of the of the eroded materialeroded material

How are sedimentary How are sedimentary rocks formed?rocks formed?

Step three is:Step three is:CompactionCompaction of of buried sediment buried sediment over timeover time

How are sedimentary How are sedimentary rocks formed?rocks formed?

Step four is:Step four is:CementationCementation of the of the particles into a particles into a solid rocksolid rock

Many times sand is Many times sand is the glue!the glue!

What do sedimentary What do sedimentary rocks look like?rocks look like?

Three types of sedimentary rocksThree types of sedimentary rocks

1.1.ClasticClastic - sediments cemented together - sediments cemented together

2.2.BioclasticBioclastic - organic material (fossils) - organic material (fossils)

3.3.Crystalline Crystalline – Nonclastic (chemical)– Nonclastic (chemical)- Deposited by chemical precipitation of - Deposited by chemical precipitation of minerals in sea water. (salt in water)minerals in sea water. (salt in water)

What do sedimentary What do sedimentary rocks look like?rocks look like?

Clastic Clastic rocks are rocks are made of particles made of particles cemented together cemented together such as:such as:

1.1. Clay - shaleClay - shale2.2. Silt - siltstoneSilt - siltstone3.3. Sand - sandstoneSand - sandstone4.4. Pebbles - Pebbles -

conglomerateconglomerate

What do sedimentary What do sedimentary rocks look like?rocks look like?Clay/silt

shale

sand

sandstone

What do sedimentary What do sedimentary rocks look like?rocks look like?

Crystalline rocks Crystalline rocks are are pure cement such as:pure cement such as:

1.1. Rock saltRock salt2.2. Rock gypsumRock gypsum3.3. Limestone (has Limestone (has

fossilsfossils))

Crystalline rocks Crystalline rocks formationformation

These rocks from evaporation of sea These rocks from evaporation of sea water and chemical precipitation.water and chemical precipitation.

What do sedimentary What do sedimentary rocks look like?rocks look like?

Biological Biological (bioclastic) (bioclastic) rocks are formed rocks are formed through organic through organic remains such as:remains such as:

1.1. CoalCoal2.2. Limestone (has Limestone (has

fossils)fossils)

What do characteristics What do characteristics tell us about the rock?tell us about the rock?

Grain size is evidence of environment Grain size is evidence of environment where rock formedwhere rock formed

Fossils give clues to past life and Fossils give clues to past life and climateclimate

What do characteristics What do characteristics tell us about the rock?tell us about the rock?

What do characteristics What do characteristics tell us about the rock?tell us about the rock?

What are sedimentary What are sedimentary rocks used for?rocks used for?

Steps to ID a Steps to ID a Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock

TextureTexture Clasitc, Crystalline or BioclasticClasitc, Crystalline or Bioclastic

Grain sizeGrain size CompositionComposition What it looks likeWhat it looks like Fossils? Other features like ripple Fossils? Other features like ripple

marks?marks? Acid test

How to use ESRT page 7 How to use ESRT page 7 - sedimentary rocks?- sedimentary rocks?