qworld acid base disorders simplified for pg medical entrance exam

Q world Medicine : Acid Base Disorders Tanmay Mehta Facebook.com/qworld.co.in Page 109 ACID –BASE FUNDA’S –Tanmay Mehta -----Acidosis-----(Lt.side) CO2 + H2O--- H2CO3--------( H+ + HCO3- (Rt.side)---Alkalosis---- EXPECT FOR THE COMPENSATION, THE BASIC RULE = ACIDOSIS= DECREASED PH / INCREASE [H+] / LOSS OF HCO3- = ALKALOSIS= INCREASED PH / DECREASED [H+] / Decreased PCO2 Lung Compensate for== For Metabolic Acidosis by Decreasing PCO2 (by Hyperventilation) For Metabolic Alkalosis by Increasing PCO2 (by Hypoventilation) Kidney Compensate for== For Respiratory Acidosis by Increasing HCO3- Reabsorption. For Respiratory Alkalosis by Decreasing HCO3- Reabsorption. Always look for [HCO3-] / [PCO2]== Uncompensated / simple conditions ( any one of these can be the fes. But only one of these…) = Normal/ Increase = Normal/ Decrease = Increase/ Normal = Decrease/ Normal Compensated conditions = Increase/ Increase = Decrease/ Decrease Mixed i.e. (Both Respiratory and metabolic Acidosis or Alkalosis)== i.e. Metabolic Acidosis and Respiratory Acidosis=[HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Increase Metabolic Alkalosis and Respiratory Alkalosis=[HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Decrease Things to look for (in order)= 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44) 2. PCO2 (N=35—45) 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30) 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2 Respiratory Acidosis=simple/uncompensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44) == Decrease 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Increase 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Normal 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Normal/ Increase Respiratory Acidosis= compensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Increase 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Increase 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Increase Respiratory Alkalosis=simple/uncompensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Increase 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Decrease 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Normal 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Normal/ Decrease Respiratory Alkalosis= compensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Decrease 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Decrease 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Decrease Metabolic Acidosis=simple/uncompensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Decrease 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Normal 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Decrease 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Normal Metabolic Acidosis= compensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Decrease 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Decrease 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Decrease Metabolic Alkalosis=simple/uncompensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Increase 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Normal 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Increase 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Normal Metabolic Alkalosis=Compensated 1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Increase 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Increase 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Increase

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Page 1: Qworld Acid Base Disorders Simplified for PG Medical Entrance Exam

Q world Medicine : Acid Base Disorders Tanmay Mehta

Facebook.com/qworld.co.in Page 109

ACID –BASE FUNDA’S –Tanmay Mehta -----Acidosis-----(Lt.side) CO2 + H2O--- H2CO3--------( H+ + HCO3- (Rt.side)---Alkalosis---- EXPECT FOR THE COMPENSATION, THE BASIC RULE = ACIDOSIS= DECREASED PH / INCREASE [H+] / LOSS OF HCO3- = ALKALOSIS= INCREASED PH / DECREASED [H+] / Decreased PCO2 Lung Compensate for== For Metabolic Acidosis by Decreasing PCO2 (by Hyperventilation) For Metabolic Alkalosis by Increasing PCO2 (by Hypoventilation) Kidney Compensate for== For Respiratory Acidosis by Increasing HCO3- Reabsorption. For Respiratory Alkalosis by Decreasing HCO3- Reabsorption. Always look for [HCO3-] / [PCO2]== Uncompensated / simple conditions ( any one of these can be the fes. But only one of these…) = Normal/ Increase = Normal/ Decrease = Increase/ Normal = Decrease/ Normal Compensated conditions = Increase/ Increase = Decrease/ Decrease Mixed i.e. (Both Respiratory and metabolic Acidosis or Alkalosis)== i.e. Metabolic Acidosis and Respiratory Acidosis=[HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Increase Metabolic Alkalosis and Respiratory Alkalosis=[HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Decrease Things to look for (in order)=

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44) 2. PCO2 (N=35—45) 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30) 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2

Respiratory Acidosis=simple/uncompensated

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44) == Decrease 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Increase 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Normal 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Normal/ Increase

Respiratory Acidosis= compensated

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Increase 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Increase 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Increase/ Increase

Respiratory Alkalosis=simple/uncompensated

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Increase 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Decrease 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Normal 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Normal/ Decrease

Respiratory Alkalosis= compensated

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Normal 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Decrease 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Decrease 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Decrease

Metabolic Acidosis=simple/uncompensated

1. PH (N=7.38-7.44)== Decrease 2. PCO2 (N=35—45)== Normal 3. [HCO3-] (N=21—30)== Decrease 4. [HCO3-]/ PCO2== Decrease/ Normal

Metabolic Acidosis= compensated