r-455a a new global refrigerant - honeywell … · jean de bernardi [email protected]...
TRANSCRIPT
Jean de Bernardi [email protected]
Technical Manager EMEAI
R-455A – A NEW GLOBAL REFRIGERANTOctober 2016
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
1
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
EU28 HFC Demand – Supply forecast
Need low GWP refrigerants transition before 2018!
183 180 172 164 165137
22
22
2222
22 22
22
182
169
2020
115
2019
115
2018
115
2017
169
20162015
149*
2014
30 Total HFC demand**
Pre-charged imports into EU
Stock build-up
QuotaTotal EU HFC sales forecast in CO2 equivalents
In million tons of CO2 equivalent
* Adjusted for inventory being built up in 2014
** Also includes non reported HFCs
Source: HONEYWELL analysis, EEA technical report on fluorinated greenhouse gases
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
22
Country/
RegionApplication Max GWP (AR5) Effective Date
EU (F-Gas)
Commercial Refrigerators and Freezers
(Hermetically sealed)150 2022
Domestic Refrigerators and Freezers 150 2015
Centralized Refrigeration systems with
Capacity more than 40kW
(Exception for primary circuit of cascade
systems <1500)
150 2022
Movable Room Air Conditioners 150 2020
US (SNAP)Household Refrigerators and Freezers
(proposed)150 2021
CA (CARB)
Domestic Refrigerators (proposed) 150 2021
Non Residential refrigeration Systems
(proposed)150 2020
Canada Domestic Refrigerators (proposed) 150 2025
Japan (METI) Cold Storage Warehouses > 50,000 m³ 100 2019
Global GWP < 150 Regulations
(Stationary & Comm. Ref.)
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
3
Solstice® HFO moleculesLow and medium pressure applications
Nonflammable
(ASHRAE A1)
Mildly flammable
(ASHRAE A2L)
Examples of potential
applications
R-134aGWP=1430
Solstice® yfGWP* < 1
Auto A/C, Vending,
Refrigerators
Solstice® ze GWP* < 1
Chillers, CO2 Cascades
Refrigerators
R-123GWP= 77
Solstice® zdGWP* =1
Centrifugal Chillers
Solstice® Blends
Non Flammable
(ASHRAE A1)
Mildly Flammable (ASHRAE
A2L)
Examples of potential
applications
R-134aGWP=1430
Solstice® N13 (R-450A)GWP* = 547
Chillers, Med-temp
Refrigeration
R-404AGWP=3922
Solstice® N40 (R-448A)GWP* = 1273
Solstice® L40X
(R-455A)GWP* < 150
Low-Temp
Refrigeration
R-22GWP=1810
Solstice® N20
GWP* = 891
Solstice® L20 (R-444B)GWP* = 295
Stationary A/C,
Refrigeration
R-410A GWP=2088
Solstice® L41y (R-452B)GWP* = 676
Stationary A/C
Applications
*IPPC5
Introduction To Solstice® Family
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
4
Tcond
(°C
)
Estimated HDR110
MAP
Typical R410A MAP
Estimated R1234ze
MAPEstimated R1233zd
MAP
MT
REFRI
A/
C
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
R
FC
+ S
HW
HF
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
05
10
15
20
Tcond (°C)
Tevap
(°C
) Tevap (°C)Tevap (°C)
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
R
FC + SHW
HF
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Tco
nd
(°C
)
Tevap (°C)
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
R
FC + SHW
HF
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 2015
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
Tco
nd
(°C
)
Tevap (°C)
HP HIGH TEMP
HP REVERSIBLE + SHW
HEATING FLOORS
LT
REFRI
CO
OLIN
G
HEATING
R32
R410A
R290
LT
RE
FR
I
MT
RE
FR
I
A/C
HEATING FLOORS
HP REVERSIBLE + SHW
HP RENOVATION 1
HP RENOVATION 2
160
155
150
145
140
135
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
-35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80
R-1234yf
R-1234ze
R-1233zd
L40X
Typical R32 MAP
Tevap (°C)LT
Re
fri
MT
Re
fri
A/C
Heating Floors
Reversible HP + SHW
HP Renovation
R-1233zd
R-1234yf
L40X
R-32
R-410A
R-1234ze
MAP Overview
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
5
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
EN378 Voted Positive / A2L Adoption
60kg/circuit possible with added mitigations
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 50 100 150 200 250
Floor Area (m2)
Ch
arg
e (
kg
)
1234yf – A2L
R152a – A2
HC – A3
LFL (g/m3)
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350
MIE
(m
J)
Methane
R-152a
Acetylene
R-290
R-600a
Gasoline
R-1234yf
R-32
NH3x 250000
more
energy
to ignite!
R-1234ze @ 60oC
Non-flammable below 30oC
x 10 more
concentration
to ignite!
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
BV (cm/s)
HO
C (
MJ/k
g)
R152a
NH3
R32R134a
Methane
R-290 R-600a
Class 2
Class 2L
Gasoline
Class 3
• EN378 voted mid-August 2016
with publication before end 2016
• R1234ze PED Category 2
• Increased charge for A2L!
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
6
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Tem
pe
ratu
re,
oC
Vol.% in Air
R1234ze
L40X
Typical
HFO/HFC
A2L: Yes, But…
Solstice® L40X possess a narrow flammability range
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
7
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
R134a replaced by R1234ze: A2L, GWP<1 / long term
HFO Penetration In A/C : R1234ze Is On Its Way
R1234ze is the new R134a!
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
8
Comm Ref: Solstice® L40X To Replace R404A
Drop-in results (freezer)
Tevap Tdisch Tcond Q0 COP
[°C] [°C] [°C] [%] [%]
R404A -34.9 100 33.5 100% 100%
L40X -34.4 108 36.1 96% 106%
So
lsti
ce
®L
40
X
Solstice® L40X
Baseline R-404A (A1, 3922 / 3943)
GWP 4th
/ 5th 148 / 145
Class. A2L
Potential app. Self-contained, condensing units
Use New
Drop-in (1)
Cap. 4% lower
Drop-in (1)
Eff. 3% to 6 % higher
Compressor (2) Recip, Rotary, Scroll
Comments Same Tdis in LT
Status Developmental
Calorimeter tests on compressor (FH2511Z Mid/Mid with SH=10K)
Tdischarge (°C)COP vs. R404A
-40 -35 -30 -25 -20 -15 -10
30 -1% 2% 5% 7% 9% 11% 12%
35 -1% 3% 6% 8% 10% 11% 12%
40 -1% 3% 7% 9% 11% 12% 13%
45 2% 7% 10% 12% 14% 15%
50 0% 6% 11% 14% 15% 17%
55 4% 10% 15% 18% 19%
60 1% 9% 16% 20% 23%
1
2
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
9
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
Comm Ref: Solstice® L40X to replace R404A
Solstice® L40X: similar COP, higher capacity than R290
90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
115%
COP (%) - Middle point
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
105%
CAPACITY (%) - Middle point
90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
115%
COP (%) - Middle point
86%
88%
90%
92%
94%
96%
98%
100%
102%
CAPACITY (%) - Middle point
90%
95%
100%
105%
110%
115%
COP (%) - Middle point
88%
90%
92%
94%
96%
98%
100%
CAPACITY (%) - Middle point
-10/4
5C
(S
C0)
-20/4
5C
(S
C0)
-30/4
5C
(S
C0)
R4
04
AR
404
AR
404
A
R4
04
AR
404
AR
404
A
L40X
L40X
L40X
L40X
L40X
L40X
DR
3D
R3
DR
3
DR
3D
R3
DR
3
R2
90
R2
90
R2
90
R290
R290
R290
NEK2134GK
SH=11.1C for R404A, L40X and DR3
SH=22.2C for R290
(SH>20C needed for reliability)
So
lsti
ce
®L
40
X
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
10
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
≈0 0 + ++ ≈0 + ++ ++
R410A Replacement: More Than 1 Scenario…
Solstice® L40X could cover all applications
© 2016 by Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved.
11
Conclusions
• Several HFO based solutions are available to transition to ultra-low
GWP world (‘regulation proof’ vision) while increasing safety
baseline (A2L vs. A3).
• Solstice® L40X should be seen as a new opportunity to replace not
only R22/R407C/R404A/R290 but also R410A/R32 in the long term
as ODP=0, GWP<150, A2L and no injection needed for high
temp/pressure ratio. It will also give a performance advantage in
high ambient climates.
• With a very high LFL (11.8%) and a very small flammability range
(1.1%), L40X will help increasing safety level of installation vs. other
A2L or A3 in the same capacity range.