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Vacuum DesiccatorPsychrometerFilter Paper
Porous BlockThermal BlockSuction PlateTensiometerPressure PlateOsmotic Tensiometer
Suction Value#
# As defined by Aitchison and Richards (1965).
PrincipalUsage
Direct/Indirect
Range: kPa EquilibriumTime
TotalTotalTotalMatrixMatrixMatrixMatrixMatrixMatrixMatrix
Suction Measurement Techniques
Lab.FieldFieldLab.FieldFieldLab.FieldLab.Field
IndirectIndirectIndirectIndirectIndirectIndirectDirectDirectDirectDirect
103-106
300-70001000-3000030-3000030-30000-1750-900-900-50000-1500
MonthsMonthsWeeks1 weekWeeksDaysHoursHoursHoursDays
Soil Sample
Tensiometer-Suction Plate
Water Reservoir
NegativePressure
1 Bar (Air Entry)Ceramic
High Air Pressure
O Ring Seal
Air Trap
Water ReservoirPump
Flushing
PressureTransducer
15 Bar (Air Entry) Ceramic
ThreadWater Reservoir
The New Instrument
Direct Measurement of Soil Suction: a) Tensiometer; b) Pressure Plate Apparatus
Stainless Steel Sheath
15 Bar Ceramic
Entran Ltd EPX seriesElectronic Pressure Transducer
O Ring Seal
Electrical connection
0 5Scale of mm
S = - uw
ua
uw
a
b
S = ua - uw
Figure by MIT OCW.
Adapted from
Adapted from:
00.1
1.0
10
Suct
ion
(kPa
)
100
1000
Log suction (kPa) = 5.327 - 0.0779 wf
Log suction (kPa) = 5.056 - 0.0688 wf
Log suction (kPa) = 2.412 - 0.0135 wf
Log suction (kPa) = 1.882 - 0.0102 wf
10000
100000
1000000
0.001
0.01
0.1 Suct
ion
(atm
osph
eres
)
1.0
10
100
1000
10000
10 20
Calibration Curves for Two Types of Filter Paper
30Filter Paper Water Content, wf (%)
40 50 60 70 80 90
Whatman no. 42 (Fawcett and Collis-George, 1967)Schleicher and Schuell no. 589 (McQueen and Miller, 1968)
Soil
Container
TotalTwo Filter Papers(noncontact)
Perforated Disk
Three Filter Papers (Contact)
Contact and noncontact filter paper methods for measuring matric and total suction, respectively.
}
Matric}
0.10 50
Water Content of Filter Paper, wf (%)
A typical calibration curve showing measured filter paper water contents for applied suctions.
100 150 200
1
10Suct
ion
(kPa
)
100
1000
01
2
3
4
5
6
pF
10000
100000
1000000
Calibration lineSaturated salt solutionsPressure membranePressure plateHeight above water tabledata points
Figure by MIT OCW.
Figure by MIT OCW.
Adapted from