1. 1. By Muhammad, BELLO GUSAU Department of Authorization and Enforcement
2. 2. Outline Objectives Introduction Legal Basis Regulatory Requirements Question Recommendations
3. 3. Objectives To have an understanding of what Nuclear Gauges are To understand the Regulatory Requirements for licensing nuclear gauges in Nigeria
4. 4. Introduction A nuclear (or radiation) gauge:- is a device widely used in industry, mostly for process control and product quality control; comprises a shielded radiation source (radioactive or x-ray) and a radiation detector arranged so that the useful radiation beam passes through or otherwise interacts with the material under investigation to provide real-time data for continuous analysis and/or process control.
5. 5. Types of Gauges Installed/Fixed Gauges: Are most often used in mines, mills and production facilities as a way of monitoring a production process and ensuring quality control, these are mostly for level detection, thickness measurement and in-stream analysis Portable Gauges: Are mostly used in industries such as agriculture, construction, and civil engineering to measure such things like; the moisture or compaction in soil and the density of asphalt in paving mix
6. 6. Functions Gauges can have a number of primary functions. e.g.:- density measurement; level detection; thickness measurement; moisture measurement; analysis (in-stream analysis).
7. 7. Density Gauges The detector measures the amount of radiation passing through the material under examination. Typically use gigabecquerels of 137Cs. Detector Material Flow Shutter Control Shielding Source Shutter (open)
8. 8. Level Gauges One or more gauges and detectors commonly used as on/off switches to control the level of material in a bin or hopper, etc. Large, thick walled vessels may use 60Co (Gigabecquerels) High level detector Low level detector
9. 9. Level Gauges Cont. For small containers e.g. drink cans, low energy gamma radiation (241Am) or electrically generated x- rays may be used. Am-241 level gauge X-ray (kVp) level gauge
10. 10. Legal Basis Detailed requirements Practice specific requirements or guidance Principal requirements Legislation (Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act of 1995) Regulations Codes of practice (being developed)
11. 11. Legal Basis Section 4-(1) Charged Nigerian Nuclear Regulatory Authority (NNRA) with the responsibility for nuclear safety and radiological protection regulation in Nigeria Section 4-(1a) charged NNRA with the responsibility to regulate the possession and application of radioactive substance and devices emitting ionizing radiation
12. 12. Legal Basis Section 6 (d) of the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act 19 of 1995 (Act) empowers the NNRA to issue codes of practice which shall be binding on all users of radioactive and prescribed substances, and of sources of ionizing radiation.
13. 13. Legal Basis Cont. Section 16 (4) (a) of the Act empowers the NNRA to impose requirements (including requirements involving structural or other alterations) in respect of any apparatus, equipment or appliance used thereon for the purpose of any use of nuclear material, radioactive substances or a source of ionizing radiation from which radioactive waste is likely to arise
14. 14. Regulatory Requirements Administrative Requirements Facility Equipment Radiation Protection Program (RPP) Training and Personnel Accredited Service
15. 15. Administrative Requirements Completion and submission of NNRA Authorization Application Form Provision of a certified copies of Memorandum and Article of Association, Certificate of Incorporation with CAC and Particulars of First Directors (Form C02 & C05) Payment of applicable authorization fees
16. 16. Facility Safety systems including: Intrinsic shielding Visual warning systems Smoke detectors, etc Access control
17. 17. Facility Requirement Cont.
18. 18. Facility Requirement dose rates measured to check shielding wipe to test source for leakage
19. 19. Facility Cont.
20. 20. Facility Requirement (cont)
21. 21. M/R Equipment Personnel Monitoring Equipment Radiation Monitoring Equipment Emergency response equipment
22. 22. Radiation Protection Program (RPP) RPP covers Organizational structure Personnel monitoring Workplace monitoring Local rules and Supervision Emergency Procedure Health Surveillance
23. 23. Training and Personnel Evidence of having staff that are trained in radiation protection in the handling of radioactive sources Evidence of designation of a Radiation Safety officer (RSO) indicating his job description and authority to stop unsafe practice. Copies of CVs, academic and professional qualifications of classified workers and their appointment letters
24. 24. Accredited Service Contractual Service agreement with NNRA accredited Dosimetry Service Provider (DSP) Service agreement with an NNRA accredited Radiation Safety Adviser (RSA) ?
25. 25. NiBIRR 2003 Section 27(3): Nothing in Paragraph (1) of this regulation shall be construed as requiring a radiation employer to consult a radiation safety adviser (RSA) where the only work with ionizing radiation undertaken by that employer is work specified in the First Schedule to these regulations First Schedule: i.e if the apparatus does not under normal operating conditions cause a dose rate of more than 1Sv/h at distance of 0.1m from any accessible surface
26. 26. Radiation Measurement From Previous Inspection Reports Independent radiation measurement was performed The radiation measurement was taken at 1m and in close contact to and around the transmission Nucleonic Gauges
27. 27. NIGERIAN BOTLING COMPANY Vol. IV A. Enugu Production Plant Area of Interest NNRA (Sv/h) Gauge 1 Gauge 2 Gauge 3 Entrance to the Plant 0.01 0.01 0.01 Surface of the Nuclear Gauge (0.1 meter) 0.53 0.53 0.52 One Meter Away 0.03 0.02 0.02
28. 28. NBC Vol. IV B. Benin Production Plant Area of Interest NNRA (Sv/h) Entrance to the Plant 0.00 Surface of the Nuclear Gauge (0.1 meter) 0.2 One Meter Away 0.01
29. 29. NBC Vol. IV C. Owerri Production Plant Area of Interest NNRA (Sv/h) Entrance to the Plant 0.01 Surface of the Nuclear Gauge (0.1 meter) 0.20 One Meter Away 0.03
30. 30. Dangote Cement, Obajana NNRA (Sv/h) At 1m away from the gauge At the surface of the casing 0.09 0.12
31. 31. Recommendations The Authority may wish to: i. Review the operational areas of RSA in line with requirements of the NiBIRR ii. Review and Update the regulatory requirements for all practices involving the use of ionizing radiation sources in Nigeria iii. Bind all the regulatory requirements and make it available to regulatory officers and if possible operators
32. 32. Thank you all for listening