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DISKUSIonEMPOWEREDCOMMUNITY

DISKUSI: Community Radio for Accountability and Transparency

Tim PengendaliPNPM Mandiri

2

an effort bygrassroots community to

encourage aparticipatory monitoring

of PNPM Mandirithrough balanced discussions

between themselves, participants, and facilitators.

Introduction by CRIIntroduction by the Supervising Working Group

Chapter 1: Why Community Radio 1The roles of community Radiand the Expected Impacts 18Phases and Forms of Activities 20Diagram of Program Executing Organization 24

Chapter 2: Collaboration with Community Radio 25Discussion of the Phase I 28Discussion of the Phase II 32Workshop and Training at Provincial Level 34Collaboration with Local Community Radio Networks/Associations 36Collaboration with the Independent National Program of CommunityEmpowerment 37Production of Nationally and Locally Broadcast Materials 38Bulletin 44Special Assistance for Investigation 48SMS gateway 49Evaluation and Reward 50Community Radio Awards 52

Chapter 3: Learning Activities 53Baseline survey 57Positive Learning 62Integration of Community Media and other Alternative Media 63The Participations of the Doers and Facilitators of the Independent National Program of Community Empowering 65Management of Document and Report 67Licensing 68

Chapter 4 : Appendix 59List of Community Radio-Partners of Discussion IISupplement: CD

CONTENTS

Community Radio for Accountability and Transparency

Published byCOMBINE Resource InstitutionandTim Pengendali PNPM Mandiri

First print April 2011

WriterAgustiawan SyahputraCitra Indah LestariHaryanaKhoirul MasruriRanggoaini Jahja

EditorAde Tanesia

Graphic designEnrico Halim

FOREWORD

1

More than a decade has passed since the Indonesian people enjoyed a more democratic political climate, a condition which provides a space for media to voice people’s opinions and views which were pre-viously marginalized. This democratization of in-formation should also be a blessing for a variety of development activities in this country. As a result, Accountability and Transparency become princip-les that are the same as the advancement achieved. These principles are subsequently expected to be nurtured in a participatory way by all components of community, so that their processes and results can be followed, known andaccounted for.

In terms of meaning, accountability refers to the existence of a clear accountability system towards things that have been undertaken, while transparen-cy is a condition which enables many parties to find out and to have access to the available information. PNPM Mandiri attempts to apply these principles in its programs when inviting community media to take part in development activities. The invita-tion received a positive response because like the presence of PNPM Mandiri programs, community radios and bulletins are also for, from and by the surrounding communities.

In essence, every program can take advantage of a variety of media types that serve as a communica-tion assisting tool between program managers and beneficiaries. Community radio is one of the alter-native media that have more advantages, even when compared to the big mass media with unlimited ca-pital. Lessons learned from combining community radio and bulletin with the development programs strongly indicates the existence of opportunities with respect to their role in society. Therefore, de-spite their limited reach of publications and channel

frequency, community media are greatly expected to serve as a bridge of communication among parties, especially frequently interrupted ones. The book is a track record of collective efforts of the DISKUSI Program manager, in which readers will find various Community Radio stations’ accounts of their experiences in fostering accountability and transparency of PNPM Mandiri. This book is a documentation of the DISKUSI Program activity results in the second phase (2010), facilitated by the COMBINE Resource Institution and the Steering Working Group of PNPM Mandiri. The program implemented in 9 provinces and involving 149 com-munity radio stations has certainly a lot of interes-ting things to tell but not all of them are accommo-dated in this book.

This book is expected to be an interesting reading as it is developed with a focus on achievements, sti-mulating field stories and the results that can arouse other parties’ enthusiasms and endeavors.

Therefore, thanks are conveyed to a number of par-ties for all support they have given in the process of developing this book. First of all, thanks go to the whole team of DISKUSI and PNPM Mandiri at National, Provincial, District and Village levels.

2

Thanks are also extended to the Community Radio Networks at District, Provincial and National levels for their significant support. The drafting team also thanks Ms. Desy Mutialim of PNPM Support Fa-cility who always forwards critical questions to en-hance the spirit of the DISKUSI team. This book increasingly finds its meaning with the willingness of Mr. Sujana Rochjat (Chairman of the Steering Working Group of PNPM Mandiri) for his availa-bility to write a foreword for this book.

With the presence of this book, we hope that the ”community-based monitoring movement” of PNPM Mandiri will continue to spread to the en-tire development programs, implementers of deve-lopment and cultural programs in the communities throughout Indonesia in daily life. It is also expec-ted that this book can not only serve as a source of inspiration but also encourage parties engaged in development-related activities in this country to innovatively develop similar program.

Yogyakarta, April 2011The Drafting Team

3

4 55

FOREWORD

Since its launch in 2007 and even since a decade ago when the program was initially designed, the National Program for Community Empowerment (PNPM) Mandiri has put emphasis on transparency and community participation as among its main principles. PNPM Mandiri may not work properly nor have positive impacts without active roles and senses of ownership of the community. Basically, PNPM Mandiri is community-based program that is proposed, decided, planned, implemented and jointly overseen by the community itself whether by women, men, young or old people.

Based on these principles, the activity of “DISKUSI” or “Community Radio for Account-ability and Transparency of PNPM Mandiri” is undertaken. Community radio is a radio emerging from community needs and it can smoothly run thanks to community participation with regard to its broadcast and supervision. This principle is the same as that of the PNPM Mandiri. Like community radio, PNPM Mandiri is a community-owned program that can work properly provided that the whole community participates actively in the program.

Gaining all information about the PNPM Mandiri, such as the amount of funds, allocation, disbursement mechanisms and super vision is the people’s rights. By having access to information, communities will know their rights and obligations. As a result, they can actively participate in implementing and over-seeing PNPM Mandiri. DISKUSI program is not intended to lead community radio to serve as a “horn” of PNPM Mandiri. However, it is aimed at opening access to discussions for the community and the implementing team of PNPM Mandiri which is also part of the community itself.

6

Through DISKUSI program, not only can people have access to a wide range of information about PNPM Mandiri, but also express all their aspirations on the implementation of the program. This program aims to support the role of community radio, not only as a medium of socialization, but also as a two-way medium that may channel the voice of community, the voice of the voiceless. It is expected that this program can empower community radio to subsequently empower the surrounding communities in overseeing a variety of programs, both from government and other parties, for the benefits of the community itself.

This book is a summary of the DISKUSI program from it initial implementation in August 2009 to the end of 2010. It not only presents a story on how this program is designed and implemented, but also contains a wide range of stories about challenges and achievements of the program in urg-ing people, managers of community radio, as well as the implementing team and facilitators of PNPM Mandiri to collectively revive the “spirit” of PNPM Mandiri as a community-owned program.

Hopefully this book will be a positive reflection for all of us to manage community radio and to implement the PNPM Mandiri program in a participatory, transparent and useful way. Happy reading!

Jakarta, 31 March 2011

Sujana RoyatDeputy to the Coordination for Poverty Alleviation / Chairman of the National ImplementingTeam on PNPMCoordinating Ministry for People’s Welfare

7

SECTION 1: WHY COMMUNITY RADIO

8 9

SECTION 1Why Community

Radio


10 11

The program of DISKUSI, an acronym of Ra-dio Komunitas untuk Akuntabiltas dan Transpar-ansi (Enhancing Transparency and Account ability through Community Radio), was first launched in August 2009 by involving 97 community radio stations from 6 provinces, including Aceh, North Sumatera, West Java, Central Java, West Nusa Teng-gara and South Sulawesi. This program is a collabo-ration of the COMBINE Resource Institution, the Control Working Group of PNPM Mandiri and regional-level Community Radio Network.

The program is intended to realize the principles of transparency and accountability of PNPM Mandiri by empowering community media as a source and a means of dissemination of information, so as to enhance community involvement in order to moni-tor the implementation of PNPM Mandiri.

An evaluation of the implementation of DISKUSI program in the first year, the program was success-ful in terms of the program socialization and com-munity involvement in monitoring PNPM Mandiri. Therefore, in June 2010 the program was continued and entered Phase 2, with area coverage expanding to other three provinces, namely Southeast Sulawe-si, Lampung and West Kalimantan.

Empowerment activities that shored up participa-tory monitoring functions through community me-dia (broadcast and printed) kept working until De-cember 2010, with a total of 149 community radio stations involved as partners.


12 13

Female broadcasters of

Community Radio Khaira-

tunissa, Nangroe Aceh

Darussalam

Technicians at Community

Radio Kembang FM fix broad-

casting equipment

This story happened in the Kembang FM Com-munity Radio in Pidie District, Aceh Province. The Meunasah horn in Gampong (Village) of Keudee Leubeue Ie, Kembang Tanjung Sub- District, often broadcasts information about village activities to local residents. On one occasion, an announce-ment was heard from the horn, asking men in the Village to gather at Meunasah after conduct-ing Maghrib (sunset) Prayers. The agenda was to discuss the PNPM Perdesaan (PNPM-for Rural Areas). The announcement was voiced by one of the assistants of the District Facilitators.

The managers of the Kembang FM Community Radio found that there was an anomaly of the announcement. Why only men were invited? Didn’t women also need to be present in the meet-ing? Worried that women would be marginalized from the information, the managers of community radio confirmed the local Sub-district Facilitator. They felt relieved when the Sub-district Facilita-tor did not apparently limit women to attend the meeting. Kembang FM through its horn rectified the announcement that those invited to attend all meetings of PNPM-MP were all community members, both men and women. Since Kembang FM actively conveyed the announcement, women finally joined in the meetings of PNPM-MP.


14 15

Community media is a tool that can be used by communities to participate in a variety of social activities, including development activities. Actors of development programs are aware of the pres-ence of community media as a means of socializing and monitoring programs. However, they are apt to use written media or formal meetings, which do not match with the culture of the rural communities in Indonesia. Most rural communities have yet to be accustomed to reading and speaking in front of a formal forum and as a consequence, there are non-technical barriers to the use of the media.

Non-written community media, especially commu-nity radio represents one of the local media that manifests community participation. Compared to other mass media, community radio has more ad-vantages or strengths despite its some shortcoming in actual practice.

Why Community Radio? There are several reasons underlying this choice. First, the community radio is managed by community members so that they know most what is happening around them. Sec-ond, the limited coverage makes the issues raised specific in accordance with the needs of the listener community. Third, the independent position of the program structure allows it to become community media through which they can obtain information and express their aspirations, including questions and complaints. Fourth, Community Radio is eas-ily accessible and requires no reading skills, low operational costs. It is interactive in nature. In addition, Community Radio not only provides actual (up to date) information but also has highly persuasive capability.

Broadcaster

of RCB FM, South

Sulawesi

Initiatives to encourage community participation were first tested and modeled in 2003. Then, several community-driven development programs sup-ported by the World Bank, such as the Sub-district Development Program (KDP) currently known as PNPM Mandiri Rural, Urban Poverty Program (P2KP) now known as PNPM Mandiri Urban and also WSSLIC (Water Supply and Sanitation for Low Income Communities) initiated the involvement of community radio in the media to monitor

c o m m u n i t y - d r i v e n programs.

The pilot project was called Community Ra-dio Monitoring (CRM) implemented in three regions (provinces), namely: West Java, Yogyakarta and West Nusa Tenggara, with 15 community radio stations involved. Through this pilot project, it is found that community radio as an inde-pendent media can encourage people to participate and

monitor the progress of the program implementation. Discussions on the pro-grams develop in the communities surrounding the community radio, and ultimately can raise commu-nity awareness of the development agenda in their villages. Residents who know best of what happening in their neighbourhood


16 17

Similar findings were also found when CRI once again worked with the World Bank, supported by the Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF), to establish community radio in the tsunami-affected areas after the 2004 tsunami in Aceh.

These two different initiatives confirm the pivotal roles that community radio plays in encouraging community development. Since 2007 the central government has begun a process of integrating pre-viously introduced development programs, such as KDP and P2KP under one policy umbrella called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Man-diri (National Program for Community Empower-ment) or PNPM Mandiri in an effort to alleviate poverty and reduce unemployment based on com-munity empowerment.

When put under the framework of empowerment, the PNPM Mandiri calls for community participa-tion as the main tenet, including encouraging the implementation of the transparency and account-ability principle. Therefore, the Control Working Group of PNPM Mandiri, supported by the PNPM Support Facility, initiated the involvement of com-munity radio and bulletin that have been tested in the previous programs. This initiative is called Ra-dio Komunitas untuk Transparansi dan Akuntabili-tas (DISKUSI) or Enhancing Transparency and Ac-countability through Community Radio. DISKUSI is aimed at realizing the principles of transparency and accountability of PNPM Mandiri by strength-ening community media to facilitate and empower surrounding communities so that they can actively participate in the implementation and monitoring of the PNPM Mandiri.

Initially, 97 community radio stations in six prov-inces took part in this program and since June 2010, the number has increased to 149 community radio stations in nine provinces. They are Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatera, Lampung, West Ka-limantan, West Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara.

Performance of the BKM (Community Self-Supporting Agency) of the Danger and Lendang Nangka Villages which actively provides information to the BKL FM for broadcasting in the news and interactive dialogue should be taken as an example by other villages in Masbagik Sub-district.

This partnership not only intensified the process of socializing programs in the districts and villages, but also initiated community-based monitoring ac-tivities and created collaboration between the com-munity radio and the program implementing unit. Facilitation and training throughout the program gave benefits not only to the community radio managers, but also the surrounding communities. Through this program, they are invited to observe

PNPM’s

information

board in Nangroe

Aceh Darussalam’s

village where

Community

Radio Ramada FM

operates.


18 19

what is happening in the development of their vil-lage, especially development in the PNPM Mandiri targeted regions. Community will gradually have the courage to speak and to file their complaints or raise questions about the PNPM Mandiri. Ru-ral residents along with community radio have even begun actively investigating cases to follow up the complaints.

The Role of Community Radio and Expected Impact

Evaluation of qualitative reports produced by the facilitators of DISKUSI Program Phase 1 indicates the impacts of this program on the community. In the initial phase, community radio is inclined to serve as a medium of socialization. In this phase, the production made is in the form of news sto-ries and Public Service Advertisement (PSA). This has brought about an impact on the communities. For example, initially the communities knew noth-ing about PNPM Mandiri, but now after frequently hearing about PNPM Mandiri, they are more fa-miliar with it. The second phase shows that in-formation about the PNPM Mandiri broadcast by community radio starts to draw public attention and generate their interest in the program, which encourages them to know more about the PNPM Mandiri.

The strategy undertaken by the community radio to fulfill the public curiosity is by organizing vari-ous off-air activities such as informal discussions, meetings or dialogues between communities and the actors of the PNPM Mandiri and publication of bulletins. At this phase, the process taking place starts entering the transformation phase.

In the third phase, it can be seen how the com-munity radio begins to conduct two-way commu-nications and promote dialogues or mediation of solving problems among the parties involved. In this level, a talkshow is used as one of the com-munication strategies to discuss various topics in-volving the parties. In this phase, community radio begins to build cooperation with actors of PNPM Mandiri, specifically those from the program’s Han-dling Complaint Unit (HCU) to allow the commu-nity radio and communities to have a “line” and to ensure that that complaints are followed up. If the PNPM Mandiri at lower levels cannot follow up public complaints, the community radio will file the complaint to a higher level.

News & ILM

Socialization:Strenghten &Publicize

Transformation:Socialization*Field Facts

2-Way Dialog:StakeholderMonitoring &Response

Effect 11. Publicize2. Affect

Effect 21. Inform2. Disclose

Effect 31. Facilitate2. Do

Offair Dialog& Bulletin

ONAIR

ONAIR

ONAIR

Talkshow

Diagram and

Expected

Impact


20 21

It is expected that this phase continues to work and develop into a more ideal phase, a phase in which the meaning of this principle is deeply embedded in the community radio and becomes a daily con-sistent habit and behavior despite the absence of “insignificant detail” of the program. A culture of monitoring will continually support the emer-gence of transparency and accountability of each development program in their village, not only in PNPM Mandiri-targeted villages. In the most ideal condition, the communities around the community radio have applied the principles of accountability and transparency in real behavior. At this point, ac-countability and transparency should not only be a mere knowledge or understanding but an attitude undertaken in daily actions.

Phases and Forms of Activities

Phases and forms of DISKUSI activities of Phase 2 comprise: • Preparation of the implementing team. The im-plementing team is prepared at two levels, national and provincial. The National Team is made up of CRI with intensive consultation with the Control Working Group of PNPM Mandiri and the com-munications team of PSF, and the provincial imple-menting team is made up of the provincial facilita-tors and their staff.• Initial assessment to determine locations. It is made through direct assessment (exploration) to the field by provincial facilitators. The exploration also involves the association of community radio (Com-munity Radio Network at the district or provincial level) and local implementing unit of PNPM.• Initiating cooperation with the Community Radio Network/association that supports community ra-dio in each province.

Since we broadcasted

news about the PNPM

Mandiri, more questions

and complaints from the

communities have been

filed to us. Talk show

programs often become an

opportunity to clarify a

particular case

Latif Rohyana, an administrator of the

community radio Rasi FM Jabar when conduction

a visit together with The World Bank tgl 29

Desember 2010.


22 23

Preparation

Early Socialitation

National Production

Training

Facilitation and local production

Strengthening Role of Radio in Community

Encourage Collaboration between actors

Encourage Community care and Participation

• Baseline survey to see the role of community ra-dio in the community as one of the media alter-natives of socializing and monitoring development programs. To follow up the baseline survey, at the end of the program, an evaluation is conducted on the participation and innovations made by the com-munityradio partners to be subsequently given an apprecia-tion (reward).• Assistance and capacity building (training) by the provincial facilitators to community radio, both class training and on-the-job training.• To encourage the initial phase, the national team produces basic (audio) materials on the PNPM pro-gram disseminated throughout the community ra-dio of the DISKUSI program partners.• In the next phase, as the assistance process works, the community radio is involved in producing audio materials in the form of news, public service adver-tisements (PSA), talk shows and bulletins tailored to local culture and the cycle of PNPM implementa-tion in the respective region.• Meetings between the community radio involved and the implementing/management unit of PNPM and efforts to encourage the resolution toward the findings of the monitoring results.• Specific assistance to several community radios that produce more in-depth investigation news about cases related to the PNPM Mandiri revealed through the community reports.• At the end of the program, a test trial of SMS Gateway system is conducted to facilitate the han-dling of complaints received by the community ra-dio so as to get an immediate response from the facilitators of the related programs.

Phases & Forms

of Activities

Diagram

World Bank Monitoring and evaluation team at Sunia Wangi COmmunity Radio, West Kalimantan


24 25

SECTION 2Collaboration with

Community Radio

Director

ProgramCoordinator

CoordinatorAssistant

Program CoordinationCashier Finance & Administration

Province ofNAD Facilitator

Province of NorthSumatera Facilitator

Province of LampungFacilitator

Province of West Java Facilitator

Province of Central JavaFacilitator

Province of NTB Facilitator

Province of WestKalimantanFacilitator

Province of South SulawesiFacilitator

Province ofSulawesi TenggaraFacilitator

Audio ContentAnalysis& Bulletin

Cashier Finance

Administration and Finance Coordination

Community Radio

Diagram

Organization of the program

implementing

unit diagram

SECTION 2: COLLABORATION WITH COMMUNITY RADIO

26 27

Radio talk shows has proved to be effective in opening dialogues between community and the program implementing units, including the govern-ment officials at the village level. Radio can play a role in mediating public restlessness arising from the program implementation which they deem lack of transparency. This can be found in Central Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara.

In November 2010, the Community Radio, Tal-enta FM located in the Barejulat village, Jonggat Sub-District, Central Lombok District, West Nusa Tenggara held an on-air dialogue with the commu-nity members. The broadcaster opened opportuni-ties for the listeners to respond or to ask questions by telephone. A listener then asked a question as to why the RPJMDes (Village Middle- Term Development Plan) had not been made until that time. The listener expressed his/her concern over misappropriation of some program funds by the Pengenjek Village Secretary.

Responding to the tendentious accusation, a journalist of the Community Radio Talenta FM contacted the Secretary to ask him/her to be a resource person in the next Dialogue Program and to clarify issues circulating at the community level.

Unfortunately, at that time, the Secretary was not available to broadcast on air, but the journalist of the Community Radio Talenta FM was invited to interview him/her at the Village office. Finally, the Secretary conceded that the fund was still temporarily borrowed and he/she asked them not to publicize the issue. However, the village of-ficial promised to hold a special meeting with the community members and the related parties for


28 29

clarification. Facilitated by the Community Radio Talenta FM, a special meeting was held by inviting the involved parties to clarify the real issue, with the Village Secretary ending up paying back the borrowed funds.

DISKUSI phase IAugust 2009 – May 2010

Community radio as a medium of socialization, supervision and mediation was tested in 2003 by 15 community radio stations from three provinces; West Java, Yogyakarta and NTB. The big oppor-tunities for community radio in facilitating com-munity participation to promote the establishment of PNPM Mandiri in a more transparent and ac-countable manner bolstered the implementation of DISKUSI program in August 2009. COMBINE Resource Institution as the implementing agency conducted a feasibility study on a number of com-munity radio partners in six provinces, including: Aceh, North Sumatera, West Java, Central Java, West Nusa Tenggara and South Sulawesi. Up to May 2010, the program had partnered with 97 community radio stations categorized into regular and intensive partners. The categorization was made merely to accommodate the varied condi-tions of community radio, related to the capacity of production, management and equipment.

Community radio categorized into the regular part-ner plays more roles as a medium of socialization and is aimed at producing 1 ILM per month and 4 news per month. While the community radio of intensive category is considered to have better conditions of management, human resources and equipment, so as to be targeted to produce eight news stories per month, 1 ILM per month, 2 talk-shows per month and to print community news-

letters per newspapers on a two-monthly basis. Community radio of intensive category is intended to be more capable of becoming a 2-way commu-nication media of the parties related to the PNPM Mandiri, in order to encourage the community-based monitoring and evaluation processes. In its implementation, the capacity of several community radios improved. As a result, they moved from regular to intensive category. However, there were some community radios confronted with prob-lems, particularly those associated with damaged equipment and regeneration/HR.

Evaluation results at the end of the program concluded the need for the sustainability of the existing partnerships. The six-month period was deemed insufficient to see improvements in several aspects, as follows:

1. Improved capacity of radio management in managing contents with the degree of com-plexity from socializing to investigating, and in helping solve problems.

2. Improved capacity of provincial facilitators in providing assistance to the community radio partners and in building multi-party coopera-tion in the PNPM program

3. Improved understanding of the community media on various aspects and working mecha-nisms in the PNPM program, and

4. Improved understanding and awareness of the PNPM program implementing units on the social roles and functions of community radio.

5. Opportunities for more optimal results by taking into account the improvement efforts in the aspects had encouraged the implemen-tation of Phase 2. As a result, in June 2010, with new partners in three provinces, DIS-KUSI subsequently provided facilitation in 9 provinces.

Meeting on

result of

monitoring and

evaluation in

Jakarta


30 31

KEY FACT OF PHASE I :

Location:Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatera, West Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara

47 Cities/Districts, 116 Sub-districts, 1,379 Villages

PeriodeJuly 2009 – March 2010

Beneficiaries:• Local community • PNPM Mandiri implementing unit• Local government• Community Radio

DISKUSI Program of Phase I showed that com-munity radio could encourage community involve-ment in monitoring the implementation of PNPM Mandiri. At the early phase of the program, com-munity radio, with its broadcasting materials and newsletters, naturally played a significant role as a means of socialization so that people knew more about the PNPM Mandiri. At the next phase, there were many questions, complaints and cases raised by the community radio from the people. There were even several questions and cases that could be resolved with the facilitation of the com-munity radio. Though the progress and success achieved were not spread evenly in 6 provinces of DISKUSI participants, it encouraged the related parties to continue the implementation of the DISKUSI program into Phase II, given that the community media still had many potentials and the implementation of PNPM Mandiri was still

continued. As a result, community participation and community media were still required to over-see its implementation.

“As Arli FM first announced that the PNPM Man-diri had existed in our area, hopefully Arli FM continued broadcasting news on PNPM Mandiri” Column of listener speaks page 8, Arli FM Jabar bulletin (08191238XXXX), edition of October 2009 “People need information about the implementa-tion of PNPM Mandiri, so .... if the DISKUSI pro-gram ends, how can we produce newsletters and conduct a talk show?, said Fery Lazuardi (Fey), manager of RSC Community Radio, Batununggal Sub-district, Bandung City.

Ankasa

Community Radio

FM founding

facilitation

Working together in mutual cooperation to set-up Kembang Community Radio FM


32 33

DISKUSI phase II June – December 2010

Assessment of Community Radio of DISKUSI Program Partners

Community radio of the DISKUSI program part-ners was selected based on secondary (document) and primary (field) assessment. This assessment used tools developed by the National team and was discussed jointly by the whole provincial team of consultants/facilitators.

In the DISKUSI of Phase II, re-assessment was made to all community radio stations involved in the previous period. It was undertaken to check the latest conditions of community radio stations and their readiness and willingness to be involved in Phase II. Though the process had been properly conducted, data of partners changed every time. This represented the dynamic nature of commu-nity radio. As an illustration, data on the results of the secondary and primary assessment obtained in August-September 2010 showed that there were 152 names of community radio potential and avail-able to participate in the DISKUSI program.

However, in their course, several community radio stations were forced to withdraw due to technical unpreparedness. As a result, up to December 2010, the total number of community radio stations of the DISKUSI program partners had only reached 149 stations in nine provinces located in 64 dis-tricts, covering more than 418 sub-districts and reaching effectively 2845 villages.

No Province Number Broadcasting Coverage of RADIO Villages Sub-District1 West JAVA 24 381 702 Central JAVA 18 270 543 ACEH 23 1034 474 West NUSA TENGGARA 22 147 515 North SUMATERA 9 218 376 South SULAWESI 15 225 457 Southeast SULAWESI 15 225 458 West KALIMANTAN 15 225 459 LAMPUNG 8 120 24

Total 149 2845 418

Number of

community radio

stations,

villages, and

sub-districs

Distribution map of community radio network

training facilitation in East Nusa Tengggara by the provincial facilitator

The conditions of community radio continued changing any time along the program implemen-tation. The dynamics made several community radio stations shifted both from both regular to intensive category and vice versa. The increased category usually occurred due to motivation of the community radio managers themselves, while the decreased category was more often caused by “vul-nerable” conditions of community radio stations, both technical and non-technical.


34 35

Provincial-level workshop and training Provincial-level workshop is often called launching program. The workshop is intended to socialize the existence, objectives and targets as well as fu-ture cooperation plans with the parties related to PNPM Mandiri program. This event was attended by local government representatives, consultant representatives and PNPM Mandiri implementing units at provincial/district level, as well as com-munity radio and its association. At the end of the workshop, a common agreement was built to promote the realization of the transparency and accountability principles involving communities as the key implementing units through community media (community radio and bulletin).

A follow-up plan with the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM Mandiri post-workshop was one of the agendas mandated. However,

KEY FACT OF PHASE II

Location:Nangroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatera, Lampung, West Kalimantan, West Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi, South-East Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara.

64 cities/districts418 sub-districts2.845 villages

Periode : June – December 2010

Beneficiaries:• Local community• PNPM Mandiri implementing unit• Local government • Community radio

As long as there is no letter issued by PNPM at the district or sub-district level, stat-ing the existence of cooperation between the community radio and PNPM, it is still difficult for us to cooperate with the facilitators of PNPM Mandiri at local level Hidayat (Facilitator of North Sumatera Prov-ince during the work-shop on the preparation of DISKUSI II in Yogya-karta, September 2010).

The trip to Ketapang

District is very far.

It will take 2-3

days to get to and

from there by boat,

how about the other

community radios?

That is why we give

priority on technical

assistance rather

than on coordination

with the P NPM

facilitators.

Demanhuri (facilitator

of West Kalimantan

province) at the workshop

of launching the program

of DISKUSI II

Coordination with the implementing units of PNPM Mandiri proved to be easier at the provincial level than that at district/sub-district/village levelAdi Rumansyah from his mentoring experience dur-ing the program of DISKUSI I & II in West Java.

coordination problems were encountered due to geographical conditions and technical capabilities of the community radio. For instance, in West Kalimantan and Southeast Sulawesi, facilitator of DISKUSI and facilitator of PNPM Mandiri were forced to prioritize technical assistance on the community radio partners rather than on coordina-tion assistance.

Training system with a pattern centered at pro-vincial level is recognized as having difficulties in gathering participants. Due to limited costs, community radio partners could only send one delegate. On the other hand, not all community radio stations could send their delegate because of geographic conditions, particularly in areas such as West Kalimantan, Southeast Sulawesi, or Aceh. The delegation system also resulted in the limited number of trained community radio managers so as to create problems in delivering the knowledge and skills obtained to other colleagues.

PNPM Mandiri Workshop and Comprehension Training and Journalistic for radio community in west Kalimantan


36 37

roles and functions of community radio in their respective region. Availability and commitment of the Community Radio Networks to supporting the DISKUSI agenda at district and provincial level are also marked by a special contract with CRI. The forms of cooperation undertaken are for example regular meetings to discuss the findings and dif-ficulties facing community radio in their respective area.

Cooperation with PNPM Mandiri

The Community Radio Merah Putih (MP) FM in Pekalongan, Central Java has cooperated with PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan (PNPM for Urban Ar-eas) to collectively fill the community bulletins pro-duced by the MP FM and funded by the PNPM Mandiri. The implementing units/facilitators of PNPM Perkotaan have become active contributors to each edition of Merah Putih bulletin issued on a two-monthly basis. This bulletin has also assisted in disseminating information on PNPM Mandiri posted on the information board of PNPM Man-diri and in other strategic places.

National and local production of broadcasting materials

No Provinces News ILM Talkshow Bulletins 1 Aceh 1.058 147 213 512 North Sumatera 212 23 28 143 Lampung 145 10 3 04 West Java 767 130 100 235 Central Java 343 62 36 106 NTB 711 107 128 307 Sulawesi Tenggara 42 15 2 08 South Sulawesi 90 14 15 39 West Kalimantan 112 14 0 0

Total 3.480 517 525 131

Creativity and innovation were carried out by the facilitator of Aceh Province (Wahyu MK) when the production training for the community radio managers was conducted. Due to difficult geo-graphical conditions and long distance among the community radio stations, the provincial facilita-tors were forced to change the training design which was originally centralized at the provinvial capital (Banda Aceh). It was eventually divided into three clusters. Cluster I consisted of the region of Banda Aceh City, Pidi and Pidie Jaya. Cluster II comprised the Region of Bireuen and North Aceh while Cluster III covered the Region of Aceh Jaya, West Aceh, Southwest Aceh and South Aceh. The pattern of this model was more effec-tive as all of the community radio representa-tives could be present. The provincial facilitators subsequently would lived in during the program implementation where community radio existed while conducting the mentoring and capacity bu-liding to improve the capacity of the community radio volunteers.

Cooperation with the Regional Community Radio Networks/Associations

Cooperation with the Community Radio Networks (community radio associations), or institutions concerned with community radio (e.g. FKRK - Community Radio Communications Forum in Aceh) was strengthened in all provinces, though with different levels of cooperation. The coopera-tion pattern of Aceh, North Sumatera, Lampung, West Java, Central Java, NTB and South Sulawesi Provinces has relatively been formed. Southeast Sulawesi Province is still seeking an ideal coop-eration pattern, while West Kalimantan has not established a Community Radio Network so that there has been no institution providing assistance for community radio stations there. Forms of co-operation are generally for developing networks and building capacity as well as monitoring the Number of productions

(News, ILM, Talk shows,

Bulletins)

Ankasa Community Radio FM Manager in discussion


38 39

Radio Khairatunnisa on air

Title The best sub-districtFormat News Radio Murba FM, Aceh Banda Baru sub-district in North Aceh is categorized as the best sub-district in the distribution and payment of SPP as it is in accord-ance with the time collectively agreed” said Muslih, secretary of the Banda Baru UPK

Title SPP positively responded in PNPM Format NewsRadio Samalanga FM, AcehAssalamualaikum wr.wb./Nice to meet with kaka (brother) in the program of PNPM Mandiri/Listeners/the Head of Sawang Lauh vil-lage Jefri S.Sos expressed/SPP program in PNPM was very positively responded by the people, particularly mothers/proof of the positive response was the high number of loan proposals in 2011\\Meanwhile Riyanto SH/Facilitator of Kudor Barat sub-district when confirmed by Jodi Mandiri in his office said mothers were increasingly interested in the SPP program from day to day/ in 2010 its fund amounted to 500 million/and all of the funds had been absorbed\\Even the exist-ing groups had not received the fund at the time of verification\\Many groups have currently received funds from the revolving fund \\ Jefri Tal expected that the SPP program could really be used in accordance with the initial objective/ program was aimed at assisting the poor people’s economy/ in the case of proposals which had not been real-ized, he asked people to be patient/since the revolving program/each reasonable proposal would be definitely realized with the revolving programs.

Title People of PNPM Mandiri Main ActorsFormat ILM Radio Barona FM, AcehA: Mat, it seems that I’m going back to MalaysiaB: Why are you going back?A: In our village, there has been no job.B: Ah, you just be calm, in 2011 there will be many jobs

A: So, working with whomB: PNPM Mandiri, in 2011 it will provide funds for our sub-district in the amount of 3 BillionB: Later, when the PNPM Mandiri gives contracting works rather than by-turn ones, so what, the skilled laborer chief will not select me as his/her memberA: It is not possible, we will propose that the activities will be under-taken by turn, we are as a community, as the main implementing unit of PNPM MandiriReff: Jingle PNPM (PNPM Mandiri has created jobs and reduced un-employment. Let us undertake PNPM properly, as it is by and for us.)

Title Priority of Proposed Main ActivitiesFormat ILMRadio Kembang FM, Aceh A: Assalamualaikum wr.wb.B: Wassalamu’alaikum wr.wbA: Please come in, what’s wrong, you look very tiredB: Oh Mrs Ani, the road to your house is really bad A: The road to my village has never been repaired, especially if the rainy season comes, the road will be muddy and damagedB: Yesterday, we already proposed it to PNPM MandiriA: PNPM Mandiri!B: That’s a national program of community empowerment, this pro-gram is from and for usA: Wow, that’s good, we can walk smoothly every day

Examples of Communities Radio’s Audio

Material


40 41

Examples of Communities Radio’s Audio

Material

Title Self-support and people’s enthusiasmFormat NewsRadio Mtass FM, West Java The National Program for Community Empowerment, PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan in Tanjungsari Sub-district has now really been under-stood by the community members. It can be seen from the enthusi-asm and self-help of the Kutamandiri Village people in Tanjungsari Sub-districtIt was said by the Kutamandiri village chief Haris A.S told Mtas FM that Kutamandiri villagers had currently understood the program of PNPM Mandiri. It was because people were very enthusiastic with every development undertaken in Kutamandiri village, even many gave what they had whether it be materials or energyIsmail FM MTAS Sumedang reported

Title Rancang Gawe BabarenganFormat News Radio RSC FM, West Java On 17 October 2010, Cibangkong village people simultaneously car-ried out activities of the program of PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan in 13 RW in Cibangkong village. One or two days before, materials received from community members in their respective area were distributed.“It is very exciting to see people working together to develop their area” said M. Gani, chairman of Ksm from BKM Mitra Karya, Cibang-kong Village amid his activities

Title New Coordinator of BKM Sejahtera Support BKL FM Format NewsRadio BKL FM, NTBThe coordinator of BKM Sejahtera for the period 2010-2013, Samsul Bahri S.Pd. (13/8), strongly supported the existence of BKL FM as cross-mediation between all BKM and PNPM Mandiri facilitators throughout Masbagik Sub-district, for discussion, socialization and dissemination of information on activities of the BKM Sejahtera in this third period. Therefore, synchronization is required between the

activities and human resources possessed by the BKM members where 75% are new faces in the third period. As a result, mentor-ing is required in accordance with the standard procedures of BKM Sejahtera

Title Village that Has Yet to Be Developed MaximallyFormat NewsRadio Gelora FM, Nusa Tenggara barat One of villagers/Mukmin/who is also a member of the Village Moni-toring Team (TMD)/In regards to activities of PNPM MANDIRI RURAL in Jerowaru Sub-district/he deplored the attitudes on the part of the village administration that did not seem to give full support to the people/In undertaking activities of the PNPM Mandiri /Especially in Pemongkong village, Jerowaru Sub-district, East Lombok//a number of development activities carried out to date/ were proposed on the basis of desire/ not of community needs//This was conveyed by Mukmin/in an exclusive interview some time ago//INSERT”

Bahana Suara FM broadcasting schedule


42 43

DISKUSI program has encouraged community radio stations to produce more local contents that reflect the dynamics of information and commu-nication need that develops in society. In this way, the community radio stations become socially and culturally close to listeners and they can also serve as a source of information.

From the period of June to mid-December 2010, as many as 4,522 audio works (3480 news, 517 ILM, 525 Talkshows) had been produced and aired repeatedly by both regular community radio sta-tions and intensive ones.

In terms of content percentage, around 81% is about PNPM Mandiri-related information and the remaining 19% is about non-PNPM Mandiri-related issues. Out of the whole information about PNPM Mandiri, 68.73% is cases, 10.31 % success stories, 3.69% responses from residents, and 1.79% responses from implementers or consultants of PNPM Mandiri.

Meanwhile the printed community media (com-munity newspapers and bulletins) produced by community radio of intensive category numbered 131 editions (57% of the targeted 230 editions). In terms of content percentage, 58% of informa-tion is about the PNPM Mandiri and the remaining 42% is non-PNPM Mandiri-related information. Out of the whole information about the PNPM Mandiri, 42.19% news stories; 12.93% is cases; 9.64% success stories; 3.88% responses from com-munity members and 4.70% responses from im-plementers or consultants of PNPM Mandiri.

At the level of community radio, the cooperation between the community radio and the PNPM is generally established jointly by executives of com-munity radio and those of BKM, UPK, FK (Sub-district Facilitator), Faskel (Village Facilitator) and

diagram of

production

analysis

Faskab (District Facilitator). Unfortunately, PNPM response to the number of news items presented in the bulletins produced by community radio is still low (4.70%). This indicates that despite the established cooperation, the community radio and PNPM implementer team have yet to utilize it maximally. Due to the small number of formal cooperation between the community radio and PNPM at the regional level has led PNPM imple-menters to know little about the community media produced by the community radio stations.


44 45

bang Trueng Campli have been released from the problem by PNPM MP. The hope to realize the dream is in front of eyes. Village heads, commu-nity leaders and villagers strongly struggled to fruit the proposed construction of village roads to the fishpond area. Harosuhta Community News-paper of September 2010 edition (Community Radio Harosuhta FM) Raya

The development of PLTA (hydro power plant) in Silou Huluan, Raya sub-district, Simalungun district funded by PNPM MP of 2010 fiscal year could have only been enjoyed by the people for one week. Due to improper techni-cal planning, the hydro power plant was collapsed.

Mitra Community Newspaper of November edition (Commu-nity Radio Mitra FM) Hamparan Perak, North Sumatera

The people of Dusun II, Karang Gad-ing village, Secanggang sub-district, Langkat district, expected that PNPM could build a road in the village. The 850-meter road is a connecting road from the Dusun II to the main village road. The road is always passed by vil-lagers to transport the household handi-craft products such as rumbia roofs and the products of the villagers’ fishpond.

Bulletins

Lingka Geutanyoe Bulletin of September edition (Community Radio Ramada FM)Peudada, NAD

Assistant to Sub-district Facilitator (AFK) Peudada was currently bus-ied with the develeopment of the Village Medium-term Development Plan (RPJMD). In developing this RPJMD, all proposals were filtered from each hamlet. As a result, propos-als prioritized or mostly required by the community at this time could be obtained, and finally the village secre-tary compiled the results of the meet-ings.

Narit Ankasa Bulletin of October-November edition (Community Radio Ankasa FM) Glumpang Baro

The Kumbang Trueng Campli villag-ers are generally rice-field farmers and fish farmers. People settlement with a fishpond area is separated by the rice field. There is no road connecting the settlement to the fishpond, so as to make people hard to reach their fish-pond areas. The condition has lasted long. Many ways have been sought to solve the problem, but all has ended in no results. The villagers of Kum-


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M-TASBulletin of July 2010 edition (Radio Komunitas M-TAS FM) Tanjungsari

It is expected that the community radio M-Tass FM can become the informa-tion media for villagers. Radio M-Tas can provide information required by villagers and give positive examples to the listeners and all community ele-ments in general.

Inspirasi Bulletin of September 2010 edition (Community Radio Rasi FM) Cisewu(Since the beginning, the implemen-tation of physical infrastructure development in Pamalayan village has raised a big question in the eyes of the villagers. It was because there was an assumption that the process of selecting the TPK deviated from the technical operating manuals of the PNPM.

Media Komunitas Sragi Bulletin of Juli 2010 edition (Community Radio PPK FM) Sragi

Mothers managing SPP gather at the sec-retariat of UPK Manis Sragi on a monthly basis to discuss the development of SPP activities in each group and to share ex-perience related to problems frequently encountered by the management. The prob-lems include difficulties in maintaining on-time loan or complaints if outstanding exists and the higher responsibility for managing the loan of their members.

Talenta Bulletin of November edition (Community Radio Talenta FM) Jonggat

RPJMD (Village Medium-Term Development Plan) of the Pangenjek village failed to be conducted. The fund was allegedly diverted by the secretary of the local village.

Geliat Bulletin of July 2010 edition (Community Radio Gelora FM) Keruak

The process of disbursing SPP funds in Batu Putik village dealt with a prob-lem. Two SPP groups in Batu Putik were delayed of their disbursements by UPK of Keruak sub-district. It was because among the 5 groups, two names were the same. As a result, there was an indi-cation that the funds would be misused.


48 49

SMS Gateway is a software using

computer and cellular technology that

is integrated to distribute messages

generated through information system

of Short Message Service provided by

cellular networks

Special Assistance for Investigation

This story began with a talkshow conducted by the Community Radio FM Rasi of Cisewu Village, Cisewu Sub-district, Garut District, West Java, on 20 January 2010. The talkshow presented a Local Facilitator of PNPM Mandiri as a resource person. When the talkshow was underway, a community member filed a complaint via sms, disclosing that one TPK marked up goods expenditures amount-ing to Rp 28 million for the purchase of hose.

In response to the complaint, the manager of the Community Radio Rasi FM helped facilitate the clarification of the issue, with the result conclud-ing that the deviation was true and conceded by the concerned TPK. In consultation with the related parties, an agreement was finally reached. The funds would be returned for proper management by the authorized party.

The Community Radio Rasi FM has succeeded in preparing MoU between Community Radio Rasi FM, BKAD and UPK PNPM of Cisewu subdis-trict. Points contained in the MoU: 1. Community Radio Rasi FM will socialize every PNPM activities in the Cisewu sub-district and will facilitate the PNPM talkshow programs2. PNPM Cisewu will provide information for broadcasting and will be available to become a re-source person in the talkshow activities broadcast by Rasi FM3. PNPM Cisewu sub-district provides a contribu-tion of between Rp 100,000 - 150,000 and year-end budget of Rp 500.000 for Rasi FM.4. Rasi FM will be involved in every meeting or-ganized by the UPK PNPM of Cisewu sub-district in bids to promote transparency in Cisewu sub-district.

SMS Gateway

Today, Short Messaging System (SMS) has be-come the most loved way of communication for our people thanks to its ability to accommodate data in the form messages at relatively affordable price. DISKUSI program conducted a test trial on the use of SMS gateway as a medium to record and follow up complaints and questions related to PNPM from the community. The received SMS was sent to the implementers and facilitators of PNM Mandiri for further response. Thus, com-munication radio stations could broadcast answers from the actors or facilitators of the PNPM Mandiri. Besides, the received SMS was also up-loaded on website SUARA KOMUNITAS (www.suarakomunitas.net), a network portal that houses 380 community reporters from 16 provinces in Indonesia.


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Based on the results of evaluation conducted together with 9 provincial facilitators and the dy-namic conditions of community radio, there were 68 community radio stations of regular category which still required more technical assistance than those of intensive category. Individual ca-pabilities/skills on investigation journalism still needed to be enhanced. In addition, self-identity (Id Card) of community press proved to become the need of reporters in the field.

In general, assistance in the program of DISKUSI II was focused on the aspects of (1) technical as-sistance (production expertise, broadcast, etc.) and (2) network development (cooperation with PNPM Mandiri and other parties to support the sustain-ability of the cooperation and the radio itself). In 6 provinces, emphasis on the two aspects relatively worked well, but in 3 new provinces, the imple-mentation of assistance in the network develop-ment was still far from optimal. The fundamental issues, such as technical factors and low produc-tion capacity were still frequently encountered by the managers of community radio.

We are often rejected by the Bureaucracy in the field for not bringing an Id Card. Murdin (Journalist of Community Radio Pantura FM) NTB. Saif Usman (the one responsible for producing news stories) of the Community Radio Srikandi FM Abdya Aceh had similar experience. He was rejected by the implementing unit of PNPM Rural

Evaluation and Reward

EvaluationMonitoring the program implementation and achievements is undertaken by CRI with two sys-tems. The first system is to monitor in reference to the monthly report to know the productivity level of community radio and facilitators in assisting community radio in their province.

The second system is to make direct visits to the community radio and to talk directly with provincial DISKUSI facilitators. Field visits are conducted by the CRI team both the national facilitator team and provincial facilitators by cross-monitoring to facilitate the exchange of experience among provinces.

Reflection of the program of DISKUSI Phase 2 in Bandung

Students’ participation

in community radio

Cross-monitoring is conducted by provincial fa-cilitators of different provinces. It is undertaken in order that the facilitators can learn lessons from other locations. Cross-monitoring was conducted by the Facilitator of Aceh Province by visiting North Sumatera province (November 2010). It was undertaken considering that Aceh was more pro-ductive, As a result, Aceh was expected to share its experience to improve performance in North Sumatera. The second cross-monitoring was con-ducted by the facilitator of West Java province to Lampung province (November 2010). It was based on the consideration that Lampung province had just joined in DISKUSI II and West Java province had better performance. As a result, the facilita-tor of West Java was expected to share experi-ences to assist in the implementation of DISKUSI II in Lampung.


52 53

Community radio has been successful in facilitating the handling of problems in the PNPM Mandiri. Problem handling is started with the broadcast of public complaints through radio and is subsequently followed by further investigation by the manager of the radio. Community Radio MBS FM-South Sulawesi is a case in point. MBS FM successfully clarified growing misperception on the SPP funds. Local residents thought that SPP funds did not need to be paid back. The community radio broadcast a view that what local residents had believed that the SPP funds should not be paid back was wrong. The radio then explained what SPP funds was all about. Thanked to the on air explanation, local residents became increasingly familiar with the SPP funds. As a result, the level of loan payment increased and even local residents entrusted manager of the Community Radio MBS FM to be part of an Activity Supervisory Team in their village.

Community Radio Awards

At the end of the program, an evaluation was conducted on the participation and innovation undertaken by the community radio stations in-volved. Rewards were given to several commu-nity radio stations for their special innovation in implementing DISKUSI Phase 2. Objective assessment of the community radio condi-tion to was conducted to find out which radio stations deserved an award. The awards were expected to serve as a stimulant for other com-munity radios to improve their performance. The award given was in accordance with the need of the community radio.

Out of the 149 community radio stations of regular and intensive category, selected 18 de-served the award. They include Community Radio Kembang, Ankasa, Barona, Genta and Kharatunnisa (Aceh), Citra Melati, Mase, Rasi, RSC and Cahaya Fajar (West Java), Talenta, Primadona, Pantura, Gelora and Bragi (NTB), Merah Putih and KFM (Central Java) and Mitra (North Sumatra).

Aside from the selected 18 community radio stations, two Community Radio Networks in West Java also received an award for their strong support to community radio stations in their respective region, especially for their efforts to keep them motivated to supervise development activities in their region.

Award for community radio in West Java

Award for community radio in Aceh

SECTION 3: LEARNING

5554

Section 3Learning

SECTION 3: LEARNING

56 57

Baseline Survey

At the early implementation of the DISKUSI of phase 2, a baseline survey was conducted among people in the area of DISCUSSION of phase 1 to see if community radio was an effective medium to bridge discussions between people and the imple-menting units and facilitators of PNPM Mandiri.

Results of the baseline survey indicate 5 (five) pre-liminary important findings, including:

1. People’s knowledge on PNPM MandiriMost people have already known about PNPM Mandiri (85%), and the remaining 15% of them do not know. From 85% of the people who know PNPM Mandiri, 73% of them find it easy to get information about PNPM Mandiri, 17% find dif-ficulties, 7% do not know and 3% give different answers.

The findings indicate that PNPM Mandiri is a program which is very popular in the people’s eyes. However, when questions are subsequently asked, most people are still difficult to access to infor-mation about PNPM Mandiri. In the context of knowing, it means that they know, ever heard, but do not yet understand what PNPM Mandiri is (de-finition, types of programs, phases and the amount of funds).

2. Community radio as a medium of people’s option Most people obtain information about PNPM Mandiri through facilitators or the implementing units of PNPM Mandiri directly (32%). However, 25% of respondents selected community media, including community radio to access to informati-on on PNPM Mandiri. The other alternative me-

SECTION 3: LEARNING

58 59

dium is an information board (21%), which is still deemed quite effective to socialize PNPM Mandiri.

Findings indicate that community radio stations have opportunities to assist the role of facilitators and the implementing units of PNPM in instilling knowledge and understanding on PNPM Mandiri. It is due to community radio stations which are able to adjust the broadcasting time with the time of their people listening to radio. In addition, the broadcasting materials of community radio sta-tions are very close to the daily activities of their people. Unlike private radio stations, community radio stations do not count their broadcasting hours with certain amount of money to broad-cast information required by their communities. Therefore, the contributions given by programs or institution to change the broadcasting hours of community radio stations are very flexible. One broadcasting material on programs or institutions is likely to be broadcasted for hundreds of times only with one contribution.

3. SMS as a medium of distributing responsesSMS (short messages services) is the main opti-on of the people in responding to information delivered by community radio (56%). The other response options are made by people in a way of directly visiting community radio (24%) or making a telephone call (19%). The tendency of people to convey their responses/complaints through SMS is a potential that can be managed by the implemen-ting units/facilitators of PNPM Mandiri. In this case, community radio is an alternative medium for the people in forwarding their aspirations/respon-ses to the implementing unit/facilitators PNPM Mandiri.

4. Responses of the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM to com-munity radio Eighty-seven percent (87%) of the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM interviewed have known the existence of community radio, and the remaining 13% do not yet know community radio their regions. 98% of the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM who have known community radio consider the need for community radio as a medium of socialization and information about PNPM Mandiri. These findings indicate that most of the imple-menting units/facilitators of PNPM Mandiri have known community radio. It is an alternative me-dium that will assist the implementing units/facili-tators in socializing and informing their programs. Community radio has become a complementary medium for the existing community media (in-formation boards, community member meetings, community member bulletins, banners, and leaflets). Specific and local news content makes community radio close to the people. As a result, the media have sufficient opportunities to become information media for people at the community level. The more alternative media used in socia-lizing program PNPM, the bigger the chance of information conveyed to the wider community.

SECTION 3: LEARNING

60 61

5. Form of Cooperation between Community Radio & PNPM Mandiri Cooperation between the Community Radio and PNPM Mandiri takes the form of participation of the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM Mandiri as resource persons in producing audio materials by community radio. They become resource persons in the exchange of news (27%), ILM on PNPM (25%), and talk shows (20%). Cooperation at the stage of direct participation still needs to be improved, as the preliminary fin-dings indicate that the managers of community radio are still very rarely invited to attend meetings conducted by PNPM (11%).

PNPM Information Bulletin

Board in Nangroe Aceh

Darussalam

Baseline surveyDiagram

SECTION 3: LEARNING

62 63

• Integrationof communitymediaintoot-heralternativemedia.

The existing community media both radio and bulletins have advantages and disadvantages. Sev-eral community radio stations in the DISKUSI program have developed a pattern of media inte-gration, such as bulletins produced by community radio stations put on the information boards of PNPM Mandiri, off air dialogues with people and village-level officials, and cooperation with local media.

This story began when PNPM MP Monitoring Team delivered information to the Community Radio Primadona FM NTB about a supplier car-rying materials for constructing PNPM-funded Posyandu (Integrated Service Post) at night. The Community Radio subsequently reported the case to the people. In response to the report, the peo-ple reviewed the materials and found that they did not meet the specifications , which led the com-munity members to reject them. Thanked to the report, the supplier finally agreed to replace the materials in accordance with the specifications expected by local residents.

The community radio broadcasting has raised people’s awareness about the importance of par-ticipating in the implementation of PNPM Man-diri. It can also serve as a forum through which people can involve directly in undertaking PNPM Mandiri program, particularly in supervision.

Positive Learning

The DISKUSI program implemented in 9 pro-vinces during 15 months has given many lessons learned so as to create several recommendations for further implementation.

• Empoweringcommunityradioandthesurroundingpeople

In this program, capacity building was intensively conducted to the community radio stations so that they had capabilities to mobilize people to convey their aspirations and to oversee the implementation of development in their region. The different le-vels of technical capabilities and readiness of each community radio is a separated challenge which requires assistance that can always be tailored to the needs of each community radio.

Therefore, mapping the capabilities and needs of community radio and the networks/associations of community radio in the region is crucial. In addition, the development of operational manuals, training modules, evaluation systems, and patterns of knowledge exchange should be improved for further implementation.

SECTION 3: LEARNING

64 65

Monggas is one of the villages receiving block grants from PNPM Perkotaan (PNPM Mandiri Urban) in North Sumatra. Local residents work together to finalize the construction of concrete roads funded by PNPM and partly on their own. Initially, many local residents did not know and frequently asked as to where the funding for the development was sourced from. Most of them did not know where to ask about it. Thanks to tenacity of the members of BKM, KSM and Kadus (hamlet head) who always conduct socialization to the community, added with the installation of a com-munity bulletin on a strategic information board, ultimately the residents can directly read infor-mation on the current activities of PNPM Mandiri. In this way, the community can know better about PNPM Mandiri and stop asking as to how much funds spent on any program because it has al-ready been informed on the information board of PNPM. (Mitra Bulletin, July 2010).

• Participationof theimplementingunitsandfacilitatorsPNPMMandiri.

DISKUSI will not take place if there are not two parties mutually exchanging information. In implementing DISKUSI, active participation of the implementing units and facilitators of PNPM Mandiri is often very low. They are too busy with the deadlines of completing programs so to poorly prioritize efforts on delivering information through community radio to improve transparency. In addition, reluctance will often emerge when many false allegations are aimed at the implement-ing units and the facilitators themselves.

Muhammad Syairi is the Director of Community Muhammad Syairi, Director of Community Radio Primadona FM in North Lombok , NTB, always raised local news in each community radio broad-casting, particularly in North Lombok District. He never missed reporting a wide range of ongoing development programs, including news about the PNPM Mandiri activities. As one of the DISKUSI program partners, Community Radio Primadona FM also runs news stories on the community bulletin LONTAR (Lombok Berita Nuansa Utara) in addition to broadcasting news through the community radio. Due to his frequent broadcast-ing news stories through Community Radio Pri-madona FM, a local newspaper BERITA in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) was interested in recruiting Muhammad Syairi to become a local contributor in North Lombok Region.

Thanks to the program integration between Com-munity Radio Primadona Radio FM and BERITA NTB, news reports from Bayan sub-district can be heard and known by residents of North Lom-bok Regency. Thus, the exchange of information can serve as learning materials for residents sur-rounding the community radio stations.

SECTION 3: LEARNING

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In the next implementation, various efforts need to be undertaken to enhance awareness of the implementing units and facilitators of PNPM Mandiri in regard to the importance of efficiently using community media to promote transparency and accountability, including the awareness that efforts to clarify the false allegations can even be made through community media. The efforts can be official support from the relevant ministries or the implementation of additional training and an award as an appreciation for innovations that have been made in the use of media for transparency and accountability. The awareness and capacity of community radio managers in managing inves-tigation news must also be improved in order to always create balanced news.

A planned broadcasting of DISKUSI program jointly run by Community Radio Srikandi FM of the Tangan Tangan Sub-district, Aceh Barat Daya district, Aceh Province and local facilitator was initially unable to run because the facilitator refused to provide expected information on PNPM MP to the community radio. The reason was Srikandi FM once broadcast news without first asking for clari-fication from the PNPM facilitator. The facilitator’s refusal to give the material led to a rising tension as the community radio accused the concerned facilitator of being uncooperative while, the facilitator regarded the community radio as having no good intention by not first asking for a clarification on the negative news about PNPM Mandiri. As Srikandi FM did not want the incident to drag on, a journalist of the com-munity radio was assigned to hold a meeting to clarify the problem. Following more detailed explanations, the PNPM facilitator finally agreed to support and cooperate in the delivery of information to the people through Community Radio Srikandi FM. Now, Community Radio Srikandi FM manager and local PNPM Mandiri facili-tators have established a harmonious relationship. Facilitators of the Tangan Tangan Sub-district often invite community radio manager to attend working meetings of PNPM Mandiri and on the other hand, the manager of community radio also frequently invites the facilitator of PNPM Mandiri to become a re-source person in talkshows conducted by the Community Radio Srikandi FM

• Managementof documentationandreporting

A range of stories about innovations made by com-munity radio, the implementing units/facilitators of PNPM Mandiri, or people had occurred within 15 months of the implementation of DISKUSI 1 and 2. A number of stories about cooperation in resolving or preventing a variety of cases in PNPM Mandiri have also been widely uncovered. Therefore, the documentation system is very significant to encourage program replication in other regions. The use of SMS Gateway, documentation of activities through bulle-tins and the use of community-based website consti-tute documentation patterns that should be sustained.

The use of Suara Komunitas website in the DIS-KUSI program is one of the strategies to seek sustainable functions and benefits of the pro-gram. Each community radio has a username and password provided by the editor or the manager of Suara Komunitas existing in the CRI (Combine Resource Institute). Therefore, community radio stations may upload any news they produced by themselves. News they produce include those which have been aired on radio and published in bulletins/ community newspapers. This “Internet magazine” has a concept where each community radio is its contributor. The expected impact is that though DISKUSI program has ended, the “voice” of community members can still be heard both locally (through community radio broad-casts) and in the wider world through internets.

SECTION 4: ATTACHMENTS

6968

• Licensing

It is the time for community radio as an entity which has been governed by legislations (Law No. 32 / 2002 on Broadcasting) to straighten out itself in terms of broadcasting requirements and licens-ing. This will strengthen the bargaining position and sustainability aspects of community media when they make a partnership with other parties. Reinforcement and special assistance in this aspect should be paid attention.

• EncouragingSustainabilityof Communi-tyRadio

Technical and operational constraints often remain the major obstacles to community radio. The dam-aged equipment, low participation of the people in actively managing community radio in their region, and the absence of operating costs frequently result in the death of community radio. Efforts to promote the sustainability of community radio in terms of small business training, partnerships with various institutions, and regeneration patterns should also be paid attention to by this program.

Section 4Attachment


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ACEH PROVINCE

1. INTENSIVE CATEGORY

1. Angkasa FMGampong Palong, Kec. Glumpang Baro, Kab. PidieAbdullah said085310727425Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

2. Barona FMDs. Blang Kejeren, Labuhan Haji Barat, Aceh SelatanIbu Rosmindar085260970231Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

3. Darsa FMJl. Lambaro Angan, Gedung Serbagunaa Kantor Camat Lambaro Angan, Aceh BesarMariani081360080100Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

4. Dewantara FMJl. Rel Kereta Api No.6, Ds. Bangka Jaya Kr. Geukeuh, Dewantara, Aceh Utara

Muhammad Fazil, ST085260086062Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

5. Genta FMJl. Nasional, Ds Ujong Padang, Susoh, AbdyaDeni Sunanda081263314333Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

List of Radio of DISKUSI Partners

6. Gisa FMJl. Gampoeng Teungoeh, Babah Bulon, Sawang, Aceh UtaraT.Ismail Alba, ST085260912345Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

7. Kembang FMJl. Tgk. Sik Dipasie, Pasar Keudee Ie LeubeueSamsul Qamar08526014442Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

8. Khairatunnisa FMJl. Nasional, Ds Alue Padee, Kuala Batee, Aceh Barat DayaIbu Nur Ainun081269573030Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

9. Lamkuta FMJl. TPI Kuala Kiran, Meunasah Bereumbang, Jangkabuya, Pidie JayaYusranita Gugis081269027575Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

10. Al-Jumhur FM Jl. Medan- Banda Aceh Kec.Simpang Mamplam, Kab. BireunMusdar Al ahzar085260134631Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG


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11. Murba FMJl. Medan – Banda Aceh, Gp. Meunasah Abroh, Krueng ManeFadli085260441441Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

12. Ramada FMJl. Rel Kereta Api, Komplek Kantor Desa Muenasah Baroh (SP5) Peudada, BireuenMuslim085277028020Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

13. Rasikom FMKomplek Mesjid Baiturrahim, Bkl Terminal Jeunieb, BireuenFadli081360740201Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

14. Samalanga FMJl. Mesjid Raya, Lab Dakwah STAI Al-Aziziyah, Samalanga, BireuenAhmad Yani085277736534Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

15. Samudra FMJl. Banda Aceh-Medan, Gampong Mancang, Geudong, Kec. Samudraa, Aceh UtaraKarimuddin085260061206Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

16. Simpati FMJl. Sigli Kembang Tanjong, komplek Mesjid At-taqwa, Kec. Simpang Tiga, PidieMunawar Husin085260181527Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

17. Srikandi FMJl. Panglima Nyakse, Ds. Gunung Cut, Tangan-tangan, Aceh Barat DayaIbu Adi Fauziah085270408731Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Malaka FMKec. Kuala, Kab. BireunIrwanda085260520092Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

2. Arla FMJl. Nasional, Ds. Drien Rampak, Arongan Lambalek, Aceh BaratAbdul Wahab081360362475Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

3. KST FMJl. Nasinal, Ds. Keudee Teunom, Kec. Teunom, Aceh JayaEdy Roma Yusda085277868366Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

4. Raja FMJl. Banda Aceh-Medan, Ds Tu Kec. Pante Raja, Pidie JayaFatimah Zahra085206120826Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

5. Samatiga FM Samatiga, Aceh BaratHasbi Darwis085260070076Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

6. Sukma FMJl. Tgk Fakinah, Komplek Pasar Sibreh, Kec. Sukamakmur, Aceh BesarSadli085260312555Mandiri Perdesaan, BKPG-ADG

NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE


1. SAR FMJl. Lintas Timur Km 45 Desa Sei Sijenggi Kecamatan Perbaungan Serdang BedagaiSukris Nur081361259284Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Mitra FMDusun Tanjung Anom Desa Tandem Hilir II, Kecamatan H. Perak Deli SerdangYatimin081396254045M Perdesaan, PISEW, Perkotaan

3. Hotline FMDusun Ingul Senter Pedesaan, Desa Onan Runggu III, Kec. Sipahutar, Tapanuli Utara 22471Bonar Simanjuntak081370029046Mandiri Perdesaan

4. Harosuhta FMJl. Jarap Sumbara, Desa Sondiraya, Kec. Raya, Kab. Simalungun.Jan D Wilson Sinaga081260605855Mandiri Perdesaan

5. Langgiung FMJl. Besar Haranggaol-Tigaras, Sigunggung, Kec. Haranggaol Horisan, SimalungunJansen Purba081370902858PISEW

6. Teja FMPasar 6 Desa Tebing Jaya Kecamatan Padang Tualang LangkatM. Safi'in085261125949PISEW

7. Horas FMRakut Besi, Pematang Silimakuta, SimalungunHari P Silalahi08126358783PWAP, PISEW


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8. RRT FM Gg. Madirsan/ Pintu Tol Tanjung Morawa, Deli SerdangSihol Hutabarat081260353030Mandiri Perkotaan

9. Sinalsal FM Jl. Kesehatan Desa Saribudolok, Kec. Ilimakuta, SimalungunJatamson Sinaga0811624910Mandiri Perdesaan

LAMPUNG PROVINCE


1. Bimantara FMDesa Pekandangan Kec. Pubian Lampung TengahJakariya085789841466PNPM M Perdesaan

2. Pelangi FMJln. Bahari Gang Ogan.14,Kelurahan Panjang Utara, Kec. Panjang, Kab. Bandar LampungRomi Setiabudi0818348368PNPM M Perdesaan

3. RGL FMDesa Hanura, Kec. Padang cermin, Kab. PesawaranAgus081279666308PNPM M Perdesaan

4. RKSP FMJln. Durian no. 3, Desa Pahmungan Kec. Pesisir Tengah, Kab. Lampung BaratErwin Beni081997116002PNPM M Perdesaan

5. Suarakota FMKelurahan Kaliawi, Kec. Tanjung Karang Pusat, Kab. Bandar LampungWihangga Trisunu08975432415PNPM M Perdesaan

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Klatak FMDesa Penumangan, Kec. Tulang Bawang Tengah, Kab. Tulang Bawang baratSuroso085840338595PNPM M Perdesaan

2. Oase FMJln. Kramat no.63, Desa Kubu Batu Kec. Kedondong, Kab., PesawaranBasir085840736941PNPM M Perdesaan

3. Xvese FMSMA Xaverius Pringsewu, Jln Mawar I No. 32. Kab. PringsewuJacob Triyanto072921216PNPM M Perdesaan

WEST JAVA PROVINCE


1. Citra Melati FMKp. Ulen tt. 02/01 Plered-PurwakartaGini Gusnayanti081909392524Mandiri Perkotaan

2. At Taqwa FMJl. Kebon Kopi No. 197 Rt. 04/08 Kel. Cibeurem, Kec. Cimahi Selatan, Kota CimahiDodi Indra Pribadi082118473020Mandiri Perkotaan

3. RSC FMJl. Cibangkong No. 300/120 Rt. 09/11, Kel. Cibangkong, Kec Batununggal, Kota BandungGusramdhan Jumara02276168236Mandiri Perkotaan

4. ARLI FMJl. Limbangan Leuwigoong, no 81 Kp Sindang Aanom Rt. 02/02 Ds. Limbangan, Kec. Limbangan, GarutBambang Sumantri SH087822049347Mandiri Pedesaan

5. M-Three FMJl. Tangkuban Perahu No. 164, Lembang, Kab Bandung, Kab BandungDedi Odia0818435917Mandiri Perkotaan

6. Cahaya Fajar FMJl. Sukawening-Ciwidey Km.04 No. 38, Kec. Ciwidey, Kab BandungRani Sur'aeni Tanziah085794229389Mandiri Pedesaan

7. K-PASS FMJl. Katapang Andir No. 45 Ds. Sangkanhurip, Kec. Ketapang, Kab. BandungIrsan Buchori081214014713Mandiri Perkotaan

8. Rasi FMJl. Purwabakti Desa Cisewu, Kec. Cisewu, Kab. GarutLatief Rachyana081320453003Mandiri Pedesaan

9. M-Tass FMKampus Merli, Komp Mesjid Raya Ciromed, Tanjungsari, Kab. SumedangIsmail081912740997Mandiri Perkotaan

10. Pekka Jaya FMJl. Pasirharendong, Desa Sirap, Tanjungsiang, Kab. Subang 41284iis maslihat085295755259Mandiri Pedesaan


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11. Abilawa FMJl. Raya Cibereum RT 16/07 Desa Wantilan, Kec. Cipeuendeuy, Kab. Subang 41272Asep Alyinansyah081219380111Mandiri Pedesaan

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Rakita FMJl. Tikukur No. 2 Kel/ Kec Sadang Serang Kota BandungRuslan083820538746Mandiri Perkotaan

2. Artha FMJl. Gebang Kuning No. 827, Kec. Purwodadi, Kab. CiamisYodhi Suryadi. AS081323270044Mandiri Pedesaan

3. Merpati FMJl. SMP/Blkg SDN Budikarya, Ds. Cipeundeuy, Kab. Bandung Barat 40558Asep Hidayat08179216000Mandiri Pedesaan

4. War FMPuncak Jaya Tegalaja, Blok Talang atas Rt.03/08, Ds Kertahurip,Kec Padalarang,Kab Bandung Baratagusni/aef082116014082Mandiri Perkotaan

5. Agri FMJl. Didi Prawirakusumah, Kp. Kopo, Kec. Karang Tengah, Kab. CianjurDadang Hamdani08818203453Mandiri Perkotaan

6. E Channel FMJl. Raya sumedang-Wdo KM 11 No. 49 Desa sukatali, Kec. Situraja, Kab. Sumedangyayat/nolan081394402883Mandiri Pedesaan

7. Ramanea FMJl. Raya No 18A, Desa/Kec. Wanayasa, Kabupaten PurwakartaAan/ dede081909445323Mandiri Pedesaan

8. MASE FMJl. Rancajigang No. 141 Majalaya, Kab. BandungRiqqya Prapanca085721566667Mandiri Perkotaan

9. Waskita FMJl. Raya Cisewu No. 35 Cisewu, Garutsyaiful087724925100Mandiri Pedesaan

10. Giri Asih FMKp. Bunisari, Ds. Neglasari, Kec Salawu, Kab TasikmalayaDudan Sukmana/dewi08998837613Mandiri Pedesaan

11. Tumaritis FMJl. Raya Gambung, Ds. Mekar Sari, Kec. Pasir Jambu, Kab. BandungUjang Sutarman/sendi085659925807Mandiri Perkotaan

12. Raksa Bumi FMJl. Encep Kartawiria, Gg. Alpakah No. 10 Kel. Citereup, Kec. Cimahi, Kota CimahiImat Ruhimat02292102182Mandiri Perkotaan

13. Bete FMJl. H. Achmad Sobana, SH, Gg. Kalam RT. 03/X Kel. Tegal Gundil, Kec. Bogor Uatara 16152Iman/yusuf085881006566Mandiri Perkotaan

CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE1. INTENSIVE CATEGORY

1. K FMMts Dukun, Jl Muntilan-Sumber Km 6, Tegalsari, Dukun, Kab. MagelangMohammad Sidik Asnawi085643375829Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Merah Putih FMJl Bima no 39 Rt 0/1, Ds Ketitanglor, Kec. Bojong . Kab Pekalongan Didik harahap085695242157Mandiri perkotaan

3. RSP FMJl. Desa Ambowetan, Ulu Jami, PemalangSutadi085641248266Mandiri Perdesaan

4. PPK Sragi FMKomplek KUD Sragi, Sragi, Pekalongan Sunarto081542555865Mandiri Perdesaan

5. New Arista FMDesa Rembun, Kec Siwalan, Kab PekalonganAan kaenan087830644111Mandiri Perdesaan

6. Lintas Merapi FMDusun Deles, Desa Siderjo, Kecamatan KemalangSukiman081578063198Mandiri Perdesaan

7. Sakti FMKompleks Balai Desa Merden, Kec. Purwanegara, Kab. BanjarnegaraNovi Ali N.081548882961Mandiri Perdesaan


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2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Bahana Suara FMAmbo kulon, Comal, PemalangBudiono0818458495Mandiri Perkotaan

2. SRB FMJl Polo 10, Pulisen, BoyolaliSuji Paryanto087836368190Mandiri Perkotaan

3. JTM FMDuwet, Desa Andong, Kec. Andong, Kab. BoyolaliMuhdi081329356591Mandiri Perdesaan

4. Monalisa FMDesa Botekan, RT/RW 1/3, Kec. Ulujami, Kab. PemalanganFakhrudin085870153533Mandiri Perdesaan

5. Wonder FM Rogoselo RT 04/I No. 24,Kec. Doro, Kab. PekalonganMuji Leksono081542061030Mandiri Perdesaan

6. Merapi FMDesa Cluntang, Kec.Musuk, Kab. BoyolaliSlamet086647116591Mandiri Perdesaan

7. MMC FMSelo Kab. Boyolali, Jawa TengahMuji085643503392Mandiri Perdesaan

8. Suara Sompis FMJl semangka 27,kerten,Surakarta Gatot081567783222Mandiri Perkotaan

9. Mustika FMJl. Tugu Pahlawan No 1 Purwohrjo, Comal, PemalangMasykur Surur081567783222Mandiri Perkotaan

10. Mentari FMKompleks SD Pejawaran, Kec. Pejawaran, BanjarnegaraMister M. Yusuf085227226765Mandiri Perdesaan

11. Suara Kampung Pintar FMJln. Kali abu-Kajoran, Sambak, Kajoran KM 2 Kab.Magelang M Rofiq085643213194Mandiri Perdesaan

WEST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE


1. PRIMADONA FMJln. Pariwisata 04 Ancak, Karang Bajo, Bayan, Lombok UtaraA. Syairi081917760145Mandiri Perdesaan

2. GITASWARA FMKUD Tanjung, Tanaq Song, Jalan Tanjung Bayan Lombok UtaraMarjadi081917384932Mandiri Perdesaan

3. BRAGI FMJalan Lestari 103 Moncok Karya, Pejarakan Karya, Ampenan Mataram 83113 NTBRasidi081803664064Mandiri Perkotaan

4. FOREST FMJln. Suranadi II depan Kantor Desa Sesaot, Lombok BaratDanang riyadi081805750505Mandiri Perdesaan

5. MITRA FMJalan Kopang-Praya, Pengadang, Praya Utara, Lombok TengahRahadi081803716474Mandiri Perdesaan

6. PANTURA FMErika Elektronik, Kr Tal, Kayangan, Lombok UtaraMurdin081917309830Mandiri Perdesaan

7. PESONA FMJalan Raya Pemenang Tanjung, Km 0, Pemenang Lombok UtaraAsmadi medo08123747623Mandiri Perdesaan

8. TALENTA FMKUD Barejulat, Jonggat, Lombok TengahSading AlQatari081803656555Mandiri Perdesaan

9. BKL FMJalan Danger lendang Nangga, Kumbung, danger, Masbagik, Lombok TimurDedi Sutrisno0818356966Mandiri perkotaan

10. GELORA FMJalan Panendem Senyiur-Panendem, Keruak, Lombok Timurlalu juli hidayat08180528801Mandiri Perdesaan


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2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. AMPERA FMJalan Ampera No. 12, Sekotong Tengah, Sekotong, Lombok BaratLalu Syarapudin081805763804Mandiri Perdesaan

2. NHK FMPondok Pesantren Nurul Hakim, Kediri, Lombok BaratWelly Arjuna/Azmi081907209753Mandiri Perkotaan

3. PRIS FMTetebatu, Sikur, Lombok TimurM. Fadli081803702076Mandiri perkotaan

4. RUJAK NGALUN FMDs. Rujak Ngalun, mekarsari, Labulia, Praya Barat Daya, Loteng NTBBukran081803656555Mandiri Perdesaan5. SIMPONY FMIAIN Mataram, Jalan pendidikan 60, MataramDina081936796855Mandiri Perkotaan

6. SPENTURA FMSMPN 2 Praya, Lombok TengahMahdi081917800806Mandiri Perkotaan

7. SUARA KAULA FMDesa Tratak, Batu keliang Utara, Lombok Tengah NTBHerman081915767808Mandiri Perdesaan

8. KOMPAK FMJalan Sandubaya, Depan BNI Paok Motong, Masbagik Lombok TimurSaparwadi08123707831Mandiri Perkotaan

9. RAKOLA FMJalan Gunung Pengsong, Telagawaru, Labuapi Lombok BaratA. Saharudin081917485227Mandiri Perkotaan

10. SARTIKA FMDesa Rensing, Sakra, Lombok Timur, NTBJulian Hidayat08180528801Mandiri Perdesaan

11. SGS FMKantor Desa Kuripan, Jln. Tengah Abd. Hafidz Kuripan, Kuripan, Lombok BaratH. Lalu Hartawadi081917011420Mandiri Perdesaan

12. THREE GE (3G) FMSMPN 3 Gangga, Desa Bentek, Kec. Gangga, Lombok Utara, NTBSyamsu Rizal081903605080Mandiri Perdesaan

WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE


1. Ambcom FMDusun Parit Meliau, Desa Sungai Ambawang, Kec. Sungai Ambawang, Kab. Kubu RayaR.J. Emilia H.085245978795Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Sunia Nawangi FMDesa Tunang, Kec. Mempawah Hulu, Kab. LandakTeno081256604106Mandiri Perdesaan

3. Suara Muslim FMJln. Babarazak Barat,Desa Padang Tikar II Kec Batam Kab Kubu RayaHermansyah 085822288863PNPM PISEW

4. Spatun FMDesa Raba, Kec.Menjalin, Kab. LandakSanding085245788848Mandiri Perdesaan

5. Swara Melawi FMJalan Melawi Kec. Nanga Pinoh Kab.MelawiGabriel Saliem081257017561Perkotaan & Perdesaan

6. Gema Solidaritas fmJln S.Parman, Gang Sukajadi Dalam, Kec. Delta Pawan, Kab. KetapangAndika085245528224Perkotaan, Perdesaan,Perikanan

7. Suara Pekka FMKampung Baru, Kec. Sui Ambawang, Kab. Kubu Raya.Hermansyah 085750217774Mandiri Perdesaan

8. Pemuda Sambas/AOR FM Desa Pendawan, Kec. Sambas Kota Kab. SambasM. Isra' Ridwan0813455455838Mandiri Perkotaan

9. Rama FMJl. Budi Utomo Komp Ruko Bumi Indah Khatulistiwa Blok B. NO 3 Pontianak Ivoy Fagea085750901181Mandiri Perkotaan

10. Safira FM Desa Padang Tikar, Kec. Batu Ampar Kab. Kubu RayaJulianto085750097477Mandiri Perdesaan


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11. RDR AMDesa Sempalai, Kec. Tebas, Kab. SambasAwang Isman085245570788PNPM P2DTK

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Bujang Pabaras FMDesa Tenggerang, Kec. Jelay Hulu Kab. KetapangFrans Lakon081345797272Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Pelangi FMDesa Nibung, Kec. Paloh Kab SambasBaysuni08524578949Mandiri Perdesaan

3. Madayu FMDesaRantau Panjang, Kec, Sembangki Kab. LandakMat Sahrie08524339942PNPM PISEW

4. Cahaya Selimpai FMDesa Paloh, Kec Paloh Kab. Sambas Ibrahim081345325710Mandiri Perdesaan

SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE


1. IGA FMJl. Semangka 95, Bila bilae, bungi Desa Lalabata, Tanete rilau, Kab. Barru Dian Al Pomala085255818954Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Teras FMKomp. TPAS Tamangapa Jl. AMD , Kota MakassarA. Baso Arfian081343828881Mandiri Perdesaan

3. MBS FMJl. Dr. Ratulangi Komp SD 9 Lembang Kel. Lembang kec. Bantaeng Kab. BantaengAmiruddin, S.Pd081342631939Perkotaan/pedesaan

4. GSP FMJl. Abubkar Lambogo 85 Kel. Ujung Lare, Soreang, Kota Pare-pareAchasaruddin08152512443Mandiri Perkotaan

5. North Titan FMJl. Buleseppang, kel. Bonto-bonto, kec. Ma'rang Kab. PangkepIsmail Hasanudin085255128872Mandiri Perdesaan

6. Zodiac FMJl. A. Sulolipu No. 11 Kel Rappang, kec. Pancarijng, Kab. SidrapAri085342058869Mandiri Perdesaan

7. Distro FMJl. Elang Baru No. 13Kab BantaengMuldi Paressa085656289289Perkotaan/pedesaan

8. Allstar FMJl. Bulumanyurrung, no 11 Kec. Sinjai Utara, kab. SinjaiWahyu/ Wawan085299722324PISEW

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. PBS FMKompleks PPNP, Desa Mandalle, kec. Mandalle, Kab. Pangkep, SulselElsa081342981519Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Birkot FMKompleks KIMA, Kel. Paccerakkang, kec. Biringkanaya, MakassarZainuddin Mappa08194132404Mandiri Perkotaan

3. Salili, FMJl. Poros malino - Desa Botolempangan, kec. Sinjai Barat, Kab. SinjaiKhaeril M081354739741PISEW

4. Tamborolangi FMDesa Lembang Madandan, Kec. Rantetayo Kab.Tana TorajaImran081355221567Mandiri Perdesaan

5. Delstar FMJl. A. Mappanyukki No. 1 Kel. Bentenge, kec. Ujung bulu kab. BulukumbaAndi Makulau0852550590929Mandiri Perdesaan

6. RCB FMJl. Anggrek No. 68 lt II kel. Sumpang binangae, kec. Barru kab BarruYudha085299601929Pekotaan/ pedesaan

7. Genesis FMKel. Bontomacinna kec. Kindang, Kab. BulukumbaA. Asis081354739741Perkotaan/pedesaan


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SOUTH EAST SULAWESI PROVINCE


1. Cemara FMDesa Tasahea,Kec Tirawuta, Kab. KolakaMustakim Darwis0811409506Mandiri Perdesaan

2. Suara Maranu FMDesa Saponda Laut, Kec. Soropia, Kec. Soropia Kab. KonaweRahmat081228004015Mandiri Perdesaan

3. Pasituruang FMDesa Mekar, Kec. Soropia Kab KonaweAwaluddin085241993218Mandiri Perdesaan

2. REGULAR CATEGORY

1. Bensol FMJl. Waopu lesaa No. 2 kel. Kongo, Kec. Wangi-wangi, Kab. WakatobiAan081342426977PNPM Kelautan

2. Lestari Bahari FMDesa Labuhan Peropa, Kec Laonti Konawe SelatanAsri085242139332Mandiri Perdesaan

3. Nirwana FMDesa Atari Jaya, kec. Lalembu Kab. Konawe SelatanMahrus Ali081935286725Mandiri Perdesaan

4. Suara Gaul FMLalowatula, Kec. Ladongi, Kab KolakaHerman085241617370Mandiri Perdesaan

5. Sulma FMDesa Mola, Kec. Wangi-wangi KAB. Wakatobi Hamsah08521358150Mandiri Perdesaan

6. Onituloua FMDesa Timu, Kec. Tomia Timur, Kab. WakatobiAbas081524892389Mandiri Perdesaan

7. B Voice FMDesa Telutu Jaya, Kec. Tinanggea, Kab. Konawe SelatanIsnan085241643646Mandiri Perdesaan

8. Green Trust FMKel. Atula, Kec. Ladongi Kab. KolakaGusti S085241918777PNPM GREEN

9. Rajawali FMDesa Wunduwatu, Kec. Ondoolo Kab.Konawe SelatanRohsidin085241510236Mandiri Perdesaan

10. Kantorana FMDesa Wakumoro, Kec. Parigi, Kab. MunaDarwin08524125105Mandiri Perdesaan

11. Vatallolo FMKel. Ambeua, Kec. Kaledupa, Kab. WakatobiYeni085656871081PNPM Kelautan

12. Simponi FMDesa Ranooha Lesteri, Kec. Buke Kab. Konawe SelatanKasmari081245919084Mandiri Perdesaan


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Production of Community Radio-Partners of Discussion 2 in Aceh, West Java, Central Java, West Kalimantan, Lampung, West Nusa Teng-gara, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi and North Sumatera. 1. News2. Bulletin3. Public Service Advertising4. Talkshow

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Combine Resource Institution (CRI) is a non-government institution in Indonesia working to support the management of public knowledge through community-based information and communication networks. The main activities of CRI include the development of data and information management systems for community, development of effective information technology, and media literacy education for the community. The development of community broadcasting network in Indonesia is one of the working focuses of CRI.

PNPM Mandiri or the abbreviation of Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (the National Program for Community Empowerment) is a national program of community-based poverty reduction. Launched by the government on 30 April 2007, PNPM Mandiri is one of the government’s efforts to achieve the targets agreed in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) up to 2015. S

PNPM Mandiri is the continuation of the Sub-district Development Program which has been implemented since 1998 and the Urban Poverty Alleviation Program which has been undertaken since 1999.

The objective of PNPM Mandiri is to create/enhance people’s capacity, both individually and collectively in resolving a variety of problems related to efforts to improve their quality of life, independence and welfare.

radio 149 province 9 diskusi on empowered communitypsflibrary.org/catalog/repository/discussion on...

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