radio frequency identification

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Radio-frequency identification ECE-B I K.V.RAVI TEJA 13331A0461

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Page 1: Radio frequency    identification

Radio-frequency identification

ECE-B

I

K.V.RAVI TEJA13331A0461

Page 2: Radio frequency    identification

CONTENTSEvolution of RFIDThe RFID tagThe RFID systemRFID antenna’sApplications of RFIDRFID in TransportationRFID in hospitalsRFID in toll collectionAdvantages/Disadvantages of RFIDConclusion

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THE EVOLUTIONThe roots of RFID technology can be traced

back to World War II . It was just during that time that RADAR evolved, but the problem was it was difficult to identify which planes belonged to enemy and which were a country’s pilots

The British developed the first active identify friend or foe system .They’ve installed a transmitter in each plane . They’ve had a base station that would transmit signals when the aircrafts would receive the signals they would broadcast a signal back that identified the system as friendly. RFID works on the same principle

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RFID-THE DEFINITIONRFID is a remote/self powered asset tracking

technology. It uses an antenna with a resonant field frequency that generates a charge to a microprocessor that send encrypted bits of data back to reader . The great thing is that uses radio frequency(FM waves).

The first experiment on these RFID systems was done in an antitheft system ,every object in the shop would have a tag , a radio wave transmitter would be used to determine whether an item has been paid or not, they have a 1 bit data tag .The bit is either ON or OFF in accordance to the payment.

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The RFID tag 1)Substrate(paper, plastic) – It is the surface on which the components of an RFID tag are placed.2)Chip – It is a microprocessor chip which is used to identify the radio frequency and turn the circuit on3)Antenna coil(aluminium)– It act’s like a transponder. A transponder is basically an antenna that acts as both transmitter and a receiver.

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Different RFID tags

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RFID TAG details

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RFID AntennasGate antennasPatch antennasCircular polarized

antennasOmni directional

antennasStick antennasDi-pole or multi-pole

antennasLinear polarizedAdaptive ,beam-forming

or phased array element antennas

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The RFID system

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RFID MIT ID CARD SYSTEM

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Applications of RFID tagsIt can be used in TRANSPORTATIONIt can be used in SHOPPING MALLSIt can be used in BANK WITHDRAWALSIt can be used in RAIL ROADSIt can be used in HOSPITALSIt can be used in TOLL COLLECTIONIt can be used in FIELD NAVIGATION

FOR BLINDIt can be used in WASTE DISPOSALIt can be used in CLOTHING

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RFID IN SHOPPING MALLSEasy WaySelf check out e-shopping

cartDisplaysInformation regarding the

purchased itemsInformation,

advertisements about the discounted items when near them

The price of items when placed in cart

Adjustable with a lot of storage

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RF TO DC CONVERTERAn exciting aspect of this old

technology is the renewed interest in renewable energy.

As we know, an RFID tag gets its energy from radio waves, so why not take the unused energy from all of those peaky Wi-Fi hotspots and lurk in every creak and crevice of our modern lives.

From STARBUCKS to the hospital to the local elementary school ,Wi-Fi is everywhere. As Wi-Fi operates at 2.4 GHZ ,all we need are antennas have a cut off value 2.4 GHZ and RFID tags can reuse the extra radio waves and recharge devices like cell phones ,tablets and toys

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RFID IN TOLL GATE COLLECTIONRFID has been widely used in

toll gate collection.There would an transponder

antenna placed on the toll gate Every car would be accommodated with an RFID chip .When the chip gets activated with the help of the received signal, it transmits a signal back to the antenna placed on the toll gate.

The antenna on the toll gate would send a signal to the reader regarding the information of the car’ identity ,which would send a signal to server to perform the transaction automatically

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RFID IN BANKINGThe RFID chips would be embedded into the

RFID tags .By using the RFID technology, generally ATM

cards are swiped in the machine but by using this technology one can just place the card near the machine and process the transaction.

The signal would be transmitted back from the card to the server, the server would recognize who the person is and would proceed further asking the person to type the password and then amount of transaction.

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RFID IN HUMANSRFID chips have

been implanted in to humans also in order to provide a unique identity for every individual in the world.

1 in 3 Americans are RFID positive.

A recent survey report speculates that by 2017 the entire American Nation would have a chip in them

One doesn’t know it is there but it would be there.

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COMPANIES EMPLOYING RFID

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ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGESAdvantages Disadvantages Has the ability to

pinpoint location. Technology is versatile:

can be smaller than a thumb tack or can be the size of a tablet, depending on its use

The tag does not need to be in line of sight with the receiver to be read (compare to a barcode and its optical scanner) .

RFID tags can store a lot of information, and follow instructions.

Active RFID can be expensive because of batteries.

There is a privacy concern towards RFID devices, for example some claim that Wal-Mart is infringing on natural rights by overseeing what customers buy.

RFID may be easily intercepted, even if it is Encrypted.

It takes a lengthy time to program RFID devices.

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RFID versus BARCODERFID BARCODERadio Frequency-

Identification technology (RFID) involves a tag affixed to a product which identifies and tracks the product via radio waves.

RFID tags carry large data capabilities such as product maintenance, shipping histories and expiry dates; which can all be programmed to the tag.

RFID tags can be read at a faster rate than barcodes; as approximately 40 RFID tags can be read at the same time.

RFID tags are more reusable and rugged as they are protected by a plastic cover.

A barcode is a visual representation of data that is scanned and interpreted for information.

Barcodes have no read/write capabilities; they do not contain any added information such as expiry date etc.  They only contain the manufacturer and product.

They are very labor intensive; as they must be scanned individually.

If a barcode is ripped or damaged there is no way to scan the product.

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CONCLUSION The billion dollar industry that RFID has evolved into has done great good for a lot of different fields.

RFID has given doctors the ability for quick access to patients records, the assurance of accounted merchandise for small business and large alike, and the government the ability to conduct taxes for tolls in this technological day and age.

But with as many benefits as  it has, Radio Frequency Identification's overwhelming credibility is balanced out by the criticism against it.

Though RFID allows for the allocation and distribution of sensitive information, if that information is compromised, the effects could be devastating.

For there to be order in the realm of RFID, legislation and guidelines need to be set up and enforced to ensure the integrity and confidence of the data being communicated, which will in turn help Radio Frequency Identifications emerge as more secure and advanced.

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REFERENCESIEEE potentials September/October 2015RFID TECHNOLOGY-STEPHEN B MILESRFID ESSENTIALS-BILL GLOVERObamacarefacts.comWikipedia.org/RFIDElectronics.how stuff works/RFIDMbaigrfidreport.blogspot.comAalhysterfolkslifts.comIjcee.org/papers/RFIDRfidarena.comRfidjournal.com/article

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