railway infrastructure and train control presented to - ce 433 university of kentucky raymond j...
TRANSCRIPT
Railway Infrastructure
and Train Controlpresented to - CE 433University of Kentucky
Raymond J Rumsey, PE
Assistant VP C&S
Norfolk Southern Railway
October 24, 2012
OUTLINEPurpose of signal systemsBlocksTrack Circuits-insulated rail joints, relays,
shuntFixed SignalsAutomatic Block signals
OUTLINEInterlockingControl PointsSwitches, crossover, diamond and trackworkDetectorsNext generation train control – PTC
SIGNALS AND TRAIN CONTROL
SAFELY MAXIMIZE TRACK
UTILIZATION
SIGNAL SYSTEMS
Locate Trains
Inform Motorists
Highway Crossing Warning
Inform Other Trains
Block Signals
Control & Verify Switch Position
Lock Switches and Signals
Control & Verify Signal Position
Inform Trains
Interlocking
SIGNALS The signal system is set up in
blocks. Limits defined by insulated joints Based on the track circuit
Rails Battery Relay
INSULATED RAIL JOINTS
Insulated joints are the means by which a track circuit is limited or defined. The insulated joint prevents current from flowing between the adjacent ends of two adjoining rails.
There are different kinds of insulated joints, made out of different materials but the concept is the same. The joint bars are metal. They are insulated from the rail wherever there is contact by pieces of insulation.
The pieces of insulation are head and base pieces.
RELAYS
SHUNTA device which allows an electrical current to pass around another point in that circuit.
A shunt is also a wire consisting of two metal "C" clamps which complete an electrical circuit between rails, simulating track occupancy during banner checks.
FIXED SIGNAL
A signal of fixed location indicating a condition affecting the movement of a train or engine.
SIGNALS
Color Light SignalPosition Light Signal
Color Position Light Signal
SIGNALS – POWER CONSIDERATIONS
SIGNAL ADDITIONS
Flashing Light
Number Plate
Letter Plate
Semaphore Arm
AUTOMATIC BLOCK
The block signal automatically indicates track condition and block occupancy.
CAB SIGNALS
A signal located in the operating compartment of the controlling locomotive indicating track occupancy or condition
INTERLOCKINGAn arrangement of signals and signal appliances so interconnected that their movements must succeed each other in proper sequence. They are found at a crossing of two railroads, a drawbridge, a junction, or entering or leaving a terminal or yard.
INTERLOCKINGAn arrangement of signals and signal appliances so interconnected that their movements must succeed each other in proper sequence. They are found at a crossing of two railroads, a drawbridge, a junction, or entering or leaving a terminal or yard.
CONTROLLED POINT
A station designated in the timetable where signals are controlled from the control station
CONTROLLED POINT
A control point can define the limits of a junction of separate lines.
SWITCHESSwitch and turnout are the terms used to describe the
arrangement of rails that allows junctions to be made in the track. Turnout is commonly used by track engineers, while switch is
more common among signal employees.
CROSSOVER
Two turnouts in which the track between the frogs is arranged to form a continuous passage between two nearby and generally parallel tracks.
DIAMOND
An intersection of two sections of track. The term refers to the diamond shape the four connected frogs make when one track crosses another
FROG
Term for the track component of a crossover or a diamond which allows the wheel flanges ways to cross diverging tracks.
HAND-THROW SWITCH
DUAL CONTROLLED SWITCHA power operated switch that is also equipped for hand-throw operation.
SWITCH GAP
The term used to describe the space between the switch point and the rail that allows the wheels of the rolling equipment to travel the route for which the switch is lined.
SPRING SWITCH
A switch equipped with a spring mechanism arranged to restore the points to normal position after having been trailed through.
TRAILING POINT MOVE
The movement of a train over the points of a switch which face the direction in which the train is moving.
ELECTRIC SWITCH LOCK
Their function is to keep unauthorized people from tampering with equipment and to keep a train on a siding or spur from pulling out on the mainline in front of an oncoming train.
ELECTRIC SWITCH LOCKWhen a train wants to come out of the siding, the trainman activates the ESL.
Once the ESL is activated, the protecting signals for the siding turn red. At the same time, the timing device electronically associated with the ESL is activated. A set amount of time has to elapse before the trainman can complete the operation to unlock switch points.
UNUSUAL OCCURRENCE DETECTORSThese devices can be connected to or a part of the signal
system. Their purpose is to detect unusual occurrences on the rail. They include:
Dragging Equipment / Hot Box / Hot Wheel Detector High water detectors Slide fences Earthquake detectors Remote control locomotive zone limiting devices Slump / Ballast Movement / Slide / Avalanche Detectors High/Wide Load Wheel Impact Load Detector Scour Detectors
HOT BOX DETECTOR
A heat sensitive device installed along railroad main line track at strategic locations for measuring the relative temperatures of passing journal bearings
SLIDE FENCEPart of a railway signaling system, a slide fence is a fence whose purpose is to prevent trains from being derailed by rock slides in mountainous areas where rock slides may occur without warning.
DERAIL
A track device designed to guide equipment off the rails at a selected location as a means of protection
Collision of Metrolink Train 111 with Union Pacific Train LOF65–12 Chatsworth, California, September 12, 2008 Roadway Workers Struck by Amtrak Acela Train 2154, Providence, Rhode Island, March 13, 2008 Rail Grinder Derailment on Union Pacific Railroad, Baxter, California, November 9, 2006 Derailment of CSX Transportation (CSX) freight train Q380-09 in Painesville, Ohio, October 10, 2007 Collision of Amtrak Passenger Train 371 and Norfolk Southern Railway Company Freight Train 23M Chicago,
Illinois, November 30, 2007 Passenger Fatality on Long Island Rail Road, Queens, New York, August 5, 2006, (DCA-06-FR-009) BNSF Railway Company Remote Control Locomotive Switching Operation Fatality Stockton, CA August 30, 2007 Derailment of CSX Transportation Train No. Q39010, Oneida, New York, March 12, 2007 Collision of Two Union Pacific Railroad Trains, Bertram, California, November 10, 2007 Derailment of Norfolk Southern Railway Company Train 68QB119 with Release of Hazardous Materials and Fire
New Brighton, Pennsylvania October 20, 2006 Collision of Two Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority Trains, Abington, PA, July 1, 2006
Collision of Norfolk Southern Freight Train 192 With Standing Norfolk Southern Local Train P22 With Subsequent Hazardous Materials Release at Graniteville, South Carolina, January 6, 2005
Just some highlights…..
FIRST CAME THIS
NEXT GENERATION TRAIN CONTROL - PTC
Locomotive centric train control system with:Onboard (on the locomotive) equipmentWayside signal equipmentCommunications (data)Back office servers
WHAT DOES A PTC SYSTEM DO?
Delivers movement authorities to onboard display
Uses track data, GPS and locomotive systems to identify location and track
elements
Warns train operators of unsafe operations
Automatically enforces movement authorities and speed restrictions, and
Sends thousands of messages across a secure, reliable communication
system
39
WORKZONE 25 MPH
PASSING SIDING
INDUSTRY SIDING
GPS
CADI-ETMS BOS
The Track Database, Train Clearance, Bulletins and Track Authorities are sent electronically for display to the engineer. This data is used by PTC to generate Warnings and Enforcement.
TRAIN DATA
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
TRAINDATA
What Does PTC Do- Electronic Delivery
PTC SEGMENTS
Locomotive Segment
Monitored Control Points
PTC Back Office Server
Asset Tracking System
M03
Dispatch
CommunicationsSegment
MessageRouter Monitored
Switches
Other Monitored Devices
Wayside Segment
Office Segment
PTC COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
PTC RADIOS
Locomotive Radio74VDC / 50W
Base Radio24/48 VDC / 75W
Wayside Radio12VDC / 30W
GIS FOR PTC
NS Internal
Critical Features• Signals• Points of Switches• Clearance Points• Mile Markers• Limits of Road Crossings at Grade• Limits of Permanent Speed
Restrictions• Sign locations + 200 attributes of these and other features
44 NS Internal
Per the FRA approved PTCIP, NS will need to deploy PTC on 10,904 miles of its railroad
Where Is PTC Going?
All main lines Carrying > 5MGT
traffic, any amount of TIH*
Over which any passenger or commuter travels
* TIH traffic 2012 NPRM
COST
Railroad PTC investment through 2011
ARR $29,000,000
BNSF $482,481,000
CN $43,435,000
CP $37,000,000
CSX $333,000,000
KCS $32,500,000
NS $265,000,000
UP $335,000,000
Total $1,557,416,000
$20 cost to RR for every $1 safety benefits
Alternative risk reduction: Areas ripe for benefits at lower costs
Track caused accidents account for 34% of mainline accidents
Equipment caused accidents account for 26% of mainline accidents
Estimated
$13B total
RR INDUSTRY – WHY PTC?
A BNSF coal train collided with the rear end of a standing BNSF MOW train near Red Oak, Iowa. Both the engineer and conductor of the coal train were fatally injured. Contributing to the accident was the absence of a positive train control system that identifies the rear of a train and stops a following train if a safe braking profile is exceeded. "Humans are fallible and make mistakes and operational accidents can be prevented with positive train control," NTSB Chairman Deborah Hersman said.
Railway Infrastructure and Train Control
presented to - CE 433University of Kentucky
QUESTIONS?