Points, Crossings and Yards of Railways

Prepared By:

K.R.THANKI (BE Civil)

LECTURER CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTGOVERNMENT POLY TECHNIC ,

JUNAGADH,GUJARAT-INDIA.

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Points and Crossings:The arrangements by which different routes, diverging from the first track, are connected to faciliate the diversion of trains from one track to another track without any obstruction are known as points and crossings.

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Points and Crossings:

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Turn out:

A complete set of points and crossings provides for diverting the trains from a main track to a branch track is known as turn out.

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Turn out:

Right Hand Turn out:

Animated diagram of a right-hand railroad switch, rail track A divides into two track B (the straight track) and track C (the diverging track)

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Turn out:

Right Hand Turn out: K.R.

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Turn out:

Left Hand Turn out: K.R.

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

1) A pair of Points (Switches):

A switch, turnout or [set of] points is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another.

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Turn out:

Switches

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

2) A pair of Stock rails:

Stock rails along with their respective tongue rails from a pair of switches or points.

Function of stock rails is to facilitate smooth working of tongue rails.

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Turn out:

Stock rails

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

3) V Crossing:

The function of V crossing is to provide gaps between the rails tobe crossed so that wheel flanges can pass through the gaps without any obstruction.

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Turn out:

V Crossing

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

4) Two check rails:

Function of these rails is to check the tendency of wheels to climb over the crossing.

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Turn out:

Two check rails

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

5) Four lead rails:

Function of these rails is to Lead the track from heel of switches to the toe of crossing.

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Turn out:

lead rails

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

6) Switch tie plate:

Function of switch tie plate is to maintain gauge distance at front of switch.

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

7) Stud(Stop):

A Bent plate which is jointed to stock rail is called stop.

Function of stop is to maintain the alignment.

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

8) Side Chairs:

Function of Side chair is to support the tongue rails throughout their length.

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

9) Stretcher bar:

Function of Stretcher bar is to connects toes of both the tongue rails so that each tongue rail moves through same distance.

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

10) Rods,Cranks,Lever:

Function of Rods,Cranks,Lever is to operate the points.

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Turn out:

Rods,Cranks,Lever

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Turn out:

Component parts and Functions :

11) Locking System:

Function of Locking System is to Maintain timing between signal and tong rails.

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Turn out:

Locking System

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Crossings:

Crossing:The arrangements by which different routes, are connected without any obstructions is called crossings.

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Crossings:

Crossing Types:

According to Angle

According to

Diversion

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Crossings:

Acute Angle

Obtuse Angle

Right Angle

According to Angle

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Crossings:According to Diversion

Spring

Gathering Lines

DiamondScissors

Crossover

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Crossings:

Acute angleWhen angle of crossing rails become acute angle then this crossing is called Acute crossing or V crossing or Frog.

According to Angle

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Crossings:

V crossing

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Crossings:

V crossing

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Crossings:

Obtuse AngleWhen angle of crossing rails become Obtuse angle then this crossing is called Obtuse crossing.

According to Angle

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Crossings:

Obtuse crossing

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Crossings:

Right angle or SquareWhen angle of crossing rails become Right angle then this crossing is called Right angle crossing or Square crossing.

According to Angle

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Crossings:

Right angle crossing

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Crossings:

Spring Crossing:In this crossing wing rail is strongly connected to V part by

helical spring so that’s why this crosssing is called spring crossing.

These crossings used in USA but not in INDIA.

According to Diversion

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Crossings:

Spring Crossing

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Crossings:

Crossover CrossingFunction of this crossing is to

connect two parallel or diverging tracks.

According to Diversion

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Crossings:

CrossoverCrossing

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Crossings:

Scissors Crossing(Double cross):This type of crossing consists 4 pair of switch6 Acute crossings2 Obtuse crossingscheck railsAnd this type is use at goods yard.

According to Diversion

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Crossings:

Double cross

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Crossings:

Diamond CrossingWhen two tracks crosses each other at less than 90 angle then it forms diamond shape so it is called Diamond Crossing

According to Diversion

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Crossings:

Diamond Crossing

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Crossings:

Diamond Crossing

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Crossings:

Gathering Lines:When there is more than two track divert from one line then it is called Gathering lines.

According to Diversion

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Crossings:

Gathering Lines

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Crossings:

Gathering Lines

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Ash pit:

Functions of Ash pit :

To collect ash which are produced from steam engine.Depth of ash pit varies from 0.76m to1.20m and constructed from concrete.

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Ash pit

Ash pit:

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Turn Table:

Function of Turn Table:To Turn the engine.

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Turn Table:

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Turn Table:

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THANK YOU………FOR ANY OTHER INFORMATION PLEASE CONTECT ME TO

Email : thankikrunal@yahoo.co.in