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RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

ANNEXUREII

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION

1 NAME OF THE

CANDIDATE AND

ADDRESS

DR.ATHUL ANTONY SIMON

C/O MR. MANJUNATH N,

#36/2, OPPOSITE RENISSANCE JAGRITHI,

RAMAGONDANAHALLI, WHITEFIELD,

BANGALORE- 560066.

2 NAME OF THE

INSTITUTIONVYEDHI INSTITIUTE OF MEDICAL

SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE,

#82, EPIP AREA, NALLURAHALLI,

WHITEFIELD, BANGALORE-560066.

3 COURSE OF THE STUDY

ANDSUBJECT

M.D. ANATOMY.

4 DATE OF ADMISSION TO

COURSE

20thApril 2011.

5 TITLE OF TOPIC:

DERMATOGLYPHIC PATTERNS IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

PATIENTSWITH AN ANGIOGRAPHIC CORRELATION.


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6BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:

6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY:Ischemic Heart disease (IHD) causes more deaths, disability and incurs greater economic

costs than any other illness in the developed world. Knowledge of the major risk factors

helps to prevent its occurrence.(1)

Genetic predisposition is one of the known risk factors, and

studies have been previously done to establish the relation between dermatoglyphic pattern

and cardiovascular diseases. Reports are available in medical literature regarding the relation

between dermatoglyphic pattern as an indication of genetic susceptibility in the incidence of

Myocardial Infarction.(2,3)

However, not many studies have been done to correlate the

changes in the dermatoglyphic patterns and coronary artery block, as visualized in Coronary

Angiogram. This study is done to establish a relation between different dermatoglyphic

patterns and the block in Coronary arteries(4)

of Myocardial Infarction patients.

6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:

Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is the most common, serious, chronic, life-threatening

illness in the developed world. High fat and energy rich diet, smoking, and a sedentary life-

style are associated with its emergence. Obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 Diabetes

Mellitus are powerful risk factors for Ischemic Heart Disease. A substantial increase in

Ischemic Heart Disease are projected worldwide, and Ischemic Heart Disease is likely to

become the most common cause of death worldwide.(1)

The knowledge of major risk factors help in prevention of Coronary Artery Disease.

However, there are no known major risk factors for the sudden occurrence of Myocardial

Infarction. The study done by Jalali F et al at Babol, Iran in 2002, comparative study of

dermatoglyphic pattern in patients with Myocardial Infarction, showed that there is a

significant relation between the arch types of fingerprint and the risk of Myocardial

Infarction especially on left thumb finger, left ring finger and left fore finger.(2)


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Dermatoglyphics is a diagnostic aid in a number of diseases having hereditary basis.

Genetics plays an important role in the etiology of Coronary Artery Disease. The study

conducted by Dhall, entitled Utility of fingerprints in Myocardial Infarction patients, from

Rohtak, India in 2000 suggested an increased incidence of Myocardial Infarction in subjects

having a predominance of whorl pattern especially on right thumb finger, right little finger,

and left ring finger.(3)

Coronary artery system is divided into right and left Coronary artery. The left main

coronary artery again divides into the left anterior descending & left circumflex coronary

artery. The right coronary artery divides into posterior descending artery and the right

marginal artery. Major coronary arteries form a circle and a loop around the heart. The circleis formed by the right coronary and left circumflex arteries while they pass through the atrio-

ventricular sulci. The loop is formed at right angles to the circle between the ventricles by the

left anterior descending coronary artery and the posterior descending coronary artery while

encircling the septum.(4)

According to the study conducted by Rashad M.N. on Japanese subjects, individuals with

Myocardial Infarction had a significantly higher frequency of true whorls and a

correspondingly lower frequency of ulnar loops than the control group.(5)

The review article by Prathibha et al, Conventional Dermatoglyphics revived concept,

Chennai, India, 2011 reviews the various studies done using dermatoglyphics in many

diseases including Myocardial Infarction.(6)

One of the best known and most widely used dermatoglyphic printing methods utilizes

printers ink and a good quality paper. It is the standard method of finger printing used by

law enforcement agencies for identification purposes. The necessary equipment consists of

printers ink, a roller, a glass or metal inking slab, a sponge rubber pad, a good quality paper,

preferably with a slightly glazed surface.(7)


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6.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1. To determine the most commonly seen dermatoglyphic pattern in Myocardial

Infarction patients.

2. To correlate with the branches of coronary arteries blocked in Coronary

Angiogram with the different dermatoglyphic patterns.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

7.1SOURCE OF DATA:

In-patients from Cardiology Dept. Vydehi Institute Of Medical Sciences & Research

Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore.

7.2METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION:

7.2.1 STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive type of observational study (Cross-sectional study).

7.2.2 DURATION OF STUDY: January 2012 to December 2012.

7.2.3 SAMPLE SIZE: 100 subjects.

7.2.4 INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Patients with Myocardial Infarction undergoing Coronary Angiography.

Both male and female.

7.2.5 EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Subjects without block on Coronary Angiogram.

Patient refusing to give consent.

Subjects with Finger Amputation.


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7.2.6 PROCEDURE:

Dermatoglyphic prints of all 10 fingers will be taken using MODIFIED INK

METHODas per Purvis Smith (1969). The materials used are, printers duplicating ink from

Kores, Cardboard roller, gauze pads and sheets of paper. The patients will be asked to wash

their hands with soap and water to remove grease and dirt present over the palm, after which

hands are dried by wiping them with clean cloth. A small quantity of ink is then applied over

the palm and fingers with a gauze piece and smeared thoroughly in light strokes uniformly.

Finger ridges will be printed starting from thumb to little finger in the same order on a sheet

of paper kept over a table. The finger tips are rolled manually to ensure the full prints of the

ridges, followed by the palm, taking care that the cupped regions of the palm are also printed

properly.(7)

7.2.7 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

OUTCOME MEASURES:

The qualitative analysis of the most prevalent palmar dermatoglyphic pattern

observed in Myocardial Infarction will be determined.

Percentage of Arch, Whorl, and Loop type of dermatoglyphic patterns with respect to

Single, Dual and Triple vessel disease of Coronary arteries will be calculated.

STATISTICAL TEST:

Chi square test will be used for establishing the association.

7.3 Does the study require any investigation or intervention to be conducted on patients

or other humans or animals?

If so, please describe briefly.

Yes, Coronary Angiography done in the Cardiology Dept. Vydehi Institute Of Medical

Sciences & Research Centre, Whitefield, Bangalore, using C-Arm Fluoroscopy Machine,

Philips Flat Detector 10.

7.4 Has the ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?

Yes.


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LIST OF REFERENCES:

1.

Andrew PS, Eugene B. Ischemic Heart Disease. In: Kasper. Harrisons Principles ofInternal Medicine, Volume 2. 16th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005. p. 1434-1462.

2. Jalali F, Hajian-Tilaki KO. A Comparative Study of Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Patients

with Myocardial Infarction and Control Group. Acta Medica Iranica. 2002; 40(3): 187-

191.

3. Dhall U, Rathee SK, Sharma BD. Utility of fingerprints in Myocardial Infarction

Patients. Journal Of Anatomical Society Of India. 2000; 49(2): 153-154.

4. Nicholas TK, Eugene H. Blackstone. Anatomy, Dimensions, and Terminology. In:

Kirklin, Barratt-Boyes. Cardiac Surgery-Morphology, Diagnostic Criteria, Natural

History, Techniques, Results, and Indications, Volume 1. 3rd ed. New York: Churchill-

Livingstone Elsevier; 2003. p. 22-28.

5.

Rashad MN. Dermatoglyphic traits in patients with Cardiovascular disorders. Am J PhysAnthropol. 1975; 42(2): 281-283.

6. Prathibha Ramani et al. Conventional Dermatoglyphics-revived concept-a review.

International Journal Of Pharma and Bio Sciences. 2011; 2(3): 446-458.

7. Schaumann B, Alter M. Dermatoglyphics in Medical Disorders. New York: Springer

Verlag; 1976. p. 1-59.


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9 SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

10 REMARKS OF THE GUIDEThe topic Dermatoglyphic Patterns In Myocardial Infarction patients with an Angiographic

Correlation is of clinical significance. It may be used as a screening method in early

detection of Myocardial Infarction.

11 NAME AND DESIGNATION OF

11.1 GUIDEDR. M. SHASHI REKHA,

PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OFANATOMY, VYDEHI

INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL

SCIENCES AND RESEARCH

CENTRE, BANGALORE-560066.

11.2 SIGNATURE

11.3 CO-GUIDE

11.4 SIGNATURE

11.5 HEAD OF DEPARTMENTDR. VARSHA MOKHASI,

PROFESSOR & H.O.D.,DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY,

VYDEHI INSTITUTE OFMEDICAL SCIENCES AND

RESEARCH CENTRE,BANGALORE-560066.

11.6 SIGNATURE

12 12.1 REMARKS OF THE

CHAIRMAN AND PRINCIPAL

12.2 SIGNATURE

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