Name_________________________Mr. Pihlblad- Chapter 10

Allah

Muhammad

Islam

Muslim

Qur’an

Islam Part 1The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula was a crossroads of ____________,

______________, and ________, where goods were traded and new ideas were shared.

Much of the Arabian Peninsula is __________, and only small areas include ___________ lands that can support _____________ and larger populations.

By _____ A.D., merchants traveled in ___________ to trade goods along ______ and ______ routes to and from Arabia.

Arabs at this time were _____________. Pilgrims would travel to a city in western Arabia called ________ to worship at a shrine called the ______________ that contained over ______ idols from different tribes in Arabia.

Muhammad

Islam=

Muslim=

Muhammad was born in _________ A.D. to a powerful family in Mecca (in modern-day ____________________). He took a great interest in _______________, and often meditated by himself. According to him, while he was meditating, an angel named _____________ came to him and told him to give people a message that there is one _________, and his name is __________.

Muhammad began to _____________ to the public. He gained many followers, and was a great leader and military man.

People who follow this religion are called _____________. The religion itself is called _____________.

Qur’an or Koran The ______________ (or _____________, as it's sometimes spelled) is Islam's _________________. It contains Muhammad's ____________________, often in poetry format. It is written in Arabic, and is still used today.

Major Teachings Muslims have duties, called the _______________ of Islam. They

The 5 Pillars of Islam are:

Muslims have duties, called the Five Pillars of Islam. They are:

___________ (Shahadah) - to become a __________, a person must say and believe that there is one ______, named ___________.

___________ (Salah)- Muslims pray ____ times a day, facing _____________ (it is their holy city).

___________ (Zakat)- Muslims are taught to give to the ________.

___________ (Sawm)- During the Islamic holy __________ of ______________, Muslims must __________ all day, and then eat in the evening. Why?

________________ (Hajj)- Muslims must try to make a trip to Mecca during their lifetime.

Name_________________________Mr. Pihlblad- Chapter 10

Hijrah

Mosque

Hajj

Sunna

Shari’a

Caliph

Islam Part 2Islam Questions 1. Can Muslims speak directly to Allah?

2. What city does Muhammad take a pilgrimage to?

3. What does Muhammad do at the Ka’aba?

4. Where do the most Muslims today live?

5. How many times does Muslims have to pray each day?

Beliefs of Islam In _____ A.D., Muhammad moved _______ miles away from Mecca, this migration is called the ___________. Along with Muhammad, many of his followers moved with him.

In ______ A.D. he returned to ________ with 10,000 of his followers. The leaders surrendered and Muhammad destroyed the idols in the ___________.

Most Meccans converted to __________- Muhammad was able to help _________ the entire Arabian Peninsula.

_____ years later Muhammad died.

Why isn't there supposed to be any images of Allah or Muhammad in Islamic belief?

Practices of Islam Muslims are forbidden to: o _____________o _____________

Fridays are for __________________ worship There are no _______________ or central religious authority Supposed to worship to Allah ____________ Can pray on their own or assemble at a _____________- an Islamic house

of ____________ ________- Muhammad’s example, the model for proper living ___________- the body of ______, it regulates family _____, morals,

business, and community life for _____________Caliphs After Muhammad died in ______ A.D., a new leader was elected, named

_____________. He, and other leaders after him, were called _____________. They used the ____________ and Muhammad's teachings to guide them as they led the Muslim __________________.

Many caliphs successfully _____________ Islam to other regions. Many people were conquered, but never ____________ to join Islam. They were simply given the choice, and many people chose Islam to avoid ______________ or paying extra ___________.

Some refused to pay taxes or claimed to be ____________, Abu-Bakr invoked ___________ for the sake of Islam. Jihad can mean an inner ____________ against evil, or an ____________ struggle against evil.

Rightly Guided Caliphs(men who ruled after __________________ death)

When Muhammad died, he didn't leave _____________ for anyone about who should be in charge after him. Muslims _____________ about who should, and divided into ___ different ____________ of Islam:

Muslim Caliphates There were a few _________________ (ruling families) that came after Muhammad's death. Two of the most ____________ were:

The ______________ -- ruled badly, made the division between ___________ and ___________ worse!

The ________________ - ______ - moved the capital of Islam _______________ to _______________ and expanded

** The _______________ was another ruling family in North _____________! Islam spread to some of Africa, _____________, and the Middle East.

Name_________________________

Mr. Pihlblad- Chapter 10

Umayyads

Shi’a

Sunni

Sufi

Abbasids

Fatimid

Calligraphy

Islam Part 3- Muslim CultureMuslim Culture

Over time, the ____________ Empire grew in size and wealth. People from all around the world moved to the empire and _____________ cities like _______________ (___ million people) were built. Science, math, and ________________ thrived.

Social Classes

1. Muslim ______ 2. ___________ to Islam 3."______________ People" (Christians and Jews) 4.__________

Muslim Learning

In the ______________ Ages (around 1200 - 1400 A.D.), the Middle East was a center for _______________. While people in ___________ were in a ______ Age, and many died of the Black ______________ (we will learn about this in the next chapter), Muslim knowledge _________________.

Art: Muslim art usually includes ________________ patterns. These can be found in ________________ and on buildings.

Muslims also used ________________ as a form of _____. This used fancy _________________, sometimes to create a picture. Some calligraphy included Islamic ____________ from the ______________.

Science Muslims translated _____________ texts, but used their own methods to ___________ problems. Muslims preferred to conduct _______________ in labs to find out how things worked, much like we do today. Before this, people often looked at things in the world and "______________" how they worked, instead of ______________ it out!

Math Muslims believed that math was a ___________ of all knowledge. They invented _____________, and used math to study the ________, planets, and ____________. A lot of their _______________ came from a need to fulfill the 5 __________: -Needed to know when to _______ during Ramadan (lunar _________), where to go to pilgrimage-_________ and where to face-________ (mapping, directions).

Role of Women

Islam Today Today, there are often ______________________ between Muslims and people from the United States. There are many reasons, including the United States' involvement in Middle East ___________, ______________, and misunderstandings.