rapid bus & light rail systems experience from santa...
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Retrofitting Streets for Transit: Rapid Bus & Light Rail Systems
Experience from Santa Monica
Jeff Tumlin, Nelson\Nygaard Consulting Associates
April 16, 2012 | APA Seminar
The Santa Monica Downtown Transit Mall
Source: Flickr user: Derek Thomas LA
The Downtown Transit Mall
Source: GoogleMaps
Source: Flickr user: LA Wad
Source: Flickr user: LA Wad
Source: Flickr user: LA Wad
Re-branding the Big Blue Bus
Source: LAist.com
Source:
City of Santa Monica
Source:
City of Santa Monica
Re-branding the Big Blue Bus Experience
Source: Lorcan O'Herlihy Architects and Bruce
Source: Lorcan O’Herlihy Architects / Bruce Mau Design
Street furniture studies
Source: Lorcan O’Herlihy Architects / Bruce Mau Design
9am 12pm 3pm
Source: Lorcan O’Herlihy Architects / Bruce Mau Design
The Expo Light Rail Extension
Source: ExpoLightRail
1. No Build 2. Transportation System
Management 3. LRT 1 Expo ROW: Olympic
4. LRT 2 Expo ROW: Colorado
5. LRT 3 Venice: Olympic
6. LRT 4 Venice: Colorado
Expo Light Rail Alternatives
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Raised track above grade
Track on Grade Raised track up to
35’above grade
Downtown Station 35’ +/-above grade
Olympic Alignment
On-grade Station at Bergamot
Lin
coln
4th
11
th
Split –Station at 17th
Bike path
17
th
Clo
verf
ield
26
th
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Olympic Blvd Alignment Alternative: At-grade & above grade
Olympic Boulevard Alternative
Impacts
• Dual tracks in the median
• Left-turn lanes preserved
• Loss of all 44 Coral trees
• Loss of all on-street parking spaces (approximately
123 spaces)
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Olympic Boulevard Rendering
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Olympic Boulevard Downtown Station Rendering
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Colorado Ave Alignment Alternative– At-Grade
Track on Grade
Downtown Station at grade
Bergamot Station
Colorado Alignment
Midtown 17th Street Station
Aerial over Cloverfield
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
7’
Parking
Impacts
• Preserves on-street parking on north side - loss of approximately 75 spaces on south side
• Removal of one travel lane in each direction from 17th Street to 4th Street
80’ ROW
Colorado Avenue Alternative
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Colorado Ave, Narrower Alternative
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
•San Francisco’s Judah Street is the same width as Colorado Ave •Transit line down the middle •Parking on both sides
Measure twice, cut once…drawing on examples from San Francisco
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Visioning Colorado Ave
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Comparison of LRT Alternatives
Colorado Ave Alternative Wins
LRT Alignment Capital
Costs
Project
Costs
Cost
Effectiveness
LRT 1
(Olympic Blvd.) $969,909,000 $1,353,375,000
$20.21 per annual hour
of user benefit
LRT 2
(Colorado Ave.)
$932, 423,000 $1,301,121,000 $20.01 per annual hour
of user benefit
…Savings ~ $52 million in project costs
~ 37.5 million in capital costs
+ keep on street parking
+ keep the Coral trees
+ easier transit accessibility Source: Santa Monica Planning Commission, 2009
Expo LRT Plans Today
Source: Expo Light Rail
Getting the station details right
Facilities Park and Ride
Transit
Connections •Santa Monica Big
Blue Bus line 1, 2, 3,
3-Rapid, 4, 5,7, 7-
Rapid, 8, 9, 10, 11
•Metro Los Angeles
bus line 20, 33,
534,704,720, 733,
920
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
Retrofitting cities of tomorrow
Source: Expo Light Rail, 2011
NELSON\NYGAARD CONSULTING ASSOCIATES © 2012
Jeff Tumlin 116 New Montgomery Street, Suite 500
San Francisco, CA 94105 415. 284.1544
Ted Orosz AICP CTP
MTA New York
City Transit
April 16, 2012
Retrofitting Corridors for
Premium Transit
They wanted a picture
About 21 miles total length
Right-of-way varies 100’ - 120’
Street widths vary 55’ – 70’
Chicago Western Av Corridor
9 miles from South Ferry to 125th
Street
Currently served by M15 bus
route
Over 54,000 weekday riders
Bus speeds have been declining
Ridership has been decreasing
Within ¼ mile:
537,000 residents
78% of households do not own a
car
57% of residents commute by
transit
M15 SBS: First/Second Avenues
• Over 10 miles of
dedicated bus lanes
– Red coloration, overhead
signs
– Camera Enforcement
• Off-board fare collection
• New low-floor 3-door
buses
• Longer Station Spacing
M15 SBS: Features
M15 SBS: Features
Doubled the mileage of protected bike lanes in New York City.
Installed 50+ pedestrian refuge islands during 2010; more in 2011
M15 SBS: Features
M15 SBS: Features
• Buses average
speed of 4.5 MPH
• 33,000 weekday
riders
• Severe Pedestrian
Crowding
• 6,000+ peds/hour
• Major Growth
Expected: Hudson
Yards
2 miles across Manhattan
Currently served by M34/M34A bus routes and
numerous commuter buses
M34 SBS: 34th Street
34th Street SBS: Features
• Bus Lanes
− Curbside bus lanes
installed in 2008
− 2/3 of corridor will be
upgraded to offset bus
lanes 2012-13
• Off-board fare collection
• New low-floor buses
• Bus bulbs at 14 stations
• Limited TSP
34th Street Final Design
• New bus lanes
−5.5 miles of offset bus
lanes – maintenance of
parking along entire
route
−Red coloration,
overhead signs
−Camera Enforcement
• Off-board fare collection
• New low-floor buses
• Transit Signal Priority
• Bus bulbs at 14 stations
B44 Nostrand Av SBS: Features
• Scheduled for 2013 –
coordinated with larger
capital project
• City is Federal Grant
Recipient ~$28M
• Travel Time: 20%
reduction in running
time anticipated
• Ridership: 10%
increase in ridership
anticipated
B44 SBS: Features
B44 SBS: Rogers Av Current
B44 SBS: Rogers Av Proposed
Two Lane Busway
Two Lane Curbside Busway
Two Lane Curbside Busway
Two Lane Curbside Busway
Two Lane Curbside Busway
Two Lane Busway
Center Median Bus Station
Curbside Bus Lane Alignment
Curb Bus Lanes on Arterial Street
Single Side Transitway Alignment
Two Lane Transitway on Arterial
Two Lane Transitway
Two Way Transitway with Loading
Median Bus Lane Alignment
Median Bus Lane Alignment
Center Median Transitway: Cleveland
Center Median Transitway
Parking Accomodation
One Lane Busway: Eugene, OR
Center Island Station: Eugene, OR
Station: Eugene, OR
Alignments for LRT/Streetcar
LRT in Shared Lane
Street-Running LRT
LRT in Shared Lane
Street-Running PCC Car
Street-Running LRT
LRT in Shared Lane
Street-Running LRT
Modern Streetcar
LRT on Transitway
Traffic Signal Priority
TSP with Bus Lanes is an
example of 2 + 2 = 5
Traffic Signal Priority: Cleveland
Advanced Left from Right Lane
• Green time for Hylan Boulevard is limited at busy intersections
• Goal: Move as many vehicles as possible on green signal
• Issue: Weaving of cars and buses clogs the intersection
S79 SBS: Advanced Signal
• Solution: Separate bus and car weaving before light turns green
• Reduced weaving allows more efficient (and safer) flow through
intersection
• Allows buses to avoid congestion without having a bus lane at a
major intersection.
S79 SBS: Advanced Signal
54
Many Thanks!
Ted Orosz
Director Long Range Bus Service Planning
MTA New York City Transit