rapid fund by: shahid mahmood, program manager-rapid fund

RAPID FundBy: Shahid Mahmood, Program Manager-RAPID Fund

PAKISTANCountry Context

RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

PakistanAdministrative Structure

Pakistan consists of 1. Four provinces (Balochistan,

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab & Sindh),

2. One Federal Capital Territory (Islamabad),

3. Two autonomous and disputed territories (Gilgit Baltistan and Azad Jammu & Kashmir)

4. Seven Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA)

1. Each Province is sub-divided in to districts;

2. District into Tehsils/ Towns, 3. Tehsil/ Town into Union

Councils

Pakistan has strategic location; sharing its border with China, Afghanistan, Iran, and India


Geo-Physical Factors1. Heterogeneous physical features; (Mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus,

coastal belt) 2. Seismic belt; tectonic movements, leading to earthquakes and tsunamis; 3. 8th out of 197 countries with highest exposure to natural hazards Hydro-Climatic Factors4. Climatic changes; Continuous dry conditions leading to prolonged droughts, 5. Unexpected heavy rains, and excessive snowfalls, floods, landslides, and

avalanchesPolitico-Religious Factors6. Insecurity and political instability; Conflict induced displacement 7. Religious diversity and fundamentalism;

Country ContextDisasters in Pakistan

Major Factors


Socio-Economic Factors1. Uneven population density; Unplanned development in hazard prone areas;

Poor construction practices, Poor communication infrastructure. 2. High poverty; high rate of illiteracy & lack of awareness regarding disaster

preparedness and DRR measures; 3. 146th out of 186 countries on 2013 HDI; 22% of population lives on less than

US$1.25 per day Institutional infancy 4. Disaster Management Structure established after 20055. Lack of Early warning systems; Lack of preparedness and Planning; Limited

institutional and organizational capacity for disaster management

Country ContextDisasters in Pakistan

Major Factors (Continued)


PakistanHazard-prone Areas

Northern Pakistan and AJ&K are vulnerable to earthquakes, avalanches, landslides, floods, and drought, etc.

The arid, semi-arid and plain areas are exposed to floods, flash floods, drought, pest attacks, and river erosion, etc.

The coastal areas of Pakistan are exposed to cyclones, storm surges, and hydrological drought, and floods as well.

FATA/ KP is exposed to militancy / complex emergency


2010 Floods country-wide affected the whole of Pakistan; killed around 2,000 people and affected over 20 millionFlood 2011/12/13 affected millions of people

2005 Quake (October 8, 2005, a 7.6 Richter scale) 73,000 people killed

1974 Hunza earthquake (6.2 Richter scale) killed & injured, 17,000; overall affected 97,000

2000 drought affected 1.2 million people in Balochistan; over 100 died, mostly because of dehydration1945 Balochistan tsunami killed 4,000 people. 1935 Quetta earthquake; 60,000 people were killed

2007 Cyclone Yemyin killed 730 people as a result of flash floods in coastal areas of Sindh and Balochistan. Some 350,000 people displaced, 1.5 million affected

PakistanNatural DisastersSome Examples

1950 floods An estimated 2,900 people were killed and over 100,000 homes destroyed


Flood 2010An aerial view


Flood 2010Human Displacement


Flood 2010Children & Women suffered


Flood 2013Balochistan


Flood 2013Rajanpure-Punjab


Earthquake 2005Balakot, KP

Pakistan is exposed to internal conflicts since 2001.

There is significant Displacement & Return in KP/ FATA as a result of government operations against non-state armed groups.

Since 2009, over two million people have returned to their hometowns (Malakand Div, Mohamand, Bajour, SWA, & parts of Khyber Ag)

1.1 million people are still displaced in safer areas of KP/ FATA

Influx/Returns of IDPs have resulted in humanitarian crises which are beyond the capacity of the government to manage on its own.


Country ContextDisasters in Pakistan (Cont.)

Complex Emergency

Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) are special areas under the administrative control of Federal Government; consisting of 7 Agencies


8,557

152,515

IDPs in-campsIDPs off-camps

IDP Population reflects the total number of displaced families verified by NADRA

Current IDPs StatisticsAs of December 2013Source UNHCR/FDMA

IDPs Families

in-camps

IDPs Families

off-camps

Total IDPs

Families

8,557

152,515

161,072

Total Individuals IDPs

(@ 7 persons per HH)

1.1 million

Country ContextDisasters in Pakistan (Cont.)

Complex Emergency


Displacement from Malakand Division (Swat) 2008-9


Houses burnt Khyber Agency


Houses damaged due to shellingKhyber Agency


Girls School Blown away by militantsBuner District, KP


Govt Building Blown away by militantsBuner District, KP

RAPID FundThe Response



Concern Worldwide & OFDAEmergency Response in Pakistan

Concern is operational in Pakistan since 2001;

Since then Concern has responded to several large scale emergencies: the massive recurrent flooding in

2010/11/12/13 the 2009 Internally Displaced

Persons (IDP) crisis the 2007 cyclone Yemyin the catastrophic 2005

earthquake Long term development

programming in 3 out of 4 provinces of Pakistan

Well reputed in Pakistan as a leading agency in Emergency Response, Livelihoods and DRR/CBDRM

OFDA mandate: to save lives, alleviate human suffering, and reduce the social and economic impact of disasters worldwide in partnership with USAID functional and regional bureaus and other U.S. Government agencies

OFDA experts worldwide and in D.C. help countries prepare for, respond to, and recover from humanitarian crises.

OFDA works with the international humanitarian community to give vulnerable populations resources to build resilience and strengthen their own ability to respond to emergencies.

RAPID FundIntroduction


RAPID Fund (Phase 1 & 2) OFDA-funded – throughout Pakistan Phase 1 (2009-13): Budget $ 29 million Phase 2 (2013-15): Budget $ 8 million

Project Goal: To address the urgent relief and early recovery needs of disaster-affected populations in Pakistan through the establishment of a funding mechanism for the award of sub-grants to local and international NGOs.

Key sectors: Agriculture and Food Security; Economic Recovery; Health; Logistics Support and Relief Commodities; Protection; Shelter; WASH

Project ranges from US$ 5,000 (min) to US$ 300,000 (max) Geographical areas decided on the basis of needs declared by UNOCHA/

NDMA

RAPID FundHow the

mechanism works?RAPID Fund presentation for Effective Development Conference, Bangkok

At the onset of disaster or complex emergency situations1. RF team collect secondary information from UN agencies, humanitarian

organizations & government departments about the population affected, scale of damages and needs

2. Defining geographic areas for intervention on the basis of notification of NDMA/ PDMAs/ FDMA outlining the extent of damages

3. Defining sectors for intervention in consultation with Concern and OFDA (Isb) on the basis of UN & Government reports

4. Launching call for proposal; open until the availability of fund and needs in affected areas


RF MechanismAt the onset of disaster

After launching call for proposal;1. RF arranges sessions on proposal writing and need assessment for local

organizations by province 2. RF asks applicants to conduct its own need assessment focusing on proposed

geographic area and needs in humanitarian & cultural context3. RF asks applicants to validate needs & intervention from relevant cluster or

authority before submitting proposal to RF

NGOs (Local/ National/ International) Registered and legally permitted in Pakistan Having presence in the target geographical area(s) and experience in proposed

sector(s)Documents required; visit Separate need assessment report Narrative Proposal appropriately addressed Registrations certificate (Local/ National organizations) & MOU with EAD (INGO) Cost Estimates/ Budget Latest Audit report Organogram Submit the application via email to: [email protected]

RF MechanismWho can apply?


mailto:[email protected]

Proposal submission to RFPanel Review

Proposal declined; feedback shared

Potential Proposal; queries sharedNeed verification

capacity assessment

2nd reviewReview by OFDA, IsbOFDA Shares Queries

or DeclineQueries sent to

applicantRF review the proposal

Sent to OFDA IsbRF submits proposal to

CWUSCWUS Submits to

OFDA USOFDA approve

Issuance of approval letter

Agreement Signed

Grants Management Flow Chart


The approval of a proposal takes, on an average, total 10 working days


Social Mobilization/ Committee formation

Supplier Selection40%

Agreement Signed

Mid-Term Programatic & Financial Review

10%

lesson learned & close out 10%

Supplies to field/ Site

Project completion/ Final review

Final verification/output/ outcome analysis

visit to warehouse

Site Selections for hard componenets

RF team as advisors

Supplies to warehouse

TenderingStaff Hiring

Induction

visits of technical persons from RF

project activities continue; filed visits by Pos/ FLOs

Meetings with target community and beneficiaries

40%

Visit by PO

Visit by Engineer

Beneficiaries Selection/ Baseline

A project is implemented in three months. In some cases NCE & in rare cases CE is awarded if the project is behind its due date due to multiple reasons as outlined in CHALLENGES section G

rant

s Im

plem

enta

tion

Flo

w

Char

t


Factors contributing to desired results

1. We work through partners; 2. Our partnership is unique as partners independently identify needs, developed

proposal & establish linkages with community. We builds their capacity in conducting need assessment, proposal writing and budget preparation

3. We closely coordinate with clusters for need verification & activities design 4. We realign activities, technical designs, implementation mechanism and cost

estimates of potential applicants before submitting to OFDA5. We help partners in developing communication strategy & security

management plan6. We ensure DRR, protection, vulnerability & gender at the design stage 7. We build capacities of successful partners in M&E, implementation & reporting

5. We support them in baseline/ Pre KAP study; finalization of tools and study design

6. We review baseline, weekly / final progress reports & provide feedback to the partners; we finalize all reports in consultation & coordination with partners.

7. We ensure quality/ quantity of deliverables through support visits , beneficiaries’ involvement, community participation

8. We have well-defined MIS in place for data analysis and reporting 9. We measure output/ outcome through involving partners, beneficiaries,

stakeholders, and community in large10.We conduct impact assessment jointly & document lesson learnt during

intervention11.We timely disburse all financial tranches


Factors contributing to desired results(Continued)

RAPID FundThe Impact


Proposals received vs. Approved by Sectors

WASH NFIs

Shelt

er Hea

lthER

MS

Agricul

ture

Nutritio

n

Protec

tion

Non-RF s

ector

HCIM0

50100150200250300350400450500

433

226 204

142109

6026 20 8 5

40 28 34 14 15 2 1 1 0 0

Applications Received Projects approved

1. Country wide sphere of RF2. Implemented 135 projects during phase I3. Worked with 75 local/ National/ Int. Org


Project Funded by Response


Complex Emergency Response

Flood 2012 Flood 2011 Flood 20100

10

20

30

40

50

60

43

21 21

50

People Benefited by Response(in Million)


Flood Response Complex Emergency 0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4 1.3

0.3

1.2

0.3

Women Men

Total beneficia-ries 3.1 million

Impact Sustainable & disaster resilient

structure (Shelter/ WASH/ ERMS/ Agriculture);

DRR awareness in collaboration with mainstream CBDRM program

Village level organizations; awareness and empowerment in livelihood.

Capacity building of local organizations in project designing, & implementation;

Broadening vision of other stakeholders; cluster, NDMA, PDMAs/ FDMAs in responding to disasters & developing linkages with humanitarian organizations

Targets achieved by Response

WASHLatrines 6,854HP 3,170Jerry Can 62,223HK 59,373Water Tanks 223DWSS 52water sources Including pond 122

HP tool Kit 241DWSS tool kit 35Latrines Kit 970Aqua Tabs 978,12

5Pure Sachets 273,94

4mosquito nets 6,000solid waste bins 36bathing places 439washing place 385HS 5,353

SheltersEmergency shelter kits 55,456Transitional shelters 6,463One-room shelters 1,405NFIwinter kits 34,513kitchen sets 9,912NFI) 18,709

HealthClean Delivery Kits 17,021Health & Hygiene Kit 11,575Free Medical Camps 4,209Static Health Camps 10Reh BHU 12Reh RHU 2Referral 8,205mosquito nets 3,935Pure Sachet 17,000health and hygiene sessions 11,575

ERMSCash grants for business restoration, rental assistance, and/or to purchase tractor hours or seeds

8,584

Community infrastructure schemes through CFW 687

CFW tool kit 1,012

Agriculturefruits plants 30,000

bio-tech manure (Kg) 60,000

certified wheat seed (Kg) 450,000

agriculture tool kits 10,000


Budget Spent USD 25 million

6.2

9.2

4.4

4.7

Complex Emergency

Flood 2010

Flood 2011

Flood 2012

US $ in Million


Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh(External view)

Shelters are constructed according to SPHERE Standard


Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh(Internal view)


Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Sindh

Protection is ensured through disaster resilient structure


Emergency/ Transitional Shelter-Rajanpur, Punjab

DRR measures are ensured in all Shelters like raised platform & plastering


ERMSRehabilitation of suspension bridge in Shangla

Flood 2010 has damaged bridges in northern Pakistan; RF rehabilitated; ensuring communication and movement of communities across the river


ERMSRehabilitation of irrigation channel in Shangla

Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan’s economy; Flood 2010 washed away irrigation channels; RF rehabilitated these channels through cash for work ensuring water supply to agriculture land and injecting money in the local economy through

CFW


ERMSCash for WorkRehabilitation of foot track in Sindh

These affected people are engaged in rehabilitating pathway and earning for their livelihood through CFW in RF project


ERMSFemale beneficiaries gather at a distribution point for cash assistance-Sindh

RF supports affected people through conditional grants in order to rehabilitate their livelihood


WASHhygiene session for school children-Sindh

Hygienic practices remained a challenge after consecutive floods that contributed to the spread of disease; realizing this needs, RF through partners arranged hygiene

sessions for the awareness of adult and children


WASHhygiene session for school children-Sindh


WASHMakhazai Lower Kurram Agency, FATA,

Due to continuous militancy and counter militancy in FATA most of the water sources were destroyed; when displaced people returned back, they faced difficulty for drinking water, RF rehabilitated destroyed wells and installed hand pumps, the people has easy access to clean

water


HealthFree Medical Camp Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab,

Outbreak of communicable diseases in the aftermath of flood was a huge risk; RF through static and mobile health clinics, provided primary heath care facilities to the affected population


HealthHealth & Hygiene Session forIDPs of Khyber Agency residing in Peshawar

Health sessions arranged for the IDPs of FATA helped women to improve their hygienic practices that contributed to the reduction of communicable disease.


Non Food ItemsJaccobabad District, Province Sind

In the acute emergency/ disaster situation, affected people needs immediate support in the shape of NFIs in order to ensure their immediate protection. RF focuses in the distribution of

NFI/ Kitchen set.


AgricultureCertified Wheat SeedMuzafargarh-Punjab

Wheat is the staple food of the affected population, during early recovery phase, RF distributed certified wheat seed to help affected people to restore their livelihood and ensure food security


AgricultureCertified Rice SeedJaffarabad, Balochistan

1. Cultural constraints (women involvement)2. Religious barriers (NGOs acceptability)3. Geographic accessibility (Road Infrastructure)4. Political Instability (Militancy)5. Security situations (Kidnaping, looting, robbery etc.6. Bureaucratic Hurdles (NOC issuance)7. Capacity of local partners8. Short duration of projects and major requirements (procurement/

reporting etc.)


Challenges


Quest ions

Thanks

rapid fund by: shahid mahmood, program manager-rapid fund

Documents

indiarapid fund presentation

coastal areas of pakistan

people d

coastal areas of sindh

plain areas

floods countrywide

result of flash floods

disaster preparedness