rapid prototyping presentation 3d printers
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Rapid Prototyping
Laminated Object Manufacturing
Selective Laser Sintering
StereolithographyFused Deposition Modeling
Solid Ground Curing
3D Printing
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What is Rapid Prototyping
Builds parts Layer-By-Layer
Class of technologies that construct physical
models from CAD data
Some what like a 3-D printer
An Additive process Visual Aids or Design Testing
Rapid Tooling or Rapid Production of parts
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The Basic Process
Create a CAD model of the design
Convert the CAD model to STL format
Slice the STL file into thin cross-sectional
layers
Construct the model one layer atop another Clean and finish the model
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CAD MODEL
Build a Model
Solid Modeler Packages
Such as Pro-Engineer tend to represent objects
more accurate then wire frame packages
Yield better results
Existing CAD or Create a model for RP
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Conversion to STL
STL Format
Establish consistency
****.stl stereolithography, the first RP technique
Represents a 3-D surface in an assembly of planar
triangle
Like facets of a cut jewel
Planar elements Can not represent curve surfaces exactly
Accuracy vs. manageability
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Conversion to STL
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The Slice
Pre-processing program
Prepares STL file for build
Most program allows user to adjust the model
Size
Location
Orientation
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The Slice
Orientation
Weaker and less accurate in the Z direction then
in the x-y plane
Orientation partially determines the amount of
time for build
Higher in the Z
lot more time to build Place shortest dimension in the Z
Reduces the number of layers
Layers are slices from .01mm to .7 mm (technique)
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The Slice
Auxiliary Structure
Supports the model during build
Useful for delicate parts
Some time difficult to remove
Damage to Model
Poor surface finish
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Layer by Layer
Construction of the part
Several Techniques
Builds part one layer at a time
Polymers
Paper
Wax Powdered Metal
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Clean and Finish
Final Step is post-processing
Removing prototype
Detaching supports
Curing (if needed)
Minor Cleaning
Surface treatment
Sanding, sealing, painting and so on
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Clean and Finish
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Rapid Prototyping Techniques
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Laminated Object Manufacturing
Called LOM. (Helisys)
Paper is coated heat-activated glue so it will stick.
(spool)
Paper is bonded with last piece with heated rollers.
Design is cut out of paper with a laser.
The excess paper is cross hatched for removal. Produces large parts.
Wood like texture
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LOM Process
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LOM Examples
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Selective Laser Sintering
Called SLS. (DTM Carl Deckard)
Melts powdered material a layer at a time.
Uses leveling rollers
Laser is used to melt powdered material.
Traces part and sintering metal powder
Makes functional parts.
Many different powders can be used.
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SLS Process
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SLS Examples
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Stereolithography
Called SLA. (3D Systems first 1986)
Photosensitive liquid resin hardens when
exposed to a laser. Low-power high focused UV laser
Traces out layer, solidifying resin
Liquid epoxy or acrylate resin
The part is created layer by layer. The part needs to be cured after it is created.
Great accuracy and surface finish.
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SLA Process
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SLA Examples
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SLA Examples Cont
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Fused Deposition Modeling
Second Most Widely Used
Filament of heated thermoplastic is extruded from
the tip X-Y plane
Like decorating a cake
Platform lowered and head deposits a second layer
upon the first
ABS, PC, Casting Wax, Polyphenolsulfone
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FDM SAMPLES
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Solid Ground Curing
SGC - (Cubical)
Similar to stereolithography
Uses UV light
Selectively hardens photosensitive polymers
Cures entire process at a time
Photomask Printed on glass plate
UV light passes through the mask to the polymer
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SGC
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3D Jet Printing
Entire class of machines
3D Printing (3DP MIT, Soligen Corp.)
Powder (excess is blown off)
ZCORP 3D (Z corp.)
Powder (excess is blown off)
Thermo-Jet (3D systems)
Molten wax or polymer (no excess)
The model is built up layer upon layer at a time. Ink-jet printer head technology
Different materials can be used.
Versatile
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3D Printing Process
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3D Printing Examples
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3D Printing Examples Cont
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3D Printing Examples Cont
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Source Credit
http://home.att.net/~castleisland/lom_int.htm http://www.milparts.net/lom.html
http://www.ind.tno.nl/prototyping/rapid_prototyping/lom.html
http://www.bath.ac.uk/~en7bnd/rp/lom.htm
http://home.att.net/~castleisland/sls_int.htm
http://www.materialise.com/mt.asp?mp=ps_laser http://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_3.html
http://home.att.net/~castleisland/lom_int.htmhttp://www.milparts.net/lom.htmlhttp://www.ind.tno.nl/prototyping/rapid_prototyping/lom.htmlhttp://www.ind.tno.nl/prototyping/rapid_prototyping/lom.htmlhttp://www.bath.ac.uk/~en7bnd/rp/lom.htmhttp://home.att.net/~castleisland/sls_int.htmhttp://www.materialise.com/mt.asp?mp=ps_laserhttp://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_3.htmlhttp://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_3.htmlhttp://www.materialise.com/mt.asp?mp=ps_laserhttp://home.att.net/~castleisland/sls_int.htmhttp://www.bath.ac.uk/~en7bnd/rp/lom.htmhttp://www.ind.tno.nl/prototyping/rapid_prototyping/lom.htmlhttp://www.ind.tno.nl/prototyping/rapid_prototyping/lom.htmlhttp://www.milparts.net/lom.htmlhttp://home.att.net/~castleisland/lom_int.htm -
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Source Credit Cont.
http://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_1.html
http://www.padtinc.com/rm/sla/default.htm
http://www.webworqs.com/nomura/stereo.html http://www.howstuffworks.com/stereolith3.htm
http://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/02/3dprinttip_images.htm
http://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/whatis3dp.html
http://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/applications.html
http://www.zcorp.com/content/product_info/keyadvantage
s.html
http://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_1.htmlhttp://www.padtinc.com/rm/sla/default.htmhttp://www.webworqs.com/nomura/stereo.htmlhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/stereolith3.htmhttp://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/02/3dprinttip_images.htmhttp://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/whatis3dp.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/applications.htmlhttp://www.zcorp.com/content/product_info/keyadvantages.htmlhttp://www.zcorp.com/content/product_info/keyadvantages.htmlhttp://www.zcorp.com/content/product_info/keyadvantages.htmlhttp://www.zcorp.com/content/product_info/keyadvantages.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/applications.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/tdp/www/whatis3dp.htmlhttp://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/02/3dprinttip_images.htmhttp://www.howstuffworks.com/stereolith3.htmhttp://www.webworqs.com/nomura/stereo.htmlhttp://www.padtinc.com/rm/sla/default.htmhttp://www.cs.hut.fi/~ado/rp/subsection3_6_1.html