ratkaj ebu digital dividend insight
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croatia DSTV overviewTRANSCRIPT
80+ active members from 56 countries
45 associate members around the world
470+ TV channels and 900+ radio channels
195 million TV households and 600+ million viewers every week
more than 60 million people visit EBU members’ web services every day
www.ebu.ch tech.ebu.ch
• Public service broadcasting
• Terrestrial broadcasting
• The digital dividend
• Future prospects of digital terrestrial TV
• Terrestrial broadcasting vs. mobile broadband
• Discussion
Public Service Broadcasting
Why public service broadcasting?
Public service broadcasting uses money to make programmes
and provide public services, and not the other way around!
• Media has a strong influence on the society.
• This can bring significant benefits to the whole society.
• Market economy alone, left to itself, does not produce
as much benefits as it could. This is called ‘market failure’.
• Regulation is used to correct the market failure.
• Public service remit is defined through the regulatory obligations.
• Content obligations
* information, education, entertainment, culture and identity, language,
cultural diversity, social inclusion, citizenship, public sphere
• Editorial and economic independence
from political and commercial interests
• Coverage obligations: free-to-air, universal coverage
• Reliable delivery through all relevant distribution platforms
- no charges for terrestrial spectrum, ‘must carry’ on cable,
no ‘gate keeping’, net neutrality
• Maximum availability with minimum costs
for the viewers and listeners:
• Competition between different distribution platforms
About terrestrial broadcasting
EBU – Recommendation R 131
Terrestrial Broadcasting
in Europe
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• No other delivery platform
combines all these features
to the same degree as
the digital terrestrial TV.
Availability
Free to air
Flexibility
Efficiency
Quality of service
Market success
Development
• Any future replacement must
provide the same benefits.
• DTT is the key platform
to deliver the public value
in Europe.
• Availability
• near-universal coverage (98+ % of the population)
• most of the households equipped to receive terrestrially
• most of the TV receivers come with a DTT tuner
• Flexibility
• any reception mode (fixed, portable, mobile)
• coverage can be adjusted as needed (national, regional, local)
• various business models (free-to-air, pay-TV)
• flexible use of the available capacity in a multiplex
• supports a range of services
• Free-to-air
• no additional charges for the viewers
• no gate keeping
• Cost efficient
• total delivery costs (for broadcasters) for all FTA channels
in the order of a few € / month per household
• Programme offer in Europe (June 2011)
• 1800 channels in the EU27+ Croatia and Turkey
• 820 national channels (compared to 500 in April 2009)
• 54% of the channels are local
• 47% of the channels are free-to-air, 53% pay-TV
• HDTV available on DTT in 13 countries
• 60% FTA channels are private, 40% public (92% of pay-TV are private)
• The fastest growing broadcasting platform
• estimated 700 millions of DVB receivers in use (end of 2011)
• this does not include DVB-T2 receivers
• growth by 100 mil / year
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Jan.2009 Jul.2009 Jan.2010 Jul.2010 Jan.2011 Jul.2011
No
. TV
ch
ann
els
Source: Mavise TV database (www.obs.coe.int/about/oea/pr/mavise_juin2011.html)
EU27 + Croatia and Turkey
• Programme offer in Europe (June 2011)
• 1800 channels in the EU27+ Croatia and Turkey
• 820 national channels (compared to 500 in April 2009)
• 54% of the channels are local
• 47% of the channels are free-to-air, 53% pay-TV
• HDTV available on DTT in 13 countries
• 60% FTA channels are private, 40% public (92% of pay-TV are private)
• The fastest growing broadcasting platform
• estimated 700 millions of DVB receivers in use (end of 2011)
• this does not include DVB-T2 receivers
• growth by 100 mil / year
• Viewing
• viewing time of linear TV is about 4 hours/day and increasing
• time shifted and on-demand viewing is increasingly popular
• TV is the most popular singe platform for audiovisual content
• the social aspect of TV reaffirmed through new social media
Source: Eurobarometer, July 2011
DTT: 30%
Analogue: 23%
Future prospects
of digital terrestrial TV
• Continuous development
• increase in capacity, flexibility (MPEG-4, DVB-T2)
• evolution of linear services (all-HD, mobile TV, 3D-TV)
• non-linear services (time-shifted, on-demand, personalized)
• hybrid broadcast-broadband (HBB) solutions, multi-screen
• Regulation
• preserve sufficient amount of spectrum for the future
• protect the public value of DTT
• Interference
• from the mobile systems in the 800 MHz band (and below)
• from white space devices
• from Power Line Telecommunication (PLT) systems
• Switch-over from analogue to digital TV
• analogue switch-off completed in 17 European countries
• additional 11 countries announced the switch-off date
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1. Linear broadcasting services are here to stay.• DTT will remain important in the foreseeable future
• technology and service development must continue
• sufficient spectrum and adequate regulation are essential
2. Non-linear services will continue to grow• hybrid broadcast / broadband approach is the way to go
Question: How to deliver linear TV to personal user devices
(smartphones, media tablets and personal computers)?
3. Mobile and portable reception will be increasingly important
Question: How to leverage on the strengths of DTT in a hybrid world?
4. Innovative ways for indoor distribution are needed• broadcasters cannot do it alone
Question: How to ensure that radio and TV are retained
in the future mobile multimedia service offering?
Question: Who are potential partners and how to engage them?
The Digital Dividend
• Increased technical quality (SDTV, HDTV)
• New kinds of services (mobile, data, hybrid, multi-screen, 3DTV ...)
• Convergence in the all-digital environment
• Multi-fold increase in transmission capacity
• Reduction of costs
• Increased flexibility
• Scope for development
• Spectrum opportunities
• more intense use of the spectrum for DTT
• some spectrum to be released (e.g. 800 MHz band for mobile)
• sharing with other users (e.g. white space devices)
Because it is complex
• many stakeholders (broadcasting, mobile services, PMSE, WSD,
PPDR, regulators, policy makers, the public)
• interrelated aspects (technical, economic, regulatory, social, cultural)
There are conflicting forces at play
• economic benefits vs. social value
• cultural policy vs. industrial policy
• European harmonisation vs. specific national situation
• commercial interest vs. public service
• many decision makers (national administrations, EC, CEPT, ITU ...)
• incumbents vs. new users - reluctance to share the spectrum
• long term vs. short term
The stakes are high
• future of terrestrial broadcasting
• provision of rural broadband
• mobile business developments
• What drives the market value of the UHF spectrum?
• How much is the 700 MHz band worth?
Outcome of the 800 MHz band auctions
€ / MHz / capita
24 – 49 € per capita
470 MHz 862 MHz
21 30 40 50 60 69
Broadcasting2006
470 MHz 862 MHz
21 30 40 50 60 69
Broadcasting
790 MHz
61
BC + Mobile2007
470 MHz 862 MHz
21 30 40 50 60 69
Broadcasting
790 MHz
61
BC + Mobile
48
694 MHz
BC + Mobile2012
470 MHz 862 MHz
21 30 40 50 60 69
790 MHz
61
BC + MobileBC + Mobile2015
XX
X
How important is DTT in your country?
• penetration – how many households are receiving terrestrially
• market potential – how much content is needed for a viable DTT
Public value of DTT
• is there awareness amongst decision makers
• how is the pubic value protected and promoted
National audiovisual media policy
• is there a commitment to public service broadcasting
• which infrastructure will support the public policy objectives
• what is the development roadmap for this infrastructure
Are there any alternatives to DTT
• can they deliver the same benefits
• when will they be available
• at what costs
• how to migrate the audiences
Terrestrial broadcasting
vs.
wireless broadband
Terrestrial TV Wireless broadband
• universal coverage
• any reception mode
• guaranteed, predictable quality
• cost-efficient delivery to large
audiences (independent of the
number of simultaneous users)
• every user has access to
the total capacity of the network
• bi-directional
• designed for mobile reception
• potentially unlimited choice of services
• well suited to serve small audiences
• growing population of user equipment
• IP-based
• one-way, no return channel
• the offer is limited by the platform
capacity (no niche channels)
• limited delivery to mobile devices
• no access to IP-only devices
• limited coverage (with sufficient quality)
• only best effort QoS
• high costs, depending on the number of
users; not suitable for large audiences
• total capacity is shared between users
Terrestrial TV and wireless broadband are complementary!
+
−
• Mobile broadband alone cannot satisfy the users’ demand
for mobile media services
• because of the capacity constraints
• difficulties to consistently meet high quality requirements
• incomplete coverage (for the required QoS)
• high costs
• DTT networks are optimal for linear delivery
• they provide required coverage and sufficient quality
• distribution costs are low
• but alone, they are of little use for on-demand services
• DTT and mobile broadband are complementary
• only by combining their strengths will content providers be able
to offer the full range of linear and non-linear services
• this will also help to relieve the strain from the mobile networks
• LTE (downlink) and DVB-T2 are similar technologies
Discussion
2. The users care about content, not technology
How to meet their future expectations in terms of choice and quality?
• for all services, both linear and on-demand
• on all devices (large screens, smartphones, tablets)
• in all conditions (stationary, mobile, multi-screen)
3. Terrestrial broadcasting and mobile broadband are complementary
Given that neither platform alone can satisfy the whole user demand,
what could be viable models of cooperation between them?
• in delivering the full range of media services
• in using the spectrum efficiently
1. Digital dividend spectrum is a public good
How can the public value be preserved in the process?
E-mail: [email protected]
Web: tech.ebu.ch