rc_obr7.0 glossary.pdf

Information

System

Glossary

A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635

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Glossary InformationSystem

f Important Notice on Product Safety

DANGER - RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK OR DEATH - FOLLOW ALL INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS.

The system complies with the standard EN 60950 / IEC 60950. All equipment connected to the system mustcomply with the applicable safety standards.Hazardous voltages are present at the AC power supply lines in this electrical equipment. Some components mayalso have high operating temperatures.Failure to observe and follow all installation and safety instructions can result in serious personal injuryor property damage.Therefore, only trained and qualified personnel may install and maintain the system.

The same text in German:

Wichtiger Hinweis zur Produktsicherheit

LEBENSGEFAHR - BEACHTEN SIE ALLE INSTALLATIONSHINWEISE.

Das System entspricht den Anforderungen der EN 60950 / IEC 60950. Alle an das System angeschlossenenGeräte müssen die zutreffenden Sicherheitsbestimmungen erfüllen.In diesen Anlagen stehen die Netzversorgungsleitungen unter gefährlicher Spannung. Einige Komponentenkönnen auch eine hohe Betriebstemperatur aufweisen.Nichtbeachtung der Installations- und Sicherheitshinweise kann zu schweren Körperverletzungen oderSachschäden führen.Deshalb darf nur geschultes und qualifiziertes Personal das System installieren und warten.

Caution:This equipment has been tested and found to comply with EN 301489. Its class of conformity is defined in tableA30808-X3247-X910-*-7618, which is shipped with each product. This class also corresponds to the limits for aClass A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules.These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment isoperated in a commercial environment.This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accor-dance with the relevant standards referenced in the manual “Guide to Documentation”, may cause harmful inter-ference to radio communications.For system installations it is strictly required to choose all installation sites according to national and local require-ments concerning construction rules and static load capacities of buildings and roofs.For all sites, in particular in residential areas it is mandatory to observe all respectively applicable electromagneticfield / force (EMF) limits. Otherwise harmful personal interference is possible.

Trademarks:

All designations used in this document can be trademarks, the use of which by third parties for their own purposescould violate the rights of their owners.

Copyright (C) Siemens AG 2002.

Issued by the Information and Communication Mobile GroupHofmannstraße 51D-81359 München

Technical modifications possible.Technical specifications and features are binding only insofar asthey are specifically and expressly agreed upon in a written contract.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

This document consists of a total of 58 pages. All pages are issue 2.

Contents

1 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

2 B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3 C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

4 D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

5 E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6 F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

7 G . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8 H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

9 I/J/K. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

10 L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

11 M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

12 N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

13 O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

14 P/Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

15 R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

16 S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

17 T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

18 U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

19 V/W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

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Glossary

1 Aabsolute radio frequency channelnumber (ARFCN)

A number in the range 1 to 124 which defines the absolute channel number.

AC HLR identification table The AC HLR identification is determined by the relation to the home locationregister, indicated by its HLR-code. This relation is stored semipermanently inthe AC HLR identification table which is part of the AC database.

accept call A valid seizure for which call processing is attempted.access capability The number and type of the access channels at a GSM PLMN access inter-

face that are actually available for telecommunication purposes;access control This service guards against unauthorized use of resources accessible via op-

eration and maintenance interfaces of the BCE.access grant channel (AGCH) Downlink only. Used to allocate an SDCCH or directly a TCH.accessory control unit (ACU) The accessory control unit is mainly used for communication with the disk

controllers to off-load the MPU from routine tasks.ACE receive side (ACE-RX) Antenna-coupling equipment for the receive sideACE transmit side (ACE-TX) Antenna-coupling equipment for the transmit sideACM message When the fixed connection is established in the fixed network, the ACM mes-

sage is received by the MSC.action According to the object-oriented concepts for GSM networks, an NM function

is performed by an action upon an object. An action is the process of perform-ing an NM function in this way.

activate measurement Starts the measurement process for controlling the measurement accordingto the requirements (schedule etc.) and communicating with the subsystemconcerned.

activated supplementary services The supplementary services which currently apply.activation An action taken by either the service provider, the subscriber or the system to

enable a process to run as and when required by the service concerned. Thetime during which the process is activated is defined as the active phase. Dur-ing activation the service will be either "quiescent" or "operative" according towhether or not the system is actually using the service, e.g. to forward a callor to apply call waiting indication.

activation of software images The activation defines which of the versions available in the BSS shall beloaded and on what device.

active mode The state of an MS when processing a call.activity An activity is named by a verb. The possible actions on objects are specified

by object methods which are specified with the object classes. There aremethods for different object classes that are essentially the same. By this like-ness the methods are classified into activities.

adaptive frame alignment Means of ensuring that the timeslots received at the BS from active MSs atdifferent distances from the BS are in time alignment. Transmit timeslot ad-vance period in the MS necessary to ensure this. The value can be assessedby measuring the "roundtrip delay"; this depends on the distance of the MSfrom the serving BS.

additional text (AT) A text of up to 80 characters, giving certain information on an alarm that canbe generated by an object of an alarm-generating object class. Therefore anadditional text is always associated with an alarm-generating object class andan error ID of this object class.

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additional text file BSS (ATFBSS) For each OSS there is exactly one instance of the object class ATFBSS whichis created at OMC initialization time. This instance does not represent a realobject and serves only to structure the containment hierarchy for BSS-addi-tional texts.

additional text file OMC (ATFO-MC)

For each OMC there is exactly one instance of the object class ATFOMCwhich is created at OMC initialization time. This instance does not representa real object and serves only to structure the containment hierarchy for OMC-additional texts.

administration center (ADC) The ADC node of the TMN provides for PLMN operator-specific requirementsin the administration and commercial areas.

administrative state (AST) Administrative states of an object are those states that can be influenced bythe operator. These states are LOCKED, SHUTTING DOWN and UN-LOCKED.

advice of charge (AOC) The supplementary service which provides the possibility for a mobile sub-scriber who pays for the use of telecommunications services to receive charg-ing information related to the used telecommunication services.

alarm (ALR) An event that is assigned to an alarm type. Such an event is caused by a faultdetected by a managed object. The event ID of an alarm is called an error ID.

alarm action An action performed when an alarm is detected. On the one hand it is per-formed by a management process of the network element that the object (thatgenerated the alarm) belongs to; on the other hand it is to be performed by theOMC user, who is informed of the alarm by an alarm record. An alarm actionis either an immediate alarm action or a set of one or two threshold actions.

alarm category (ALCAT) Alarms are categorized by the alarm category. The alarm category can as-sume one of three levels, viz. prompt maintenance alarm, deferred mainte-nance alarm, and maintenance event information. One of these levels isassigned to each alarm, i.e. to each error ID.

alarm counter A counter that is regarded as being associated with some internal alarm, i.e.with some error ID of an alarm-generating object. The current value of thealarm counter is incremented by 1 when this alarm occurs.

alarm generating object An object that is able to generate alarms.alarm mask An alarm mask is used to display an alarm message on the BMML error win-

dow.alarm message A message issued by the system outside the man machine dialog that signals

to the operator an alarm which could require manual interaction.alarm output device An output device used for routing. Alarm printers and alarm terminals are

alarm output devices.alarm printer (ALPRT) A printing device used exclusively as an alarm output device.alarm processing A special case of event processing. The processing of alarms is controlled by

error descriptions that are provided by the OMC.alarm record An alarm record that is descended from a BSS alarm is called a BSS alarm

record. Such a record is an instance of the object class ERRBSS and storedin the BSS history file (HFBSS).

alarm relay The alarm can also be passed to external equipment using four relays.alarm report Depending on whether the pertinent event is an alarm or not, an event report

will be an alarm report or a non-alarm report.alarm terminal An OMT that can be used for routing.alarm type An alarm type specifies the kind of alarm.algorithm A3 Cryptographic algorithm that produces SRES, using RAND and Ki.algorithm A5 Cryptographic algorithm that produces ciphertext out of cleartext, using Kc.algorithm A8 Cryptographic algorithm that produces Kc using RAND and Ki.

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Glossary

all routes busy A call attempt for which a no-circuit-available condition was detected on allavailable route options.

all trunks busy (ATB) A call attempt for which a no-circuit-available condition was detected.anchor MSC (MSC-A) The MSC which first establishes the radio connection to or from a mobile sta-

tion for mobile terminating (MTC) or originating calls (MOC) respectively. ThisMSC will be the call controlling MSC for the duration of the call, also in caseswhere a call is handed over to another MSC.

antenna coupling equipment(ACE)

The antenna coupling equipment ACE is used to reduce the number of trans-mit/receive antennas needed for a given number of radio terminals.

antenna diversity (operation) Antenna diversity is particularly useful to maintain the nominal uplink qualityin large radio cells with low power-class MSs in operation or in cells with fewallocated RF channels where frequency hopping is ineffective or not used.

application A functional field of the D900 OMS that is visible from the user's point of view.In the context of the OMS900 the applications are CM, FM, PM, SM, SWM.

application entity (AE) The entities in the application layer; a model of those aspects of an applicationprocess that are concerned with its interaction with other application process-es.

application process (AP) An element within an open system which performs the information processingfor a particular application.

application service element (ASE) A module in an application process or in a user program that supports com-monly required application-related services like those of establishing an appli-cation association, file transfer, electronic mail, or execution at a remote site.An ASE is an integrated set of functions which together provide one or moreapplication-related communication capabilities.

application software Application software provides the control for the GSM PLMN features.application-level services The application layer provides a number of OSI services, e.g. association con-

trol, reliable transfer, message handling. Such services are called application-level services.

approved testing laboratory A laboratory which has been accredited by the appropriate Administration oran accrediting body recognized as competent in its country, according to Rec.T/G 01-01, and which is approved by that Administration or State as compe-tent for conducting conformity tests on telecommunications terminal equip-ment.

arbiter The arbiter on the Processor Control Panel PCP controls access to the DTB.arbitration bus The accesses to the DTB are coordinated via the arbitration bus.architecture of switching sub-system entities

The SSS entities are members of the EWSD family of switching systems. Allmembers of this family are characterized by the use of stored program control,pulse code modulation, and time division multiplexing of the switched informa-tion.

archive for event records (AR-CHIVE)

An instance of the object class ARCHIVE represents a file used for archivingevent records.

ATB duration The duration of an ATB condition for a trunk group.attribute A management information item that describes some property of a managed

object. Examples of such properties may be its operational characteristics,conditions of operation or current state.

attribute component An object attribute is either a composite attribute or an elementary attribute. Acomposite attribute consists of a set of direct components which are called at-tribute components. An attribute component is again an object attribute.

attribute manager The attribute manager provides the functions for modifying the attributes of anobject, which are all contained in a data base.

audio frequency (AF) The human ear's frequency band, normally from about 15 Hz to about 15 kHz.

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audio processing unit (APU) The audio processing unit contains the AF processing and the vocoder.audit Verification of the data used to control the system.audit capability Audits detect and clear errors in a data structure. Typical audits validate data

structure linkage, redundancy between data structures, or data structure con-tent.

audit routine Audit routines check data feasability and ensure that data residing in theswitching periphery and central control are consistent and reflect the actualstate of the system.

authentication (AUT(H)) The corroboration by the fixed part of the system that the identity (IMSI, TM-SI), transferred by the mobile subscriber within the authentication procedureat the radiopath, is the one claimed.

authentication center (AC) Component of the fixed part of the system which contains subscriber authen-tication keys (Ki) and generates security-related parameters (RAND, SRES,Kc) - depending on the way of implementation.

authentication parameter One of the three security-related parameters of the triple generated by the AC(RAND, SRES and Kc).

authentication procedure The procedure of checking that the subscriber's identity is the one claimed.authorization (SSPAUT) This service concerns the definition and control of the various levels of permit-

ted access to the BCE by specific types of authorized personnel or equipment.authorization class (AUTCL) There are a maximum of 33 authorization classes, of which authorization

classes 0 and 1 are fixed. The others can be defined as required by the oper-ating company.

authorization class 1 Authorization class 1 is the default class containing all MML commands andcannot be modified by the operating personnel.

automatic frequency control(AFC)

Circuitry which controls the frequency of oscillators in equipment within spe-cific limits.

automatic gain control (receiver)(AGC)

During the data signal receiver mode the AGC voltage has to be held constantto avoid additional signal phase distortions and signal amplitude fluctuationswhich will affect the equalizer performance.

automatic maintenance function In general, the automatic maintenance functions provide for both hardwareand software fault handling.

automatic message accounting(AMA)

A set of software features that provide billing information, e.g. the control, col-lection and recording of calls charged, and any other relevant informationsuch as a record for the calling and billing process.

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Glossary

2 Bbackup storage module (BSM) The backup storage module provides a means to enter data into or dump data

from the BCE using 5.25" floppy disks. The module contains two disk drives,a power supply unit and a connecting panel to interface the module with theWFC-board of the BCC.

barring condition Criterion for which calls are to be barred, e.g. all outgoing calls, all internation-al outgoing calls, etc.

barring of all incoming calls (BA-IC)

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all incoming calls or just those associated with a specific basic servicefrom terminating at their directory number. Served mobile subscribers are stillable to set up calls.

barring of all incoming calls whenroaming outside the home PLMNcountry (BIC-Roam)

This service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to prevent all incomingcalls or just those associated with a specific basic service from terminating attheir directory number while they are outside of the home PLMN country.Served mobile subscribers are still able to set up calls.

barring of all outgoing calls(BAOC)

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing calls or just those associated with a specific basis servicefrom being set up from their directory number. Served mobile subscribers arestill able to receive calls and to set up emergency calls.

barring of all outgoing calls exceptthose to home PLMN (BNHO)

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing calls except those directed to the home PLMN from being setup from their directory number. These calls may be associated with all or justone specific basic service. It is only possible to set up calls to subscribers ofthe home PLMN in which the subscriber is registered.

barring of all outgoing calls whenroaming outside the home PLMNcountry

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing calls from being set up from their directory number while theyare outside of their home PLMN country. These calls may be associated withall or just one specific basic service. It is only possible to set up calls from with-in the home PLMN country, in which case the destination of outgoing calls isnot restricted. Served mobile subscribers are still able to receive calls and toset up emergency calls when outside of the home PLMN country.

barring of all outgoing internation-al calls (BOIC)

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing international calls from being set up from their directory num-ber. These calls may be associated with all or just one specific basic service.It is only possible to set up calls to subscribers of the PLMN (s) and the fixednetwork(s) of the country in which the mobile subscriber is currently located.The present PLMN may be the home PLMN or a visited PLMN; likewise, thefixed network may be that of the home PLMN country or that of a visited PLMNcountry. Served mobile subscribers are still able to receive calls and to set upemergency calls.

barring of all outgoing internation-al calls directed to non-CEPTcountries

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing calls directed to non-CEPT countries from being set up fromtheir directory number. These calls may be associated with all or just one spe-cific basic service. It is only possible to set up calls to subscribers in GSMPLMNs or to subscribers of the fixed networks of the CEPT countries, regard-less of the served mobile subscriber's current location within the CEPT coun-tries. Served mobile subscribers are still able to receive calls and to set upemergency calls.

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barring of all outgoing internation-al calls except those directed tothe home PLMN country (BOIC-exHC)

This supplementary service makes it possible for mobile subscribers to pre-vent all outgoing international calls except those directed to the home PLMNcountry from being set up from their directory number. These calls may be as-sociated with all or just one specific basic service. It is only possible to set upcalls to subscribers of the PLMN(s) and the fixed network(s) of the country inwhich the mobile subscriber is currently located or to subscribers of the servedmobile subscriber's home PLMN and subscribers of the fixed network(s) in thehome PLMN country. The present PLMN may be the home PLMN or a visitedPLMN; likewise, the fixed network may be that of the home PLMN country orthat of a visited PLMN country. Served mobile subscribers are still able to re-ceive calls and to set up emergency calls.

base transceiver station (BTS) A network component which serves one cell and is controlled by a base sta-tion controller. The BTS contains one or more transceivers (TRXs).

base authorization The base authorization of an input device allows certain commands to be en-tered without a password.

base processor (BAP) One of the two base processors is operated as a master (BAPM) and the otheras a spare (BAPS). In error-free operation, the BAPM performs operation andmaintenance tasks and some call processing and mobile tasks. The BAPSperforms call processing and mobile tasks only. If the BAPMN fails, the BAPStakes over the tasks of the BAPM.

base station (BS) A land station in the land mobile service. Note: This is not the same as "fixedstation".

base station controller (BSC) A network component in the PLMN with the function of controlling one or morebase transceiver stations (BTSs).

base station control unit (BSCU) The BSCU is connected to a number of base transceiver stations via digitallines.

base station identity code (BSIC) A block of code, consisting of the PLMN color code and a base station colorcode. One base station can have several base station color codes.

base station system (BSS) On of the three subsystems of the D900 system. Its equipment (base trans-ceiver stations, base station controllers, etc.) is viewed by the MSC as beingthe entity responsible for communicating with mobile stations in a certain area.The radio equipment of a BSS may cover one or more cells. A BSS may con-sist of one or more base stations. If an internal interface according to the GSM08.0x series of recommendations is implemented, the BSS shall consist ofone base station controller (BSC) and several base transceiver stations(BTSs). The functionality is described in Recommendation GSM 08.02.

base station system applicationpart (BSSAP)

This subsection identifies the functions required of the base station system(BSS) interface to the MSC.

base station system managementapplication part (BSSMAP)

This application part supports all procedures between MSC and BSS that re-quire interpretation and processing of information related to single calls, andresource management.

baseband (BB) In the process of modulation, the frequency band occupied by the aggregateof the transmitted signals when first used to modulate a carrier, and in demod-ulation, the recovered aggregate of the transmitted signals.

baseband data stream The baseband data stream to the modulator carries multiplexed data and in-formation for the power control of the transmitter during the guard period.

baseband signal processing The baseband signal processing is performed by the signal processing unitSPU both in uplink and downlink directions.

basic handover procedure A procedure in which a call is handed over from the MSC under which the callwas originated to another MSC.

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Glossary

basic man machine language(BMML)

The BMML of the D900 System is a command-oriented MML. The BMML in-put is given by commands, but the BMML output is given by BMML outputmasks.

basic services The telecommunications services excluding the supplementary services (inaccordance with Table 1/I.210).

BCCH allocation (BA) The radio frequency channels allocated in a cell for BCCH transmission.BCCH-FREQ-NCELL Frequency of the RF carrier on which the BCCH of a neighboring cell is trans-

mitted.bearer service A type of telecommunications service that makes it possible to transmit sig-

nals between user-network interfaces.bit error rate (BER) The number of erroneous bits divided by the total number of bits over a stipu-

lated period of time. It is usually expressed as a number and a power of 10.bit number (BN) Number which identifies the position of a particular bit period within a timeslot.BMML command A BMML command specifies a BMML function. When transmitted to the sys-

tem it causes an action. A BMML command is a character string formed ac-cording to the BMML input syntax.

BMML command status The BMML command status is issued by the system in a BMML output mask.It can have the values "accepted", "executed", "partially executed", "not exe-cuted", "stopped".

BMML dialog error mask A BMML dialog error message (see output message) is displayed in a BMMLdialog error mask in the BMML error window. A dialog error message occursin response to either an error made by the operator when submitting a com-mand to the system or an error detected by the system when executing a com-mand.

BMML error window The client area of the BMML error window has 72 characters in width and 15lines. Essentially it is used to display BMML dialog error messages. In addi-tion, alarm messages can be displayed in this window if the terminal is config-ured as an alarm terminal.

BMML function An MML function of the BMML.BMML input The MML input of the BMML. It is given by means of BMML commands that

are placed into a BMML input window.BMML input syntax The BMML input syntax is the syntax for the BMML input, the units of which

are BMML commands.BMML input window The BMML input window, which is a child window of the BMML working

screen, has 35 characters in width and 36 lines. It is used exclusively to enterthe BMML commands, i.e. the BMML input (see BMML input).

BMML job The execution of a BMML command is called a BMML job. When a BMMLcommand is being transmitted to the system for execution, the BMML inter-preter performs a syntax check. If the check is error-free, a BMML job is cre-ated and started.

BMML job identification For each BMML job created a BMML job identification (BMML job ID) is gen-erated in order to identify the job among others running simultaneously. TheBMML job ID is a number.

BMML opening screen When a BMML session is started by means of a UNIX command at a terminal,the screen changes into the BMML opening screen.

BMML output The BMML output is the MML output of the BMML. It is represented by meansof BMML output masks that are displayed in windows, viz. in a BMML outputwindow or in a BMML error window.

BMML output mask A BMML output mask is either a BMML result mask or a BMML dialog errormask.

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BMML output syntax The BMML output syntax is given by the setup of the BMML output mask andis specified by the pertinent mask types.

BMML output window A BMML output window is either a BMML result window or a BMML error win-dow.

BMML result mask In a BMML result mask a BMML result message (see output message) is dis-played. Such a mask is formed according to the BMML result mask type (seemask type). It consists of a mask header, a mask body and a mask footer.

BMML result window An output window which is a permanently displayed child window of theBMML working screen.

BMML screen A BMML screen is either a BMML opening screen or a BMML working screen.BMML session A BMML session is started with a UNIX command. It starts with the BMML

opening screen, followed by the display of the BMML input window, the BMMLoutput window, and the BMML dialog error window. By means of these win-dows a dialog with the system can be conducted using BMML. A BMML ses-sion is finished by closing the three windows.

BMML working screen A BMML working screen (a root window) has three permanently displayedchild windows that do not overlap: the BMML input window, the BMML resultwindow, and the BMML error window.

broadcast channel (BCH) These channels are intended to carry signaling or synchronization informa-tion. The broadcast channel is one category of control.

broadcast control channel(BCCH)

The BCCH is used to broadcast cell-specific information only downlink, whichmeans from base stations to mobile stations, including information necessaryfor the MS to register in the system.

BS-BCCH-SDCCH-COMB Logical variable that indicates the combination of dedicated and associatedcontrol channels on the same physical channel.

BS-CC-CHANS Number of basic physical channels supporting common control channels.BS-PA-MFRMS Number of multiframes between two transmissions of the same paging mes-

sage to MSs of the same paging group.BSS central controller (BCC) The BSS central controller BCC is a multiprocessor system. It contains a main

CPU providing the processing capacity for the operating system and all cen-tral tasks, and a set of slave processors for peripheral tasks and the commu-nication between the components of the BCE.

BSS history file (HFBSS) The object class HFBSS has just one instance in each OMC. The instancerep-resents the BSS history file. HFBSS has two child object classes, namelyERRBSS and EVEBSS, the instances of which represent the event records ofthe BSS history file.

BSS switch unit (BSU) The BSS switch unit contains a non-blocking single stage time division multi-plex switching network for 2 Mb/s TDMA-channels containing 32 timeslotseach. Up to 1024 bothway channels at 64 kb/s can be switched. The internalstructure contains triple redundancy for the switch matrix and a duplicatedclock module.

BSU clock unit All timing signals of the BSU are derived from a master clock signal of 32.768MHz which is generated by two independent temperature controlled oscilla-tors working according to the master/slave principle.

BSU multiplexer The BSU multiplexer forms the interface between the PMC and the timestage. Up to eight PMCs can be used in parallel.

BSU time stage The BSU time stage is part of the switching network. Besides switching call-related channels, it extracts commands from a specific incoming PMC anddistributes them to the multiplexers. In addition, status information from themultiplexers and the time stage itself is inserted into the above mentionedspecific PMC.

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BSU time stage power supply The time stage power supply (dc/dc-converter) is designed to supply one timestage board.

BTS central unit (BCU) Part of the base transceiver station BTS.built-in test equipment (BITE) The amplifier houses a built-in test equipment (BITE) which checks the func-

tion of the distribution amplifier during operation by means of a pilot signal.burst A period of modulated carrier less than one timeslot. The physical content (ac-

tive part) of a timeslot.

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3 CCA-BAND-NUMB Number of the frequency band that contains the cell allocation.call control (CC) Call control software contains the interface to the operating system for input

of messages to call processing. Based on the type of message, a call se-quence is invoked which executes the required functions to complete pro-cessing of the event. The SSS provides call sequences according to GSMPLMN specifications in order to process mobile originated calls, call reestab-lishments, handover of calls, changeover, location registrations, location up-dates, etc.

call forwarding (CF) This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number. The served mobile subscriber is still ableto set up calls. Call forwarding may be conditional or unconditional.

call forwarding conditional (CFC) This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number. The served mobile subscriber is still ableto set up calls. If this service is activated, calls are forwarded only under cer-tain specified conditions, e.g. mobile subscriber busy, not reachable, etc.

call forwarding mobile subscriberbusy (CFB)

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number and meet mobile subscriber busy. Theserved mobile subscriber is still able to set up calls. If this service is activated,a call is forwarded only if the call meets mobile subscriber busy.

call forwarding on mobile sub-scriber not reachable (CFNRc)

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the directorynumber of a mobile subscriber that cannot be reached. The served mobilesubscriber is still able to set up calls. If this service is activated, a call is for-warded only if the mobile subscriber cannot be reached.

call forwarding on mobile sub-scriber not registered

This supplementary service permits a called, unregistered mobile subscriberto have the network send to another directory number all incoming calls, orjust those associated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to thecalled mobile subscriber's directory number. In principle, the served mobilesubscriber is still able to set up calls, but this is not possible in practice if thesubscriber is not registered.

call forwarding on no paging re-sponse

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number but cannot be reached due to no pagingresponse. In principle, the served mobile subscriber is still able to set up calls,but this may become temporarily impossible when outside of radio coverege,(e.g. in tunnels). If this service is activated, a call is forwarded only if the MSdoes not respond to paging messages.

call forwarding on no reply (CFN-Ry)

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number and meet no reply. The served mobilesubscriber is still able to set up calls. If this service is activated, a call is for-warded only if the call meets no reply.

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Glossary

call forwarding on radio conges-tion

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incoming calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number but cannot be reached due to radiocongestion. In principle, the served mobile subscriber is still able to set upcalls, but this may become impossible in practice due to the radio congestion.If this service is activated, a call is forwarded only if there is radio congestion.

call forwarding request Request made by mobile subscriber to have all or certain incoming calls di-rected to another directory number, either in all cases (CFU) or under certainconditions (CFC).

call forwarding services Forwarding services permit a called subscriber to redirect to another directorynumber calls which were addressed to the directory number of the mobile sub-scriber.

call forwarding unconditional(CFU)

This supplementary service permits a called mobile subscriber to have thenetwork send to another directory number all incomimg calls, or just those as-sociated with a specific basic service, which are addressed to the called mo-bile subscriber's directory number. The served mobile subscriber is still ableto set up calls. If this service is activated, calls are forwarded regardless of thecondition of the termination.

call handling function The BSS call handling functions summarize all those functions which deal withthe establishment and control of a call to or from a mobile station. The detailedspecifications of the call handling functions can be found in the GSM recom-mendation series 04, 05 and 08.

call hold (HOLD) This supplementary service allows a served mobile subscriber to interruptcommunication on an existing call and then subsequently, if desired, re-estab-lish communication. The traffic channel remains assigned to the mobile sub-scriber after communication is interrupted to allow the mobile subscriber to setup or receive other calls. The "retrieve" operation re-establishes communica-tion on a channel.

call not answered This is a call that is connected through to another exchange for which answersignals are expected but not received.

call processing The call processing software monitors the progress of each call and controlscall switching in response to received signaling messages. Call processingsoftware controls the overall setup, performs digit analysis, routing, call billingand switching network path selection. This software, reacting to messagesfrom the CCS7 periphery, establishes/terminates calls between the call origi-nated by the mobile subscriber (MOC) and the terrestrial network. At the high-est level, this software is divided into control programs and subordinatefunctional routines. The overall control function is provided by call controlwhile the remaining categories perform the subordinate tasks.

call processor (CAP) These only perform call processing and mobile tasks. Together with theBAPS, they form a pool redundancy. In the basic capacity stage there is noCAP.

call release Forced disconnection after a fixed period when the ACCH data is no longerdecoded correctly.

call restriction services This set of supplementary services makes it possible to bar incoming calls(MTCs) or outgoing calls (MOCs) under certain specified conditions.

call setup The establishment of a connection between two or more subscribers.call setup phase The phase during which a connection is established between two or more

subscribers.

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call transfer (CT) This supplementary service enables the served mobile subscriber to transferan established incoming or outgoing call to a third party. This service differsfrom the call forwarding supplementary service in that Call Forwarding dealsonly with incoming calls that have not yet reached the "fully-established" state(i.e. do not have an established end-to-end connection).

call waiting (CW) This supplementary service makes it possible for a mobile subscriber whoseline is in the busy state to be notified of an incoming call. Subsequently, thesubscriber can choose to answer, reject or ignore the incoming call.

call-processing function The PLMN databases VLR and HLR support the MSC call processing func-tions.

calling line identification presenta-tion (CLIP)

This supplementary service allows the called party to receive identification ofthe calling party.

calling line identification restriction(CLIR)

A supplementary service offered to the calling party to prevent presentation ofthe calling party's ISDN/MSISDN number to the called party.

calling party calling subscribercandidate MSC An MSC which controls cells that could be candidates for receiving a call in

case of a handover.catastrophe condition One of two possible catastrophe conditions can be entered for a local network.

As a result, originating traffic is barred.cause of stress Different overload conditions can cause stress in different control faciliites.CCCH-GROUP Group of MSs in idle mode.cell The area of radio coverage locally defined as seen by the mobile station with

a base station identity code (BSIC) and uniquely defined as seen by the net-work with a cell global identification.

cell allocation (CA) The radio frequency channels allocated to a particular cell.cell broadcast channel (CBCH) The CBCH is a channel for downlink only. It is used to carry the short message

cell broadcast and uses the same physical channel as the SDCCH.cell coverage area Area within which defined quality of reception is provided. The planned radio

coverage of a cell.cell data processor (CEP) The CEP is a microprocessor board in the line transmission equipment LTE

and is part of a multiprocessor system (PPC, PPP, CEP).cell global identity (CGI) A block of code which uniquely identifies a cell within all GSM PLMNs. It con-

sists of the LAI and CI.cell identity (CI) A block of code which identifies a cell to the networks within a location area.CELL-RESELECT-HYSTERESIS RXLEV hysteresis required for cell reselection.cellular (radio) system A cellular system is characterized by the division of the service area into its

subareas (cells) and simultaneous reuse of the same channel in more thanone cell and by switching a call in progress when a mobile station crosses theboundary of a cell (handover).

central clock generator (CCG) A central clock generator with redundancy provides the switching system withan accurate clock frequency from a temperature stabilized crystal oscillator.

central control The central control in the MSC is a CP113D processor.central service channel group(CSCGRP)

Central service channel groups are formed from a maximum of two mutuallyredundant lines (CSC).

centralized clock The centralized clocks, from both the active oscillator and its backup, are dis-tributed to the MBGs.

certificate of conformity A certificate, issued in accordance with the Recommendation T/SF 48, whichindicates that a piece of telecommunications terminal equipment has beentested by an approved testing laboratory, using appropriate test methods, andis in conformity with defined standards, such as NETs, or parts thereof.

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certifying body A body which determines whether a test report from an approved testing lab-oratory shows that a piece of telecommunications terminal equipment hasbeen tested using appropriate test methods and conforms to defined stan-dards. If so, the body issues a certificate of conformity.

challenge response protocol Information exchange for the purpose of subscriber identity authentication.change message The change message is allowed to update the exchange operating parame-

ters.channel A means of one-way transmission. A defined sequence of periods (e.g.

timeslots) in a TDMA system; a defined frequency band in an FDMA system;a defined sequence of periods and frequency bands in a frequency hoppedsystem.

channel codec (CHC) Each channel codec CHC consists of a digital signal processor, a programmemory, a data memory and the necessary bus system.

channel coding/decoding GSM Recommendation 05.03 specifies the exact procedure of channel cod-ing: The information bits are coded with a systematic block code, buildingwords of information together with parity bits; these information and parity bitsare encoded with a convolutional code, building the coded bits; the coded bitsare reordered and interleaved and a stealing bit is added, giving the inter-leaved bits.

channel driver part The channel driver part maps the logical channels of the air interface to thephysical channels.

channel-associated signaling(CAS)

In the originating or destination exchange and in a transit exchange the CCNCoperates in channel-associated signaling as a signaling point (SP).

charge data Data generated by the AMA.cipher key (Kc) A sequence of symbols used to cipher and decipher the signal and voice data

on the air path between the MS and BSS. Part of security-related triple gen-erated by the AC for authentication.

cipher key sequence number (CK-SN)

In the VLR a cipherkey sequence number is generated and allocated to theused triple in the mobile subscriber database of the VLR. The CKSN is alsosent to the MS.

cipherkey setting Mutual agreement between the mobile station and the fixed part of the systemupon a common cipherkey (Kc) to be used in a subsequent encipherment/de-cipherment process.

ciphertext Unintelligible data produced through the use of encipherment.circuit equipment availability In order to understand the statistics for a recognized call, and partial call, cir-

cuit equipment configurations must be known (circuits equipped, circuit exter-nally blocked, circuits maintenance blocked, circuits administrative blocked,calls affected by network management control action).

clash It is necessary to block any verbal announcement sent from the network to-wards the MS, to avoid clashes with those generated by the MS.

class IA. IB. II The classification of speech encoder bits depending on the degree of protec-tion needed. Class IA and class IB bits have protection, while Class II bitshave no protection. Error detection is performed on class IA bits.

classmark data Classmark data allows several network protective options to be identified.client area Usually a window consists of a window frame that surrounds a rectangular ar-

ea, called the client area. Often the frame is used for menu bars, for buttons(e.g. the button for closing the window) and/or for scroll bars.

clock generator (CG) Every message buffer group contains a clock generator. This is accommodat-ed with the multiplexer in one module and has the tasks of generating thenode clock of 8192 kHz and the 2-kHz frame mark bit and of receiving themaster clock from one of the two central clock generators.

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closed user group (CUG) This supplementary service allows a group of subscribers, connected to thePLMN and/or the ISDN, to intercommunicate only amongst themselves. If re-quired, one or more subscribers may be provided with incoming/outgoing ac-cess to subscribers outside this group.

code receiver (CR) Code receivers can be used in an LTU when the capacity of a signaling unitno longer suffices for the utilization of CRs.

collection charge The charge in its national currency collected by a GSM PLMN operator or anauthorized agent from its customers for the use of the service. The establish-ment of the collection charge is a national matter.

collection increment Traffic data is stored in fifteen-minute collection increments which may be ac-cumulated and recorded to perform specific traffic studies.

command attribute A command attribute designates a property of a command.command code In a BMML command the command code names the command. It consists of

two components, the command verb and the command object.command name A command name designates a BMML command. The command code is usu-

ally an abbreviation that serves as a short command name. The expansion ofsuch an abbreviation gives a long command name. See also command code.

command object The object of a BMML command, i.e. the object to which the command is di-rected.

command object class Within BMML the term command object class designates a part of the com-mand code. It is a short name of an object class written in capitals.

command parameter A component of a BMML command. It specifies a BMML parameter and a setof parameter values for input. This set must be a subset of the set specifiedby the parameter type.

command parameter name The name of a command parameter. Usually there is a short name and a longname. The short name is used within the BMML commands. It consists of amaximum of 8 capital letters.

command parameter value ex-pression

A command parameter value expression occurs as a component of a com-mand parameter within a BMML command (see BMML input syntax). It is anexpression that specifies a set of parameter values for a command parameter.The set must be a subset of the set specified by the parameter type. The setcan be a single parameter value, a list, or an interval of parameter values.

command repetition line A command repetition line is a line in a BMML result mask where the BMMLcommand that the BMML result mask belongs to is rewritten.

command verb A short name written in capital letters for a verb that denotes an activity. Thecommand verb is part of the command code. For instance, the command verbACT denotes the activity "activate" while CAN denotes "cancel."

common channel control (CCC) The common channel control CCC consists of the peripheral units signalingterminal ST, signaling terminal control STC and the common channel man-agement processor CCMP.

common channel managementprocessor (CCMP)

The common channel management processor CCMP performs the level 3functions of the CCS7 as well as the system functions maintenance and ad-ministration. It provides interfaces for two STCs as well as two interfaces tooptionally redundant BCCs.

common channel signaling (CCS) A form of data communication between application entities in telecommunica-tions networks. CCS is specialized for various types of signaling and informa-tion transfer, e.g. related to circuits or used for network management.

common channel signaling net-work control (CCNC)

This is used to handle the message transfer part of the common channel sig-naling system no. 7. It is a multimicroprocessor control that can control digitalas well as analog signaling links. Its task is to carry out and safeguard the sig-nal transfer between the D900-SSS nodes, which operate as signaling points(SP) or as signaling transfer points (STP).

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common channel signaling sys-tem No. 7 (CCS7)

This is used for internetworking node signaling in D900. It consists of two ar-eas: user parts (UP)/application parts (AP) and a message transfer part(MTP).

common control channel (CCCH) One of the categories of control. These channels are intended to carry signal-ing or synchronization information. A CCCH is a point-to-point multipoint, bi-directional control channel.

common interface (CI) This connects the processor to both buses for the common memory. All ac-cesses to the common memory as well as interprocessor communication areperformed via this interface. A hardware tracer can also be connected to theCI without disturbing operation.

common memory (CMY) The common memory contains among other things the common database forall processors and the input/output lists for the IOPs.

common memory module (CMM) The common memory module CMM consists of a number of boards each con-taining 2 Mbytes of dynamic RAM including parity error detection.

common system bus (CSB) The common system bus is based on the VME bus specification, where 15slots are used for the interconnection of boards. There is no assignment ofboards to individual slot positions. The CSB supports multiprocessing.

completion of calls to busy sub-scribers (CCBS)

This supplementary service allows a calling mobile subscriber, encounteringa busy called destination to have the call completed when the busy destinationbecomes not busy, without having to make a new call attempt.

compound command parametervalue

A compound command parameter value occurs as a syntactical unit in a com-mand parameter value expression. It is a sequence of simple command pa-rameter values with a "-" between successive sequence members.

concurrency control The operating system provides the primitives for a crash and collision-secureonline relational database system including concurrency control.

conference call, add on (CONF) This supplementary service provides a mobile subscriber with the ability tohave a multi-connection call, i.e. a simultaneous communication betweenmore than two parties.

confidentiality function This safeguards the confidentiality of the subscriber and protects access tothe mobile services.

configuration management (CM) This provides a set of facilities that exercises control over, identifies, collectsdata from, and provides data to resources of a BSS which is involved in con-tinuous operation of interconnection services.

conformity specification A document giving a full description of the technical characteristics of the rel-evant telecommunications terminal equipment (such as safety, technical pa-rameters, functions and procedures and service requirements) together witha precise definition of the test and test methods enabling the conformity of theequipment with the prescribed technical characteristics to be verified.

connected line identification pre-sentation (COLP)

This supplementary service makes it possible for the calling party to receivethe identification of the connected party.

connected line identification re-striction (COLR)

A supplementary service offered to the connected party to prevent presenta-tion of the connected party's ISDN/MSISDN number to the calling party.

connection A concatenation of transmission channels or telecommunication circuits,switching and other functional units set up to provide for the transfer of signalsbetween two or more points in a telecommunication network, to support a sin-gle communication.

connection identification (CID) The CID uniquely identifies a signaling link between the SCCP and its user.The important features are that the CID must be created in the IOP when anSSC7 connection is set up and recovery of the "busy" CIDs must be possibleif the IOP fails.

connection release Connection release procedures provide the mechanism for disconnectingtemporary signaling connections between users and the SCCP.

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connection type A description of a set of GSM PLMN connections which have the same char-acteristics.

connection-oriented services These network services are provided with a logical connection.connectionless services These network services are provided without a logical connection.containment tree A tree of object classes or of object instances. Such a tree results from a con-

tainment relation.control and message register Seventeen 8-bit registers are used for control and for checking the MEM. They

can be used for tasks such as checking the operation of the error correctionunit.

control channel (CCH) Channel which carries system management messages.control channel management The management of available BCCH/CCCHs in the BSS includes the man-

agement of discontinuous reception DRX and autonomous scheduling of pag-ing messages, the broadcast of BCCH information, the control of the randomaccess channels, and the control of access grant channels.

control of performance measure-ments

Performance measurements are controlled so as to set measurement param-eters, obtain measurement parameters and request actions within measure-ments.

control/data channel (Dm) ISDN terminology applied to mobile service.controlled maintenance A method of sustaining a desired quality of service (network technical perfor-

mance) through the systematic application of analytical techniques using cen-tralized supervisory facilities and/or sampling to minimize preventivemaintenance and to reduce corrective maintenance.

coordination processor interface(CPI)

The CPI converts the messages from the D900-SSS node format to theCCNC format and vice versa. It receives messages from the D900-SSS nodeequipment, forwards them for routing to the SIMP and distributes messagesfrom the CCNC processors to the D900-SSS node equipment. Message dis-tribution is a level 3 function.

corrective maintenance The maintenance carried out after fault recognition and intended to restore anitem to a state in which it can perform a required function.

correlation table (TMSI) The correlation table contains the cross reference to the mobile subscriber da-tabase.

country code (CC) A number of 2 or 3 digits used internationally to represent a particular countryin telecommunications.

cryptographic algorithm Mathematical method used in encipherment and decipherment or in non-re-versible encipherment.

current serving BS BS on one of whose channels (TCH, DCCH, or CCCH) the MS is currently op-erating.

customer The individual or entity that obtains a service from a GSM PLMN operator oran authorized agent and is responsible for payment of all charges and rentalsdue.

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4 Ddata communication network(DCN)

A DCN connects Network Elements (NEs) with internal mediation functions ormediation devices (MOs) to the operation systems (OSs).

data integrity This service provides for the protection of data against active threats such asmodification, insertion, deletion, or replay of data.

data link (layer) (DL) The transmission line between two modems.data transfer service This provides the signaling for an exchange of user data in either direction or

in both directions simultaneously.database administration This encompasses the administration of all data received for call processing

and call processing support operations.deactivation An action taken by either the service provider, the subscriber or the system to

terminate the process started at activation.debugging mode In the debugging mode, the LMT handler permits access to a built-in debugger

in the BCE.decipherment The transformation by cryptographic techniques to produce plaintext from ci-

phertext.dedicated control channel(DCCH)

Three categories of control are defined, one of which is the dedicated controlchannel. This is a point-to-point, bidirectional control channel supporting bothsignaling and user packet data. It is not associated with any TCH and uses alayered protocol. These channels are intended to carry signaling or synchro-nization information.

default error definition (DED) This is required when an error definition is created. See error definition. Es-sentially an error definition is a copy of a default error definition. There is atleast one default error definition for each alarm-generating object class.

demand telecommunication ser-vice

A type of telecommunication service in which the communication path is es-tablished almost immediately in response to a user request effected by meansof user-network signaling.

destination area data This contains information concerning the paths along which the destination ofa traffic channel connection is to be reached.

destination point code (DPC) The 14 bits indicate the destination of the SP in one CCS7 network. The DPCis to be found in the MTP routing label.

device authorization Device authorizations are split into base authorizations and maximum autho-rizations.

diagnostic capability The ability to carry out diagnostic tests. These are generally more detailedthan routine tests and are intended to help personnel in localizing a fault in areplaceable hardware module and thus reduce the mean-time-to-repair (MT-TR).

diagnostic testing facility The diagnostic testing facility provides additional tests which can be used tolocalize a possible problem more precisely in cases where the localization ca-pability of the background supervision is not sufficient, due to the fact thatbackground supervision must not interfere with normal system service.

digital connection A concatenation of digital transmission channels or digital telecommunicationcircuits, switching and other functional units set up to provide for the transferof digital signals between two or more points in a telecommunication network,to support a single communication.

digital announcement system(DAS)

With DAS, the operator can store variable or permanently programmed an-nouncements and send them out on individual channels. A DAS is connectedvia a 2048-kbit/s transmission link. It consists of a basic unit with speechmemory cards for announcements. The number of announcements can be in-creased by an extension unit with additional speech memory cards.

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digital echo compensator (DEC) The DEC has to be incorporated to suppress the speech echoes and to pro-tect the mobile subscriber. The DEC is installed in the gateway MSC which isdirectly connected to the PSTN.

digital ground (DIGGND) The digital ground is fed from a metal strip on the backplane to the BCUboards. This ground is "noisy", because it is used by almost all the fast-switch-ing digital ICs in the BCU.

digital interface unit (DIU) One of the functions of the DIU is to monitor PCM routes. The DIU monitorsloss of signal, loss of pulse frame, bit errors, etc. The DIU reports faults to theGP.

digital signal multiplexer (DSMX) The DSMX board is the realization of the PCM interface PCM-INT. It performsthe following functions: clock recovery, frame synchronization, demultiplexing,multiplexing, supervision.

direct access Interworking to a private telecommunications network via a dedicated link.direct transfer application part(DTAP)

This is used to transfer call control and mobile management messages to andfrom the MS.

discontinuous reception (DRX) Means of saving battery power (e.g. in HPUs) by periodically and automatical-ly switching the MS receiver on and off.

discontinuous transmission (DTX) Means of saving battery power (e.g. in HPUs) and reducing interference byautomatically switching the transmitter off when no speech or data is to besent.

disk mirroring The use of two independent SDUs permits all data to be stored in duplicate(disk mirroring), so that the system still operates if one SDU fails.

display mode The data displayed in a field has a data type and an associated display mode.The display mode specifies how the data unit is to be displayed. For instance,the data type could be integer and the display mode decimal or hexadecimal.

double-balanced mixer Conversion of the RF frequencies into the first IF of 45 MHz is carried out bya double-balanced mixer.

downlink Physical link from the BS towards the MS (BS transmits, MS receives).downlink direction The direction from the base station towards the mobile station.download job (DLJOB) For each BMML command (DLOAD IOMC) which initializes a downloading of

software images to the BSS, a download job is created.download of software images By the downloading process, a new software image for a loadable unit is

transferred to the mass storage device of the BSS, but not actually loaded intothe memory of the unit.

dual tone multifrequency (signal-ing) (DTMF)

DTMF is an inband signaling system, primarily used from terminal equipmentin telecommunications networks. The system is built upon tones. Each tonesignal is composed of two frequencies: one is chosen from a group of four low-er frequencies and one is chosen from a group of four higher frequencies.

dummy bit Internal states of the modulator before and after a burst.dummy burst (DB) A period of carrier less than one timeslot whose modulation is a defined se-

quence that carries no useful information. It is a means of filling a timeslot withan RF signal when no information is to be delivered to a channel.

dynamic memory controller(DMC)

The Dynamic Memory Controller DMC supplies the DRAM memory moduleswith address and control information and thus simplifies memory control fromthe viewpoint of the CSB master.

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Glossary

5 EEc/No Ratio of energy per modulating bit to the noise spectral density.emergency procedure The mobile subscriber initiates the service by either using an SOS pushbutton

or by dialing and emergency number.encipherment Transformation by cryptographic techniques to produce ciphertext from plain-

text.encryption/decryption The encryption/decryption function is performed by the radio terminal and the

mobile station. In order to encrypt/decrypt user data, the encryption deviceused for the call must be loaded with the relevant parameters.

end-to-end protection The user data confidentiality on physical connections is not an end-to-endconfidentiality service.

equalizer (EQ) Beside processing different types of bursts, the main task of the equalizer isto correct the channel-dependent distortion of the received signals and to de-modulate the data bits.

equipment identification register(EIR)

A database containing information on the device types and identity numbersof all mobile stations.

erasure The deletion by the service provider, the subscriber or the system of informa-tion stored against a particular service by a previous registration(s).

error definition (ED) A set of information items used in controlling error processing (alarms) (seealso event processing). There is an error definition for each alarm-generatingobject instance.

event There are managed objects that can react to specified incidents that occur inthe associated real objects. An event occurs in such a managed object, or inother words, is generated by a managed object when the managed object no-tices an incident and reacts by outputting an event notification.

event control area An event control area is set up in the MEM for each disk drive and containsdetailed information about the drive and its current status.

event detection By receiving an event notification a management process detects an event.event list Log files within the OMC and administered by FM are called event lists. An

event list is a file for storing event records. There are two kinds of event lists:BSS event lists and OMC event lists.

event notification An event notification is a piece of information emitted by a managed object inorder to indicate that an event has occurred. An event notification is sent to alocal management process. An event notification contains the event ID.

event processing In receiving an event notification a management process detects an event.The event is then processed by a management process. This includes the as-signment of an event type to each event. The processing may result in anevent report being sent to the OMC. The processing of events is controlled byerror descriptions that are provided by the OMC.

event record Within OMC, FM receives event reports which are prepared and recorded byFM as event records in a file or are displayed on alarm output devices, where-by one event report yields one event record. Such a file is called a log file oran event list.

event report This is an information unit. When an event is processed and selected to bereported to the OMC, an event report is formed and delivered to the OMC forfurther processing.

event selection (EVSEL) In the context of the OMC FM, event selection means the selection of eventreports by certain selection criteria. Each case of an event selection is a con-dition for selecting event reports of the history files. It specifies values forsome or all of the criteria.

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event type The events that are perceived by objects are classified into event types.event-generating object An object that is able to generate events. Depending on the point of view, the

object is either a real object or a managed object and as such an instance ofan object class.

exceptional operation, unsuc-cessful outcome

Abnormal situations not described in "normal operation with successful out-come". Procedures on time-out, unaccepted signaling response and othersuch events would be so defined.

exchange equipment These architectural pieces of the SSS entities provide controls for hardwarewhose operation and allocation are traffic dependent.

external handover Handover carried out by the MSC.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

6 Ffacility equipment The facility equipment represents the path by which traffic enters or leaves the

network entity.failure The termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function.failure unit The CCMP is one failure unit, i.e. although the CCMP includes several boards

and processors it is handled as one reconfigurable and recoverable unit.fan control The fan control signals are logically combined in an OR gate in the fan units

and one or more pairs of fans are switched on.father If items are hierarchically arranged in a tree (e.g. objects or object classes)

and if two items are neighboring nodes in the tree such that one is higher inthe hierarchy than the other one, then the higher one is called the father of thelower one, and the lower one is called the son of the higher one.

fault analysis The process of determining the nature of a fault and initiating the correctivemeasures to alleviate the problem.

fault detection Recognition of faults in the system as quickly as possible by hardware or soft-ware techniques.

fault management (FM) Fault management encompasses fault detection, isolation and correction ofabnormal operation of the system environment.

fault notification The mechanism used by the various resources of the BSS to inform the BSSfault management of the detection of a fault.

file group attribute File group attributes are customer-related file properties, such as retention pe-riods.

file name segment (FNS) File name segments prevent operating personnel from assigning a file namewhich is generated internally by the system.

flag for restoration Used to mark an MS whose HLR has failed.FM monitoring (FMMON) The object class FMMON has no attributes but has two methods: Activate for

starting and Deactivate for finishing monitoring processes. FMMON has oneinstance in the OMC.

forward error correction (FEC) A service-supporting function of the GSM PLMN connection type.forwarded-to destination In call forwarding, the destination to which a call is redirected.forwarded-to number In call forwarding, the directory number to which the call is redirected.forwarded-to subscriber In call forwarding, the subscriber to whom the call is redirected.forwarding condition In call forwarding conditional, this is the criterion for which the call is to be for-

warded, e.g. on busy, on no reply.forwarding subscriber In call forwarding, the subscriber who has calls diverted to another directed

number.freephone service (FPH) This supplementary service allows a served mobile subscriber with one or

more installations to be reached from all or part of the country with a free-phone number and to be charged for this kind of call. The service may be ex-tended internationally.

frequency correction burst (FB) Period of RF carrier less than one timeslot whose modulation bit stream al-lows frequency correction to be performed easily within a mobile station.

frequency correction channel(FCCH)

The FCCH supports frequency synchronization of the mobile station.

frequency generation unit (FGU) The frequency generation unit consists of a PLL frequency synthesizer circuitwhich is able to generate 124 different carrier frequencies in the range from890 to 915 MHz.

frequency hopping (FH) The optional frequency hopping function allows for dynamic switching of radiolinks to different carrier frequencies.

26 A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635


frequency hopping management The optional frequency hopping function allows for dynamic switching of radiolinks to different carrier frequencies according to GSM Recommendation05.02.

function control register (FCR) The FCR is used in addition to the reset status register, the bus error statusregister and the MFP ports for controlling specific IOP hardware functions.

functional group A set of functions that may be performed by a single equipment.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

7 Ggateway MSC (GMSC) An MSC that provides an entry point into the PLMN from another network or

service. A gateway MSC is also an Interrogating Node for incoming PLMNcalls.

global title (GT) Communication between signaling ports of different CCS7 networks requiresextended address methods. A global title is such a structured address con-taining all this extra information.

global title translation (GTT) The global title translation is required to determine the destination point codefrom the global title.

GSM mobile station (GSM MS) Equipment intended to access a set of GSM PLMN telecommunication servic-es. Services may be accessed while the equipment capable of surface move-ment within the GSM system area is in motion or during halts at unspecifiedpoints.

GSM PLMN connection A connection that is established through a GSM PLMN specified GSM PLMNreference points. It is the physical or logical realization of a GSM PLMN con-nection type.

GSM PLMN operator An administration or its licensed operator(s) which provides a GSM PLMN andits telecommunication services.

GSM PLMN area (GPA) The geographical area in which a GSM PLMN provides telecommunicationservices according to the GSM Recommendations to mobile users.

GSM PLMN connection elementattribute

An attribute of a GSM PLMN connection element, e.g. information transferrate.

GSM PLMN connection type at-tribute

A specific characteristic of a GSM PLMN connection type whose values dis-tinguish it from another GSM PLMN connection types.

GSM PLMN fixed infrastucture The part of a GSM PLMN consisting of all fixed equipment, including theBSS's, the MSC's and associated functional entities (such as VLR, HLR, AuC,EIR and IWF).

GSM public land mobile network(GSM PLMN)

A PLMN which complies with the GSM recommendations.

GSM service area The area in which a mobile station can be reached by a fixed subscriber, with-out the subscriber's knowledge of the actual location of the mobile stationwithin the area. A service area may include the areas served by severalPLMNS. A service area may consist of one country, a part of a country or sev-eral countries.

GSM system area (GSA) The group of GSM PLMN areas accessible by GSM mobile stations.guard period Period at beginning and end of timeslot during which MS transmission is at-

tenuated.

28 A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635


8 Hhand portable unit (HPU) Mobile station with 5, 2 and 0,8 W RF power output according to GSM

Rec.02.06handover The action of switching a call in progress from one radio channel to another.

Handover is used to allow established calls to continue by switching them toanother radio resource, e.g. when mobile stations move from one base stationarea to another.

handover access burst Access burst used during handover.handover execution Signaling message sequence that causes the MS to continue the call in an-

other (predetermined) cell.handover execution interval Period of time between consecutive handover execution commands.handover management The handover management comprises all actions in the BSS to switch a call

in progress from one radio channel to another. Handover is used to allow es-tablished calls to continue, e.g. when mobile stations move from one cell toanother.

handover margin Hysteresis factor that minimizes repetitive handovers between adjacent cells.Means of distributing traffic between cells.

handover number (HO(V)N) A numbering scheme used to establish a connection between MSCs duringinter-MSC handover. The VLR allocates a handover number at the request ofthe target MC. The handover number has the same structure as the MSRNbut must not be used for subscriber dialing.

handover strategy Procedure defined by an algorithm that prescribes how handover shall be car-ried out, e.g. handover to a cell which offers better signal strength or to a cellwhich allows communication with less power.

hard failure Continuous and reproducible failure.high level data link control (HDLC) The interfaces of both of the CCNPs are processed by one HDLC for each in-

terface.HLR database The central mobile subscriber database.HO-MARGIN SDL message name for handover margin.home location register (HLR) The location register where the current location and all subscriber parameters

of a mobile station are permanently stored.home location register/authentica-tion center (HLR/AC)

D900 SSS network node

home PLMN (HPLMN) The PLMN where a subscription is held and therefore which contains the HLRof the subscriber.

hyperframe The longest recurrent time period of the frame structure (12,533.76s).

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InformationSystem

Glossary

9 I/J/KI/O processor (IOP) The I/O processor IOP forms the interface between the common channel con-

trol CCC and the BCC on one hand, and to the PPCs on the other hand.I/O program The I/O program handles the inter-processor communication via dual-ported

memory areas and message queues.identification (ID) A short name that identifies uniquely an object. Often the identification is in the

form of an alphanumeric code.idle mode State of an MS not actively processing a call.IMSI attach This function resets the "detached" flag if the mobile subscriber has been

properly identified.IMSI detach This function changes only the subscriber's state in the VLR to "detached".IMSI module The IMSI module stores, at least, the IMSI and the secret authentication key

as permanent data. Additionally, it stores temporary data such as LAI, TMSI,RAND and the location key.

inactivity test The purpose of the inactivity control is to check if a signaling connection is es-tablished, but does not work correctly.

incoming calls barred (ICB) Condition in which no incoming calls, i.e. mobile terminating calls, may be re-ceived.

incoming seizure This is a valid seizure or request for service.incomplete call This condition reflects a call attempt that could not be connected due to con-

ditions associated with outgoing equipment or succeeding exchanges.indenture level A level of subdivision of an item from the point of view of a "maintenance ac-

tion".initial load Initial load is when the SSS is in a non-operational mode with no traffic being

processed.input field A variable field that is used for input from a terminal only.input message A message is a structured data unit transferred from one system component,

called the sender, to another one, called the receiver. For the sender it is anoutput message, while for the receiver it is an input message.

input MML The syntax of an MML may be different for the MML input and the MML output.In this case the language part for the MML input is called input MML.

input parameter A parameter used for input only.input/output processor for authen-tication center (IOP:AC)

The security box is realized by a modified IOP module, called IOP:AC.

installation mode In the installation mode, the LMT handler only permits access to basic func-tions such as software load, etc.

integrated services digital network(ISDN)

An integrated services network that provides digital connections betweenuser-network interfaces.

intelligent network (IN) With IN, a new telecommunication technology offering many new servicesand possibilities has been introduced. New services can be flexibly intro-duced, service subscribers can offer their own services to other subscribers(service users) and the service subscribers are able to administrate their ownservices.

inter-BSC handover Handover carried out between different BSCs.inter-cell handover Handover between cells. Change of serving cell.inter-MSC handover Old and new cells belong to different MSCs.

30 A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635


interadministration revenue statis-tics (IARSTAT)

This allows accounting between administrations or network providers belong-ing to one country or between administrations of different countries. It is alsoused to collect statistical data, and is characterized by the following opera-tions: registration of call data per call for defined traffic relationships, storageof the call data separately for each traffic relationship, output of registered calldata for post-processing (revenue accounting and statistical acounting).

intercept data The call processing programs in the CP113 use intercept data when specialmeasures are required for a connection (e.g. looping in echo suppressors, orwhen transmitting acknowledgment tones upon subcriber controlled inputs).

interface The common boundary between two associated systems.internal handover Handover carried out by the BSS.international mobile equipmentidentity (IMEI)

Uniquely identifies the mobile station as a piece or assembly of equipment.

international mobile subscriberidentity (IMSI)

Uniquely identifies the subscription. It can be mapped directly to the directorynumber.

interrogation The request by the subscriber to the PLMN to provide information about asupplementary service.

interrupt program The interrupt program handles realtime events. It saves data if an interrupt oc-curs and restores the data after an interrupt. Every interrupt is analyzed andan event is defined.

interworking The general term used to describe the inter-operation of networks, services,supplementary services.

interworking considerations Identification of subscriber perceptions when a call exits from an ISDN/PLMNto another CEPT specified network or enters as ISDN/PLMN from anotherCEPT-specified network.

interworking function (IWF) A network functional entity which provides interworking (network interworking,service interworking, supplementary service interworking or signaling inter-working). It may be a part of one or more logical or physical entities in a GSMPLMN.

intra-BSC handover Handover carried out within one BSC.intra-cell handover Handover between different carrier frequencies or different timeslots of the

same carrier frequency within one cell.intra-MSC handover Old and new cells belong to the same MSC but to different BSCs.invalid code A call attempt that is intercepted due to an invalid or non-existing code being

dialed.invocation An action to invoke the service required, taken by the subscriber (e.g. press-

ing a specification button) or automatically by the network or terminal as a re-sult of particular condition (e.g. calling number identification for each incomingcall).

ISDN user part (ISUP) The ISUP provides the signaling functions required to provide switched ser-vices and user facilities for voice and non-voice applications at the MSC'sPLMN interface to the ISDN.

job scheduling Depending on event and priority, job scheduling determines the start of a pro-cess and administers the process control block PCB of this process.

kind of action This informs of the kind of action that has been taken or has been initializedwithin alarm processing. See alarm processing.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

10 Lland mobile service A mobile service between base stations and land mobile stations, or between

land mobile stations.land mobile station A mobile station in the land mobile service capable of surface movement with-

in the geographical limits of a country or continent.land station A station in the mobile service not intended to be used while in motion.line transmission equipment The line transmission equipment functional unit is part of the base station sys-

tem central equipment BCE.line/trunk group (LTG) The line/trunk group is responsible for call coordination, and for trunk signaling

to special equipment such as emergency call centers or test equipment.link layer Level 2 of message transfer part (MTP).list of download-jobs (JOBLIST) The object class JOBLIST has exactly one instance which is a child of the

SWBSS instance and which is created automatically with the relevant OMCinstance. The JOBLIST instance does not represent a real object and servesonly to structure the MIT.

load level Traffic measurement statistics are provided which correlate traffic conditionsagainst the load level of the equipment.

local communication network(LCN)

An LCN connects NEs to MDs or MDs to MDs within a telecommunicationcenter. However, for practical reasons, an LCN may connect remote NEs tolocal MDs.

local exchange (LE) An exchange where subscriber's lines are terminated.local maintenance terminal (LMT) The local maintenance terminal is portable equipment for supporting mainte-

nance activities at a BCE location. The LMT hardware is based on a commer-cially available portable PC.

local mobile suscriber identity(LMSI)

A unique identity temporarily allocated to visiting mobile subscribers in orderto speed up the search for subscriber data in the VLR, when the MSRN allo-cation is done on a per call basis.

local PLMN (LPLMN) This is the HPLMN or VPLMN depending on the location of the MS at the time,and is the PLMN with which the MS is interworking via the radio interface.

location information The information indicating the location of a mobile station within the systemarea.

location register (LR) The functional unit in which the location information is stored.location registration The function whereby PLMNs keep track of mobile stations located in the sys-

tem area. This is carried out whenever an idle MS moves to a new locationarea. Location registration includes location update (normal or periodic) andlocation cancellation.

location area (LA) An area in which a mobile station may move freely without updating the loca-tion register. A location area may comprise one or several base station areas.

location area code (LACOD) The LACOD is the part of the LAI which is stored in the VLR database.location area identity (LAI) Part of the cell global identity which is unambiguous in the GSM system and

is transmitted continually by the base station.location cancellation The procedure by which the location information is removed from a location

register.location information requestedprocedure

The procedure by which a VLR enquires whether or not an MS should be keptin the register.

location information retrieval pro-cedure

The procedure by which the home location register obtains information onwhich of its mobile stations are registered with a visitor location register.

location update The procedure by which location register updating takes place. This may beclassed as normal or periodic.

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logfile A repository for records containing information that is logged. Information tobe logged is derived from received event reports.

logical channels Two classes of logical channels are defined: control channels (CCH), whichcarry system management messages, and traffic channels (TCH), which carryusers' speech or data.

logical HLR One physical HLR can cover one or more "logical" HLRs. Each "logical" HLRis characterized by the same HLR identification code.

logon protocol file (LOGFILE) An instance of the object class LOGFILE represents a file for recording erro-neous LOGIN attempts (one such file exists for each OMP).

long range administration Long range administration involves the collection and output of data for ex-change-handled traffic volume, as well as providing routines for handling sys-tem growth.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

11 Mmain clock The RT requires a highly accurate 406.25 kHz main clock with a stability of

0.05 ppm.main processing unit (MPU) The main processing unit is based on a 68010 microprocessor. It is equipped

with a memory management unit MMU, a multifunctional peripheral controllerand 512 kbyte dual-ported dynamic RAM with parity error detection.

main storage module (MSM) The main storage module is the general mass storage device of the BCE. Itconsists of a hard disk drive in Winchester disk technology.

maintenance The combination of all technical and corresponding administrative actions (in-cluding supervision) intended to retain an item in, or restore it to a state inwhich it can perform a required function.

maintenance entity (ME) A sub-item of a given item separately defined so that an alarm caused by afault in that sub-item will be unambiguously referrable to the sub-item.

maintenance manual number A string of up to 10 characters which refers to the Maintenance Manual anddepends on an alarm from an alarm-generating object.

majority decision principle Three time stages operating in parallel and using a majority decision principleare implemented.

malicious call identification (MCI) This supplementary service enables a mobile subscriber to request that thesource of an incoming call be identified and registered in the network.

man machine language (MML) A systematic means of expression used in communication between the hu-man user and the computer system.

managed object Managed objects are abstractions of data processing and data communica-tions resources (logical and physical resources). The resources exist inde-pendently of their need to be managed. The abstractions are formed in orderto represent those aspects of resources that are visible to the systems man-aging them.

managed object class An object class of managed objects. The instances of a managed object classare called managed objects.

management information base(MIB)

The set of managed objects of a managed system constitutes that system'smanagement information base. Thus, an MIB is a conceptual repository for in-formation on all NE in a managed system.

management information tree(MIT)

A tree of managed object instances formed according to an MIT schema, i.e.according to a containment relation defined for the managed object classes.

mask A rectangular area structured according to a mask type and representing data,i.e. input data, output data and/or constant data. To be displayed on a screen,a mask is mapped into a window area.

mask structure A mask type specifies the structure of masks. Often the large-scale structureof masks is given by three mask components (mask header, mask body, andmask footer), which are arranged in this sequence one beneath the other.

mask type A form that specifies a rectangular representation of a set of data elements.Each of these data elements is represented in a field.

master database With respect to the data record of a single mobile subscriber, the HLR is themaster database; the VLR actually visited is the dependent database.

maximum authorization The maximum authorization allows the maximum set of commands to be en-tered with the password.

maximum likelihood sequence es-timation (MLSE)

The equalization is based on an MLSE equalization by using the Viterbi algo-rithm.

mediation A process that routes and/or acts on information passing between NEs andOSs via DCN. Mediation can be shared among NE(s) and/or OS(s).

34 A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635


message A message is a structured data unit transferred from one system component(the sender) to another (the receiver).

message buffer (MB) The message buffer forms the interface between the message channels.message buffer unit (MBU) The MBUs interact with the input/output processor (IOP) and the direct mem-

ory access (DMA) unit in central control to transfer messages from memory tothe switching periphery or in the opposite direction.

message discrimination Message discrimination is the process which, upon receipt of a message at asignaling point, determines whether or not the point is the destination point ofthe message.

message distribution The process which, upon receipt of a message at its destination point, deter-mines to which user part or level 3 function the message is to be delivered.

message routing The process of selecting the appropriate signaling link for each signaling mes-sage to be sent.

message transfer part (MTP) The MTP provides services to the signaling connection control part. The func-tion is to serve as a transport system providing reliable transfer of signalingmessages between network elements.

MIT scheme An MIT scheme is a containment tree of managed object classes (see con-tainment tree).

mobile allocation (MA) The radio frequency channels allocated to an MS for use in its hopping se-quence.

mobile application part (MAP) The internetworking signaling between MSCs and LRs and EIRs. It definesthe signaling functions supporting the equipment control function.

mobile termination (MT) The part of the mobile station which terminates the radio transmission to andfrom the network and adapts terminal equipment (TE) capabilities to those ofits radio transmission.

mobile access hunting (MAH) This supplementary service enables incoming calls to be distributed over agroup of accesses.

mobile country code (MCC) Number used to identify a country internationally. The MCC forms part of theIMSI, LAI, CGI, etc.

mobile equipment (ME) The mobile station (MS) without the SIM (subscriber identity module).mobile originated call (MOC) Call or short message originated from the mobile station.mobile PBX Terminals, a central unit and one or several mobile terminations. A mobile

PBX may have fixed, cordless or paging terminals. The PBX central unit per-forms switching and sometimes other functions. The mobile terminations arestandard units according to Rec. 02.06 without any specific function for PBXoperation. The subscriber identity for the GSM PLMN is attributed to theMT(s). The MT(s) use a switched access to the GSM PLMN.

mobile service A radiocommunication service between mobile and land stations, or mobilestations.

mobile station (MS) A station in the mobile service intended to be used while in motion or duringhalts at unspecified points. It includes the terminal function required to provideservices to the user.

mobile station roaming number(MSRN)

A code which is allocated to a mobile station for the period that it remains inthe area for which a location register, other than its home location register, isused. The MSRN is used by the home location register for rerouting calls tothe mobile station. It has the same structure as the MSISDN (country codeCC, national discriminator code NDC, subscriber number SN).

mobile station feature A function of a piece of equipment which directly relates to the man-machineoperation of the MS. There are three categories of MS features: basic, sup-plementary and additional features.

mobile subscriber Subscriber to the PLMN network.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

mobile subscriber blocked for ad-ministration

Only the operator can block a mobile subscriber. If blocked, the mobile sub-scriber's activity is rejected by the system since the blocking status is also for-warded to the associated visitor location register (VLR) where the completeentry of the MS is deleted in the database.

mobile subscriber ISDN number(MSISDN)

A dialable directory number under which the mobile subsciber can be reachedfrom within or outside his own PLMN by another mobile-network or fixed-net-work subscriber. It has the same structure as the MSRN (country code CC,national discriminator code NDC, subscriber number SN).

mobile terminated call (MTC) Call or short message intended to be delivered to the mobile station.mobile termination equipment(MTE)

A mobile station at which a mobile subscriber can receive a call.

mobile test station (MTS) The MTS offers capabilities for refined fault isolation.mobile-services switching center(MSC)

The interface between the radio system and the PSTN, performing the func-tions of switching, routing and control of the call and charging and accounting.The MSC also controls interworking with fixed networks.

mobile-subscriber data This consists of the semipermanent directory number data (e.g.MSISDN),service data (e.g. supplementary data) and the transient network addressingdata (e.g. current VR address).

mobile-subscriber identificationnumber (MSIN)

A number which uniquely identifies the mobile subscriber in the AC. This, to-gether with the assigned authentication keys Ki, is sent from a personalizationcenter (PCS) to the authentication center (AC).

mobile-subscriber supplementaryservices

Supplementary services available to subscribers of the PLMN system.

mobility data The mobility data is stored transiently. It consists of: VLR-address, LMSI,roaming restriction.

module control register The module control register is an 8-bit register for checking the ACU functions.module status register The module status register is a 4-bit register which can be read for checking

the ACU status.monitoring The realtime display of selected and prepared event reports on terminals.

Each OMC user terminal can also be used for monitoring each LMT. The se-lection can be specified by the OMC user according to the possibilities ofevent selection (see event selection).

monitoring of the blocking dura-tion of a trunk group

For this method of monitoring, the time for which all trunks in a trunk group areseized is evaluated.

move of software images Generally, on reload time, the BSS-local load functionality takes the imagesin the backup area and loads them to the memories of the various loadableunits. If it is required to define a different image as backup area, this can bedone using the move of software-image feature.

MS-PWR-CLASS MS power class. Parameter defining the power class of an MS expressed inthe same way as the R parameters.

MS-RANGE-MAX Mobile station range maximum. Handover criterion to determine serving cell.MS-RXLEV-L Lower receive level. Threshold of RXLEV received from the serving BS below

which either power control or handover must take place to improve the cellquality.

MS-TXPWR-CONF-MS Transmitted RF power confirmation. Parameter sent by the MS to indicate itscurrent transmitted RF power level.

MS-TXPWR-MAX-CCH Maximum-allowed transmitted RF power for MSs to access the system untilcommanded otherwise.

MS-TXPWR-REQUEST MS transmitted RF power request. Parameter sent by the BSS that com-mands the required MS RF power level.

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MSC area The part of the network covered by an MSC. An MSC area may consist of oneor several location areas.

MSC-B The first MSC to which a call is handed over (initial handover).MSC-B' The second or subsequent MSC to which a call is handed over (subsequent

handover).MSC/VLR In D900 the VLR is collocated with the MSC. Therefore the acronym

MSC/VLR is commonly used in the D900.multi-party service (MPTY) This supplementary service provides a mobile subscriber with the ability to

have a multi-connection call, i.e. a simultaneous communication with morethan one party (max. 5).

multiframe Two types of multiframe are defined in the system: a 26-frame multiframe witha period of 120 ms and a 51-frame multiframe with a period of 3060/13 ms.

multiframe alignment signal(MFAS)

The PSC supplies the BSU and the PMC with the multiframe alignment signalMFA (250 Hz).

multipoint access User access in which more than one terminal equipment is supported by a sin-gle mobile termination.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

12 NNBIN A parameter in the hopping sequence.neighboring cell (NCELL) The cell directly bordering on another radio cell.network (N/W) A set of nodes and links that provides connections between two or more de-

fined points to facilitate telecommunication between them.network interworking The interworking required betweeen two different networks (e.g. between a

PLMN and ISDN, a GSM PLMN and a non-GSM PLMN, between two GSMPLMN) in order to provide an end-to-end connection.

network access charge Part of the collection charge, intended to cover cost of service which is not de-pendent on the actual use of networks/telecommunications services. It mayconsist of an initial fee and a subscription fee.

network entity management Functional unit of administrative softwarenetwork layer Level 3 of message transfer part (MTP).network link A network link connects two network nodes to provide data transmission be-

tween them. The transmission may be implemented by analog or digital sig-nals.

network management (NM) The network-related part of the Operator's Service Provider's overall adminis-tration and any organizational, non-technical action to provide or to help toprovide the services of a telecommunication network.

network management function Within an NE, the functions performed by the TMN node are called networkmanagement functions.

network node (NN) A logical component of a communications network. Such a component per-forms a functional component of the network function. The network function isthe function the network offers to its users.

network station A device that can communicate with other network stations by means of atelecommunication network. A network station is attended by a network node.

network utilization charge Part of the collection charge which is intended to cover use of the net-work/telecommunications services. The charge is registered on a per casebasis.

network-directed criteria Handover criteria originating from network management requirements, e.g.traffic, precedence requests, etc.

no circuit (NC) Code block routes specify destination codes to 'No Circuit (NC)' terminationtreatment.

non-transparent support of servic-es

Support of services where the network makes use of knowledge of the higherlayer protocols, i.e. some aspects of the higher layer protocols are not trans-parent to the PLMN. See also GSM 03.10.

normal operation with successfuloutcome

Description of the normal operation of the service, the normally served sub-scriber's actions and the system response. Decision points, timing and callprogress signals would be some of the aspects defined for the service if theycan be perceived by the subscriber.

normal burst (NB) A period of modulated carrier less than a timeslot.normal location update The mobile station (MS) initiates a location registration whenever the received

LAI is different from the LAI that is stored on the mobile subscriber's chip cardinserted in the MS.

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13 OO&M frame In case of signaling during a traffic connection, the O&M frames are separated

by normal traffic frames in order to minimize the information loss and to main-tain the connection.

object The term object is generally understood to mean object-oriented modelling. Inthe context of system management, an object is almost always a managedobject.

object instance An object in the sense of object-oriented modelling is created according to anobject class; therefore it is called an object instance of the object class.

object manager This provides the functions to introduce an object into the system or removeit from the system.

object method A functional specification of an operation that can be applied to an object or(as in case of create) an object class.

object status The entire internal conditions and properties of an object.object-oriented modelling An object-oriented system structure models interaction among real world ob-

jects of an application domain. Thus an object of an object-oriented system isan abstract object of a real object. An object is a concept formed according tothe paradigm of object orientation. Each object is an instance of an objectclass that includes all objects sharing the same definition.

off-air call setup (OACSU) The procedure by which a telecommunication connection is established whilethe R.F. link between the MS and the BS is not occupied.

office data area generator (OD-AGEN)

Upgrading of an SSS from one set of equipment quantities to another. TheODAGEN function is capable of expanding the system database on-line with-out any program change.

old serving MSC The MSC which was the serving MSC before a handover, other than the MSC-A.

OMS subsystem A component of the OMS and thus an implementation unit. Within the contextof SW-development, an OMS subsystem is a part of the OMS software sys-tem.

operating state Operational status of a hardware unit or a message channel.operation and maintenance(sub)system (OMS)

One of the three subsystems of the D900 system.

operation and maintenance cen-ter (OMC)

The OMC node of the GSM TMN provides dynamic O&M monitoring and con-trol of the PLMN nodes operating in the geographical area controlled by thespecific OMC.

operation and maintenance cen-ter for the switching subsystem(OMC-S)

The OMC-S is used to operate all entities of the SSS from a centralized loca-tion. It forms the human interface to the operators in basic and extended manmachine language (BMML and EMML). Beside centralized operation, it is alsopossible to locally operate an SSS entity with on-site terminals.

operation and maintenance pe-ripherals

These devices are connected via single port IOPs to the bus system of the I/Ocontrol (B:IOC). Up to 16 may be connected to one B:IOC.

operation and maintenance termi-nal (OMT)

Access point for all operation and maintenance tasks in the operation andmaintenance center (OMC).

operation and maintenance termi-nal for the base station system(OMT-B)

Access point for all operation and maintenance tasks concerning the base sta-tion system.

operation and maintenance termi-nal for the switching subsystem(OMT-S)

Access point for all operation and maintenance tasks concerning the switch-ing subsystem.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

operations Combination of all technical and corresponding administrative actions intend-ed to make any item perform a required function, recognizing necessary ad-aptation to changes in external conditions. (Note: external conditions are, forexample, service demand and environmental conditions).

operations system (OS) There are, at least, three functional types of OSs, i.e. basic, network, and ser-vices. Basic OSs perform TMN application functions related to Network Ele-ments (NEs) located in specific regions. Network OSs cover the realization ofnetwork based TMN application functions by communicating with basic OSs.Service OSs perform specific application functions for managing and individ-ual service.

OSI protocol An OSI protocol, known more specifically as an (N)-protocol, is a set of rulesgoverning the communication between peer (N)-entities located in differentopen systems.

outgoing attempt This is a call that is successfully set up to a destination.outgoing calls barred (OCB) The call restriction supplementary service which prevents mobile-originating

calls from being made.output administration This encompasses all tasks connected with the administration of O&M mes-

sage control. It allows operating personnel to define different output devicesfor each message.

output area A window area used to display an output district.output diversion Output messages from consecutive jobs, in dialog mode or from command

files, can be diverted to a file.output message A message is a structured data unit transferred from one system component

(the sender) to another (the receiver). For the sender the message is an out-put message, while for the receiver it is an input message.

output MML The syntax of an MML may be different for the MML input and the MML output.In this case, the language part for the MML output is called output MML.

output parameter A parameter used for output only.output suppression Specific alarm messages, reports and info messages assigned to the stan-

dard device group WPB do not appear on any output device (important mes-sages are written into archive files by the user processes).

overflow traffic restriction (OTR) OTR prevents a trunk group from being searched and proceeds to the nextspecified trunk group for trunk hunting.

override category Categories of subscribers (e.g. police) may be defined with the ability to over-ride the presentation restriction.

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14 P/Qpackaging unit An SSS hardware module is essentially a packaging unit since it may be part

of a subsystem, a complete system, or contain several subsystems.packet switched public data net-work (PSPDN)

Circuit switched (CSPDN), packet switched (PSPDN) and leased circuit datatransmission services are possible, depending on national regulations.

packet transfer controller (PTC) The PTC provides terminations for max. 16 HDLC links via 8 high speed com-munication controllers and a 68000 processor. Analogous to the PCI, mes-sage communication with the MPU is carried out via the PTC local memoryshared between MPU and PTC.

paging procedure The procedure by which a mobile station is located after an incoming call re-quest has been placed and before the SETUP message has been received.

parameter type The type of the data variable that represents the parameter.parameter value A value of the data variable that represents the parameter. A parameter value

may be a single or a compound parameter value.patching The patch utility provides the manufacturer and developer with the means of

introducing semipermanent and temporary changes to SSS's at an operatingcompany's site.

PCM interface card (D2M) The interface card D2M provides the physical interface to public TDMA linksbased on a nominal bit rate of 2Mb/s.

peak power Measure of the maximum RF power when averaged over one radio frequencycycle, during the useful part of the burst.

performance management (PM) Performance management of PLMN implies the maintaining of quality of with-out sacrificing the set financial objectives of the operator.

performance measurements The creation of a measurement comprises parameters like the type of mea-surement to be performed, the area of measurement activity, the time sched-ule and additional parameters defining resolution and reporting. If existing,performance measurements can be deleted at any time.

periodic location update The mobile station (MS) initiates a location registration whenever a timer hasexpired in the MS.

peripheral channel interface (PCI) The PCI accommodates mainly three functions. The switch control processorhandles queues for incoming and outgoing switch messages at the PCI/CSBinterface. The PMC interface to the internal communication highway ICH towhich the packet transfer controllers are connected. Generation of an idle pat-tern for 'parking' switch paths.

peripheral controller (PPC) The peripheral controller PPC forms the interface between the PMC and thecommunication highway, interconnecting the peripheral preprocessors whichare associated to it.

peripheral module channel (PMC) This provides a standard interface between the BSU and the system unitsconnected to the BSU.

peripheral module channel exten-sion (PMCX)

Extension unit PMCX is applied, if the number of speech channels containedin one 2 Mb/s link exceeds the 60 traffic channels which can be carried by onePMC.

peripheral preprocessor (PPP) The function of the peripheral preprocessor PPP is to provide the necessaryprocessing capacity for tasks related to a number of radio terminals associat-ed with it.

peripheral terminal adapter (PTA) The peripheral terminal adapter PTA offers four RS-232C interfaces to realizecommunication channels to peripheral devices via the TCU and a mailbox reg-ister logic for interprocessor communication.

personal identification number(PIN)

Confidential information which may be used in the authentication betweensubscriber and SIM to check the identity of the subscriber.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

personalization center for SIM(PCS)

The mobile subscriber is created in the PCS by entry of the appropriate com-mand into a special terminal.

physical interface The interface between two pieces of equipment.physical entities Functional entities of the SSS.plaintext Unciphered data.PLMN node A network node of a PLMN. A PLMN node forms a functional component of

the PLMN function.PLMN resource The resources of a GSM network can be subdivided into network resources

(i.e. PLMN resources) and NM resources (i.e. TMN resources), depending onwhether they are components of the PLMN or of the TMN.

PLMN-PERMITTED PLMN permitted for handover purposespoint-to-multipoint GSM PLMNconnection

A GSM PLMN connection that is established between a single specified GSMPLMN reference point and more than one other specified GSM PLMN refer-ence points.

point-to-point GSM PLMN con-nection

A GSM PLMN connection that is established between two specified GSMPLMN reference points.

power ramping The switching spectrum of the transmitter is controlled by suitable powerramping. The power ramping is done by voltage for the ramping time as well.

power budget This criterion indicates the necessity for an intra-cell handover due to exces-sive co-channel or adjacent channel interference on the current radio channel.

power class (of MS) Class of maximum output power to which an MS belongs; e.g. handheld por-table, mobile. Defined by the maximum peak power that can be output by anMS. Four power classes are defined.

power control level Peak power level (less than or equal to the maximum peak power correspond-ing to the power class) that an MS outputs on command from the BS of theserving cell.

preventive maintenance The maintenance carried out at predetermined intervals or according to pre-scribed criteria and intended to reduce the probability of failure of an item.

probable cause Other-Info is an attribute component of the object classes ERRBSS and ER-ROMC. It allows additional information on an alarm in a compact form.

process control This executes the activities of process communication, process synchroniza-tion via delay, restart and semaphores, the securing of process specific dataand the management of the common memory.

processing unit (PU) Component of each processor. The core of the PU is a 32-bit processor witha 32-bit data width and a 32-bit address width. The programs of the system-specific software and of the function-oriented user software all run on the PU.In the IOC, it controls the data flow to and from the input/output processors.The PU also performs the memory and addressing protection in the CP113.

processor control panel (PCP) The PCP provides miscellaneous global functions within one bus system: busarbitration, control indication via LEDs, manual control switching (e.g. fieldand testfloor modes), alarm device driving.

processor control switch (PCS) The PCS module acts, on the one hand, like a watchdog circuit by monitoringthe continuity of each bus system, and on the other hand, it indicates the bussystem from which it expects to resume operational work.

processor switch interface (PSI) The PSI interfaces the PCS with the CSB. It performs the voting between thethree PCS cards in order to determine the current master switch position andthe continuity of the other bus system.

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profile (PRF) A profile is specified as a set of profile functions in conjunction with time re-strictions. The time restrictions specify time periods. This means that the useof the profile's profile functions (by means of OMC permissions) is permittedonly within the specified time periods. Profiles are used to define OMC per-missions.

profile function A profile function is specified by a pair of names, one of which is the name ofa method and the other the name of an object class.

profile type An elementary profile is either of type A or of type B. It is of type A, if it containsonly profile functions that refer to pure OMC object classes, otherwise it is oftype B.

protection ground (PROTGND) The protection ground is connected to the outer panels of the BCU shelf andthe outer screens of the cables.

protocol A specification for the format and relative timing of information exchange be-tween communicating parties.

provision An action to make a service available to a subscriber. The provision may be:general, where the service is made available to all subscribers (subject tocompatibility restrictions enforced) without prior arrangements being madewith the service provider; or prearranged, where the service is made availableto an individual subscriber only after the necessary arrangements have beenmade with the service provider.

PSC supervision circuit This transmits and receives the control signals to and from the other PSC lev-els, handles the various PSC alarms and controls the alarm indicators.

PSM2K controller This communicates with the PST2K via the control and status lines. It receivesthe instructions of the active BCC from the PST2K and executes them.

PSM2K demultiplexer The PSM2K Demultiplexer distributes the 4-Mbyte/s highway selected by thedecision circuit to the sixteen outgoing serial 2-Mbit/s bit streams DX-OUT andDY-OUT of the eight PMCs.

PSM2K interface This distributes the PSM2K/PST2K signals to the two backplane connectorsBU1 and BU2.

PSM2K multiplexer This converts the 16 incoming 2-Mbit/s bit streams DX-IN and DY-IN from theeight PCMs into one 8-bit parallel 4-Mbyte/s data stream (highway).

PST2K controller The PST2K Controller extracts the BCC control instructions from the twoCCHs and executes them or distributes them to the four PSM2Ks.

PST2K interface The PST2K interface distributes the data streams (highways) intended for thePST2K to two backplane connectors.

PST2K segment The PST2K performs the actual switching tasks in the BSU. It consists of threeidentical modules, the PST2K segments, whose common circuit part is thePST2K timestage.

PST2K timestage This switches the 2048 timeslots or 64-kbit/s channels of the four incoming 4-Mbyte/s highways from the PSM2K without blocking any timeslot or the fouroutgoing 4-Mbyte/s highways.

public data network (PDN) A network established and operated by an administration for the specific pur-pose of providing data transmission services to the public. Circuit switched(CSPDN), packet switched (PSPDN) and leased circuit data transmission ser-vices are feasible depending on national regulations. The Public Data Net-work may carry other services. (Adapted from CCITT Rec. X.15)

public land mobile network(PLMN)

A network, established and operated by an Administration or its licensed op-erator(s), for the specific purpose of providing land mobile communication ser-vices to the public. It provides communication possibilities for mobile users.For communication between mobile and fixed users, interworking with a fixednetwork is necessary. A PLMN may be regarded as an extension of a fixednetwork (e.g. PSTN) or as an integral part of the PSTN.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

public land mobile network area(PLMN area)

One or more visitor location areas form a public land mobile network area.This is the geographical area in which a public land mobile network operatorprovides telecommunication services.

quadrature modulator (basictransceiver)

Converts the transmit baseband to the RF transmit signal.

quarter bit number Timing of quarter bit periods (12/13 us) within a timeslot.queuing The procedure in which calls, originating from an MS or terminating in an MS

are kept pending for reasons of congestion or when the called party is occu-pied.

quiet operating ground (OPGND) This is used for screening and for sensitive analog circuits.

44 A30808-X3247-K53-2-7635


15 RR Value of reduction of the MS transmitted RF power relative to the maximum

allowed output power of the highest power class of MS (A).radio channel management This comprises the handling of the various types of radio channels in the GSM

system during the period in which a connection is established, maintained,modified and released.

radio communication service A service as defined in this section involving the transmission, emissionand/or reception of radio waves for specific telecommunication purposes.

radio frequency (RF) Those frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum normally associated withradio wave propagation. Sometimes defined as transmission at any frequencyat which coherent electromagnetic energy radiation is possible, usually above150 kHz.

radio frequency channel (RFCH) A partition of the system RF spectrum allocation with a defined bandwidth andcentre frequency.

radio link supervision This function deals with the handling of all available radio measurement dataand incorporates tasks such as measuring the uplink quality between mobilestation and base station, preprocessing the received downlink data, averagingmeasurement data, initiating necessary handover or power control actions,etc.

radio subsystem (RSS) This includes the physical layer functions in the BS and in the MS. It providestransmission channels of various kinds. It includes also the functions for mul-tiple access, modulation, coding, etc.

radio subsystem criteria Criteria used in the handover and transmitted RF power control processes,(e.g. signal strength, signal quality, absolute MS-BS distance).

radio subsystem directed han-dover

Change of channel during a call due to either the degradation of quality of thecurrently serving channel or the availability of another channel which can al-low communication at a lower transmitted RF power, or to prevent an MS fromgrossly exceeding the planned cell area.

radio terminal controller (RTC) This is the central controller of the RT. It performs the following tasks for theRT: configuration control, signaling, measurements.

RADIO-LINK-TIMEOUT The timeout period for radio link failure. Maximum value of the radio link timer.RADIO-LINK-TIMER Parameter which is incremented or decremented according to the success

with which SACCH messages are decoded.RAND Random number to be used as challenge in a challenge response protocol

during authentication. Part of a security-related triple generated by the AC.random access channel (RACH) Uplink only. Used to request allocation of an SDCCH.random access procedure (RAP) This passes a channel request message on the RACH towards the BS.real object An identifiable entity of the real world. Such an entity can be a physical or a

logical one. It can have components that are also real objects, or it can be acomponent of a composite real object. The term is defined as a counterpart ofthe term abstract object.

real system A computer system (one or more computers) together with the associatedsoftware, peripherals, terminals, human operators, physical processes andeven subsystems, that are responsible for information transfer. It forms an au-tonomous whole capable of performing information processing and/or infor-mation transfer.

receiver (Rx) This comprises the pure analog parts such as the amplifiers, RF and IF sec-tion and the frequency converters. It has to amplify the antenna voltage, filter-ing out the correct receive frequency and recovering the baseband signal fromthe carrier.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

receiver board (RXU-RXB) The task of the Receiver Board RXU-RXB is to select the receive antenna sig-nal distributed via the ACE and to amplify this to a level suitable for process-ing.

receiver multicoupler (RXMC) This distributes the signal from the RX antenna among a number of RTs.recovery counter part (TMSI) The system recovery counter is incremented by one after each recovery which

caused a loss of the subscriber database.recovery handler This responds to or initiates reset procedures in the BTC on instruction from

the BCE.reference configuration A combination of functional groups and reference points that shows possible

network arrangements.reference point A conceptual point at the conjunction of the two non-overlapping functional

groups.registration The programming by the service provider or subscriber of information to en-

able subsequent operation of a service. The programming action involves in-put of specific supplementary information. For certain services the registrationprocedure may cause activation while for others the service may already bein the action phase.

remote mode In the remote mode, the LMT handler routes all input from the LMT to the OMCand the LMT thus acts as a remote terminal of the OMC.

remote operation interface (ROI) The remote operation interface ROI realizes the communication interface foraccess to BSS O&M functions from the operation and maintenance center.

rental Payment(s) due to a GSM PLMN operator or an authorized agent for accessto certain services for the designated periods.

request (REQ) Acknowledgement type: request for more information or action by the operat-ing personnel.

RESELECT-INTERVAL-MIN Minimum time between cell reselections.reset procedure The procedure for recovery of information for a home location register after re-

start, concerning its mobile stations which are registered with a visitor locationregister.

resource management Resource management (by planning functions, procurement etc.) providesthe network resources (active and passive telecommunication equipment)and the NM resources.

restart procedure The procedure to recover the information in a location register after the loca-tion information is lost due to a failure. The restart procedure consists of copy-ing a back-up file (which is stored at regular intervals during normaloperation).

restoration The procedure to recover the information in a location register, after the loca-tion information is lost due to a failure. It consists of a restart procedure, afterwhich each element of the memory is pointed out by an indicator. This indica-tor is turned off when the relevant location information has been checked.

result Acknowledgement type: result message.reverse charging This supplementary service allows a called mobile subscriber to be charged

for the usage-based call on a per call basis, at the request of the calling sub-scriber and with the permission of the called mobile subscriber. This servicemay require the subscription of the called mobile subscriber, but the serviceis generally available for the calling subscriber if the calling subscriber is a mo-bile subscriber.

RNTABLE Table of 128 integers in the hopping sequence.roaming The ability of the mobile subscriber to wander freely around the network.roaming restriction This indicates that the mobile subscriber is currently roaming in a restricted

area.

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ROI main processor The main task of this processor is to handle the higher layers of the OSI ref-erence model.

root window At the MMI, whatever the MML may be, the screen of the terminal is consid-ered to be a window, viz. the root window (see also window hierarchy).

roundtrip delay Time period between transmit and receive instant of a timeslot in the BS, de-termined by the response behavior of the MS and the MS-BS distance.

routing (ROU) This is the scheduled or immediately activated realtime display of selectedand prepared event reports on specified alarm output devices (see routingprocess).

routing data Used by the call processing programs in the CP113 to identify the trunkgroups for traffic channel connection setup.

routing function These use routing information, obtained from digit translation, to select a trunkgroup/route set that can be used to complete a call.

routing process Routing is performed by work units called routing processes. A routing pro-cess is either a scheduled routing process or an immediate routing process.

routing schedule Routing schedule is an attribute of RTAB. It serves to specify a time schedulefor routing tables, i.e. for a scheduled routing process.

routing table (RTAB) This is essentially a time schedule for routing. As the OMC user specifies sucha schedule as an instance of the object class RTAB, the instances of RTABare called routing tables.

routing task (RTSK) This specifies an event selection and an alarm output device where the select-ed and prepared event reports are to be displayed. See event selection andalarm output device. The OMC user specifies a routing task as an instance ofthe object class RTSK.

RR entity The RR entity in the MS initiates the establishment of a signaling link via therandom access procedure (RAP).

RXLEV-ACCESS-MIN The minimum received signal level at an MS for access to a cell.RXLEV-MIN The minimum received signal level at an MS from a neighboring cell for han-

dover to be permitted.RXLEV-NCELL Received signal level of neighboring or currently serving cell measured on the

BCCH carrier.RXLEV-SERVING-CELL Received signal level in the serving cell measured on the BCCH carrier.RXQUAL-FULL Received signal quality assessed over the full set of TDMA frames within a

SACCH block.RXQUAL-SERVING-CELL Received signal quality of serving cell.RXQUAL-SUB Received signal quality assessed over a subset of 12 TDMA frames.

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InformationSystem

Glossary

16 Sscheduled routing process A scheduled routing process is specified by a routing table and by one or more

routing tasks (see routing table and routing task).scrolling area A window area used for scrolling a district.secondary digital carrier (SDC) An 8.192 Mbits/s bus that transfers 128 channels of speech or data at the rate

of 8000 8-bit bytes per second.security box The AC contains several security boxes with keys and algorithms required for

the production of authentication parameters. The security boxes are imple-mented in the form of modified IOP modules, which operate with 100 per centredundancy. Each box has a V.24 interface which serves to input the securitybox parameters and which is subsequently locked and sealed.

security feature These protect: i) access to the mobile services; ii) any relevant item from be-ing disclosed on the radio path, mainly in order to ensure the privacy of user-related information. A security feature is either a supplementary service or anetwork function involved in the provision of one or several telecommunica-tion services.

security management (SM) The control and distribution of security-relevant information to various usersand systems for use in providing security services, reporting on security ser-vices and mechanisms, reporting on security-relevant events that have oc-curred.

selective trunk reservation (STR) A protective control which responds to trunk group congestion measured bythe number of idle trunks remaining within a trunk group.

serial interface module (MPSC) These are responsible for serial-parallel and parallel-serial conversion and formultiplexing the two V.24 interfaces on the internal bus system. They containthe line drivers and receivers.

service provider The organization through which the subscriber obtains GSM telecommunica-tion services. This may be a network operator or possibly a separate body.

service access point (SAP) In the reference model for Open Systems Interconnection, service accesspoints (SAPs) of a layer are defined as gates through which services are of-fered to an adjacent higher layer.

service area An area in which a mobile subsriber is obtainable by a fixed subscriber withoutthe subscriber's knowledge of the actual location of the mobile station withinthe area. A service area may consist of several PLMNs, and it may compriseone country, several countries or be part of a country.

service control point (SCP) Component of intelligent network with database for connection control andservice authorization.

service element (SE) A service made available by a service provider is a collection of several indi-vidual services, called service elements. Associated with each service ele-ment there is a procedure (or a function) implemented by the service provider.

service management system(SMS)

Component of intelligent network with the following services: management ofdatabase statistics, introduction of new services, service updates.

service switching point (SSP) The SSPs (3) are in the intelligent network (IN).serving BS BS with which the MS is currently communicating.serving cell Cell containing the serving BS.serving MSC The MSC which is handling the cell at the moment.SID frame Frame which carries the averaged background noise information.signal processing board (SPB) The part of a radio terminal which carries out signal processing between the

Um and Abis interface.

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signal processing unit (SPU) The signal processing unit of the TMS carries out the several tasks related tochannel coding in a general sense. The SPU is logically subdivided into twounits, called SPU(T) and SPU(R).

signaling and supervision unit(SSU)

This controls and supervises up to four TCGs. By means of the SSU the chan-nels can be routed individually to the M interfaces. Additional functions of theSSU are O&M functions.

signaling connection control part(SCCP)

This is an MTP-dependent user part. The SCCP provides additional functionsto the MTP to supply both connectionless network services (i.e. without logicalconnection) and connection-oriented network services (i.e. with logical con-nection).

signaling connection control partmanagement (SCMG)

SCCP management is organized into two subfunctions: subsystem statusmanagement and signaling point status management.

signaling link A signaling link is represented by a set of two data channels operating togeth-er in opposite directions at the same data rate.

signaling link management The controls the activation, disconnection and blocking of signaling links.signaling link terminal (SILT) The signaling link terminal (digital) provides control for the signaling messag-

es received or transmitted by a signaling point or a signaling transfer point.signaling management processor(SIMP)

In the SIMP of the CCNP, the level 3 CCS7 functions (message handling func-tions) are implemented.

signaling point (SP) The signaling points are the sources (originating points) and the sinks (desti-nation points) of signaling traffic. In the D900 PLMN these are the SSS entitiesand the BCE (BSC).

signaling route management This takes route sets into and out of service.signaling terminal control (STC) The STC has no CCS7 functions. It connects the ST with both the active and

the standby CCMP and executes O&M functions.signaling traffic management The tasks of the signaling traffic management are control of message routing,

control of the resulting transfer of signaling traffic in case of modifications, andflow control.

signaling transfer The following cases are known: signaling transfer with call connection (an er-ror or an alarm occurs while a connection is established) and signaling trans-fer without call connection (an error or an alarm occurs while no connection isestablished).

signaling transfer point (STP) The STP receives incoming signaling infomation ands sends it over the com-mon channel signaling links to its destination.

signaling unit (SU) A logical unit accommodating various functional units. These functional unitsinclude a tone generator and code receivers.

signed response (SRES) Response to a challenge in a challenge response protocol during authentica-tion. Part of security-related triple generated in the AC.

simple parameter value An elementary data item, used as a value of a parameter that has an elemen-tary parameter type.

simultaneous and alternate use ofservices

These supplementary services allow the use of e.g. call barring and call for-warding simultaneously or alternatively.

single command parameter value A single command parameter value is either a simple or a compound com-mand parameter value.

slow frequency hopping (SFH) A method to overcome fading problems.software (SW) For a BS object there exists exactly one instance of the object class SW. This

instance does not represent a real object and serves only to structure the con-tainment hierarchy. All object instances that represent SW images dispatched(downloaded) to a BSS are grandchildren of the SW instance. Each of the chil-dren of the SW instance are instances representing a loadable unit type.

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Glossary

software BSS (SWBSS) This instance does not represent a real object and serves only to structure thecontainment hierarchy. SW images that are stored in the OMC in order to bedispatched (downloaded) to the loadable units are represented as grandchil-dren of the SWBSS instance.

software BTC (SWBTC) The SWBTC instance does not represent a real object and serves only tostructure the containment hierarchy. The children of a SWBTC instance rep-resent dispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadableunit type that comprises objects of the object class BTC.

software CCMP (SWCCMP) The SWCCMP instance does not represent a real object and serves only tostructure the containment hierarchy. The children of a SWCCMP instancerepresent dispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the load-able unit type that consists of objects of the object class CCMP.

software for BTC in OMC (SWOB-TC)

The object class SWOBTC has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOBTC instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOBTC instance rep-resent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class BTC. They are stored in the OMC in order to be dis-patched (downloaded) to the loadable units.

software for CCMP in OMC(SWOCCMP)

The object class SWOCCMP has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOCCMP instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOCCMP instance rep-resent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class CCMP. They are stored in the OMC in order to bedispatched (downloaded) to the loadable units.

software for CEP in OMC (SWO-CEP)

Refers to EXTC where EXTCTYPE equals CEP.

software for IOP in OMC(SWOIOP)

The object class SWOIOP has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOIOP instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOIOP instance repre-sent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class PG where PGTYPE equals IOP. They are stored inthe OMC in order to be dispatched (downloaded) to the loadable units and aregrandchildren of the SWBSS instance.

software for MPC in OMC(SWOMPC)

The object class SWOMPC has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOMPC instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOMPC instance rep-resent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class MPC. They are stored in the OMC in order to bedispatched (downloaded) to the loadable units.

software for PPP in OMC (SWOP-PP)

The object class SWOPPP has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOPPP instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOPPP instance rep-resent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class EXTC where EXTCTYPE equals PPP. They arestored in the OMC in order to be dispatched (downloaded) to the loadableunits and are grandchildren of the SWBSS instance.

software for ROI in OMC (SWOR-OI)

The object class SWOROI has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWOROI instance serves to structure the MIT anddoes not represent a real object. The children of the SWOROI instance repre-sent SW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists ofobjects of the object class PG where PGTYPE equals ROI. They are storedin the OMC in order to be dispatched (downloaded) to the loadable units andthey are grandchildren of the SWBSS instance.

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software for RT in OMC (SWORT) The object class SWORT has exactly one instance which is a child of theSWBSS instance. The SWORT instance serves to structure the MIT and doesnot represent a real object. The children of the SWORT instance representSW images for loadable units of the loadable unit type that consists of objectsof the object class RT. They are stored in the OMC in order to be dispatched(downloaded) to the loadable units.

software IOP (SWIOP) The SWIOP instance does not represent a real object, but serves to structurethe containment hierarchy only. The children of a SWIOP instance representdispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadable unittype that consists of objects of the object class PG, where PGTYPE equalsIOP.

software layer The operating system is the software layer which is able to run autonomouslyon the MPU within the BBC hardware after power-up.

software load The software load functional block provides facilities for transferring the soft-ware of the different subsystems either from a remote node (OMC) or via alocal device (floppy) to the BCE disk and for loading the software into a sub-system memory.

software management (SWM) Software management consists of the main functions: installation, softwareload, initialization, test facilites.

software MPC (SWMPC) The SWMPC instance does not represent a real object, but serves to structurethe containment hierarchy only. The children of a SWMPC instance representdispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadable unittype that comprises objects of the object class MPC.

software PPP (SWPPP) The SWBTC instance does not represent a real object, but serves to structurethe containment hierarchy only. The children of a SWPPP instance representdispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadable unittype that comprises objects of the object class EXTC, where EXTCTYPEequals PPP.

software ROI (SWROI) The SWROI instance does not represent a real object, but serves to structurethe containment hierarchy only. The children of a SWROI instance representdispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadable unittype that comprises objects of the object class PG, where PGTYPE equalsROI.

software RT (SWRT) The SWRT instance does not represent a real object, but serves to structurethe containment hierarchy only. The children of a SWRT instance representdispatched (downloaded) SW images for loadable units of the loadable unittype that comprises objects of the object class RT.

son If items are hierarchically arranged in a tree (e.g. objects or object classes)and if two items are neighboring nodes in the tree, such that one is higher inthe hierarchy than the other, then the higher one is called the father of the low-er one and the lower one is called the son of the higher one.

SRCOMT (source OMT) One of the two standard device groups.SSS entity management Entity management optimizes the rate of call completion through the MSC

while maintaining a quality grade of service during periods of SSS stress.stand-alone dedicated controlchannel/4 (SDCCH/4)

Four of these are mapped on the same physical channel as the CCCH.

stand-alone dedicated controlchannel/8 (SDCCH/8)

Eight of these are mapped on a separate physical channel.

standard message group Each message is assigned to one standard message group only, which in turnis assigned to one of the two standard device groups SRCOMT or WPB.

standard profile A profile that is automatically included in every OMC permission.

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Glossary

start program The start program handles the RESET signal received from the master pro-cessor, from manual reset and on-board endless loop detection. Then thehardware of the processor is tested and initialized. The software data struc-tures are initialized and program and data are loaded.

state management This provides procedures for the manipulation of the administrative states ofthe managed objects.

state of treatment An attribute component of the object classes ERRBSS and ERROMC. Itsmain task is to provide information on the state of the treatment of the alarm.

station One or more transmitters or receivers or a combination of transmitters and re-ceivers, including the accessory equipment, necessary at one location for car-rying out a radiocommunication service, or the radio astronomy service. Eachstation shall be classified by the service in which it operates permanently ortemporarily.

stream cipher Bit by bit binary addition of cleartext bitstream and cipherkey bitstream.structured profile A profile that is defined as a union of other profiles (here called components).

Its set of profile functions is the union of the profile function sets of the com-ponents. Its time restrictions result from the time restrictions specified directlywith its definition and from the ones of the components. Such directly specifiedtime restrictions are, however, not required.

sub-channel number (SCN) One of the parameters defining a particular physical channel in a BS.subaddress Calling number identity: additional address information generated by the call-

ing subscriber.subscriber authentication key Subscriber individual confidential information used together with RAND to

generate SRES in the subscriber identity authentication.subscriber identity authentication The corroboration by the fixed part of the system that the identity (IMSI, TM-

SI), transferred by the mobile subscriber within the authentication procedureat the radiopath, is the one claimed.

subscriber identity confidentiality The property that the subscriber identity (IMSI) is not made available or dis-closed. The purpose of this is to prevent an intruder from identifying and locat-ing a mobile subscriber by listening to the signaling on the radio path. Thefeature thus provides a high level of confidentiality for subscriber data and sig-naling.

subscriber identity module (SIM) Removable or fixed module that is part of mobile station or inserted into a mo-bile equipment. It contains security-related information (IMSI, Ki, PIN), othersubscriber-related information and the Algorithm A3/A8.

subscriber-controlled input (SCI) This handles all user activities related to the use and function of supplemen-tary services, etc.

subscription This permits participation in telecommunication services (basic telecommuni-cation services and those supplementary services for which it is necessary).

subsequent handover procedure A procedure in which a call is handed over to an MSC from another MSC un-der which the call was not originated.

subsystem number (SSN) The SCCP can use the subsystem number as an address parameter.subsystem status management This updates translation and status based on the information of failure, with-

drawal, congestion and recovery of subsystems.superframe The least common multiple of the two types of multiframe (26 x 51 frames, pe-

riod 6.12 s).supervisory tone Supervisory tones, indicating primarily ringing, engaged and unobtainable,

may be generated by both PLMN and PSTN.supplementary service (SS) A modification of, or a supplement to, a basic telecommunication service.

Supplementary services comprise Call Forwarding, Call Barring (Call Restric-tion) and General Call Services (other supplementary services).

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supplementary service interwork-ing

The interworking between the same supplementary services in different net-works.

switch group control (SGC) This consists of a microprocessor with its associated emmory and peripheralchips. These are all interconnected via the address, data and control bus. Theswitch group control handles commands, builds messages and carries outrouting tests.

switch management The objective of switch management is to prevent severe degradation in callhandling capacity when the offered traffic load exceeds the maximum engi-neered call handling capacity.

switched connection A connection that is established by means of switching.switching subsystem (SSS) One of the three subsystems of the D900 system. It is responsible for call pro-

cessing and the administration of subscriber and equipment data.synchronization burst (SB) Period of RF carrier less than one timeslot whose modulation bit stream car-

ries information for the MS to synchronize its time-frame start to that of the re-ceived signal.

synchronization channel (SCH) This channel carries only downlink information for frame synchronization ofthe mobile station and identification of a base transceiver station.

synchronization error signal Should the signal fail, the clock supervision generates a synchronization errorsignal.

system change control The mechanism which ensures satisfactory functioning of the programs con-trolling the system also ensures that program change and updating are satis-factorily carried out.

system down time System down time is minimized in order to maximize system availability.system interface A boundary between a system and other systems with which it interacts by ex-

changing information. An interface is defined by the specifications of the ex-changed information units and of the protocol used for the informationexchange. System interfaces are classified into three types: user interfaces,cooperating and supporting interfaces. This classification is a relative one.

system management applicationentity (SMAE)

An SMAE is an application-entity that implements communication support forsystem management using system management protocols. System manage-ment communication takes place between system management application-entities. Any application process which communicates according to systemmanagement protocol standards does so through an SMAE.

system panel control (SYPC) This receives alarms and advisories as well as additional data (date, time andcall procesing CP load) from the CP113.

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17 Ttable group This consists of the tables which are in some way logically connected to each

other.tail bit (TB) Known bits that are added at the end of the information stream to allow use of

a convolutional code to build a (non-systematic) block code while preservingthe minimum distance properties.

target MSC The MSC controlling the cell(s) selected as target(s) for a handover.TDMA frame number (FN) Identifies the position of a particular TDMA time-frame within a hyperframe.telecommunication Any transmission and/or emission and reception of signals representing

signs, writing, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio,optical or other electromagnetic systems.

telecommunication service A service offered by an administration or RPOA to its customers in order tosatisfy a specific telecommunication requirement.

telecommunication service at-tribute

A specified characteristic of a telecommunication service.

telecommunicationsmanagementnetwork (TMN)

The implementation of the network management functionality required for thePLMN is in terms of physical entities, the full site which constitutes the TMN.

telephone user part (TUP) This user part provides the functions for using the message transfer part for aparticular user type.

teleservice (TS) A type of telecommunication service that provides the complete capability, in-cluding terminal equipment functions, for communication between users ac-cording to protocols established by agreement between administrationsand/or RPOAs. Examples of teleservices: telephony, short message service,teletex, alternate speech and facsimile group 3, DTMF service.

temperature-controlled oscillator The temperature-controlled crystal oscillator generates a clock signal at a fre-quency of 32.768 MHz.

temporary alternate routing ar-rangements (TARR)

TARR function reroute traffic from routes indicating congestion to these car-rying a lower traffic load.

temporary mobile subscriber iden-tity (TMSI)

This is a numbering scheme used for the subscriber identity confidentialityfunction and is only valid within the area controlled by the VLR. On request, itis allocated or reallocated to an IMSI in such a way that the mobile subscribermay be addressed by the TMSI within the location area controlled by the VLR.

terminal adaptation function (TAF) The terminal adaptation function is a functional entity associated with an MS.The TAF provides the functionality necessary to permit interworking betweenan MT and terminal equipment (TE).

terminal adapter (TA) A physical entity in the MS providing terminal adaptation functions. (GSM04.02)

terminal control unit (TCU) The terminal control unit which is located together with the PCS in the maincontrol module offers the possibility of connecting the RS-232 ports of bothPTAs to a common connector. So, if a switch-over to the standby controlleroccurs, the connected peripheral units are not affected.

terminal equipment (TE) Equipment that provides the functions necessary for the operation of the ac-cess protocols by the user.

terminal permission A terminal permission specifies what profile functions can be applied at a ter-minal at a point of time. It is defined by a subset of profiles.

terminal user permission This specifies which profile functions a user can apply to what managed ob-jects at a given terminal at a point of time. It is defined by a user permissionand a terminal permission. Thus, a terminal user permission is always relatedto a terminal and to a user.

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terminating network Network which in cooperation with a GSM PLMN provides telecommunicationservices between their respective users. Examples of terminating networksare the PSTN, the ISDN, PDNS, GSM PLMNs.

terrestrial channel management Terrestrial channels between BSS and MSC are allocated by the MSC butlinked for a certain call to a TCH. Because certain channels may not be ableto support all types of traffic (e.g. data calls) the MSC has to ensure that thechosen terrestrial channel is able to support the type of call involved.

test adapter board (TAB) A slot is reserved in the BCU shelf for a Test Adapter Board TAB-BCU. Thisboard is only used for laboratory test purposes. It is not required for normaloperation.

test mobile station (TMS) The TMS consists of modular blocks. Each block contains one of the funda-mental functions: basic transceiver, channel coding and encryption, MS-con-trol-unit, Af-processing and data handling.

testing The test procedure allows the subcriber to check whether or not the service isoperating as desired. In some cases the use of the service is sufficient, for oth-ers a method of testing is included in the control procedure.

three party service (3PTY) This supplementary service enables a mobile subscriber to establish a threeparty conversation. A mobile subscriber who is active on a call is able to holdthat call, make an additional call to a third party, switch from one call to theother as required (privacy being provided between the two calls), and/or re-lease one call and return to the other, or join the two calls together into a three-way conversation.

threshold A limit value of a counter or a gauge. When a counter value exceeds a giventhreshold, or when a gauge exceeds a given threshold or falls below a giventhreshold, a defined action, called a threshold action, is performed.

threshold action An alarm action that is performed when a threshold is violated (see threshold).threshold hysteresis A threshold hysteresis can be defined for a threshold of a gauge. It is a value

that can be added or subtracted from the threshold. The purpose of a thresh-old hysteresis is to prevent the threshold action being performed every timethe gauge value exceeds the upper threshold or falls below the lower thresh-old in case of small oscillations.

time base unit (TB) The time base unit delivers several clocks and pulses required by the differentsubunits in the MS. Basically this unit will deliver quarter bit pulses, bit pulses,timeslot pulses, and frame pulses and will count the quarter bits, bits andtimeslots.

time frame The repetition period of the (8) timeslots of a particular channel (period 60/13= 4.62 ms approx.).

time management Time management sets, cancels, tests and processes timer jobs. It also startsprocesses in the case of timeout.

time stamp #(TMSI#) This specifies the time when TMSI allocation was performed.timebase counters A set of counters which determine the timing state of signals transmitted by a

BS or MS.timeslot One of a number of periods in a time frame (period 15/26 ms). Physical chan-

nel in a TDMA system.timeslot number Identifies a particular timeslot within a TDMA frame.timing advance A signal sent by the BS to the MS. It enables the MS to advance the timing of

its transmissions to the BS so as to compensate for propagation delay.TMN functional entity A functional entity (that can be implemented in different HW and/or SW terms)

of a TMN. A functional entity can include other functional entities.TMN node A logical component of a TMN. Such a component performs a functional com-

ponent of the TMN function. A functional component of a TMN function iscalled network management function.

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TMN resource The resources of a GSM network can be subdivided into network resources(i.e. PLMN resources) and NM resources (i.e. TMN resources), depending onwhether they are components of the PLMN or of the TMN.

TMN standard interfaces The standard interfaces which provide for the interconnection of NEs, OSs,MDs and WSs through the DCN or LCN.

traffic channel (TCH) Channels which carry users' speech or data.traffic channel management It is the responsibility of the BSS to handle autonomously the resource of all

configured traffic channels. The BSS chooses the radio channel to be used,based on information received from the MSC which defines the channel type,channel coding, and all other parameters which are relevant for that particularcall setup. Other major tasks are queuing of TCHs, observation of idle chan-nels and release of TCHs.

traffic data monitoring Traffic data monitoring has the function of detecting briefly occurring peakloads in the trunks of the exchange.

traffic data recording Traffic data recording is divided into the following: traffic data monitoring, traf-fic data measurement, traffic structure measurement, traffic observation,route grade-of-service monitoring.

traffic measurement The accumulation of statistical information regarding the call-handling perfor-mance of the PLMN switching subsystem for the purpose of evaluating trendsin the following areas: a) user performance studies, b) trouble isolation stud-ies, c) engineering studies, d) network planning studies.

traffic measurement data collec-tion procedures

Traffic data is constantly being collected by the the system for use by trafficengineers. The data is stored in fifteen-minute collection increments whichmay be accumulated and recorded to perform specific traffic studies.

traffic measurement file If a traffic measurement recording function is called up with an MML com-mand, a corresponding file for this job is established.

traffic measurement objects These include traffic equipment (PLMN and network entity), and related itemsthat directly affect call processing, which may be categorized as follows: facil-ity equipment, exchange equipment, destination codes, call types.

traffic measurement order A traffic measurement order comprises two types of data: semipermanent jobdata for administration and transient traffic measurement data.

traffic observation (TOB) The TOB function provides tickets for long term traffic observation studies ofthe PLMN part visible to an entity.

traffic volume The duration of all valid seizures and outgoing call attempts on all circuits ofa trunk group.

training sequence Sequence of modulating bits employed to facilitate timing recovery and chan-nel equalization in the receiver.

training sequence code Parameter used to select one of a number of training sequences.transaction capabilities applica-tion part (TCAP)

The TCAP provides transaction capabilities functions in which they supportthe information transfer between two or more signaling points.

transceiver (TRX) A network component which can serve full duplex communication on 3 full-rate traffic channels according to recommendation GSM 05.02. If SPH is notused, then the TRX serves the communication on one RP carrier.

transcoder (TRC) Each TCB contains 8 transcoders TrC. Besides speech transcoding, eachTrC is able to transparently throughconnect certain signaling channels be-tween M and A interfaces.

transcoder board (TCB) Each TCB contains 8 transcoders TrC. For each traffic channel, one transcod-er is needed which is able to perform full-rate speech transcoding between 64kb/s as expected at the A interface and the appropriate M interface represen-tation.

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transcoder group quartet (TCGQ) For each PCM 30 link at the A interface, one transcoder group TCG support-ing up to 31 speech channels is needed. One TCGQ can be equipped with upto 4 TCGs.

transcoding and rate adaptation The transcoding function for speech calls and the rate adaptation function fordata calls provide the interface between the standard 64 kb/s transmission inthe terrestrial network and lower transmission rates on the radio side.

transcoding equipment (TCE) For each traffic channel the TCE adapts the different transmission rates forspeech and data calls on the radio side to the standardized 64 kbit/s transmis-sion rate at the network side of the system. It also maps between the differentspeech coding algorithms used within the fixed network and on the radio in-terface.

transient triple database The transient triple database is automatically established by the IOP:AUC inthe idle state and therefore cannot be administrated. For each MSIN, five tri-ples are stored in the transient triple database.

transit exchange The MSC may serve as a transit exchange of an ISDN or PSTN network.transmit frame counter block This works with an offset parallel to the reference counter.transmit power (TXPWR) Tx power level in the MS-TXPWR-REQUEST and MS-TXPWR-CONF param-

eters.transmitter unit (TXU) The TXU converts the digital data stream coming from the frequency hopping

equipment FHE into a 900 MHz GMSK signal. In addition, the TXU providespower supply for the complete RT from a single supply voltage.

transparent support of services Support of services where the network is unaware of the higher layer proto-cols, i.e. the higher layer protocols are transparent to the PLMN. See alsoGSM 03.10.

trend indication An attribute component of the object classes ERRBSS and ERROMC. Thisdata variable informs whether the fault that caused the alarm was increasingor decreasing as it was detected.

triple Set of three security-related authentication parameters generated by the ACat the request of the HLR. Each triple consists of the random number for au-thentication (RAND), the signed response (SRES) and the cipherkey (Kc).

triple database The dynamic part of the mobile subscriber data stored in the AC.trunk access restriction (TAR) TAR is a manually activated control which limits the percentage of trunks used

for outgoing traffic in a both-way trunk group, thereby giving preference to in-coming traffic.

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Glossary

18 Uuplink Physical link from MS towards BS (MS transmits, BS receives)useful part of timeslot That part of the burst used by the demodulator. It differs from the full burst in

the 1/2 bit shift of the I and Q parts of the GMSK signal.user The individual or entity designated by the customer, individually or by class,

as having access to the service and having the authorization, individually orby class, that may be required by the GSM PLMN operator or an authorizedagent concerned.

user interface If a system A uses a system B via an interface, i.e. B provides services to A,then the interface is a user interface of B and a supporting interface of A.

user network access The means by which a user is connected to a telecommunication network inorder to use the services and/or facilities of that network.

user performance studies User performance studies within a PLMN or within an SSS network entityrecord calls complete and calls incomplete.

user permission A user permission specifies which profile functions a user can apply to whichmanaged objects at a point of time. A user permission is defined by a set ofprofiles and each of these profiles can be restricted to a subset of BSSs.

user-to-user signaling (UUS) The supplementary service which allows a mobile subscriber to send/receivea limited amount of information to/from another PLMN or ISDN subscriberover the signaling channel in association with a call to the other subscriber.

utilities subsystem This is structured into the software elements: dump of memory contents inSLC, STC and CCMP and trace of programs in SLC, STC and CCMP.

utility bus This consists of a clock line, system reset line, system fail line and voltagefault line.

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19 V/Wvariable district A district that contains at least one variable field.visited MSC (VMSC) May be used if the VLR is implemented in an MSC.visited PLMN (VPLMN) A PLMN whose services can be used temporarily based on a subscription in

another PLMN, the home PLMN.visitor location register (VLR) The location register where all relevant parameters concerning a mobile sta-

tion are stored as long as the mobile station is in a location area controlled bythis register.

visitor location register area One or more location areas form a visitor location register area. This is thepart of the network supported by one visitor location register and can rangefrom a part of a city to a whole country.

voice activity detection (VAD) A process used in DTX to identify presence or absence of speech data bits.voltage-controlled crystal oscilla-tor (VCXO)

The VCXO delivering the system reference frequency is a voltage-controlledcrystal oscillator which can be tuned within its tuning range by steps muchsmaller than 0.1 ppm by a D/A-Converter to achieve the prescribed accuracy.

watchdog and reset logic The watchdog is a timer of the CPU, triggered by the EXEC program, startinga reset for the CPU at time out.

window A rectangular area that can be displayed on a terminal screen. It is used todisplay data, e.g. texts, pictures, or subwindows. If a window is displayed in ascreen, it is said to be visible. The location and the size of a window in ascreen or in a parent window is adjustable.

window area An area, often a rectangular one, in a window. It can be partitioned into sub-areas, which can be further partitioned.

window frame Usually a window consists of a window frame that surrounds a rectangular ar-ea, called the client area. Often the frame is used for menu bars, buttons (e.g.the button for closing the window) and/or scroll bars.

window hierarchy In general, a window-oriented MML uses a variable number of windows. Theroot window, i.e. the screen, can have more than one child window and a childwindow could in turn have child windows. Hence, at each point in time, thereis a hierarchy of windows displayed.

withdrawal An action taken by the service provider to remove an available service from asubscriber's access. The withdrawal may be: general, where the service is re-moved from all subscribers provided with the service; or specific, where theservice is removed on an individual basis from subscribers provided with theservice.

work station (WS) The remote device via which O&M personnel executes input and output trans-actions for MN purposes.

writeback mode of access A data item just read can be very quickly modified and rewritten without havingto select the address again. This facility is used during error correction.

rc_obr7.0 glossary.pdf

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