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Title Title

Issue 40 / Autumn 2016

Plaxis Bulletin

3D � nite element modelling of a large waste disposal site

Plaxis new solutions & recent activities

Table of contents

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Colophon

Any correspondence regarding the Plaxis Bulletin can be sent by e-mail to:

[email protected]

or by regular mail to:

Plaxis Bulletinc/o Annelies VogelezangPO Box 5722600 AN DelftThe Netherlands

The Plaxis Bulletin is a publication of Plaxis bv and is distributed worldwide among Plaxis subscribers

Editorial board:Ronald BrinkgreveErwin BeerninkMartin de KantArny Lengkeek

Design: Judi Godvliet

For information about PLAXIS software contact your local agent or Plaxis main of� ce:

Plaxis bvP.O. Box 5722600 AN DelftThe Netherlands

[email protected]: +31 (0)15 251 7720Fax: +31 (0)15 257 3107

The Plaxis Bulletin is the combined magazine of Plaxis bv and the Plaxis users association (NL). The Bulletin focuses on the use of the � nite element method in geotechnical engineering practise and includes articles on the practical application of the PLAXIS programs, case studies and backgrounds on the models implemented in PLAXIS.

The Bulletin offers a platform where users of PLAXIS can share ideas and experiences with each other. The editors welcome submission of papers for the Plaxis Bulletin that fall in any of these categories.

The manuscript should preferably be submitted in an electronic format, formatted as plain text without formatting. It should include the title of the paper, the name(s) of the authors and contact information (preferably e-mail) for the corresponding author(s). The main body of the article should be divided into appropriate sections and, if necessary, subsections. If any references are used, they should be listed at the end of the article.

The author should ensure that the article is written clearly for ease of reading.

In case � gures are used in the text, it should be indicated where they should be placed approxi-mately in the text. The � gures themselves have to be supplied separately from the text in a vector based format (eps,ai). If photographs or ‘scanned’ � gures are used the author should ensure that they have a resolution of at least 300 dpi or a minimum of 3 mega pixels. The use of colour in � gures and photographs is encouraged, as the Plaxis Bulletin is printed in full-colour.

Editorial03

04 New developments


06

PLAXIS Expert Services update05

Plaxis new solutions10

Recent activities11

www.plaxis.com l Autumn issue 2016 l Plaxis Bulletin 3

We are delighted to publish the autumn 2016 issue of the PLAXIS Bulletin, including an article from one of our users on their modelling efforts with PLAXIS 3D, information on new developments, new Plaxis solutions and our recent activities.

Since our last bulletin, the Plaxis’ development team has been working intensively on further expanding PLAXIS with new tools and features. Recently we delivered the latest iteration of our 3D product line, PLAXIS 3D 2016. This new version provides a revolu-tion on tunnel modelling, making it easier and faster than ever before. Full 64-bit implementation, speed improvements, improved import and a switch to full parametric geometry complete the package, prepa-ring PLAXIS 3D for the future, making it capable of dealing with the most complex geotechnical projects.

For the New developments column we take a look at the improved capabilities of the 2D Thermal module. As part of a European research project, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology has developed a constitutive model for creep in frozen soil. This model has been simpli� ed to an implementation without creep and can now be used for practical application with PLAXIS 2D. The segment delves into the practical use and application of the model.In the PLAXIS Expert Services update we discuss the

advanced � nite element modelling assistance our Expert Advisors provided to Big R Bridge leading to an understanding of the complex soil-structure interaction and behaviour of the Bolt-a-Bin. The investigation into the behaviour involved a parametric study with the Mohr-Coulomb and HS models.

The user article in this bulletin involves the modelling ofAustria’s Rautenweg waste disposal site with PLAXIS 3D. For future usage of the facility the waste disposal site will require a heightening of up to 45 m above ground level. The engineers’ task was to investigate whether the circumferential sealing cofferdam would retain its sealing capacity under increasing lateral displacements due to gradual heightening of the disposal site. The user discusses the steps to come to a model by use of CAD import, as well as the major � ndings.

In Plaxis new solutions we highlight three new solutions that were introduced over the summer. With PLAXIS Online training, PLAXIS Customization and the new PLAXIS Subscriptions we equip (potential) users with the tools they need to deal with the ever increasing complexity of geotechnical projects.

In Recent activities we look back at some of the events we hosted or participated in, and we look back on

the launch of PLAXIS 3D 2016 and the new website, which will be launched soon.

We wish you a pleasant reading experience on another nice compilation of Plaxis content and look forward to your comments on this 40th edition of the Plaxis Bulletin!

The Editors

Editorial

4 Plaxis Bulletin l Autumn issue 2016 l www.plaxis.com

Title Title

New developments

Ronald Brinkgreve, Plaxis bv

Early 2015 we released the new Thermal Module. This module allows for Thermal (T) calculations, semi-coupled Thermo-Mechanical (TM) calculations as well as fully coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical (THM) calculations to be performed. The Thermal analysis capabilities have now been increased with the development of a constitutive model for frozen soil and the transition from a frozen to an unfrozen state, and vice versa.

As part of a European research project, the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) has developed a constitutive model for creep in frozen soil (Ghoreishian Amiri et al, 2016). This model is based on earlier ideas of Nishimura et al. (2009). A simpli� ed version (without creep) was created as a user-de� ned soil model in PLAXIS with the purpose to make this model available for practical applications on frozen soils. The model was tested and validated in an MSc project at Delft University of Technology (Aukenthaler, 2016), conducted at the Plaxis of� ce.

The new model is a Cam-Clay type model that describes the change in stiffness and strength as a result of soil freezing and thawing. In the unfrozen state, the model shows similarities with the well-known Barcelona Basic Model for unsaturated soils. However, the new model assumes the soil to be fully saturated, but considers ‘ice saturation’ instead: Stiffness and strength are a function of the unfrozen water content. In addition, the model can deal with typical features of frozen soils, such as frost heave and thaw settlement. Other applications for which the new model can be used are:

• Consequences of climate change on foundations in permafrost soils

• Reinforcement and sealing performance of frozen earth barriers

• The in� uence of arti� cial ground freezing on tunnel heading stability

• Loss of strength due to ice melting as a result of high pressures in deep mining and tunnelling

Since the model involves some parameters that are not common for geotechnical engineers, correlations were searched and found, linking them to more well-

known properties. A key element in the model is the unfrozen water content as a function of temperature (soil freezing characteristic curve, SFCC). For this parameter a correlation was found in terms of the Speci� c Surface Area of the soil particles, which, by itself, can be related to the grain size distribution corresponding to the type of soil as selected in the Groundwater tab of a PLAXIS material data set. In this way it becomes very easy to select this parameter, and the accuracy of the correlation turned out to be remarkable. Moreover, as a ‘by-product’, the research also delivered a very nice correlation for the hydraulic conductivity of unfrozen soils.

The new model is available as a user-de� ned soil model for PLAXIS 2D. The model itself can be obtained for free from the Plaxis sales department, but using the model requires the user to have at least a license of the Thermal Module.

On 3 November we organise a workshop for PLAXIS users on Thermal Flow and Frozen / Unfrozen Soil. During the workshop we will present more details of the Frozen & Unfrozen soil model and participants will be able to perform some calculations with the new model. More information about the workshop can be found on our website: www.plaxis.nl/events/. We realise that this new model may not be useful for all PLAXIS users, but we trust that it will prove itself in speci� c applications that are otherwise impossible to analyse. We are interested to hear your response on this new development.

Ronald Brinkgreve

References:• Aukenthaler, M. (2016). The Frozen & Unfrozen

Barcelona Basic Model - A veri� cation and valida-tion of a new constitutive model. MSc thesis. Delft University of Technology.

• Ghoreishian Amiri, SA., Grimstad, G., Kadivar, M., Nordal, S. (2016). A constitutive model for rate-independent behavior of saturated frozen soils. Canadian Geotechnical Journal.

• Nishimura, S., Gens, A., Olivella, S., Jardine, R. (2009). THM-coupled � nite element analysis of frozen soil: formulation and application. Géotech-nique 59, 159–171.

Figure 1: Frost heave as a result of a long-term dropin air temperature (Aukenthaler, 2016)


Title Title

Tom Taylor, Vice President/Director of Research & Development, Big R Bridge

In the framework of PLAXIS Expert Services, Big R Bridge has been supported in their 3D simulation work regarding the

mechanical analysis of a Bolt-A-Bin® structure. Bolt-A-Bin® is a cellular metal retaining wall that surrounds a compacted mass of

granular material and that could be used as a bridge abutment or a retaining wall. Thanks to Expert Services valuable results for

understanding the behaviour of such structures have been obtained.

IntroductionBolt-A-Bin® consists of a series of joined cellular structures that form a composite retaining wall. Each cell consists of corrugated metal stringers and spac-ers, and � at plate connectors. The components are bolted together forming the cell. Once constructed, a granular material is placed inside the cell. When the structure consists of multiple cells, the interior cells share common side-walls. The number of cells is a function of the required length of retaining wall and the standard stringer con� guration.

External stability of the Bolt-A-Bin® retaining wall follows standard gravity retaining wall design meth-odology. The distribution of loading that occurs inside the Bolt-A-Bin® is a function of the con� guration. The structural requirements of the metal components are a function of soil structure interaction. To investigate the pressures inside the bin structure the � nite ele-ment (FE) method of analysis will be used.

FE AnalysisThe � ne element model consists of corrugated stringer plates at the front and at the back and perpendicular corrugated spacer plates to delimit each cell. The plates are rigidly connected to one another and fully � xed to the bottom concrete block.

The cavity � ll material for a Bolt-A-Bin® structure typically consists of a non-cohesive, granular mate-rial with a Uni� ed Soil Classi� cation type GW. The cavity fill is modeled in Plaxis using the 10-node tetrehedron element. The cavity � ll is dissected and meshed automatically in Plaxis into uninterrupted 10-node tetrahedron elements. The hardening soil (HS) model will be used in the model. This model was chosen based on the parametric study performed

by Kniss et. al., 2007. In the parametric study the soil constitutive parameters where varied in the Mohr-Coulomb model and in the HS model to determine the in� uence on the internal earth pressure when compared to the Handy Equation.

The study found that the HS soil model produced results that were nearly identical to the arching equation proposed by Handy.

The construction sequence for a Bolt-A-Bin® structure is repetitive. The initial sequence includes building the bin. The granular material is then added in pre-scribed thickness and compacted. In this model it will be assumed that 0.762m of granular material will be placed in the bin and compacted for each stage for a total of 12 � lling stages. Results obtained in this context are presented in Figure 2.

About Big R BridgeBig R Bridge is the largest US manufacturer of prefab-ricated bridges and is based in Greeley, Colorado. Big R Bridge is a world leader in developing innovative engineered solutions in Prefabricated Bridges, Struc-tural Plate, MSE Wall Systems and Corrugated Pipe. Big R Bridge is a member of The AIL Group of Com-panies with plants and distribution centers across Canada and the US as well as licensees in Europe, Asia and Australia, and over 300 employees worldwide.

Big R Bridge has been supplying prefabricated bridges and custom engineered products across America for more than 45 years and have handled more than 10,000 installations to date and manufactures over 300 bridges a year. All products are custom engineered to site conditions handling tough challenges.

Figure 1: Model presentationFigure 2: Final Filling stress

in Z direction

PLAXIS Expert Services helped Big R Bridge designing cellular metal retaining wall

"The application of PLAXIS 3D to Bolt-a-Bin structure has signi� cantly contributed to a better understand-ing of its mechanical behaviour and especially with proper consideration of complex soil-structure interaction.

PLAXIS Expert advisors fully understood our concerns and rapidly and ef� ciently

assisted us in generating the models that accurately simulated the complex issues with stress and deformation on

such type of structures."


Properties of the waste disposal siteThe system of the waste disposal site consists of the following three main components:

• Waste body consisting of garbage and ashes, which have been dumped since the 1960s.

• Circumferential dams consisting of heavily densi� ed lean concrete, made of ash and scoria with added water, sand and cement, usually built prior to the waste dumping process. The three main geometries (constructed and projected) are shown in Fig. 5.

• Vertical enclosure realized as a chamber system con-sisting of two parallel sealing walls and counterforts

This vertical enclosure was carried out as narrow walls for depths down to 25 m below ground level and as slurry trench walls for depths exceeding 25 m. Fig. 1 shows a schematic of the enclosure. The 3D model is depicted in Fig. 6.

3D modelling process - basics and procedureDevelopment of the 3-dimensional geometryThe 3-dimensional geometry is based on a series of over� ight data preprocessed with 3D-CAD software performing the following steps:

Step 1: Triangulation of the recorded surfaces (cf. Fig. 2)Step 2: Generation, smoothing and simpli� cation of isohypses from the surfaces obtained by step 1 (Fig. 3)Step 3: Generation of smoothed surfaces from the processed isohypses

Peter-Andreas von Wolffersdorf f- Thilo Sembdner - Thomas Meier , Baugrund Wien Ziviltechniker GmbH, ÖsterreichKarl Reiselhuber, Magistratsabteilung (MA) 48, Stadt Wien, Österreich

The city of Vienna is the operator of Austria’s largest waste disposal site Rautenweg, which is enclosed by a sealing wall system

consisting of chambers, to protect the surrounding groundwater. The outer surface of the deposit is characterized by dams made

of concrete, ash and scoria, which guarantee the stability of the waste body. The operation of the waste disposal site shall be

continued in the future, which will require a heightening up to 45 m above ground level. This renders necessary the prognosis of

displacements of the sealing system caused by the heightening of the waste body, which was not projected originally. A realistic

prediction, especially in the case of the corners of the sealing system, requires 3-dimensional considerations, i.e. 3D � nite element

analyses (FEA). This is the only means to realistically assess the functionality of the system after the heightening of the waste body

and to predict if deformations of the sealing system exceed allowable tolerances.


Figure 1: Schematic of the vertical enclosure of the waste disposal site (plan view)

of the FE model, respectively. Fig. 4 presents the comparison between the unsmoothed 3D surface and the one imported in PLAXIS 3D (example con-struction stage 1998). Despite the pronounced complexity of the waste disposal site Rautenweg applying a lot of effort, it was possible to generate a manageable and realistic 3D � nite element model.

The above mentioned work led to the following special � ndings:

• Smoothing of the surfaces recorded by means of over� ight techniques is essential, since otherwise the actual surface roughness leads to very large numbers of elements, often with a very poor qual-ity and the 3D � nite element model can easily become unmanageable. This extra effort requires experience and time.

• The intersection of surfaces may result in thin lay-ers with very � at poor quality elements even in case of previously smoothed surfaces. In this case manual mesh adaption is necessary, which often is an elaborate task.

• Even though new layers are added using an inter-section technique as described above, neighbor clusters sometimes do not have congruent corner nodes. This results in voids in the model, which can be easily overseen. To identify such gaps and if present, delete them, requires a test calculation each time after adding a new layer.

Step 4: Subsequent import of the resulting CAD surfaces in PLAXIS Input and intersection with the already existing subsurface or waste body layers


Applied softwareThe processing of the over� ight data (generation of isohypses, triangulation) was performed using GeoCAD®. The subsequent preprocessing of the resulting surfaces was carried out with AutoCAD®. The generation of the 3D � nite element model as well as the performance and evaluation of the numerical analyses was accomplished using PLAXIS 3D 2012.

3D � nite element modelGeometry, Finite Element Mesh and Constitutive ModelsThe geometry of the 3D-FE model depicted in Fig. 5 is the result of the procedure described above. One main goal is to reproduce the geometry as realistically as possible, the other is to obtain a manageable FE model.

The mesh of the complete model consisting of 464.917 10-noded tetrahedron elements is depicted in Fig. 5. The model measures 2000 m in width and length and 246 m in height. While the “Hardening Soil Small Strain Model” (HSsmall) is used for the description of the mechanical behaviour of the soils, “Hardening Soil Model” (HS) is employed for the waste body. The � rst one was chosen to model the behaviour of the soil with a sophisticated model taking into account not only a stress-dependent stiffness but also the in� uence of a change in direction of deformation on stiffness and reducing the range of in� uence of the settlements due to the back� ll of waste. This range of in� uence is often over-predicted by simpler models as the elastic ideal plastic model with Mohr/Coulomb failure criterion (MC). For the waste for

which no experimental data was available the HS model was chosen.

The behaviour of the circumferential dams made of ash, scoria and concrete and the loose ash deposits are modelled with the aid of the MC model with an approximation for concrete like materials with respect to tensile strength (cf. [R3]).

The choice of relevant parameters for the above mentioned models is based on [R1] and [R2] and experience.

Fig. 6 depicts the sealing wall system consisting of two parallel plate rows in the 3D FE model with iso-tropic linear-elastic material behaviour. The narrow

Figure 2: Over� ight data (left), mesh of triangles of respective surface (right) (Example: construction stage 1998)


walls have a virtual thickness of 25 cm and a very low stiffness thus they do not provide any extra stiffness in the soil during the deformation prognosis of the whole system. The slurry trench walls in case of depths below 25 m have a virtual thickness of 50 cm and a higher stiffness comparable to bentonite walls.

Calculation SequenceAltogether 17 different steps considering relevant construction stages up to the projected � nal height were modelled and analyzed. During all stages it was assumed that the impermeable (tertiary) clay layer contained no free groundwater, thus no changes in pore water pressure could develop due to the construction works.

Relevant resultsDisplacements of the sealing wall chamber systemFig. 6 depicts the deformed shape of the sealing wall chamber system for the � nal stage. The maximum absolute value of total displacements adds up to 3.3 cm (cf. Fig. 7). The main displacements of the circumferential sealing walls occur horizontally in perpendicular direction. It can be seen, that the corner areas are non-critical.

Displacements of the waste disposal bodyFig. 8 shows the predicted vertical displacements (settlements negative) for the � nal construction stage. The results show, that no local settlement troughs have developed despite back� lling to the desired � nal height. This also suggests that the waste body will settle evenly by approximately 3.7 m in the � nal stage.

It is planned to water the waste disposal in the future to intensify biological degradation processes. In this context inclinometers will be installed in relevant regions to obtain data for a validation of the 3D � nite element model. In other areas additional inclinometers will be installed for general monitoring purposes even though the presented numerical analysis leaves little to no doubt about the agreeability of the seal-ing wall displacements, i.e. no damages or loss of serviceability have to be expected for the situation as described here in short.

Figure 4: Unsmoothed 3D surface (left), Smoothed and simpli� ed 3D FE surface imported in PLAXIS (right) (Example: construction stage 1998)

Figure 5: 3D FE model of the whole waste disposal site for the � nal stage with depiction of the different geometries of the circumferential dams


Figure 3: Surface prior to (left) and after (right) smoothing (Example: construction stage 1998)


ConclusionsApplying the methodology described above, it was possible to model the actual complex geometry of Austria’s largest waste disposal site. Even with modern software it is still a very elaborate task to obtain a realistic, functional and manageable 3D model from over� ight data.

The results of the presented 3D FE analysis show that the displacements of the system due to the foreseen heightening of the body of the waste disposal site Rautenweg up to 45 m does not result in a reduction of functionality of the sealing wall chamber system. Especially the outwards movements of the corners of this system are not noteworthy, i.e. these regions can be considered uncritical.

Figure 6: Undeformed and deformed FE model of the sealing wall system for the � nal stage

Figure 8: Settlements of the waste body (� nal construction stage)Figure 7: Total displacements of the sealing wall chamber system


References• [R1] Schreiner, Michael: Untersuchungen über das

Verformungsverhalten einer Deponieböschung mittels des FE-Programmes PLAXIS, Diplomarbeit Nr. 207, Institut für Geotechnik der Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, 1998

• [R2] Zehetner, Daniela: Verformungs- und Standsi-cherheitsbeurteilungen an einem Deponiekörper, Diplomarbeit Nr. 256, Institut für Geotechnik der Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, 2000

• [R3] v.Wolffersdorff, P.-A. et al.: Scherkondetal-brücke – Untersuchungen zum Interaktionsverhalten zwischen Brückenwiderlager und Anschlussdamm, In: Ohde Kolloqium 2009, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany


Plaxis new solutions

In the last months Plaxis introduced several new solu-tions based on customers' requests. New solutions are:

• PLAXIS Online training• PLAXIS Subscriptions• PLAXIS Customization

About PLAXIS Online trainingOnline training was developed to provide great convenience with minimal disruption to your work schedule, reducing training costs by eliminating the need for travel from the of� ce or having PLAXIS instructors reach your place.

An example of an Online training class could be a standard introduction to PLAXIS course for a group of PLAXIS users delivered in a private virtual class-room at their work location. A private training could also include customized content for the participants attending the private training class.

Online training could be organised as private ses-sions like the aforementioned examples but are also

regurlarly organised in the form of public events on a speci� c topic according to a prede� ned format. Public Online trainings are announced on:www.plaxis.com/events

For an overview of readily available on demand Online training topics you can visit our website:www.plaxis.com/expertservices

For more information on tailored Online training and pricing please contact [email protected]

PLAXIS delivers � rst on demand Online trainingBlank-Lehrer Engineering Company Ltd completed their Online training session in May 2016. Five of their geotechnical consultants participated in four Online training sessions related to the use of PLAXIS 3D for modelling deep excavation with complex shoring system, dewatering and construction of piled-foundation. The content of the training was entirely tailormade based on an existing customer project to optimally match Blank-Lehrer consultants' needs in the most ef� cient way possible. Each Online

training session lasted between 1.5 to 2 hours and had been scheduled independently over a period of a month at the most convenient time. The sessions took place via GoToTraining. The Online training enabled Blank and Lehrer consultants' to get familiar with all relevant PLAXIS 3D modelling features and identify the key points in building advanced 3D models so that they now feel con� dent in building them on their own in the future.

PLAXIS SubscriptionsTo help you anticipate on the � uctuations in the annual workload, we introduced annual Subscriptions. No matter if your are a big or small company, you have the advantage to simply subscribe to the product of your choice when you need it. Subscriptions can also be used to temporarily boost the licence capacity to cope with high project workload.

PLAXIS CustomizationTo meet the growing demand of tailored solutions we recently introduced PLAXIS Customization.

These professional services are aimed at speci� c user requirements in addition to the standard PLAXIS functionality. Customization may not necessarily involve speci� c features in PLAXIS, it could also deals with functionality to interact with the software (using the PLAXIS API) to make it more suitable or ef� cient for particular applications, or to integrate it with the user’s work environment. Examples of possible customization projects are:

• Import of soil data from databases and translation into PLAXIS models and parameters

• Fast creation of PLAXIS models for standard appli-cations (foundations, excavations, embankments, piles) based on templates

• Facilitating parameter variations for sensitivity analysis, probabilistic analysis, parameter opti-misation or inverse analysis

• Implementation of speci� c constitutive models as user-de� ned soil model

Want to know more what PLAXIS Customization can do for your business, please contact [email protected]

Figure 1: Total displacements of the sealing wall chamber system


In addition to national events, this also includes (smaller) regional and local conferences and seminars. We’ll exhibit at GeoVancouver and at the annual DFI conference in October, as well as at the Geotechnical Frontiers conference in Orlando in March. Plaxis will present technical papers at GeoVancouver and at the Geotechnical Frontiers conference.

Additionally, Plaxis Americas will provide a presenta-tion on slope stability analysis using � nite element method at the 47th Annual Southeastern Trans-portation Geotechnical Engineering Conference (STGEC) in Biloxi, Mississippi, in November. At STGEC, geotechnical engineers from state Departments of Transportation are expected to be a large portion of the total attendance.

If you like to know when -and where- you can meet us in person, make sure you receive our electronic newsletters, check the online list of upcoming events,

PLAXIS 3D 2016The recently released PLAXIS 3D 2016 most notably provides an enormous reduction of the modelling time for Tunnelling projects. The de� nition of the tunnel excavation sequence in the Tunnel designer and the automatic generation of the construction stage based on the de� ned sequence make it pos-sible to de� ne a full tunnelling project with a tenfold of calculation phases in a matter of minutes. Change to the tunnel geometry path or sequence can also easily be perform with a fast regeneration of the model including its staged construction settings.This version is also the � rst full 64-bit release. Together with the improvements in the import facilities and the switch to full parametric geometry the program can now deal even easily with complex geo-engineering projects equipping PLAXIS with all the right tools for the future.

PLAXIS Americas In June 2016, a well attended advanced course took place in Seattle. With the 2D and 3D Dynamics modules being widely used on the West Coast of the US and Canada, two course days were dedicated to dynamic analysis and earthquake engineering problems. Topics included soil properties and damping in dynamics analysis, determination of natural frequencies, ground response analysis and liquefaction analysis. Local professors Steve Kramer and Pedro Arduino provided several guest lectures. Plaxis staff at this course consisted of Ronald Brinkgreve and support engineer Sean Johnson. The next course will be the standard course in Chicago in early November.

In the past months, Plaxis Americas exhibited at several conferences in North America, including at the international World Tunnel Congress in San Francisco in April, ASCE’s Geo-Chicago in August, the annual United States Society on Dams conference in Denver in April, and the 41st Southwest Geotechnical Engineers Conference in Olathe in May. At the latter event, Plaxis Americas provided a plenary presentation on slopes stability and safety analysis. We’ll continue to present and exhibit at a variety of events across the US and Canada.

or follow us on social media. We look forward to meeting you!

PLAXIS course in TeheranThanks to the lifting of sanctions against Iran, we were able to have the the PLAXIS course on Computational Geotechnics in Tehran, Iran. The course was organised in collaboration with the Iranian Geotechnical Society in the last week of September. The 26 participants were very eager to learn the backgrounds on calcula-tion methods and soil constitutive models available, as well as working with the latest PLAXIS versions.

New website is coming soon! At this moment we are working hard on the new website. We want to make the new website faster, easier to navigate, and more user-friendly. Also special content for our PLAXIS VIP subscribers will be provided on the new website. More information is coming soon.

Recent activities

Figure 2: New website impression

Title Title

16 Jalan Kilang Timor#05-08 Redhill Forum

159308 Singapore

P.O. Box 572 2600 AN Delft

The Netherlands

Plaxis Americas Of� ce USA

Tel +1 650 804 4729

www.plaxis.comTel +31 (0)15 2517 720Fax +31 (0)15 2573 107

Plaxis AsiaPac Pte LtdSingapore

Tel +65 6325 4191

Plaxis bvComputerlaan 14

2628 XK Delft

2500 Wilcrest DriveSuite 300

Houston TX 77042

www.plaxis.com/jobsFore more information about our vacancies please take a look at our website

12 - 15 OctoberDFI 41th Annual Conference onDeep FoundationsNew York City, NY, USA

12 - 14 October10th Austrian Tunnel Day &65th Geomechanics Colloquium 2016Salzburg, Austria

14 OctoberWorkshopExcavation Modelling in Civil Environment with PLAXIS 2DGoteborg, Sweden

24 - 27 OctoberStandard Course on Computational Geotechnics Brisbane, Australia

2 - 4 NovemberStandard Course onComputational GeotechnicsChicago, IL, USA

3 - 4 NovemberWorkshop & SymposiumThermal Flow and Frozen/Unfrozen SoilDelft, The Netherlands

7 - 10 November STGEC 2016 ConferenceBiloxi, MS, USA

7 - 10 NovemberModélisation Numérique des Ouvrages Géotechniques avec PLAXIS 2DParis, France

13 - 15 NovemberStandard Course on Computational GeotechnicsDubai, UAE

14 - 18 NovemberStandard Course onComputational GeotechnicsChili, Valparaiso

23 - 26 NovemberXXVIII Reuni6n Nacional de Conferences Mecanica de Suelo e lngenierfa GeotecnicaMérida, Mexico

23 NovemberWorkshop Soft Soil and Unsaturated Soil as part of the Mexican National ConferenceMérida, Mexico

28 NovemberWorkshop Offshore FoundationsCopenhagen, Denmark

8 DecemberWorkshop onMaterial Models and Parameters in PLAXISDelft, The Netherlands

9 DecemberWorkshop onAutomated Work� ow in PLAXISDelft, The Netherlands

23 - 26 JanuaryStandard Course onGeotechnical GeotechnicsHoofddorp, The Netherlands

12 - 15 MarchGeotechnical Frontiers ConferenceOrlando, FL, USA

18 - 20 April Euro Tunnel 2017 ConferenceInnsbruck, Austria

4 JuneRETC 2017 ConferenceSan Diego, CA, USA

Upcoming events 2016 - 2017

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