reading a task 2 text task 3 task 1 task 4 task 6 task 7 task 8 task 5 task 9 reading a

Reading A

Task 2 Text

Task 3

Task 1

Task 4

Task 6

Task 7

Task 8

Task 5

Task 9

Reading A

Try to work out the meanings of the highlighted words with

the help of other words. 1. She betrayed her friends by breaking her promise. hurt or disappoint 2. Don’t underestimate what you can do to help. If

your child needs help with a drug problem you may be the best person to help.

form too low an estimate/opinion of

Reading A Task 1

A-Task 1-1

3. He later said it was not a planned action. It was done on the spur of the moment.

not planned beforehand/in advance 4. A policeman has the authority to arrest law-

breakers. right to act in a specific way 5. Their rebellious son has been giving them a lot of

headaches; he never does what they want him to do. hard to control

Reading A Task 1

A-Task 1-2

Reading A Task 2 Text

A-Text-1

The Younger Generation

It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems; and that they have no sense of humor — at least in parent-child relationships.

critical blame


A-Text-2

It is true that parents often underestimate their children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.


A-Text-3

For example, young people like doing things on the spur of the moment: it is one of their ways of showing that they can accept a challenge. Older people worry more easily; most of them plan things in advance, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something unexpected.

on the spur of the moment, plan things in advance


A-Text-4

Young people also make it harder for their parents to trust them because they like to shock them. They say things like “Everybody we know drives at ninety miles an hour”, or “We’ve all decided we won’t study for our final examinations—it’s useless.”

trust shock


A-Text-5

Young people often make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, hairstyles and music. This is not their main motive. They feel cut off from the adult world, into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Ten, if it turns out that their music or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles upset their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.

motive superior


A-Text-6

Sometimes young people are rebellious and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do. If the parents did approve, it looks as if they are betraying their own age group. But in that case, they are assuming that they are on the weak side: they can’t win but at least they can keep their honour. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough, after long years of childhood, when they were completely under their parents’ control. But it ignores the fact that they are now beginning to be responsible for themselves. rebellious ignore


A-Text-7

If a young man plans to control his life, cooperation can be part of that plan. He can charm others, especially parents, into doing things the way he wants. He can impress others with his sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give him the authority to do what he wants to do.

co-operation impress


年轻一代

年轻人常常会挑剔父母，将两代人之间的大部分误解归咎于父母，这种想法是很自然的。他们总抱怨父母脱离现代生活方式，不放心让他们独立面对困境，在某些问题上喋喋不休，缺少幽默感——至少与子女们相处时如此。这些抱怨多少也有些道理。

Translation-1


的确，父母们常低估他们的孩子，也忘记了自己年轻时的感受。

Translation-2


举个例子说，年轻人做事总爱凭一时的冲动。其实这是他们表现自己能迎接挑战的方式之一。长辈们则遇事三分愁，多数人往往提前做好计划，至少也要先想清楚，而不愿让意外情况搅乱自己的计划。

Translation-3


年轻人常使父母感到震惊，这让父母更难以信任他们。他们常说 : “ 我们认识的人开车都飙到九十英里”或是“我们都不打算为期末考试做准备，因为那没用”。

Translation-4


年轻人总在服装、发型、音乐的选择上惹父母生气，但他们并非刻意如此。他们只是感到与成人的世界隔绝，还不为成人世界所接受，所以他们创造了自己的文化和社交圈。如果他们的音乐、语言、服饰或发型让父母烦恼，他们会感到格外开心，至少他们觉得比父母稍胜一筹，他们是时尚与品味的弄潮儿。

Translation-5


有时年轻人表现出反叛和傲慢，希望父母不赞同他们的所作所为。如果父母真的赞同，他们反倒像背叛了自己的群体。但在那种情形下，他们认为自己处于弱势，不可能取胜，但至少能保住自己的尊严。这其实是一种消极的态度，不过也很自然，毕竟在漫长的孩提时代，他们完全生活在父母的掌控之中。可是这忽略了一个事实，那就是他们开始要为自己负责。

Translation-6


年轻人如果计划主宰自己的生活，那么与人合作可作为该计划的一部分。他可以争取别人——特别是父母——按他的意愿行事，可以凭责任感和主动性去影响他们，使他们放手让他做想做的事。

Translation-7


critical

a. tending to find fault

e.g.e.g. He has apologized for his critical remarks about the referee.

be critical of:

e.g.e.g. His report is highly critical of the trial judge.e.g.e.g. Why is mum so critical of everything I do?

critical


blame

blame (for)

v. to hold responsibility

blame… on/for…: e.g.e.g. They blamed the failure on George.e.g.e.g. They blamed George for the failure.

be to blame: to be responsiblee.g.e.g. She is not to blame for the accident.e.g.e.g. The hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.


complain

complain (about)

v. to express dissatisfaction or unhappiness

e.g.e.g. The neighbors complained to the police about thenoise.

e.g.e.g. The American couple complained that the jewels were too expensive.


in touch with

in/out touch with

in/out of touch (with): having/not having the latest information about something/somebody

e.g.e.g. Please write. It would be nice to keep in touch.

e.g.e.g. I’m out of touch with my middle school classmates now.


sense of humor

sense of humor

the ability to understand or enjoy things that are funny, or to make people laugh

e.g.e.g. The actor has a good senseof humor.

e.ge.g. Come on, lighten up! Where's your sense of humor?


underestimate

underestimate

v. to think that something is smaller, cheaper, less important, etc. than it really is

e.g.e.g. People often underestimate the importance of training.

e.g.e.g. He had to admit that he had underestimated the difficulty of the task.


spur

do something on the spur of the moment

to do something suddenly, without thinking about it before you do it

e.g.e.g. On the spur of the moment she picked up the phone and called the Director.

e.g.e.g. He acted on the spur of the moment without thought of the future.


challenge

challenge

n. a demanding or difficult task; a stimulating test of abilities

e.g.e.g. The new government’s first challenge is the economy.

e.g.e.g. This job is too dull. I want one with more challenge.


upset

upset

v. to cause something to go wrong; to make somebody worried or unhappy

e.ge.g. Her plans were upset by the weather.

e.ge.g. What he did upset all his friends.


motive

motive

n. a cause or reason for action

e.g.e.g. In a case of murder, the police question everyonewho might have a motive.e.ge.g. I think you should examine their motives in offering to lend you the money.


cut off

cut off

cut off: to separate from others

e.g.e.g. Without a car we feel very cut off.

e.g.e.g. A storm cut off power to the whole region.


turn out

turn out

turn out: to prove to be the case; to have a particular result

e.g.e.g. We shall see how things turn out.

e.ge.g. David’s forecast turned out to be quite wrong.

e.ge.g. It turned out that his experiment was a great success.


superior

superior

superior (to): a. higher in position or better in quality/value

e.g.e.g. He thinks he’s superior to us because his father’san important man.

e.ge.g. For all babies, breastfeeding is far superior to bottlefeeding.


approve

approve

approve of: to like; to be pleased about

e.g.e.g. I don’t approve of people wasting time.

e.g.e.g. I thoroughly approve of what the government is doing.


betray

betray

v. to be disloyal or unfaithful to

e.g.e.g. She betrayed her friends by breaking her promise.

e.g.e.g. In wartime many people accused of betraying their country were executed.


assume

assume

assume: v. (+ that-clause) to take or accept as being true without proof

e.g.e.g. I assumed that he was there.

e.g.e.g. If he’s not here in ten minutes, we can assume that he won’t come.


passive

passive

a. not active

e.g.e.g. His passive attitude made things more difficult for me.

e.g.e.g. The young man was very passive when facing difficulties.


ignore

ignore

v. to refuse to accept or take notice

e.g.e.g. For decades her talents were ignored by the film industry.

e.g.e.g. She was scolded because she ignored the speed limit when driving.


responsible

responsible

a. having the duty to look after someone or something and will be blamed for failing to do that

e.g.e.g. You are responsible to your mother for keeping the house tidy.

e.g.e.g. The teacher made me responsible to her for keeping the class in order when she went out.


impress

impress

v. to affect or influence deeply

e.g.e.g. What impressed him most was their speed.

e.g.e.g. The thing that impress me the most about his books is the way he draws his characters.


initiative

initiative

n. the first movement or act which starts something happening

e.g.e.g. She was disappointed by his lack of initiative.

e.g.e.g. They took the initiative to make apologies to us.

Reading A Task 3

A-Task-3

Put the following statements in the correct order according to the reading on Page 21.

A. Young people create a culture and society of their own.B. Young people sometimes look at things passively.C. Cooperation can be part of your plan in controlling your life.D. Children and parents think differently about making plans.E. Children’s complaints about their parents are sometimes

fair.F. Young people’s words can sometimes surprise their parents.Key: 1.E 2.D 3.F 4.A 5.B 6.C

Reading A Task 4

A-Task 4-1

Work in pairs. Find the supporting details for the following ideas from the reading.

Ideas Details

Children complain that their parents…

are out of touch with modern ways; do not trust them; talk too much; have no sense of humor

When doing things , parents and children are different.

parents plan carefully; children do things on the spur of the moment; parents don’t like their plans to be upset by somethingunexpected; children like challenges

Reading A Task 4

A-Task 4-2

Young people shock their parents in various ways.

drive at ninety miles per hour; won’t study for final examination; clothes; hairstyle; music; vocabulary

Young people sometimes look at things passively.

rebellious and proud; don’t want their parents to approve of what they do; can’t win

Young people can impress others.

sense of responsibility and initiative; cooperation

Fill in the blanks with words or phrases.

i_______ fill somebody with a feeling of pleasure or respectu _______ cause something to go wrong i _______ take no notice ofa _______ take or accept as being true without proofc _______ express feelings of unhappiness, etc.a _______ agree tos _______ good or better in quality or value, etc.c ____ ____ separate somebody/something from others i ____ ____ ahead in time t ____ ____ prove to be the case; result

Reading A Task 5

A-Task 5

mpresspsetgnoressumeomplainpproveuperiorut offn advanceurn out

Complete the following sentences with words or phrases fromTask 5. Change word forms if necessary.

1. I’m sure our products are ________ to theirs in quality.2. It is wrong to _______ that South America and North

America are two similar continents. 3. The subject of the talk is announced a week __________ but the name of the speaker is not.4. It seems that nobody will ________ of the suggestion I made at the meeting yesterday.5. The American couple ___________ about the high cost of visiting Europe.

Reading A Task 6

A-Task 6-1

superior

in advance

assume

approve

complained

6. When doing experiments, don’t ______ the mistakes that you made last time.7. These overseas students __________ from all contact with their homeland.8. This beautiful city _________ me deeply with its high speed of development.9. Our plan to go shopping on weekend __________ by her sudden visit.10. It ___________ that I knew the person who got shot on the street this morning.

Reading A Task 6

A-Task 6-2

ignore

were cut off

impressed

was upset

turned out

1. The little boy __________ to his parents about ____________.2. We can ___________ your plan if _____________________.3. Sometimes if a student fails in an exam, his parents _______ that ________________________.4. When the whole area was _______ by the food, the government ______________________________.5. People thought he was from USA, but it ________ that he _________________ .

Reading A Task 7

A-Task 7

approve of assume complain cut off turn out

complained

he didn’t study hard enough

approve of you can fulfill it in time

sent foot there by helicopter

assume

cut off

being hungry

turned outwas from Australia

Reading A Task 8

A-Task 8-1

Model 1: natural, young people are critical of their parents at times—It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times.

1. pleasant, I meet you in London unexpectedly It is pleasant for me to meet you in London unexpectedly.2. hard, we finish this task as they required It is hard for us to finish this task as they required.3. difficult, they meet your needs in such a short time It is difficult for them to meet your needs in such a short time.4. too late, he proves himself to be the right person for that job It is too late for him to prove himself to be the right person for

that job.5. useless, you apologize to him for your rudeness It is useless for you to apologize to him for your rudeness.

Reading A Task 8

A-Task 8-2

Model 2: Finally, they find that their clothes and hairstyles shock their parents.

—It turns out that their clothes and hairstyles shock their parents.Or: —Their clothes and hairstyles turn out to shock their parents.

1. Finally, it was proved that her story was true. Her story turned out to be true.2. At last, we proved that he was a cheat. He turned out to be a cheat.3. Surprisingly, she was the daughter of one of my old friends. It turned out that she was the daughter of one of my old

friends.

Reading A Task 8

A-Task 8-3

4. In the end, we found that they had known our purpose from the beginning. It turned out that they had known our purpose from the

beginning.5. Instead of being cloudy, it was really a fine day today.

It turned out to be a fine day today.

Reading A Task 9

A-Task 9

Translate the following sentences into English paying attention to the highlighted parts.

1. 汤姆汉语考试得高分是自然的事。 It is natural for Tom to score high on the Chinese test.2. 他们的计划被一些突如其来的事打乱了。 Their plan was upset by something unexpected.3. 她的努力给老师留下了深刻的印象。 She impressed her teacher with her hard work.4. 一切都在我们控制之中。 Everything is under our control.5. 如果不能来上课请提前请假。 Please ask for leave in advance if you can’t attend a class.

Reading B & C

Reading B & Reading C

Text

Reading B

Task

Reading C

Text & Task

Reading B Text

Seven Ways of Successful Parenting

1. Be There Let your child talk. What was his day like? Ask, “How did

that make you feel?” Allow your child to openly express ideas, feelings and worries. Listen. Do not lecture. Encourage your child to express feelings creatively.

2. Be Consistent Establish a reliable routine. A clear and consistent routine

helps a child feel safe, and helps a child learn what is right and wrong. Be consistent!

B-text-1

Reading B Text

3. Let Your “No” Be No If you say “no” to your child, make sure you both

understand what that means and keep to the rule. Then act quickly, firmly and safely when it is challenged. Carry out any threatened punishment. Your child wants to know that your “no” means no.

4. No Secrets Tell your child it is never good to keep a secret that feels

bad or confusing.

B-text-2

Reading B Text

5. Never Hit in Anger Research has shown that hitting your child does not

help, and can do more damage. Try to keep away from hitting your child in anger.

6. No Shouting Allowed Words hurt, too. Do not shout at your child in anger. If

he breaks a rule, tell him what he did wrong and why that makes you angry. Be angry at what he did, NOT at who he is.

B-text-3

Reading B Text

7. Get Away When you feel upset or angry, let your feelings out safely

away from your child. Call a friend over or leave your child with someone you trust. Get out. Do not stay alone with your child when you are overwhelmed. Get help and support.

B-text-4

Reading B Text

parenting

n. the skills of looking after children as a parent

e.g.e.g. They aim to improve family relationships and parenting skills in order to reduce the possibility of family break-up.

e.g.e.g. Parenting is not fully valued by society.

parenting

Reading B Text

creatively

ad. in a creative manner

e.g.e.g. This article tells us how to think, work and

live more creatively.

e.g.e.g. Genet teaches you to think creatively.

creatively

Reading B

consistent

a. being in agreement with itself; coherent and uniform

e.g.e.g. The last five years have seen aconsistent improvement in the country’seconomy.

e.ge.g. Thank you for your consistent support of me.

consistent

Reading B

reliable

a. capable of being relied on; dependable

e.g.e.g. I don’t think he is a reliable man.

e.g.e.g. She was efficient and reliable.

reliable

Reading B

routine

n. a prescribed, detailed course of action to be followed regularly; a standard procedure

e.g.e.g. They did it as a matter of routine.

e.ge.g. The players had to change their daily routine and lifestyle.

routine

Reading B

threatened

threatened

a. likely in the near future to become endangered; being presented a danger

e.ge.g. He felt threatened by the new genius his office hired.

e.g.e.g. They threatened the shopkeeper with a gun.

Reading B

confusing

a. lacking clarity of meaning; causing confusion or disorientation

e.g.e.g. The instructions on the box are veryconfusing.

e.ge.g. The statement is highly confusing.

confusing

Reading B

overwhelm

v. to affect deeply in mind or emotion

e.g.e.g. Despair overwhelmed me.

e.ge.g. The need to talk with someone, anyone overwhelmed her.

overwhelm

Reading B

B-task

Read the passage. Decide which are the positive ways of parenting and which are negative.

statements Positive Negative

Lecture when your child wants to express his feelings.

Keep a clear routine.

Buy candy for your child even if you said, “I won’t

ever buy anything that does harm to your teeth.”

Tell your child not to keep a secret from you.

Hit your child when he makes you angry.

Shout at your child, saying he is stupid.

Stay away from your child when you get angry.

√√

√√

√√

√

Reading C text

C-text-1

Read the passage and fill in each blank with the appropriate word or phrase given below.

called decision developed explain habithard more one another owned then The Experience of Being a Twin

Scientists investigated many twins who had been brought up together, and found it was (1) _________ to explain exactly the reasons for certain similarities. They might have been genetic, but they might just as well have been caused by the twins’ living closely with (2)__________.

hard

one another

However, the twins—James Lewis and James Springer were different. They were adopted by different families a few weeks after they were born. They did not meet again for 39 years. They showed the most surprising similarities in their lives: • Both married girls called Linda, were divorced and (3)_____ married women called Betty.• James Lewis named his first son James Alan. James Springer (4)_______ his son James Allan.

Reading C text

C-text-2

then

called

• When they were boys, both (5) _______ dogs called Toy.

• Both had worked for McDonald’s.• Both had the (6) ______ of biting their finger-nails.• Both had Chevrolet cars and spent holidays at the

same Florida seashore.• They had similar sleeping problems. Both suffered

from the same type of headache which (7) _________ when they were 18.

Reading C text

C-text-3

owned

habit

developed

How can one try to (8) _______ so many coincidences? What makes them act in a certain way and make the same (9) ________? It seems that (10) _________ aspects of our behavior are influenced by genetic factors than we imagined.

Reading C text

C-text-4

explain

decision more

Reading C

similarity

n. the quality or condition of being similar; resemblance

e.ge.g. They have too many similarities.

e.ge.g. There are astonishing similarities between my brother and my first-born son.

similarity

Reading C

a. of or relating to genetics or genes

e.ge.g. He chose genetic engineering to be his lifelong career.

e.ge.g. Scientists have used genetic engineering to protect tomatoes against the effects of freezing.

genetic

genetic

Reading C

adopt

v. to take into one’s family through legal means and raise as one’s own child

e.ge.g. As they had no children of their own, they adopted an orphan.

e.ge.g. He adopted a new attitude towards his job.

adopt

Reading B

coincidence

n. a surprising and unexpected situation in which two things that are connected happen at the same time, in the same place, or to the same people

e.ge.g. What a coincidence that I was in Paris at the same time as you!

e.ge.g. By some strange coincidence, he was passing the house just when it happened.

coincidence

Reading B

influence

v. to affect the nature, development, or condition of; modify

e.ge.g. The weather influences crops.

e.ge.g. She’s very good at making friends and influencing people.

influence

Reading B

factor

n. one of several things that influence or cause a situation

e.ge.g. Surprise is the greatest factor in war.

e.ge.g. Price will be a major factor in the success of this new product.

factor

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