Realidades 2Realidades 2 Capítulo 5BCapítulo 5B

Present Participles / Los Participios Presentes Present Participles / Los Participios Presentes Study guide / Worksheet / PowerpointStudy guide / Worksheet / Powerpoint

What you are doing now, Spanish What you are doing now, Spanish present participles, is a review. present participles, is a review. You studied this concept in Capítulo 3B, You studied this concept in Capítulo 3B, page 171. page 171. This concept Is revisited in this chapter,This concept Is revisited in this chapter,Capítulo 5B, page 277. Stem-changes are Capítulo 5B, page 277. Stem-changes are NOT given to you in testing/writing activities. NOT given to you in testing/writing activities. Learn them as you go along. Put them into Learn them as you go along. Put them into ““verb families”verb families” as is done on this study guide. as is done on this study guide.

Important points to keep in mind about Spanish present participles:

I. For regular verbs, drop…

AR of AR verbs and add andoando hablar > hablando (speaking, talking)

ER of ER verbs and IR of IR verbs and add iendo comer > comiendo (eating)

vivir > viviendo (living)

II. “IR” stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle. They are…

e > irepetir (i) > repitiendo (repeating)divertirse (ie) > divirtiéndose (having fun, having a good time) o > u morir (ue) > muriendo (dying) dormir (ue) > durmiendo (sleeping)

III. Some verbs have irregular present participles and just have to be memorized.

reírse > riéndose (laughing)

sonreír > sonriendo (smiling)

ir > yendo (going)

IV. Verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and –aer–aer verbs will end in yendo. Note the following:

caer > cayó cayeron > cayendo (falling)

destruir > destruyó destruyeron > destruyendo (destroying)

traeraer > trayendo (bringing)

V. Add (reflexive, indirect, direct) object pronouns to the end of present participles, AND use an accent!! See divertirse and reírse on your notes used previously.

probarse (ue) > probándose (trying on)

aprenderlo > aprendiéndolo (learning it)

escribirle > escribiéndole (writing to him, to her, to you)

Escribe el participio presente del infinitivo en español y su equivalente en inglés. Sigue el modelo.

I. Regular Verbs / Los Verbos Regulares

modelo: escuchar (to listen) - escuchando > listening

AR verbs

1. hablar (to speak) –

2. esperar (to wait) –

hablar

3

ando speaking

esperarando waiting

3. estudiar (to study) –

4. dar (to give) –

5. cepillarse (to brush) –

estudiarando studying

darando giving

cepillarseándose brushing

ER verbs

6. correr (to run) –

7. hacer (to do, to make) –

correriendo running

haceriendo doing, making

8. ofrecer (to offer) –

9.escoger (to choose) –

ofreceriendo offering

escogeriendo choosing

IR verbs

10. subir (to climb) –

11.ocurrir (to occur, to happen) –

12. escribirse (to write to each other) –

sub

ocurr

escrib

iriendo climbing

iriendo occurring, happening

irseiéndose writing to each other

II. Stem-changing verbs / Los verbos con cambios ortográficos

AR stem-changing verbsRemember these verbs have NO stem-change. 13. contar (ue) (to count;to tell) –

14. recordar (ue) (to remember;to remind) –

15. cerrar (ie) (to close) –

cont

record

cerr

arando counting;telling

arando remembering;reminding

arando closing

16. probarse (ue) (to try on) –

2

17. despertarse (ie) (to wake up) - -

18. empezar (ie) (to begin) -

prob

despert

empez

arseándose trying on

arseándose waking up

arando beginning

19. comenzar (ie) (to begin) -

20. jugar (ue) (to play) -

21. almorzar (ue) (to have lunch) -

comenz

jug

almorz

arando beginning

arando playing

arando having lunch

ER stem-changing verbs

Remember these verbs have NO stem-change. 22. entender (ie) (to understand) -

23 devolver (ue) (to return (an item)) -

entend

devolv

eriendo understanding

eriendo returning (an item)

IR stem-changing verbs

Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!!

24. dormir (ue) (to sleep) –

25. despedirse (i) (to say good-bye) -

26. decir (i) (to say, to tell) -

dorm

desped

dec

iriendo sleepingu

i

i iendo saying, telling

irseiéndose saying good-bye

ir

27. divertirse (ie) (to have fun, to have a good time) -

28. mentir (ie) (to lie) -

29. morir (ue) (to die) -

Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!!

divert

ment

mor

i irseiéndose having fun, having a good time

i iriendo lying

u iriendo dying

30. pedir (i) (to ask for, to request) -

31. repetir (i) (to repeat) -

32. seguir (i) (to follow;to continue) -

ped

repet

segu

i iriendo asking for, requesting

i iriendo repeating

i iriendo following;continuing

Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!!

33. servir (i) (to serve) -

34. venir (ie) (to come) -

serv

ven

iri iendo serving

i iriendo coming

Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!!

35. vestir (i) (to dress) –

36. vestirse (i) (to get dressed) -

vest

vest

ir

irse

i iendo dressing

i iéndose getting dressed

Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!!

III. Irregular present participles / Los participios presentes irregulares These just have to be memorized!!

37. reírse (to laugh) -

3

38. sonreír (to smile) -

39. ir (to go) –

riéndose laughing

sonriendo smiling

yendo going

40. ccaeraersese (to fall (down)) –Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite:

se cayó se cayeron

41. creer creer (to believe) –Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite:

creyó creyeron

cayéndose falling down

creyendo believing

IV. Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo.

42. leerleer (to read) –Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite:

leyó leyeron

43. destruir (to destroy) –Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite:

destruyó destruyeron

Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo.

leyendo reading

destruyendo destroying

44.44.oír oír (to hear) –Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite:

oyó oyeron

45.45.trtraeraer (to bring) -

Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo.

Remember the verbs that end in –aer.

oyendo hearing

trayendo bringing

Remember to learn what stem-change each verbhas. The stem-changes are NOT given to you in testing and writing activities.

It is expected that you will have learned them. It is much easier if you put them into “verb families” as is the case on this study guide.

4

4

Remember that Spanish present participles are often used with the verb ESTAR!!!

The present tense of ESTARESTAR + present participle =

the present progressive and indicates what is happening when you make a comment.

El profesor estáestá hablandohablando ahora.

The teacher is talking now.

The imperfect tense of ESTARESTAR + present participlepresent participle =

the imperfect progressive and indicates what waswas happeninghappening at a point in the past.

El profesor estabaestaba hablandohablando.

The teacher was talking.

¡¡El El fin!fin!