recent developements in higher education in france : towards new opportunities to collaborate
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Recent developements in Higher Education in France : towards new opportunities to collaborate . Patricia Pol Vice President Université Paris-Est Bologna expert. Outline of the presentation. The French context : facts and figures II. The French reforms - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Recent developements in Higher Education in France : towards new
opportunities to collaborate
Patricia PolVice President Université Paris-Est
Bologna expert
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Outline of the presentationI. The French context : facts and figuresII. The French reforms - an answer to the European and
international context of competitionIII. The French reforms- a new framework to give opportunities
for cooperation policies
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
I. The French contextFacts and figures
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• Stabilisation of the student population since 2002
2,25 M students in 2006 ( 1,1M in 1980- 1,7 in 1990, 2,1 in 2000)
- 12% foreign student (8% in 1998)• Moderate growth of the enrollment rates in
HE but willingness to increase it- after the « baccalauréat » at 18 : 59%
(success rate of the bac : 70% in 2006)41% (18-25 years) graduated from HE35% (25-35 years) / 50% in Canada, 40% US15% (55-65 years) / 15% Canada, 30% US
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• Low public investment in HE and research
(lower than in the secondary sector, under the European and OECD average)
- Public budget for HE: 15,8 billions euros Harvard : 12 billions dollars…
- The average public expenditure /student/year in a Public university : 7210 euros , in the best « engineering schools » Polytechnique : > 20 000 euros
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
A great diversity of institutions
Mass and research Universities (86) : 67 % studentsNo selection at the entry (except for medical and
technological studies-IUT), low fees (200 -300 euros), high failure rates for the BA level (30%)
4 institutions in the top 100 Shanghaï ranking, 22 in the top 500
Prepa classes and Grandes écoles : « élite schools » (< 10%)
High technicial schools : (BTS) 13%Specialised schools : art, medico-social… 10%Selection, different levels of fees
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
A significant investment in international policies
• Mobility - France is the third or fourth country for incoming
mobile students after the United States, the UK and Germany : 13% of foreign students in the universities but only 20% of Europeans
- A significant national grant policy (100 M euros - BGF (bourses du gouvernement français))
- Second and balanced Erasmus country, a very good position in Eramus Mundus or in the 7th FP
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Trends V, EUA, May 2007
Trends V, EUA, 2007
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• The difficult definition and implementation of international policies
- Compulsory in the « contracts » with the Ministry : from a « volet international » to an integration in the whole policiy
- But an unbalanced investment in the international process
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
II. The French reforms An answer to the European and
international context of competition
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
A very strong incentive : the Bologna process
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
The main steps till 2010
1998La Sorbonne
2000Lisbonne1999
Bologna
2001Pragua
2003Berlin
2005Bergen
2007London
2002 Copenhague
2004 Maastricht
2005Europass
2009Leuven
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Autonomy is a long process…many reforms since 40 years
The 1968 act (loi Faure)Universities become « autonomous » Scientific and
Cultural Public InsitutionsThe 1984 act (loi Savary)Scientific, Cultural and Profesional Public Insitutions
with more autonomyThe LMD reform (2002) : more academic autonomyThe research law (2006) : new facilities to create
consortia (pôles) connecting HE and research(PRES, RTRA, RTRS), a new evaluation agency
(AERES)
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
The Pecresse act : LRU (August 2007)« Freedom and responsabilities »
for universities : A significative reform for the universities :
towardsmore market
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
Still a high commitment in strong values
Equity « égalité des chances »No selection at the entry of the university
for the BA and the master levelLow fees (including for international
students)National degreesDemocratic decision processes
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
More freedom- With the Ministry : more decentralisation• The increasing role of the « contract policy »- Within the internal decision process• Still democratic (election of the president, the
deans, a more restricted administration board)
• But more power for the Presidents- In terms of management• Human resource, financial management
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
New responsabilities, more accountability
• Two new missions -Participate in the European Higher Education and Research area- Student guidance and employability « Orientation active et insertion professionnelle »• Collect more private resourcesThrough private foundations for instance, private contracts• Manage the public funds through a global budget Necessity to define a strategic plan, develop a quality culture and assess the results
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
III. The French reforms New opportunities to cooperate at a national, European and international
level
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
The « PRES » : new forms of cooperation at a national level
• Pôles de recherche et d’enseignement supérieur
Universities + écoles together to be more lisible and more attractive by coordinating their academic and scientific policies
A strong involment of the RegionsFrom 9…. to 15 in 2008 Université européenne de Bretagne, Université
de Lyon, de Bordeaux, de Marseille, Nancy, Toulouse, Universud, Paris-Tech, Paris-Est
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
The second phase of the LMD reform : be more European or
international ?• More European- Aiming at a good use of the academic
recognition tools to increase the lisibility of the curricula
ECTS, student workload, learning outcomes and competences,
Diploma supplement and the professional qualification document (RNCP, Répertoire national des certifications professionnelles)
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• Developing new curriculaIn English (see the Campus France
catalogue) to attract more Finnish…!Specific funds for Joint masters
(Germany, Italy, Tcheque Republic? Greece…), co-tutelle thesis, European doctorate schools
Invited professors
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• Investing more in the participation in the European programmes through the PRES and with the Regions
- Life long learning and Erasmus- 7 th Framework programme - Europaid (Alfa, Tempus, Edulink…) By offering better services to answer
the tenders and manage the contracts
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
• But still more international- By promoting the Euro- LMD reform abroad
(North and west Africa)- By exporting more programmes outside
Europe « délocalisation »- By attracting more students from the
emerging countries But a strong willingness to attract more
European at Master and doctorate levels…
Helsinki, May 13th 2008
ConclusionThe European Higher Education area is a
reality : the Bologna process remains very original in the world
Within this context, the French system has moved a lot to become more competitive and more global
But the tradition of cooperation in research as well as in training programmes should be a competitive advantage and European networks become an even stronger challenge than ever…