Reconnecting Librarians with Nursing Accreditation

Key Results

Margaret (Peg) Allen, AHIP, Chair, NAHRS Research CommitteePamela Sherwill-Navarro, AHIP, Co-Chair, NAHRS Research Committee & NLM sponsored T.I.G.E.R. delegateMelody M. Allison, Immediate Past Chair, NAHRSSusan K. Jacobs, AHIP, MLA ICIRN Representative; Co-Chair, Task Force to Map the Literature of Nursing and & NLM sponsored T.I.G.E.R. delegate

Then, Now, Future: Seasons of Nursing Education

• Hospital Schools of Nursing• Nursing Shortages – wars and epidemics • Moving nursing education to academia• Distance education challenges • Information Technology• From Research Utilization to Evidence Based

Practice• Collaborations creating opportunities

First Nursing Research – Crimean War

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The Nightingale PrinciplesFlorence Nightingale ~1860

• A school of nursing independent of the service agency, but providing education for service.

• Competent nurse-teachers and well-selected nursing opportunities. • The development of the student as a person. • The dignity of the patient as a human being. • The provision of nursing as a community service as well as for

institutional care. • The identification of the basis on which nursing is founded; for

example, environmental hygiene and personal care. • The direction of nursing by nurses. • The model of the nurse as a person as well as a competent

practitioner.

First U.S. Hospital Schools of Nursing followed Civil War

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First “nursing shortages”• Spanish American War– American Red Cross supplies nurses– Establishment of Army Nurse Corps, 1901

• 1909 – Nursing service of American Red Cross• World War I• World War II “nursing shortage shocked the nation”– 1943 Nurse Training Act

No male Army nurses until Korean conflict…

Post War Initiatives 1952 National League for

Nursing (NLN, 1893 – )1960 Interagency Council

on Library Tools for Nursing (ICIRN)

1962 Nursing Libraries Interest Group of MLA

1965 ANA Position Paper

Resources developed• Cumulative Index to

Nursing Literature• Essential Nursing

References• Nursing Studies Index• International Nursing

Index• Brandon – Hill Lists

National League for Nursing (NLN)1893 – American Society of Superintendents of Training

Schools for Nurses1912 - National League for Nursing Education (NLNE) 1917 – 1st Standard Curriculum for Schools of Nursing 1952 – NLNE , the National Organization for Public Health

Nursing, and Association for Collegiate Schools of Nursing combine to establish the National League for Nursing (NLN). – NLN assumes responsibility for accrediting nursing

education.1997 – National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission

(NLNAC) is established . – NLNAC is accountable to the NLN directly through the

NLN's Board of Governors.

1960s Nursing Profession 1962 – Ten Army nurses arrive in Vietnam. By 1966, 300 military nurses would be

serving in the war-torn country; by 1973, more than 5,000 nurses would see action in Vietnam.

1963 – Loeb Center for Nursing and Rehabilitation is established at Montefiore Hospital in NYC with the goal modeling the high quality of nursing care given only by registered nurses.

1963 – General duty nurses' annual salaries hover at $4,500. Teachers' salaries averaged $6,325 and secretaries $5,170.

1963 – Nurses join the Civil Rights Movement . Later be equally involved in protests of the Vietnam War and support of the Equal Rights Amendment.

1964 – Nurse Training Act is passed. The act provides significant financial support for nursing education.

1965 – Congress passes Medicare and Medicaid legislation.1965 – ANA position paper on nursing education. 1965 – The nurse practitioner is introduced as a specialty at the University of Colorado.1965 - War in Vietnam revisits the possibility of a draft of nurses, but consensus that

nurses cannot be drafted unless all women are subject to the draft. 1966 - Male nurses are appointed to regular Army, Navy, and Air Force Corps.1969 - Sharon Lane from Canton, OH, dies from enemy rocket fire in Vietnam.

ICIRN History: Tools > Resources > Information

• 1960 Interagency Council on Library Tools for Nursing established to address library tools and information issues.

• Later became Interagency Council on Library Resources for Nursing, and in 1995 renamed the Interagency Council on Information Resources for Nursing

Al Brandon Virginia Henderson

Virginia Henderson honored by NAHRS/MLA in 1972 at New York City MLA Annual Meeting.

1962 – Nursing Libraries Interest Group of the Medical Library

Association (MLA) 1970 – Nursing Library Section of MLA 1982 – Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section of MLA1997 – Task Force to Map the Literature of Allied Health1999 – Task Force to Map the Literature of Nursing2003 – Evidence-Based Nursing Practice – Need, Tools, Solutions:

First MLA Symposium with CE for Librarians and Nurses2006 – Magnet and Evidence Based Practice at the Point of Care

sessions co-sponsored with Hospital Librarians and Section; Speaker from ANCC Magnet Program

2007 – NAHRS Task Force to Create Standards for Nursing Info Resources and Services in Healthcare Setting

Moving into Academia: 1960 BSN Standards

Reconnecting in the 90s

ICIRN 75th Anniversary

NAHRS Anniversaries: 35 &45

Goals• To identify the needs of nurses for information

and services • To promote communication between nurses and

librarians concerning information resources for nurses • To increase accessibility to and use of nursing

information resources • To foster research and studies on information

resources for nursing • To provide for a forum for the exchange of ideas

and discussion of issues

Evidence-Based Nursing Practice: Needs, Tools, SolutionsSaturday, May 3, 2003

Planning Committee: NAHRS & ICIRN

2006 – Magnet and Evidence Based Practice at the Point of Care sessions co-sponsored with Hospital Librarians and Section; Speaker from ANCC Magnet Program

2006 - T.I.G.E.R. Initiative2007 – NAHRS Task Force to Create Standards for Nursing

Information Resources and Services in Healthcare Settings– Magnet Coordinator Survey July 2007

2008 – NAHRS Research Committee – Monitoring standards– Survey on Librarian Roles in Evidenced Based Nursing

T.I.G.E.R. – Technology Informatics Guiding Nursing Education

TIGER Summit October 2006 NLM sponsored delegates:

Susan Kaplan Jacobs & Pamela Sherwill - Navarro

NLAC 2008 BSN Standards STANDARD 5

Resources Fiscal, physical, and learning resources promote the achievement of the

goals and outcomes of the nursing education unit. 5.1 Fiscal resources are sufficient to ensure the achievement of the

nursing education unit outcomes and commensurate with the resources of the governing organization.

5.2 Physical resources (classrooms, laboratories, offices, etc.) are sufficient to ensure the achievement of the nursing education unit outcomes and meet the needs of faculty, staff, and students.

5.3 Learning resources and technology are selected by the faculty and are comprehensive, current, and accessible to faculty and students, including those engaged in alternative methods of delivery.

For nursing education units engaged in distance education, the additional criterion is applicable:

5.4 Fiscal, physical, technological, and learning resources are sufficient to meet the needs of faculty and students and ensure that students achieve learning outcomes.

NLN Excellence Model Centers of Excellence

AACN– American Association of Colleges of Nursing http://www.aacn.nche.edu/

Standards for Accreditation of Baccalaureate and Graduate Degree Nursing Programs , 2009http://www.aacn.nche.edu/accreditation/pdf/standards.pdf

– Baccalaureate degree nursing programs– Master’s degree nursing programs– Clinical nursing doctorates that are practice-focused and have

the title Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP).

2009 CCNE I-A. The mission, goals, and expected student outcomes are

congruent with those of the parent institution and consistent with relevant professional nursing standards and guidelines for the preparation of nursing professionals.

CCNE Standards for library services

II-B. Academic support services are sufficient to ensure quality and are evaluated on a regular basis to meet program and student needs.

Elaboration: Academic support services (e.g., library, technology, distance education support, research support, admission, and advising services) are adequate for students and faculty to meet program requirements and to achieve the mission, goals, and expected student and faculty outcomes. There is a defined process for regular review of the adequacy of the program’s academic support services. Review of academic support services occurs and improvements are made as appropriate. http://www.aacn.nche.edu/accreditation/pdf/standards.pdf

Encouraging Developments

• Collaboration theme in evidence based nursing texts– Brown, S. J. (2009). Evidence-Based Nursing: The

Research-Practice Connection. Jones & Bartlett.– Polit, D. F. & Hungler, B.P. (2007) Nursing Research:

Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

• Draft AACN Essentials of Baccalaureate Nursing Education (excerpts follow)

Where are we going?

• Continuing MLA/HLS/NAHRS collaboration with ANCC Magnet Program

• NAHRS Survey on Librarian Roles in Evidence Based Nursing

• Mapping Research• NAHRS Standards Committee• MLA/NAHRS representatives to ICIRN– Exploring collaboration to produce Essential Nursing

Resources • NAHRS Journal Lists

Questions?

http://nahrs.mlanet.org