Reconstruction and Its EffectsReconstruction and Its Effects1212CHAPTERCHAPTER

Overview

Time Lines

Transparencies

Chapter Assessment

The Politics of Reconstruction

Reconstructing Society

The Collapse of Reconstruction

SECTION 1

SECTION 2

SECTION 3

THEMES IN CHAPTER 12

Reconstruction and Its EffectsReconstruction and Its Effects1212CHAPTERCHAPTER

Constitutional Concerns

Civil Rights

Expanding Democracy

“Nothing in all history [equaled] this wonderful, quiet, sudden transformation of four millions of human

beings from . . . the auction-block to the ballot-box.”

William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist

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Cultural Diversity

Reconstruction and Its EffectsReconstruction and Its Effects1212CHAPTERCHAPTER

What do you know?• What does the word reconstruction mean to you?

Read the quote above and answer the following:

• Who were the four million that Garrison was talking about?

• What does his opposition of auction-block and ballot-box refer to?

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“Nothing in all history [equaled] this wonderful, quiet, sudden transformation of four millions of human

beings from . . . the auction-block to the ballot-box.”

William Lloyd Garrison, abolitionist

Time LineTime Line1212CHAPTERCHAPTER

The United States

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1875 Specie Resumption Act is passed.

1877 Federal troops withdraw from the South, ending Reconstruction.

1867 U.S. buys Alaska from Russia. Former Confederate states are divided into military districts.

1868 President Johnson is impeached. Fourteenth Amendment is ratified.

1865 Thirteenth Amendment is ratified.

1873 Financial panic results in economic depression.

1870 Fifteenth Amendment is ratified.

1871 U.S. and Great Britain sign Treaty of Washington.

Time LineTime Line1212CHAPTERCHAPTER

The World

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1874 British declare Gold Coast of Africa a colony.

1871 Germany becomes unified under Kaiser Wilhem I.

1870 Unification of Italy is completed.

1867 Emperor Maximillian is executed in Mexico.

1866 Austro-Prussian War ends.

1876 Japan forces Korea to open ports to trade.

1869 Mohandas K. Gandhi is born in India.

The Politics of Reconstruction1

Learn About

presidential and congressional Reconstruction policies from 1865 to 1870.

To Understand

how political leaders set out to rebuild the nation after the Civil War.

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SECTION

The Politics of Reconstruction1 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

Presidents Lincoln and Johnson face congressional opposition to their Reconstruction plans. Congress wins control, and Radical Reconstruction begins.

Section

The Politics of Reconstruction1

Assessment

What are some events, plans, or legislation that attempted to enact Reconstruction?

SYNTHESIZING

1

Fifteenth

Amendment

Reconstruction Act

of 1867

Wade-Davis

Bill

Civil Rights Act

of 1866Fourteenth

Amendment

Lincoln’s

Ten-Percent

Plan

Impeachment of

Johnson

Attempts to

continue and enlarge

the Freedman’s Bureau

Reconstructionattempts

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SECTION

Section

The Politics of Reconstruction1

Describe how Reconstruction might have been different if Abraham Lincoln had lived.

HYPOTHESIZING

Assessment1

• Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction• Lincoln’s relationship with Radical Republicans• Lincoln’s ability to negotiate

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

Section

The Politics of Reconstruction1

Assessment1

Were the Radical Republicans justified in impeaching President Johnson?

MAKING DECISIONS

• the controversy over Reconstruction policies• the meaning of the Tenure of Office Act• Johnson’s vetoes

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

Reconstructing Society2

Learn About

the political, social, and economic changes that took place in the South following the Civil War.

To Understand

the roles that various groups played in the rebuilding of Southern society.

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SECTION

Reconstructing Society2 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

The South must rebuild its ravaged economy in the aftermath of war. African Americans begin to exercise freedoms denied to them during their enslavement.

Reconstructing Society2

Section Assessment2

What were some of the problems facing the South after the Civil War and the attempted solutions?

SUMMARIZING

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SECTION

Physical devastation Public works programs

Former slaves separated from their families

Search for family members

Lack of land Southern Homestead Act

Labor shortage Sharecropping or tenant farming

PROBLEM ATTEMPTED SOLUTION

Lack of education New schools established

Reconstructing Society2

Section

How did the Civil War weaken the Southern economy?

GENERALIZING

Assessment2

• the devastation of the war• economic conditions• changes in agriculture

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

Reconstructing Society2

Section Assessment2

Which accomplishment of African Americans during Reconstruction do you consider most significant?

INTERPRETING

• the development of a free African-American community• the lingering effects of slavery• opportunities for leadership

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

The Collapse of Reconstruction3

Learn About

the political, economic, and social problems that plagued the nation from 1873 to 1877.

To Understand

why Reconstruction ultimately collapsed.

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SECTION

The Collapse of Reconstruction3 HOME

SECTION

Key Idea

Continued opposition to Radical Reconstruction in the South and economic problems in the North bring the Reconstruction process to an end.

The Collapse of Reconstruction3

Section Assessment3

What were some of the major events that led to the collapse of Reconstruction?

SUMMARIZING

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SECTION

1866 Ku Klux Klan founded.

1870–1871 Enforcement Acts passed.

1872 Amnesty Act passed.

1873 1873 Panic.

1872 Crédit Mobilier.

1873 Supreme Court issued Slaughterhouse rulings.

1876 Hayes elected president.

The Collapse of Reconstruction3

Section

Would the Republican Party have remained strong in the South if Congress had not passed the Amnesty Act?

ANALYZING

Assessment3

• the Republican commitment to Reconstruction• the goals of the Ku Klux Klan• the political and economic crises facing the nation

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

The Collapse of Reconstruction3

Section Assessment3

Was the political deal to settle the election of 1876 an appropriate solution? Why or why not?

EVALUATING

• the causes of the conflict over the election • other possible solutions to the controversy• the impact of the settlement

THINK ABOUT

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SECTION

Chapter 12 Assessment

1. How did Andrew Johnson’s plan to reconstruct the Confederate states differ from Lincoln’s?

2. How did the Civil Rights Act of 1866 become law?

3. Why did the Radicals want to impeach Andrew Johnson?

4. What factor played a significant role in the 1868 presidential election?

5. What three groups made up the Republican party in the South during Reconstruction?

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Chapter 12 Assessment

6. In what ways did emancipated slaves exercise their freedom?

7. How did white landowners in the South reassert their economic power in the decade following the Civil War?

8. How did Southern whites regain political power during Reconstruction?

9. What economic and political developments weakened the Republican party during Grant’s second term?

10. What significance did the victory by Rutherford B. Hayes in the 1876 presidential race have for Reconstruction?

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