reconstruction of solar magnetic field since 1700 onwards
DESCRIPTION
工作汇报( 2 ). Reconstruction of solar magnetic field since 1700 onwards. 姜 杰. In collaboration with Robert Cameron, Dieter Schmitt and Manfred Schuessler. Free parameter. Complements of Talk 1. Initial condition. e-folding time of approximately 4000 years. Decay time:. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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2010-12-16 (2)工作汇报 1
Reconstruction of solar magnetic field since 1700 onwards
姜 杰
工作汇报( 2)
In collaboration with Robert Cameron, Dieter Schmitt and Manfred Schuessler
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(2)工作汇报 22010-12-16
Initial condition
e-folding time of approximately 4000 years
Complements of Talk 1
Free parameter
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(2)工作汇报 32010-12-16
The way to deal with radial diffusion
Complements of Talk 1
1
( ) ( ) llm lma t a t e
2 2 10[ ]
l r lR k Decay time:
mlP
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(2)工作汇报 42010-12-16
Modeling cys. 15-21
Towards 300 yrs recon. –
Old result
Royal Greenwich Observatory (1874 -- 1976)USAF/NOAA (1976 onwards) Sunspot Data
Locations and areas of sunspots groups:
Tilt angles of sunspots groups:
Mount Wilson (1917 -- 1985) Kodaikanal (1906 -- 1987)
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(2)工作汇报 52010-12-16
Cycle variation of sunspot group tilts
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(2)工作汇报 62010-12-16
Modeling cys. 15-21: results
simulation
aa-index (Lockwood)
* Makarov et al. (2003)
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(2)工作汇报 72010-12-16
Modeling cys. 15-21: results
极区磁场和前一活动周的强度没有相关性,
而和其下一活动周的强度有很好的相关性
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(2)工作汇报 82010-12-16
About open flux
l = 1; m = 0 l = 1; m = 1
Axial dipole field Equatorial dipole field
~
Low order modes
Open fluxaxi. dip. (solar mini.)
equ. dip. (solar maxi.)
Lati. sep.
Long. sep.
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(2)工作汇报 92010-12-16
How can we go back further ?
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(2)工作汇报 102010-12-16
Sunspot number datasets
Characteristics of sunspot group emergence
Sunspot number
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(2)工作汇报 112010-12-16
Statistical properties of sunspot group emergence (latitude, longitude, area and tilt angle) as functions of the cycle strength and of time during the solar cycle defined by sunspot number.
Datasets (1874 — 1976, cy. 12-20) : Sunspot groups (RGO) sunspot number (RG)
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(2)工作汇报 122010-12-16
Latitude distribution
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(2)工作汇报 132010-12-16
Mean lati. vs. cycle strength
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(2)工作汇报 142010-12-16
A comparison of the mean lati. for cycles 12--20
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(2)工作汇报 152010-12-16
Width of the lati. distribution
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(2)工作汇报 162010-12-16
Longitude distribution
Eq. dipole (moment) of a sunspot group ( ) in direction in N. Hem.
Eq. dipole of all the SGs from both Hem. emerging between times t and
The magnitude of the observed sunspot dipole (moment)
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(2)工作汇报 172010-12-16
Longitude distribution
The difference betweenreflects the amount of nesting
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(2)工作汇报 182010-12-16
Area distribution
Area distribution function
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(2)工作汇报 192010-12-16
Cycle phase dependence of area distribution
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(2)工作汇报 202010-12-16
Tilt angle distribution
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(2)工作汇报 212010-12-16
Number of sunspot groups as a function of time
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(2)工作汇报 222010-12-16
Reconstruction of butterfly diagram (1)
Obs.
Sim.
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(2)工作汇报 232010-12-16
Reconstruction of butterfly diagram (2)
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(2)工作汇报 242010-12-16
Reconstruction of butterfly diagram (3)
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(2)工作汇报 252010-12-16
Flow chart
lati., area & tilt angle random longitudes (lowest eq. DM)
lati., area & tilt angle 2 active longitudes (highest eq. DM)
SFT (20
runs)solar surface field (1)
solar surface field (2)
SFT (20 runs)
Polar field (1)=(2)
20 runs average
CSSS extrapolation Zhao & Hoeksema (1995)
CSSS extrapolation Zhao & Hoeksema (1995)
source surface field source surface field
Open field 20 runs average
c% 1- c%
Input: sunspot number dataset
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(2)工作汇报 262010-12-16
Calibration of the parameter of active long.
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(2)工作汇报 272010-12-16
The case without radial diffusion
CJSS10
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(2)工作汇报 282010-12-16
The case with weak radial diffusion
Less reliable sunspot number
rms diff. 14% 20%
Polar field vs. solar cycle becomes weak
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(2)工作汇报 292010-12-16
Reconstruction
during 1700--2010
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(2)工作汇报 302010-12-16
Reconstruction
during 1700--2010
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(2)工作汇报 312010-12-16
Correlation between SN and polar field strength
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(2)工作汇报 322010-12-16
Relation between SN and total surface flux
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(2)工作汇报 332010-12-16
Relation between SN and open flux
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(2)工作汇报 342010-12-16
Comparison of open flux with other reconstructions
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(2)工作汇报 352010-12-16
Lost cycle?
Usoskin et al. (2009)
Cy.4: 1784.7 — 1798.3
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(2)工作汇报 362010-12-16
Results including the ‘lost cycle’
Against the ‘lost cycle’
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(2)工作汇报 372010-12-16
Focus on last 3 cycles(without radial diffusion)
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(2)工作汇报 382010-12-16
Possible cause of the weak polar field in cycle 23
40% decrease of sunspot number
28% decrease of the sunspot group tilt angle
55% increase of meridional flow
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(2)工作汇报 392010-12-16
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(2)工作汇报 402010-12-16
Jiang et al., 2010, ApJ, 709, 301
Open flux & field strength near Earth
The disagreement during the minima: strong radial diffusion (100km2s-1) tilt angle
Maxima: amplitude; phase difference
Improved method
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(2)工作汇报 412010-12-16
Parameter
dependence