Recruitment, Selection and InductionCHAPTER 2

Definition• Recruitment – is the process of

attracting suitable people to apply for job vacancies.

• Selection – is the process of choosing a suitable applicant to fill an available job vacancy.

Steps involved in the Recruitment and Selection Process

Job Analysis Definition• Job analysis is a technique of

studying a job to identify the skills, knowledge, experience and other requirements necessary to perform the job

Conducting Job Analysis• 2 most important sources of

information are:– Workers doing the job– The supervisor or head of

deparment under which the job is carried out.

• Using interviews, questionnaires and observation.

Job Description• The process of preparing job

descriptions helps to identify unnecessary tasks, overlapping responsibilities and even the existence of functions for which no one has responsibility.

Job Description• A job description is a written profile

of a job. Typical headings include:– Job title, location and grading– Relationships– Brief statement on the purpose of the

job– List of duties and responsibilities– Terms and conditions of employment to

be given to the job holder– Negative aspects of the job.

Job/Person Specifications• Definition – describes the profile

of a person who should be able to succeed in the job and will guide the recruitment officer to the best candidate.

Job/Person Specifications• Job/Person specifications list details

of the ideal recruit through:– Knowledge, skills and abilities required

to do the job– Educational qualifications and work

experience required– Physical requirements of the job, if any– Personality requirements, where

relevant– Career path

The Recruitment Process

1. Attracting ApplicantsFactors which influence the ability of an organizationto attract suitable employees are: The location of the organization The public image of the organization The physical working conditions in the organization The relationships between people in the organization or

the psycho-social environment The remuneration package being offered to new recruits The internal policies of the organization

The Recruitment Process

2. Attracting Internal ApplicantsOffering existing employees the opportunity to change jobs within the organization helps retain the best annd most versatile workers.

Employee audit or inventorythe HR office can check through employees’ files to identify any potentially suitable people. If these exist, they can be contacted and recommended to join the pool of candidates if they are interested.

Job Posting and Biddingrequired notice on the organizational notice board or on the company intranet stating that a vacancy exist.

The Recruitment Process

3. Attracting external applicants Employment agencies and consultants Campus recruitment exercise Employee referrals Unsolicited applicant files Advertising in the mass media Through the Internet

The Recruitment Process

• AdvantagesInternal Recruitment External RecruitmentEmployment record of applicant available. Thus accurate assessment possible.

Avoids inbreeding

No induction needed Possible to widen choice of applicants by having a pool of candidates

Little or no cost involvedEmployees’ morale and motivation increased

The Recruitment Process

• DisadvantagesInternal Recruitment External RecruitmentFilling a vacancy in one department may lead to a more serious gap in another

High cost of recruitment process

No suitable candidates may be available

Frustration amongst existing employees

Supervisors may be reluctant to release key employees

SELECTION OF NEW RECRUITS

• After the preliminary stage of sourcing a group of job applicants, information must be collected about each applicant, they must be compared, after which the most suitable applicant will be offered the position.

• The techniques used to determine whether the applicants match the person specification are:– Application forms and curriculum vitae (CV)/

biodata/resume– Reference checks– Tests– Interviews– Assessment centre activities

SELECTION OF NEW RECRUITS

Resume example:

Example of Job Application

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS RELATING TO RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION

• Nepotism• Employment of children• Hiring older workers• Discrimination• Employment of foreigners

Nepotism

• Occurs when officers responsible for recruitment of employees, hire family or friends rather than a more suitable candidate.

Employment of Children

• Children under 14 can only work as follows:– The employment must be in their family’s

business– The work must be light and suitable to the

capacity of the child– The working hours must not be more than 6 hours

per day– The child cannot work between 8.00pm and

7.00am

• Young persons aged 14 to 16 years of age can only work as follows:– The employment must be suitable to the capacity

of the child– The working hours must not be more than 7 hours

per day– The young person cannot work between 8.00pm

and 6.00 am.

Employment of Children

• Children and young persons may benefit by working on a part-time basis or temporarily during school holidays, either to earn some pocket money or to learn about the world of business.

Employment of Children

Hiring Older Workers

• Retirement age• Medical costs• Benefits packages

Discriminations

• Employers in Malaysia are free to hire employees who meet their criteria

• Some employers believe that by employing people from a particular racial, religious or linguistic group, there will be more harmony and cooperation in the workplace.

• Other employers may have a policy of hiring a range of employees from diverse backgrounds, as they will be better equipped to attract and maintain customers from different groups of society.

Employment of Foreigners

• In 2008, some 2 million foreign workers are legally employed in Malaysia.

• Questions arise:– how will the employer and his local employees

communicate with the foreign workers?– What company documents and signage's need to

be translated for the benefits of the foreigners?

TERMS TO BE INCLUDED IN A CONTRCT OF EMPLOYMENT

• The details of the wages, benefits and conditions of employment to which the employees agrees under his contract of emloyment.

REASONS FOR HOLDING AN INDUCTION PROGRAMME

• An INDUCTION PROGRAMME is a short course to familiarize new employees with the workplace.

• An induction programme should help to reduce an employee’s stress and provide him or her with a welcome to the organization.

• Induction is also known as ORIENTATION