recycling at boliden´s rönnskär smelter: metallurgical challenges · 2013. 10. 9. ·...

Recycling Metals from Industrial Waste [email protected]

Recycling at Boliden´s Rönnskär Smelter:

Metallurgical challenges

Theo Lehner Caisa SamuelssonMgr. Business Development Ass. ProfBoliden Mineral AB Luleå Univ. of Tech.Adj. ProfLuleå Univ. of Tech.


Rönnskär’s Metallurgy

Cu

Fe

S

Sulfurproducts

slag

Copper99.998%

O2

silica

+


Converting Refining

SecondaryRawMaterials

CopperConc.

Lead Conc.Dryer

FluidizedBed Roaster

ElectricSmelting Furnace

Flash Furnace

Fuming Plant

Kaldo PlantLead Refinery

Converter Aisle

Anode Casting Plant

PreciousMetalsPlant

Sulphur Products Plant

ElectrolyticRefinery

SulphuricAcidSulphurDioxide

GoldSilverSeleniumPt/Pd-sludge

Dryer

Dryer

CopperCopper SulphateCrude Nickel SulphateLead

Zinc ClinkerIron Sand

Gas FlowCopper FlowLead Flow

Electronic Scrap

1

4

32

7

5 6

8x Recycling

illustrated

9

Rönnskär’s MetallurgyFlowsheet


Metallurgy: collecting – separating

•Collecting all

1 Receiving, weighing, sampling, assaying

Contract

Radiak check on arrival

Weighing

Sampling

Sample preparation

Assaying



•Separating Arsenic from concentrate and waste by partial roasting

•Autogenous drying of sulfide sluge

2 Roasting

[FeAsS + CuFeS4] +O2

[FeCuSx + Fe3O4 ]

+ As4O6 (g) + SO2(g)

Note: buffered by excess FeSx / Fe3O4



2 Roasting

In off-gas system at decreasing temperature:

“MeS (s) + As4O6 (g) + Hg (g) + SO2(g) → As2O3(s) + HgS(s) +MeS”

Complex dust for stabilization and deposit

Dust capture and treatment



•Separating Zinc from Copper

•Collecting precious metals

3 Electric Smelting

ZnS

[Cu2S,FeS,Fe3O4,ZnS,SiO2, Au]

(ZnO-FeO-SiO2) +{ FeS-Cu2S,Au }+ SO2


Metallurgy: Rönnskär’s Electric Furnace

!

Matte

Slag

Calcine + Cu-Zn-ashes + dust + SiO2



•Separating Copper from Fe-S


2(FeS)matte + 3(O2)air + (SiO2)flux= (2(FeO)x SiO2)slag + 2(SO2)off gas [1]

(Cu2S) + (O2) air = 2Cu + (SO2)off gas [2]

4 Converting

Substance Combustion Energy[ kJ/ kg]

Fe S2 8

S 10

C 33

Air + O2

N2 + SO2

BUT:

O2/kg ! And

BTU



•Slag - properties

•Impurity capacity

•Eq. slag, matte, metal…

•Composition

•Liquidus temperature

•Formation of high temperature melting phases

•Viscosity

•Etc…….

4 Converting



•Separating Organics from Copper and slag


5 KALDO

[Cu,Fe,Au,Ni,Zn,Al2O3,SiO2, plastics]

[Cu-Fe-Zn-Au-Ni] + (FeO-SiO2-Zn,Pb) + CO2



•Separating copper from others by electrorefining

6 Refining

Cu 99.998

CuSO4

NiSO4

PM slimes


4N8…but I do not know if my roots are in the mine or in scrap …



•Separating zinc and lead from slag


7 Fuming

(ZnO) + C Zn(g) + CO

Zn(g) + CO + O2 ZnO + CO2

(FeO-SiO2, Cu, Au,Ag, Ni,S)

(FeO-SiO2) + {Cu-Fe-S, Ag} + [Cu-Fe-Sb-Ni,Au,Ag]

“fume”

”Iron sand”


Designed for recycling ?

8 Complex scrap

AddedAg Al Au Be C Cr CRT Cu Fe In LCD Mg Ms Ni P Pb plast Pt Sb Sn SS Zn

Ag

Base Al

Au

Be

C

Cr

CRT

Cu

Fe

In

LCD

Mg

Ms

Ni

P

Pb

plast

Pt

Sb

Sn

SS

Zn


Conclusion :Metallurgists can!

if you let them do…. And can find them…..


C u !

[email protected]

recycling at boliden´s rönnskär smelter: metallurgical challenges · 2013. 10. 9. ·...

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