Richard Swannell

Director – Retail & Organics

WRAP

Recycling now and in the future

Content

How recycling has developed

Recycling in a Recession

Challenges for the future

Conclusions

WRAP: Delivery resource efficiency

How recycling has developed?

Household waste recycling – EnglandHousehold waste sent for recycling in England

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

2000/01

2001/02

2002/03

2003/04

2004/05r

2005/06

2006/07

2007/08

00

0 t

on

nes

Other

Co-mingled

Scrap metals &white goods

Compost

Textiles

Plastics

Cans

Glass

Paper & card

Household waste recycling and Committed Recycler rates in England

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Sep-02 Jan-04 May-05 Oct-06 Feb-08 Jul-09

Perc

en

tag

e

Committed recyclers Household recycling rate

Total UK Recycling 2007

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Total UK - 110Mt Municipal - 10Mt

Other

Plastics

Wood

Glass

Green / food

Paper and card

Metals

Aggregates

Markets: Glass – 1.6 Mt Recycled

Containers: 665 ktpa

Export: 340 ktpa

Glass wool: 145 ktpa

Aggregates: 450 ktpa

UK RecyclingEnvironmental Impact:

18 Mt/y CO2 e

=

5 million cars off the

road

OR

Closing down 3 coal

fired power stations

Recycling in the Recession

Latest economic situation

Substantial falls in prices of some (not all) recovered materials

Why?

Global economic and financial conditions

weaker demand for products & cut backs in supply

fewer raw materials needed, including recovered materials

Also affecting primary commodity markets

Prices for recovered paper

monthly average £ per tonne

Last updated 21 April 2009

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Apr-

08

May-

08

Jun-

08

Jul -

08

Aug-

08

Sep-

08

Oct-

08

Nov-

08

Dec-

08

Jan-

09

Feb-

09

Mar-

09

Apr-

09

Mixed paper & board

News & pams

OCC

Source: WRAP Materials Pricing Report

Paper & Card (£/t)

Recovered Plastic Bottles (£/t)Prices for recovered plastic bottles

monthly average £ per tonne

Last updated 21 April 2009

0

50

100

150

200

250

Apr-

08

M ay-

08

Jun-

08

Jul-

08

Aug-

08

Sep-

08

Oct-

08

Nov-

08

Dec-

08

Jan-

09

Feb-

09

M ar-

09

Apr-

09

Clear PET

Coloured PET

Mixed HDPE

Mixed polymers

Source: WRAP Materials Pricing Reports

Aluminium & Steel Cans (£/t)

Glass (£/t)

Summary

Markets appear to have stabilised after excessive volatility

Prices for most recovered materials picking up from lowest points

Materials are moving, overseas buyers are returning

High quality materials are experiencing fewer difficulties, achieving value and finding markets

LA survey indicates no significant stockpiles

EA data also suggests no significant increase in storage

Recycling in the Future

Targets & Trends

Landfill Tax escalator

Landfill Directive targets

England: 50% target by 2020

Scotland: 70% by 2025 (check)

Wales: similarly ambitious

Increasing interest in C&I

% of local authorities collecting materials via kerbside schemes in England 2007/08

Organic

recyclingDry recycling

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Paper

Card

Glass

Meta

l cans

/ tin

s / a

eroso

lsFoil

Plast

ic b

ottle

s

Mix

ed pla

stic

s

Batterie

s

Textiles

Garden

CardFood

Separate

food

% o

f lo

cal

au

tho

rie

s co

lle

ctin

g m

ate

ria

l

England’s kerbside infrastructure 2007/08

How to hit 50%?

00

0 t

on

ne

s

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

3,500P

ap

er

Card

Pla

stic

(rig

ids

&

flex

ible

s)

Gla

ss

Alu

min

ium

& s

teel

pack

ag

ing

Oth

er

meta

l /

Scr

ap

Gard

en

wast

e

Fo

od

wast

e

Tex

tile

s

Wo

od

/

Fu

rnit

ure

Batt

eri

es

an

d o

ther

haza

rdo

us

En

gin

e o

il

Current recycling Additional material required

This will require…

Waste minimisation

Increase in capture

Increase in material streams e.g.

Food waste

Mixed plastics

Building high quality end markets

Food is 20% of UK GHG emissionFood is 20% of UK GHG emission

Household Food Waste

6.7 mt/y

Fill Wembley stadium 8 times

Costs consumers £10bn/y

Wastes 18 mt/y CO2 e

www.lovefoodhatewaste.com

Impact

1.8 million more UK households reducing food waste

Saving of £300 M/y

Reduction of 137,000 t in food waste

Reduction of 600kt CO2 e

Food Collection: Target 2 Mt/y by 2020

130 kg/hld/y

Low contamination

Reduced residual waste disposal

40 kg/hld/y

Higher contamination

More residual waste

ADAD Renewable Energy

Produces Biofertiliser

Gate fee £35-55/t

Produces compost

Gate fee £35-55/t

Treatment

IVC

Base System: Fortnightly free garden only, refuse alt

weekly in bin

-£800,000

-£600,000

-£400,000

-£200,000

£0

£200,000

£400,000

£600,000

£800,000

Weekly food only, no change to

residual

Switch to fortnightly mixed food

and garden collection, no change

to residual

Switch: No change to residual

Co

sts

(m

illi

on

£)

Cost of collection switch

Net effect on biowaste treatment

Net effect on residual wastetreatment inc avoided disposal

Net effect on dry recyclingrevenues

Total incremental cost

Costs of food waste collection

Conclusions

Conclusions

Recycling rates are increasing

Collection infrastructure is improving

Recession posed problems for the sector

There are signs ofimprovement and WRAP is monitoring the situation

Brings significant environmental benefits

The future

Maintain and grow confidence in recycling

Capture more

Emphasis on quality

Develop infrastructure

New material streams:

Food waste (AD?)

Mixed plastics

WEEE

Thank you