red flag behavior
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Oh, How We Grow:Navigating Early
Childhood Developmentand Red Flag Behaviors
Presented by:
Janice Friedman, MA
Stacey Ratner, MS, BCBA,LBA, SBL, SDL
Variety Child Learning Centerwww.vclc.org
November 8, 2014
http://www.vclc.org/http://www.vclc.org/ -
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Red Flag Behaviors and
Young ChildrenNo other time in life in whichmore growth and developmentoccur than in the first 5 yearsFor some children thedevelopment path is smooth and
for some children the path willhave many challenges
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Red Flag Behaviors and Young
ChildrenAs early childhood educators it is importantto recognize red flag behaviors and the needfor an evaluation
The earlier children are identified and receiveservices, the better the prognosis
Whatever the age of the child, when there is aconcern it is our responsibility to speak up butto do this in a respectful, confidential, andresponsible manner
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IDEA
Individual with Disabilities Education Act
Entitled to a free comprehensive evaluation todetermine eligibility for services
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Red
Flag Behaviors
A behavior that signals concern
May be the absence of developmental
milestonesMay be a behavior or skill that interferes
with learning
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Remember
Development is a continuumChildren develop at their own pace
Look for patterns or clusters ofbehaviorsAge-appropriate behaviors can turn intored flag behaviors if the child does not
progress
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Child Development
There is a broad range of differencesbetween children of the same age
Research points to an expecteddevelopmental sequence, markers tohelp determine what is normal andwhat may be a concern, a red flag
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Child Development
In order to better identify whatbehavior may be a concern or ared flag, it is important tounderstand the normal sequenceof development .
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.portlandnewbornbabyphotographer.com/images/babies/album/slides/beautiful-african-american-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.netpakistani.com/community/blogs/node/22729/&usg=__t0g_teTUpiq7CWgioz0KkClrfHU=&h=732&w=529&sz=90&hl=en&start=5&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Wp5Qv0Ih7BClEM:&tbnh=141&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsleeping%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=vVpdTeazEIKBlAfazeHPCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.portlandnewbornbabyphotographer.com/images/babies/album/slides/beautiful-african-american-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.netpakistani.com/community/blogs/node/22729/&usg=__t0g_teTUpiq7CWgioz0KkClrfHU=&h=732&w=529&sz=90&hl=en&start=5&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Wp5Qv0Ih7BClEM:&tbnh=141&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsleeping%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=vVpdTeazEIKBlAfazeHPCg -
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New Born( birth 4 wks.)
SleepingEating
Sucking, swallowing, will need to beburpedReflex movements
Squeeze your finger if you put it inhis/her palm
Turn head toward your finger if youtouch their cheek
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.portlandnewbornbabyphotographer.com/images/babies/album/slides/beautiful-african-american-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.netpakistani.com/community/blogs/node/22729/&usg=__t0g_teTUpiq7CWgioz0KkClrfHU=&h=732&w=529&sz=90&hl=en&start=5&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Wp5Qv0Ih7BClEM:&tbnh=141&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsleeping%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=vVpdTeazEIKBlAfazeHPCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.portlandnewbornbabyphotographer.com/images/babies/album/slides/beautiful-african-american-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.netpakistani.com/community/blogs/node/22729/&usg=__t0g_teTUpiq7CWgioz0KkClrfHU=&h=732&w=529&sz=90&hl=en&start=5&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=Wp5Qv0Ih7BClEM:&tbnh=141&tbnw=102&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsleeping%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=vVpdTeazEIKBlAfazeHPCg -
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1- 3 Months
Motor DevelopmentRaises head and cheek when lying ontummySupports upper body with arms whenlying on tummyStretches legs out when lying ontummyOpens and shuts hands (months 2-3)
Pushes down on his/her legs whentheir feet are placed on a firm surface(3 months)
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://mothereseblog.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/tummytime.jpg&imgrefurl=http://mothereseblog.com/category/parenting/tiny-baby/&usg=__vfBO2Z1IvzmJT35tbONGHAhTMLI=&h=333&w=500&sz=32&hl=en&start=6&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1L6cGCNuqhnA0M:&tbnh=87&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bon%2Btummy%2Bpushing%2Bhead%2Bup%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=-lpdTZPqEcGBlAfzvZnMCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://mothereseblog.files.wordpress.com/2010/02/tummytime.jpg&imgrefurl=http://mothereseblog.com/category/parenting/tiny-baby/&usg=__vfBO2Z1IvzmJT35tbONGHAhTMLI=&h=333&w=500&sz=32&hl=en&start=6&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1L6cGCNuqhnA0M:&tbnh=87&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bon%2Btummy%2Bpushing%2Bhead%2Bup%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=-lpdTZPqEcGBlAfzvZnMCg -
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1 3 Months
Visual DevelopmentWatches face intently ( 3 months)
Follows moving objects (2 months)
Recognizes familiar people agreater distances (3 months)
Reaches, discovers hands and feet
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dreamstime.com/baby-playing-with-feet-thumb8729616.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-image-baby-playing-with-feet-image8729616&usg=__MCI5UtLC2b7lhT4ou3uWaS0L3bk=&h=267&w=400&sz=25&hl=en&start=10&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=TQnwVD_aKEGrxM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bplaying%2Bwith%2Bfeet%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=IFtdTYXAK4SglAey2p3WCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dreamstime.com/baby-playing-with-feet-thumb8729616.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-image-baby-playing-with-feet-image8729616&usg=__MCI5UtLC2b7lhT4ou3uWaS0L3bk=&h=267&w=400&sz=25&hl=en&start=10&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=TQnwVD_aKEGrxM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bplaying%2Bwith%2Bfeet%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=IFtdTYXAK4SglAey2p3WCg -
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1 -3 Months
Speech/Language Development
Smiles at the sound of voice ( 2-3months)
Cooing noises; vocal play ( 3 months)
Turns head toward a sound
Startles to loud noise
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1 3 MonthsSocial Emotional Development
Social smile begins
Enjoys playing with other people
(smiles when played with)
Imitates some facial expressions
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://proudtointroduce.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/family-portrait-with-four-month-old-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://proudtointroduce.com/blog/category/4-month-old-photos/&usg=__SYSaAtx0mwFh_HKhbrEmN7lJP-w=&h=600&w=600&sz=84&hl=en&start=4&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=t25I-Q0jk_VgQM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbabies%2B3%2Bmonths%2Bold%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=7V1dTZzTKIK8lQfXlozTCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://proudtointroduce.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/family-portrait-with-four-month-old-baby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://proudtointroduce.com/blog/category/4-month-old-photos/&usg=__SYSaAtx0mwFh_HKhbrEmN7lJP-w=&h=600&w=600&sz=84&hl=en&start=4&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=t25I-Q0jk_VgQM:&tbnh=135&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbabies%2B3%2Bmonths%2Bold%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=7V1dTZzTKIK8lQfXlozTCg -
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4 7 Months
Motor DevelopmentPushes up on extended arms when placed on tummy
Pulls to sitting with no head lag
Sits with support ( 5 months)Sits unsupported short periods (6-8mos.)
Transfers objects hand to hand
Grasps feet
Uses a raking graspRoll over, scoot and bounce
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/64885/64885,1271703346,7/stock-photo-adorable-african-american-baby-sitting-on-the-grass-51302563.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-51302563/stock-photo-adorable-african-american-baby-sitting-on-the-grass.html&usg=__NZDG2sXC_0qziI9f_Jy_Ykb6zjc=&h=470&w=346&sz=74&hl=en&start=8&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=9-o_pGXt8kRe5M:&tbnh=129&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsitting%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=LV5dTY3JJIOdlgfT-tnaCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/64885/64885,1271703346,7/stock-photo-adorable-african-american-baby-sitting-on-the-grass-51302563.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.shutterstock.com/pic-51302563/stock-photo-adorable-african-american-baby-sitting-on-the-grass.html&usg=__NZDG2sXC_0qziI9f_Jy_Ykb6zjc=&h=470&w=346&sz=74&hl=en&start=8&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=9-o_pGXt8kRe5M:&tbnh=129&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bbaby%2Bsitting%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=LV5dTY3JJIOdlgfT-tnaCg -
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4 7 Months
Visual Development
Grasps objects held in front of them
Looks for fallen toysTracks moving objects easily
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.the-parenting-magazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/free-hidden-object-games-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.the-parenting-magazine.com/tag/babies/&usg=__RXA_p3EoD3Tg422dGp4dhqod3k4=&h=360&w=540&sz=42&hl=en&start=27&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1bj_93uwI8pzNM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Blooking%2Bfor%2Bpartially%2Bhidden%2Bobject%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=0GJdTYCxNoOClAfh-7TSCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.the-parenting-magazine.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/free-hidden-object-games-3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.the-parenting-magazine.com/tag/babies/&usg=__RXA_p3EoD3Tg422dGp4dhqod3k4=&h=360&w=540&sz=42&hl=en&start=27&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=1bj_93uwI8pzNM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=132&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Blooking%2Bfor%2Bpartially%2Bhidden%2Bobject%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=0GJdTYCxNoOClAfh-7TSCg -
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4 - 7 Months
Language DevelopmentResponds to sounds by making sounds
Uses voice to express joy/displeasure
Begins to distinguish emotions by toneof voice
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4- 7 Months
Cognitive DevelopmentFinds objects that are partially hidden
Will reach for objects that are heldfurther awayExplores with hands and mouth
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i.ehow.com/images/a06/2j/ga/development-ages-early-childhood-3.1-120X120.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ehow.com/about_6376970_development-ages-early-childhood.html&usg=__7Hty9RyIBe4wC66jGgsxbrUFiTw=&h=120&w=120&sz=13&hl=en&start=135&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=I5AuPz00QSFwuM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=88&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Blooking%2Bfor%2Bpartially%2Bhidden%2Bobject%26start%3D120%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=T2NdTYqxKMOclgf67-DpCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://i.ehow.com/images/a06/2j/ga/development-ages-early-childhood-3.1-120X120.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.ehow.com/about_6376970_development-ages-early-childhood.html&usg=__7Hty9RyIBe4wC66jGgsxbrUFiTw=&h=120&w=120&sz=13&hl=en&start=135&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=I5AuPz00QSFwuM:&tbnh=88&tbnw=88&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Blooking%2Bfor%2Bpartially%2Bhidden%2Bobject%26start%3D120%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=T2NdTYqxKMOclgf67-DpCg -
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4 7 MonthsSocial Emotional Development
Turns head when name is called
Smiles back at another person
Enjoys social play (peek a boo)
Interested in mirror images
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8 12 Months
Motor DevelopmentCan sit without assistanceCrawls on belly
Crawls on hands and kneesCan move from sitting to pronePulls self to standing
CruisesStands without help ( briefly)Takes a few steps
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lh5.ggpht.com/__htJmgPMz-s/S9i3kkUSIRI/AAAAAAAADQo/wu6XKrTcl6k/standing%2Bbaby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/lwe6JRZ10sjxyI1iM51INQ&usg=__XPDuN5dVQ2OA4ETiWCs0qhLHRxc=&h=3140&w=2592&sz=460&hl=en&start=33&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=71GPrTfrg_rV7M:&tbnh=150&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bstanding%2Bwithout%2Bhelp%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=umRdTbysJoa8lQerj9XOCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://lh5.ggpht.com/__htJmgPMz-s/S9i3kkUSIRI/AAAAAAAADQo/wu6XKrTcl6k/standing%2Bbaby.jpg&imgrefurl=http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/lwe6JRZ10sjxyI1iM51INQ&usg=__XPDuN5dVQ2OA4ETiWCs0qhLHRxc=&h=3140&w=2592&sz=460&hl=en&start=33&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=71GPrTfrg_rV7M:&tbnh=150&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bstanding%2Bwithout%2Bhelp%26start%3D20%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26gbv%3D2%26ndsp%3D20%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=umRdTbysJoa8lQerj9XOCg -
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8 12 Months
Language DevelopmentResponds to no
Makes sounds such a ma & da
mama & dada
Babbles
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8 12 MonthsSocial /Emotional Development
May become shy around strangers
Cries when primary caregiverleaves
Preferences for certain peopleand things
Will repeat sounds/actions forattention
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://comp.webstockpro.com/blend/bld014383.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.webstockpro.com/Blend/BLD014383.Baby-boy-in-high-chair-Photo/&usg=__-IQv-oE4bohX-5KOeADLqnS3MHw=&h=700&w=466&sz=62&hl=en&start=1&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=SUZ4Mj0q4S7scM:&tbnh=140&tbnw=93&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bwith%2Bbowl%2Bof%2Bspaghetti%2Bon%2Bhead%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=p2VdTaGtH4O0lQfP8_3oCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://comp.webstockpro.com/blend/bld014383.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.webstockpro.com/Blend/BLD014383.Baby-boy-in-high-chair-Photo/&usg=__-IQv-oE4bohX-5KOeADLqnS3MHw=&h=700&w=466&sz=62&hl=en&start=1&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=SUZ4Mj0q4S7scM:&tbnh=140&tbnw=93&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bwith%2Bbowl%2Bof%2Bspaghetti%2Bon%2Bhead%26hl%3Den%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=p2VdTaGtH4O0lQfP8_3oCg -
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12 24 Months
Motor DevelopmentWalks alone (by 18 months)Pulls toys while walkingCarries toys while walkingBegins to runClimbs onto furniture without
helpWalks up and down stairs holdingon for support
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.theracare.com/tc/images/photos/childhood-development.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.theracare.com/tc/resources/child-development.aspx&usg=__1DMErCKrrJ3UjaTsRxCTxfE0Nic=&h=345&w=300&sz=80&hl=en&start=4&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=psrThmxHjieWLM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bplaying%2Bturning%2Bhead%2Btoward%2Ba%2Bsound%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=YVtdTa-oNcT6lwfRhvTqCghttp://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.theracare.com/tc/images/photos/childhood-development.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.theracare.com/tc/resources/child-development.aspx&usg=__1DMErCKrrJ3UjaTsRxCTxfE0Nic=&h=345&w=300&sz=80&hl=en&start=4&zoom=1&itbs=1&tbnid=psrThmxHjieWLM:&tbnh=120&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dbaby%2Bplaying%2Bturning%2Bhead%2Btoward%2Ba%2Bsound%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG%26gbv%3D2%26tbs%3Disch:1&ei=YVtdTa-oNcT6lwfRhvTqCg -
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12 24 Months
Motor DevelopmentScribbles
Turns containers over to pour outwhat is inside
Can build block towers 4 or moreblocks
Points
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12 24 Months
Language DevelopmentPoints to interesting objectsPoints to a picture named
Says several single words ( 15 -18months)Uses two word sentences ( 18 24months)
Follows simple one step directionsRepeats words heard inconversations
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12- 24 Months
Cognitive DevelopmentFinds hidden objects
Begins to sort by color or shape
Begins simple pretend play
Understands words/ideas
Experiments with things
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12 24 MonthsSocial Development
Imitates behavior of others
Enjoys being around other childrenIncreasingly independent
Begins to show defiant behavior
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Two-Year-Olds
Begins to see self as a separateindividual with power
Attempts to gain as much control of hisworld as possiblePeriod of rapid development in all areas
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Language Milestones
2-Year-OldsExpressive Language
50-250 words
Beginning to ask questionsReceptive LanguageResponds to name and speech of othersUnderstands 500-900 words
Communicative CompetenceUses socialized greeting routinesUses language to make things happen
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Language
Red Flag Behaviors2-Year-Olds
Excessive drooling
Does not respond to nameRepeats non-communicative phrases
Excessive use of jargon
Typically silent for long periods of time
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Play Milestones
2-Year-OldsParallel playEngages in simple pretend play
Enjoys company of other children butmay fight over toys (no sharing)Completes simple puzzlesObserves others to see how to do things
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Play
Red Flag Behaviors2-Year-OldsDisplays no interest in age appropriatetoysShows little or no interest in exploringenvironmentEngages in perseverative activities
Resists adults attempts to play or teach
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Social Development Milestones2-Year-Olds
Comfortable with routinesSeems to understand what behaviors are
right or wrongUses any familiar adult as a resourceUses affective expressions to influencecaregivers
Engages in simple pretend play
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Social Development
Red Flag Behaviors2-Year-Olds
Unaware of others
Cannot calm down after a tantrum
Excessively aggressive
Shows no awareness when intruded
uponNo joint attention
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Cognitive Development
Milestones2-Year-OldsPoints to and names some body parts
Shows interest in booksCan listen to a story for 5 minutes
Learns from failure and attempts newstrategies
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Cognitive Development
Red Flag Behaviors2-Year-Olds
Shows little or no interest in exploring
environmentDoes not respond to nameStares blanklyDoes not establish or maintain eyecontactEngages in perseverative activities
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Three-Year-Olds
Exaggerated sense of importanceExperiments with different roles in play
Competitive, but cant tolerate losingIncreased ability to care for daily needsBeginning to develop a conscienceStrives for independence
Asks endless questionsExtremely active imagination
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Language Milestones
3-Year-OldsIncreased receptive & expressivevocabulary
Begins, maintains and ends aconversationFollows more than 1 two-step directionDysfluency or stuttering is normal
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3 Year old Language
MilestonesUses 5- 6 word sentences
Asks questions
Tells storiesSpeaks clearly
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Play Milestones
3-Year-OldsBegins to share
Takes turns
Plays interactively with another childRole plays
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Play Milestones 3 year olds
Uses riding toys
Uses dolls, animals , people in make
believe playRicher pretend/imaginative play
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Social Development Milestones3-Year-Olds
Increasingly independent
Beginning to problem solve
Shows remorse for unacceptablebehavior
Responds well to praise
May have an imaginary friend
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Social Development
Red Flag Behaviors3-Year-Olds
No eye contact
Self-stimulatesDisregard for limits or rules
Unprovoked physical aggression
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Cognitive Development
Milestones3-Year-OldsPuts together 7 piece interlockingpuzzle
Identifies basic shapes
Sorts or categorizes objects
Discriminates same/different
Can count by roteCan recall and understand pastexperiences
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Cognitive DevelopmentRed Flag Behaviors
3-Year-OldsUnresponsive to age-appropriatematerialsResists changeResists adults attempt to teachDoes not focus or attendDoes not transition well from one
activity to anotherUnable to participate in a groupactivity
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Four-Year-Olds
Good sense of self
Very social and fickle
Tests rules and limitsVery imaginative
Knows personal information about selfand family members
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Language Milestones
4-Year-OldsIncreased receptive and expressivevocabulary
Describes past and future experiencesin logical orderAsks and answers wh questionsShould be intelligible 75 100% of thetime
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Language Milestones4 - year - olds
Recalls parts of a story
Speaks in sentences
Uses future tense
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LanguageRed Flag Behaviors
4-Year-OldsExpresses anger or frustrationbecause child cannot adequatelyexpress himself Displays a limited range of intentionsHas difficulty participating in a groupactivity
Uses non-specific languageUnintelligible more than 25% of thetime
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Play Milestones
4-Year-OldsPrefers playing with children to playingalone
Chooses and maintains a friendshipNegotiates compromises with otherchildren
Gender differences in play emerge
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Play
Red Flag Behaviors4-Year-OldsAvoids interacting with anotherchild, even when approached byanother childTries to control the play of othersImpulsive
Demands constant adult supervisionShy, withdrawn child who cannot beeased into a social experience with 1or 2 other children
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Social Development Milestones4-Year-Olds
Conforms to established routines andrulesSeems to understand familyrelationshipsBegins, maintains and ends a socialinteractionDemonstrates empathy towards others
Imitates roles of adults outside of thehomeComplies with directions given by anyadult authority
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Social Development
Red Flag Behaviors4-Year-OldsShows inappropriate affect whensomeone is hurtDemonstrates unprovoked physicalaggression or verbal abuse towardfamiliar adultsIndiscriminately shows all adultsaffection
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Cognitive Development
Milestones4-Year-Olds
Understands time concepts
Categorizes common objectsRetells facts sequentially
Clearly distinguishes fact and fantasy
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Cognitive Development
Red Flag Behaviors4-Year-Olds
Consistently fails to complete
tasksHas difficulty tolerating transitionsand interruptions
Has difficulty tolerating changes indaily classroom routines
Slow to process information
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5- 8 - year- oldsSocial Emotional
DevelopmentMore independence from parents andfamily
Stronger sense of right and wrongBeginning awareness of the futureMore attention to friendships and teamworkGrowing desire to be liked and acceptedby friends
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5- 8 -year-olds
Self care skills ( feeding, dressing, washing,toileting)
Follows directions and rulesAble to work independently for short periodsEasily make changes and accept adult supervisionBegins to share with others- increases withpractice and age
Listens to stories without interruptingLooks at pictures and can tell storiesBegins to control himself or herself
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5- 8 year olds
Able to play in small groups with otherchildren
Speaks clearly, talks in completesentences
Can tell a simple story
Engages in make-believe and dress-upplay, child can assume a specific roleand sustain the play
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5- 8- year- olds
Rapid mental developmentCounting, adding simple amounts
Writing, reading (at least basic sightwords)Can draw a person with 6 body partsHas learned some specific sport/skills
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Red Flags
Hyperactivity which interferes withschool performanceInability to get along with peers orsiblingsLack of friendsBed wetting or soiling
Recurrent nightmaresTicsAggressive behaviorUnable to separate from caregiver
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Red Flag Behaviors
Across Ages andDevelopment
Lack of eye contact
Short attention spanEasily distractedLow frustration tolerancePoor focus
ImpulsivityLimited Language ( expressive,receptive, communicative competence)
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Child Development
IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER
A red flag behavior in isolation is notnecessarily a concern; look at a patternsor clusters of behaviors
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Putting Pieces Together
Observe the childChart behaviors
Is the child struggling to get through theday?Do they stand out as different fromtheir peers, consistently across peopleand settings?
Gather the ABCs
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Gather the ABCs
Time & Activity Antecedent Behavior Consequence Comments
Target Behavior :
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Your Role
Your role is to observe
Your role is to gather information
Your role is to inform, to share yourconcerns
Remember, that parents wont alwaysagree and do what you think is best
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Making the Decision to
Evaluate or Wait and SeeAsk yourself 3 important questions
When left to his own devices, how does thechild get through the day when compared to
peers?Does the child stand out as different ormore needy as compared to peers on a fairlyconsistent basis?Does this child seem to need more supportthan I can comfortably give or qualified togive?
If It Seems Likely That the Path
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If It Seems Likely That the PathLeads to an Evaluation, FollowThese Steps
Log behavior
Identify the behavior
When is it most likely to occur, least likelyWhat immediately preceded the behavior
What followed the behavior
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Thank you for your
attention
Contact Information: [email protected]@vclc.org
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