references from the draft staff report ... 4 a4-1 attachment 4 references from the draft staff...
TRANSCRIPT
Attachment 4
A4-1
ATTACHMENT 4
REFERENCES FROM THE DRAFT STAFF REPORT
Ackerman JT, Eagles-Smith CA, Takekawa JY, Demers SA, Adelsbach TL, Bluso JD, Keith Miles A, Warnock N, Suchanek TH, Schwarzbach SE. 2007. Mercury concentrations and space use of pre-breeding American avocets and black-necked stilts in San Francisco Bay. Science of the Total Environment 384 (1-3) 452-466.
Ackerman JT, Eagles-Smith CA, Takekawa JY, Bluso JD, Adelsbach TL. 2008. Mercury concentrations in blood and feathers of pre-breeding Forster’s terns in relation to space use of San Francisco Bay habitats. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 897-908.
Ackerman JT, Eagles-Smith CA. 2010. Agricultural wetlands as potential hotspots for mercury
bioaccumulation: Experimental evidence using caged fish. Environmental Science and
Technology 44 (4) 1451-1457.
Ackerman, JT, Eagles-Smith CA, Herzog MP. 2011. Bird Mercury Concentrations Change Rapidly as Chicks Age: Toxicological Risk is Highest at Hatching and Fledging. Environmental Science and Technology (45) 5418-5425. DOI: 10.1021/es200647g.
Ackerman JT, Overton CT, Casazza MLb , Takekawa JY, Eagles-Smith CA, Keister RA, Herzog
MP. 2012. Does mercury contamination reduce body condition of endangered California clapper
rails? Environmental Pollution (162) 439-448.
Ackerman JT, Eagles-Smith CA, Heinz GH, De La Cruz SE, Takekawa JY, Miles AK, Adelsbach
TL, Herzog MP, Bluso-Demers JD, Demers SA, Herring G., Hoffman DJ, Hartman CA, Willacker
JJ, Suchanek TH, Schwarzbach S, Maurer TC. 2014. Mercury in birds of San Francisco Bay-
Delta, California—Trophic pathways, bioaccumulation, and ecotoxicological risk to avian
reproduction: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2014-1251, 202 p.
Ackerman JT, Hartman CA, Eagles-Smith CA, Herzog MP, Davis J, Ichikawa G, Bonnema A.
2015a. Estimating Mercury Exposure to Piscivorous Birds and Sport Fish in California Lakes
Using Prey Fish Monitoring: A Tool for Managers: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report
2015-1106.
Ackerman JT, Hartman CA, Eagles-Smith CA, Herzog MP, Davis J, Ichikawa G, Bonnema A.
2015b. Estimating mercury exposure of piscivorous birds and sport fish
using prey fish monitoring. Environmental Science and Technology (49) 13596−13604.
Ackerman JT, Kraus TEC, Fleck, JA, Krabbenhoft DP, Horwath WR, Bachand S, Herzog MP,
Hartman CA, Bachand PAM. 2015. Experimental dosing of wetlands with coagulants removes
Attachment 4
A4-2
mercury from surface water and decreases mercury bioaccumulation in fish. Environmental
Science and Technology 49 (10) 6304-6311.
Adams EM, Frederick PC. 2008. Effects of methylmercury and spatial complexity on foraging
behavior and foraging efficiency in juvenile white ibises (Eudocimus albus). Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry 27 (8) 1708–1712.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 1999. Toxicological Profile for Mercury.
Atlanta, Georgia: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service.
Allen MJ, Velez PV, Diehl DW, McFadden SE, Kelsh M. 1996. Demographic variability in
seafood consumption rates among recreational anglers of Santa Monica Bay, California, in
1991-1992. Fishery Bulletin (94) 597-610.
Allen JM, Jarvis ET, Raco-Rands V, Lyon G , Reyes JA, Petschauer DM. 2008. Extent of
Fishing and Fish Consumption by Fishers in Ventura and Los Angeles County Watersheds in
2005. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, Costa Mesa, CA September 15,
2008 Technical Report 574.
Alpers CN, Stewart AR, Saiki MK, Marvin-DiPasquale MC, Topping BR, Rider KM, Gallanthine
SK, Kester CA, Rye, RO, Antweiler RC, De Wild JF. 2008. Environmental factors affecting
mercury in Camp Far West Reservoir, California, 2001–03: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific
Investigations Report 2006-5008, 358 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2006/5008/
Alpers CN, Fleck JA, Marvin-DiPasquale M, Stricker CA, Stephenson M, Taylor HE. 2014.
Mercury cycling in agricultural and managed wetlands, Yolo Bypass, California: Spatial and
seasonal variations in water quality. Science of the Total Environment (484) 276–287.
Alpers CN, Yee JL, Ackerman JT, Orlando JL, Slotton DG, Marvin-DiPasquale MC.
Prediction of fish and sediment mercury in streams using landscape variables and historical
mining. Submitted for publication in Science of the Total Environment.
Anderson HA, Hanrahan LP, Smith A, L Draheim L, Kanarek M, Olsen J. 2004. The role of
sport-fish consumption advisories in mercury risk communication: a 1998–1999 12-state survey
of women age 18–45. Environmental Research 95 (3) 315-324.
Anderson DW, Suchanek TH, Eagles-Smith CA, Cahill TM. 2008. Mercury residues and
productivity in osprey and grebes from a mine-dominated ecosystem. Ecological Applications 18
(8 SUPPL.) A227-A238.
Association of Metropolitan Sewage Agencies. 2000. Evaluation of Domestic Sources of
Mercury, 31 p.
Attachment 4
A4-3
ATES/OEHHA (Air Toxics Epidemiology Section/Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment). 2000. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Part IV: Technical Support Document for
Exposure Assessment and Stochastic Analysis. September 2000.
Attwater WR, Markle J. 1988. Overview of California Water Rights and Water Quality Law.
Pacific Law Journal (19) 957-1028.
Bachand PAM, Bachand SM, Fleck JA, Alpers CN, Stephenson M, Windham-Myers L. 2014
Methylmercury production in and export from agricultural wetlands in California, USA: The need
to account for physical transport processes into and out of the root zone. Science of The Total
Environment 472 (15) 957-970.
Barr JF. 1986. Population dynamics of the common loon (Gavia immer) associated with
mercury-contaminated waters in northwestern Ontario. Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional
Paper No 56 Ottawa, Canada, 25 p.
Barr JF 1996. Aspects of common loon (Gavia immer) feeding biology on its breeding ground.
Hydrobiologia (321) 119–144.
Basu N, Scheuhammer AM, Bursian SJ, Elliott J, Rouvinen-Watt K, Chan HM. 2007. Mink as a
sentinel species in environmental health. Environmental Research 103 (1) 130-144.
Basu N, Scheuhammer AM, Sonne C, Letcher RJ, Born EW, Dietz R. 2009. Is dietary mercury
of neurotoxicological concern to wild polar bears (Ursus Maritimus)? Environmental Toxicology
and Chemistry 28 (1) 133-140.
Beckvar N, Dillon TM, Read LB. 2005. Approaches for linking whole-body fish tissue residues of
mercury or DDT to biological effects thresholds. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 24
(8) 2094-2105.
Benoit, JM, Gilmour CC, Mason RP, Heyes AP. 1999. Sulfide control on mercury specification
and bioavailability to methylating bacteria in sediment porewaters. Environmental Science &
Technology (33) 951-957.
Bliss Singer M, Aalto R, James LA, Kilham NE, Higson JL, Ghoshal S. 2013. Enduring legacy of
a toxic fan via episodic redistribution of California gold mining debris. Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences 110 (46) 18436–18441.
Booth S, Zeller D. 2005. Mercury, food webs, and marine mammals: implications of diet.
Environmental Health Perspectives 113 (5) 521-6.
Attachment 4
A4-4
Bonnema A. 2014. Quality Assurance Project Plan: A Study of Lakes and Reservoirs with Low
Concentrations of Contaminants in Sport Fish. Moss Landing Marine Labs. Prepared for
SWAMP BOG, 64 pages plus appendices and attachments.
Bouton SN, Frederick PC, Spalding MG, McGill H. 1999. Effects of chronic, low concentrations
of dietary methylmercury on the behavior of juvenile great egrets. Environmental Toxicology and
Chemistry 18 (9) 1934-1939.
Bowerman WW, Evans ED, Giesy JP, Postupalsky S. 1994. Using feathers to assess risk of
mercury and selenium to bald eagle reproduction in the Great Lakes Region. Archives of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (27) 294-298.
Brasso RL, Cristol DA. 2008. Effects of mercury exposure on the reproductive success of tree
swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). Ecotoxicology 17 (2) 133-41.
Brodberg RK and Pollock GA. 1999. Prevalence of Selected Target Chemical Contaminants in
Sport Fish From Two California Lakes: Public Health Designed Screening Study. Final Project
Report CX 825856-01-0. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, June 1999.
Sacramento, CA.
Brookens TJ, Harvey JT, O’Hara TM. 2007. Trace element concentrations in the Pacific harbor
seal (Phoca vitulina richardii) in central and northern California. Science of the Total
Environment (372) 676-692.
Brown-Williams H, Lichterman J, Norris S, VanDerslice J. 2008. Fish contamination:
environmental and health risk. Perspectives Health Research for Action 3(1). UC Berkeley, CA.
Brumbaugh WG, Krabbenhoft DP, Helsel DR, Wiener JG, Echols KR. 2001. A National Pilot
Study of Mercury Contamination of Aquatic Ecosystems Along Multiple Gradients:
Bioaccumulation in Fish. USGS/BRD/BSR-2001-0009.
Burgess NM, Meyer MW. 2008. Methylmercury exposure associated with reduced productivity
in common loons. Ecotoxicology 17 (2) 83-91.
Cahill, TM, Anderson, DW, Elbert, RA, Parley, BP, Johnson, DR. 1998. Elemental profiles in
feather samples from a mercury-contaminated lake in Central California. Archives of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 35 (1) 75-81.
California Environmental Protection Agency. 2009. Cal/EPA policy Memorandum: Cal/EPA
Policy for Working with California Indian Tribes. State of California, California Environmental
Protection Agency, Cal/EPA-019 (New 05/18/05).
Attachment 4
A4-5
California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 1990. California Wildlife Habitat Relationships System. Originally published in: Zeiner, D.C., W.F.Laudenslayer, Jr., K.E. Mayer, and M. White, eds. 1988-1990. California's Wildlife. Vol. I-III. Sacramento, California. Updated. California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Sacramento, CA. www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cwhr/cawildlife.aspx
California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2001. California’s Living Marine Resources: A Status
Report. California Department of Fish and Game. Editors William S. Leet, Christopher M.
Dewees, Richard Klingbeil, Eric J. Larson.
California Department of Fish and Wildlife. 2008. California Bird Species of Special Concern.
Sacramento, CA. www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/nongame/ssc/
California Department of Health Services. (Unpublished). Delta-San Joaquin River Pilot Angler
Survey, 2005. Environmental Health Investigations Branch, Richmond, CA.
California Water Boards. 2013. Statewide Mercury Control Program for Reservoirs. September
2013. www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/mercury/reservoirs/docs/factsheet.pdf
Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. 2000. Canadian Tissue Residue Guidelines
for the Protection of Wildlife Consumers of Aquatic Biota: Methylmercury. In: Canadian
Environmental Quality Guidelines, 1999. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment,
Winnipeg.
Carlson JR, Cristol D, Swaddle JP. 2014. Dietary mercury exposure causes decreased escape
takeoff flight performance and increased molt rate in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris).
Ecotoxicology 23 (8) 1464-73.
Casazza ML, Ricca MA, Overton CT, Takekawa JY, Merritt AM, Ackerman JT. 2014. Dietary
mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San Francisco Bay. Marine
Pollution Bulletin 86 (1-2) 254-260.
CCCPWD (Contra Costa County Public Works Department). (Unpublished). Contra Costa
County Public Works Department Boater Survey 2005.
CDHS (California Department of Health Services). (Unpublished). Sacramento River Angler
Survey Report 2003. Environmental Health Investigations Branch, Richmond, CA.
CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2012. Salton Sea Bird Species. Lead CDFW biologist: Karen Riesz. Sacramento, CA. last visited July 2012. www.dfg.ca.gov/regions/6/Conservation/SaltonSeaBirdSpecies.html CDFW (California Department of Fish and Wildlife). 2013. State and Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Animals of California. October 2013. Sacramento CA. www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/nongame/t_e_spp/
Attachment 4
A4-6
Central Coast Water Board (Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2002. Las
Tablas Creek and Lake Nacimiento Total Maximum Daily Load for Mercury (Draft).
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralcoast/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/las_tablas_lake_
naci/las_tablas_mercury_tmdl__proj_rpt.pdf
Central Coast Water Board (Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2004. Total
Maximum Daily Load Technical Support Analysis for Mercury Impairment of Clear Creek and
Hernandez Reservoir.
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/rwqcb3/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/clear_creek/clr_crk_h
g_tmdl_staff_rpt.pdf
Central Coast Water Board (Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2011. Water
Quality Control Plan for the Central Coast Basin. June 2011. San Luis Obispo, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralcoast/publications_forms/publications/basin_plan/docs/
basin_plan_2011.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2002. Clear
Lake TMDL for Mercury Staff Report.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/rwqcb5/water_issues/tmdl/central_valley_projects/clear_lake_hg/cl_fin
al_tmdl.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2002.
Amendments to the Water Quality Control Plan for the Sacramento River and San Joaquin
River Basins for the Control of mercury in Clear lake (Lake County) Clear Lake TMDL for
Mercury. Staff Report and Functional Equivalent Document. Final Report, December 2002.
Rancho Cordova, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/rwqcb5/water_issues/tmdl/central_valley_projects/clear_lake_hg/cl_fin
al_rpt.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2004. Cache
Creek, Bear Creek, and Harley Gulch TMDL for Mercury. Staff Report, November 2004. Rancho
Cordova, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralvalley/water_issues/tmdl/central_valley_projects/cache_sulphur
_creek/cache_nov2004_a.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2005.
Amendments to the Water Quality Control Plan for the Sacramento River and San Joaquin
River Basins For The Control of Mercury in Cache Creek, Bear Creek, Sulphur Creek, and
Harley Gulch. Staff Report, October 2005. Rancho Cordova, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralvalley/water_issues/tmdl/central_valley_projects/cache_sulphur
_creek/cache_crk_hg_final_rpt_oct2005.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2008.
Mercury Inventory in the Cache Creek Canyon. Staff Report. February 2008. Rancho Cordova,
Attachment 4
A4-7
CA. www.waterboards.ca.gov/rwqcb5/water_issues/tmdl/central_valley_projects/
cache_sulphur_creek/cache_crk_rpt.pdf
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2009. Fourth
Edition of the Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan) for the Sacramento River and San
Joaquin River Basin. Revised October 2011 with Approved Amendments. Sacramento, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralvalley/water_issues/basin_plans/
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2010a. A
Review of Methylmercury and Inorganic Mercury Discharges from NPDES Facilities in
California’s Central Valley Staff Report Final. March 2010. Rancho Cordova, CA.
Central Valley Water Board (Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2010b.
Sacramento – San Joaquin Delta Estuary TMDL for methylmercury. Staff Report, April 2010.
Rancho Cordova, CA. www.waterboards.ca.gov/centralvalley/water_issues/
tmdl/central_valley_projects/index.shtml
Churchill RK. 2000. Contributions of mercury to California's environment from mercury and gold
mining activities; insights from the historical record. In: Extended Abstracts for the U.S. EPA
Sponsored Meeting: Assessing and Managing Mercury from Historic and Current Mining
Activities. November 28-30, 2000. San Francisco, Calif., p. 33-36 and S35-S48.
Cirone P, Faustman EM, Kauffman K, MacMillan S, McBride D, Rothlein J. 2008. Human Health
Focus Group Report Oregon Fish and Shellfish Consumption Rate Project. June 2008. For the
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Portland OR.
www.deq.state.or.us/wq/standards/fishfocus.htm
Cornell lab of Ornithology. 2016. All about birds: www.allaboutbirds.org
Cristol DA, Brasso RL, Condon AM, Fovargue RE, Friedman SL, Hallinger KK, Monroe AP,
White AE. 2008. The movement of aquatic mercury through terrestrial food webs. Science 320
(5874) 335.
Cristol DA, Mojica EK, Varian-Ramos CW, Watts BD. 2012. Molted feathers indicate low
mercury in bald eagles of the Chesapeake Bay, USA. Ecological Indicators (18) 20-24.
Crump KL, Trudeau VL. 2009. Mercury-induced reproductive impairment in fish. Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry 28 (5) 895-907.
Crump KL, Trudeau VL. 2009. Mercury-induced reproductive impairment in fish. Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry 28 (5) 895-907.
Dahl TE. 1990. Wetlands losses in the United States 1780's to 1980's. U.S. Department of the
Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife
Research Center Online. (Version 16JUL97)
Attachment 4
A4-8
www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/wetlands/wetloss/index.htm
Dansereau M, Lariviere N, Tremblay DD, Belanger D. 1999. Reproductive performance of two
generations of female semidomesticated mink fed diets containing organic mercury
contaminated freshwater fish. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (36)
221-226.
Davis, JA, Melwani AR, Bezalel SN, Hunt JA, Ichikawa G, Bonnema A, Heim WA, Crane D,
Swenson S, Lamerdin C, Stephenson M. 2010. Contaminants in Fish from California Lakes and
Reservoirs, 2007-2008: Summary Report on a Two-Year Screening Survey. A Report of the
Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP). California State Water Resources
Control Board, Sacramento, CA.
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/swamp/docs/lakes_study/lake_survey_y
r2_full_rpt.pdf
Davis JA, Looker RE, Yee D, Marvin-Di Pasquale M, Grenier JL, Austin CA, McKee, LJ,
Greenfield BK, Brodberg R, Blum JD. 2012. Reducing methylmercury accumulation in the food
web of San Francisco Bay and its local watersheds. Environmental Research (119) 3-26.
Davis JA, Ross JRM, Bezalel SN, Hunt JA, Melwani AR, Allen RM, Ichikawa G, Bonnema A,
Heim WA, Crane D, Swenson S, Lamerdin C, Stephenson M, Schiff K. 2012. Contaminants in
Fish from the California Coast, 2009-2010: Summary Report on a Two-Year Screening Survey.
A Report of the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP). California State Water
Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA.
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/swamp/coast_study.shtml
Davis, JA, Ross JRM, Bezalel SN, Hunt JA, Ichikawa G, Bonnema A, Heim WA, Crane D,
Swenson S, Lamerdin C. 2013. Contaminants in Fish from California Rivers and Streams, 2011.
A Report of the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP). California State Water
Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA.
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/swamp/rivers_study.shtml
Debes F, Budtz-Jorgensen E,Weihe P, White RF, Grandjean P. 2006. Impact of prenatal
methylmercury exposure on neurobehavioral function at age 14 years. Neurotoxicology
Teratology (28) 536-547.
Department of Conservation. 2013. Welcome to the Abandoned Mine Lands Unit. Accessed
January 2015: www.consrv.ca.gov/omr/abandoned_mine_lands
Depew DC, Basu N, Burgess NM, Campbell LM, Devlin EW, Drevnick PE, Hammerschmidt CR,
Murphy CA, Sandheinrich MB, Wiener JG. 2012. Toxicity of dietary methylmercury to fish:
Derivation of ecologically meaningful threshold concentrations. Environmental Toxicology and
Chemistry 31 (7) 1536-1547.
Attachment 4
A4-9
Depew DC, Basu N, Burgess NM, Campbell LM, Evers DC, Grasman KA, Scheuhammer AM.
2012b. Derivation of screening benchmarks for dietary methylmercury exposure for the common
loon (Gavia immer): Rational for use in ecological risk assessment. Environmental Toxicology
and Chemistry 31 (10) 2399–2407.
DesGranges JL, Rodrigue J, Laperle M. 1998. Mercury accumulation and biomagnification in
ospreys (Pandion haliaetus) in the James Bay and Hudson Bay regions of Quebec. Archives of
Environmental Contamination Toxicology (35) 330-341.
DeSorbo CR, Nye P, Loukmas JJ, Evers DC. 2008. Assessing mercury exposure and spatial
patterns in adult and nestling bald eagles in New York State, with an emphasis on the Catskill
Region. Report BRI 2008-06 submitted to The Nature Conservancy, Albany, New York.
BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, Maine, p. 34.
DeSorbo CR, Todd CS, Mierzykowski SE, Evers DC, Hanson W. 2009. Assessment of Mercury
in Maine’s Interior Bald Eagle Population. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Special Project Report
FY07-MEFO-3-EC. Maine Field Office, Old Town, ME, p. 42.
Dietz R, Born EW, Rigét F, Aubail A, Sonne C, Drimmie R, Basu N. 2011. Temporal trends and
future predictions of mercury concentrations in Northwest Greenland polar bear (Ursus
maritimus) hair. Environmental Science and Technology 45 (4) 1458-1465.
Dijkstra JA, Buckman KL, Ward D, Evans DW, Dionne M, Chen CY. 2013. Experimental and
natural warming elevates mercury concentrations in estuarine fish. PLoS One (8) e58401,
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058401.
DTSC (Department of Toxic Substances Control). 2002. SB 633: California's Mercury Reduction
Act of 2001. Fact sheet May 2002. California Department of Toxic Substances Control.
http://www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/Mercury/upload/EA_FS_SB633-2.pdf
DTSC (Department of Toxic Substances Control). 2008. Managing Universal Waste in
California. Fact Sheet 2008. California Department of Toxic Substances Control.
www.dtsc.ca.gov/HazardousWaste/EWaste/upload/HWM_FS_UWR.pdf
Eagles-Smith, CA, Ackerman JT. 2009. Rapid changes in small fish mercury concentrations in estuarine wetlands: implications for wildlife risk and monitoring programs. Environmental Science and Technology (43) 8658-8664.
Eagles-Smith CA, Ackerman JT, De La Cruz SEW, Takekawa JY. 2009. Mercury
bioaccumulation and risk to three water bird foraging guilds is influenced by foraging ecology
and breeding stage. Environmental Pollution (157) 1993-2002.
Attachment 4
A4-10
Eagles-Smith CA, Ackerman JT. 2010. Developing Impairment Thresholds for the Effects of
Mercury on Forster’s Tern Reproduction in San Francisco Bay: Data Summary. U. S. Geological
Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Davis, CA.
Eckley CS, Branfireun B. 2008. Mercury mobilization in urban stormwater runoff. Science of the
Total Environment. 403 (1-3) 164-77.
Edmonds ST, Evers DC, O’Driscoll NJ, Mettke-Hofmann C, Powell LL, Cristol D, McGann AJ,
Armiger JW, Lane O, Tessler DF, Newell P. 2010. Geographic and seasonal variation in
mercury exposure of the declining rusty blackbird. Condor 112 (4) 789-799.
Energy & Environmental Research Center. 2011. Selenium and Mercury Fishing for Answers.
Center for Air Toxic Metals® at the University of North Dakota. September 2011.
http://www.undeerc.org/fish/pdfs/Selenium-Mercury.pdf
Ehrler CP, Elliott ML, Roth JE, Steinbeck JR, Miller AK, Sydeman WJ, Zoidis AM. 2006.
Oakland Harbor Deepening Project (-50’): Least Tern, Fish, and Plume Monitoring. Project Year
2005 and Four-Year Final Monitoring Report. Tetra Tech, Inc., San Francisco, CA. July 2006.
Elbert RA, Anderson DW. 1998. Mercury levels, reproduction, and hematology in western
grebes from three California lakes. USA. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17 (2) 210-
213.
Environmental Health Coalition. 2005. Survey of Fishers on Piers in San Diego Bay, Results
and Conclusions. 4 May 2005 http://www.environmentalhealth.org/CBCPierFish-
ersSurveyReport.htm
Evers D, Lane O, Savoy L, Goodale W. 2004. Assessing the Impacts of Methylmercury on
Piscivorous Wildlife Using a Wildlife Criterion Value Based on the Common Loon, 1998-2003.
Report BRI 2004–05 submitted to the Maine Department of Environmental Protection.
BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, MN.
Evers DC, Mason RP, Kamman, NC, Chen CY, Bogomolni AL, Taylor DL, Hammerschmidt CR,
Jones, SH, Burgess NM, Munney K, Parsons KC. 2008a. Integrated mercury monitoring
program for temperate estuarine and marine ecosystems on the North American Atlantic coast.
Ecohealth (5) 426-441.
Evers DC, Savoy LJ, DeSorbo CR, Yates DE, Hanson W, Taylor KM, Siegel LS, Cooley JH Jr,
Bank MS, Major A, Munney K, Mower BF, Vogel HS, Schoch N, Pokras M, Goodale MW, Fair J.
2008b. Adverse effects from environmental mercury loads on breeding common loons.
Ecotoxicology 17 (2) 69-81.
Evers DC, Jackson AK, Tear TH, Osborne, CE. 2012. Hidden Risk: Mercury in Terrestrial
Ecosystems of the Northeast. Biodiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME.
Attachment 4
A4-11
Fimreite N. 1971. Effects of methylmercury on ring-necked pheasants, with special reference to
reproduction. Canadian Wildlife Service Occasional Paper (9) 39.
FishBio 2014. Putting a Price Tag on Nature: Part 2. The Fish Report. July 21, 2014. Oakdale,
CA. http://fishbio.com/field-notes/the-fish-report/whats-salmon-worth
Fleck JA, Alpers CN, Marvin-DiPasquale M, Hothem RL, Wright SA, Ellett K, Beaulieu E, Agee
JL, Kakouros E, Kieu LH, Eberl DD, Blum AE, May JT. 2011. The Effects of Sediment and
Mercury Mobilization in the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek Confluence Area, Nevada
County, California: Concentrations, Speciation, and Environmental Fate—Part 1: Field
Characterization: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1325A, 104 p.
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1325A/
Fleck JA, Gill G, Bergamaschi BA, Kraus TEC, Downing BD, Alpers CN. 2014. Concurrent
photolytic degradation of aqueous methylmercury and dissolved organic matter. Science of the
Total Environment. (484) 263–275.
Fleck JA, Kraus TEC, Krabbenhoft DP, Ackerman JT, Stumpner EB, DeWild J. 2014. The
Relative Contribution of Hg Sources to MeHg Production and Bioaccumulation in the Delta:
Preliminary Results from Mesocosm Experiments Using Stable Hg Isotopes. Presentation to the
Delta Mercury Tributaries Council. Aug 12, 2014. www.sacriver.org/files/documents/dtmc-
documents/201408_1_MesocosmStudy.pdf
Frederick P, Jayasena N. 2010. Altered pairing behavior and reproductive success in white
ibises exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of methylmercury. Proceedings of the
Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278 (1713) 1851-1857.
Frederick P, Campbell A, Jayasena N, Borkhataria R. 2011. Survival of white ibises (Eudocimus
albus) in response to chronic experimental methylmercury exposure. Ecotoxicology 20 (2) 358-
364.
Friends of the Los Angeles River. 2008. State of the River 2: The Fish Study. September 2008.
Los Angeles, CA. http://ucanr.org/blogs/Green/blogfiles/5222.pdf
Frost N. 2013. California Least Tern Breeding Survey: 2012 Season. 30 October 2013.
California Department of Fish and Wildlife. San Diego, CA .
Ganther HE, Goudie C, Sunde ML, Kopicky MJ, Wagner P, Oh SH, Hoekstra WG. 1972.
Selenium relation to decreased toxicity of methylmercury added to diets containing tuna.
Science 175 (4026) 1122–1124.
Ganther HE, Sunde ML. 2007. Factors modifying methylmercury toxicity and metabolism.
Biological Trace Element Research (119) 221–233.
Attachment 4
A4-12
Gassel M, Brodberg RK. 2005. General Protocol for Sport Fish Sampling and Analysis.
December 2005. Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Branch, Office of Environmental
Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency. Sacramento, CA.
Grandjean P, Weihe P, Burse VW, Needham LL, Storr-Hansen E, Heinzow B, Debes F, Murata
K, Simonsen H, Ellefsen P, Budtz-Jørgensen E, Keiding N, White RF. 2001. Neurobehavioral
deficits associated with PCB in 7-year-old children prenatally exposed to seafood
neurotoxicants. Neurotoxicology Teratology (23) 305–17.
Greenfield BK, Slotton DG, Harrold KH. 2013. Predictors of mercury spatial patterns in San
Francisco Bay forage fish. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 32 (12) 2728-2737.
Grenier L, Marvin-DiPasquale M, Drury D, Hunt J, Robinson A, Bezalel S, Melwani A, Agee J,
Kakouros E, Kieu L, Windham-Myers L, Collins J. 2010. South Baylands Mercury Project:
Cooperator Report Prepared for the California State Coastal Conservancy by San Francisco
Estuary Institute. U.S. Geological Survey, and Santa Clara Valley Water District, 97 p.
www.sfei.org/sites/default/files/SBMP_Final%20Report%2010FEB2010.pdf
Grenier JL, Davis JA, Ross JRM. 2011. Recent findings on how pollutants impact birds in San
Francisco Bay. p. 78-89. In: SFEI, 2011. The Pulse of the Estuary: Pollutant Effects on Aquatic
Life. SFEI Contribution 660. San Francisco Estuary Institute, Oakland, CA.
Griffiths C, McGartland A, Miller M. 2006. A Note on Trasande et al., “Public Health and
Economic Consequences of Methylmercury Toxicity to the Developing Brain.” National Center
for Environmental Economics Working Paper Series Working Paper # 06-02 April, 2006.
Hallinger KK, Zabransky DJ, Kazmer KA, Cristol DA. 2010. Birdsong Differs between Mercury-
Polluted and Reference Sites. Auk 127(1) 156-161.
Hanlon JA. 2007. Memorandum: Analytical Methods for Mercury in National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) Permits. James A. Hanlon, Director, EPA Office of Wastewater
Management, August 23, 2007.
Harada M. 1995. Minamata disease: methylmercury poisoning in Japan caused by
environmental pollution. Critical Reviews in Toxicology (25) 1–24.
Harnly M, Seidel S, Rojas P, Fornes R, Flessel P, Smith D, Kreutzer R, Goldman L. 1997.
Biological monitoring for mercury within a community with soil and fish contamination.
Environmental Health Perspectives 105 (4) 424-429.
Harper ER, St. Leger JA, Westberg JA, Mazzaro L, Schmitt T, Reidarson TH, Tucker M, Cross
DH, Puschner B. 2007. Tissue heavy metal concentrations of stranded California sea lions
(Zalophus californianus) in Southern California. Environmental Pollution 147 (3) 677-682.
Attachment 4
A4-13
Harper B, Ranco D. 2009. Wabanaki Traditional Cultural Lifeways Exposure Scenario. Prepared
for EPA in collaboration with the Maine Tribes. July 9, 2009.
www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-08/documents/ditca.pdf
Harris RC, Rudd JWM, Amyot M, Babiarz CL, Beaty KG, Blanchfield PL, Bodaly RA, Branfireun
BA, Gilmour CC, Graydon JA, Heyes A, Hintelmann H, Hurley JP, Kelly CA, Krabbenhoft DP,
Lindberg SE, Mason RP, Paterson MJ, Podemski CL, Robinson A, Sandilands KA, Southworth
GR, St. Louis VL, Tate MT. 2007. Whole-ecosystem study shows rapid fish-mercury response
to changes in mercury deposition. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences 104 (42)
16586-16591. doi:10.1073/pnas.0704186104.
Heinz GH. 1979. Methylmercury: reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of
mallard ducks. Journal of Wildlife Management 43 (2) 394-401.
Heinz G, Hoffman DJ, Klimstra JD, Stebbins KR, Kondrad SL, Erwin CA. 2009. Species
differences in the sensitivity of avian embryos to methylmercury. Archives Environmental
Contamination and Toxicology (56) 129-138.
Henry EA, Dodge-Murphy LJ, Bigham GN, Klein SM Gilmour CC. 1995. Total Mercury and
Methylmercury Mass Balance in an Alkaline Hypereutrophic Urban Lake (Onondaga Lake, NY).
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution (80) 509-518.
Hightower JM, Moore D. 2003. Mercury levels in high-end consumers of fish. Environmental
Health Perspectives 111 (4) 604-608.
Hintelmann H, Harris R, Heyes A, Hurley JP, Kelly CA, Krabbenhoft DP, Lindberg S, Rudd
JWM, Scott KJ, St. Louis VL. 2002. Reactivity and mobility of new and old mercury deposition in
a boreal forest ecosystem during the first year of the METAALICUS study. Environmental
Science and Technology (36) 5034-5040.
Hoffman DJ, Heinz GH. 1998. Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and
oxidative stress in mallard ducks. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry (17) 161-166.
Hothem RL, Bergen DR, Bauer ML, Crayon JJ, Meckstroth AM. 2007. Mercury and Trace Elements in Crayfish from Northern California. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 79 (6) 628-632.
Humphreys R. 2005. Staff Report: Mercury Losses and Recovery During a Suction Dredge Test
in the South Fork of the American River. May 2005. Division of Water Quality, California Water
Boards.
Attachment 4
A4-14
Hurley J P, Benoit JM, Babiarz CL, Shafer MM, Andren AW, Sullivan JR, Hammond R, Webb
DA. 1995. Influences of watershed characteristics on mercury levels in Wisconsin rivers.
Environmental Science and Technology (29) 1867-1875.
Iyengar GV, Rapp ASO. 2001. Human placenta as a “Duel” biomarker for monitoring fetal and
maternal environment with special reference to potentially toxic trace elements. Part 3: toxic
trace elements in placenta and placenta as a biomarker for these elements. Science of the Total
Environment 280 (1-3) 221-38.
Jackman RE, Hunt WG, Jenkins JM, Detrich PJ. 1999. Prey of nesting bald eagles in Northern
California. Journal of Raptor Research (33) 87-96.
Jackman RE, Hunt WG, Hutchins NL, Watson JW. 2007. Bald eagle foraging and reservoir
management in Northern California. Journal of Raptor Research 41(3) 202-211.
Jackson A, Evers DC, Etterson MA, Condon AM, Folsom SB, Detweiler J, Schmerfeld J, Cristol
DA. 2011. Mercury exposure affects the reproductive success of a free-living terrestrial
songbird, the Carolina Wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus). Auk 128, 759–769.
Jedrychowski W, Jankowski J, Flak E, Skarupa A, Mroz E, Sochacka-Tatara E, Lisowska-
Miszczyk I, Szpanowska-Wohn A, Rauh V, Skolicki Z, Kaim I, Perera F. 2006. Effects of
prenatal exposure to mercury on cognitive and psychomotor function in one-year-old infants:
epidemiologic cohort study in Poland. Annals of Epidemiology (16) 439–447.
Johansson K, Aatrup M, Andersson A, Bringmark L, Iverfeldt A. 1991. Mercury in Swedish forest
soils and waters - assessment of critical load. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution (56) 267-281.
Kenow KP, Grasman KA, Hines R, Meyer MW, Gendron-Fitzpatrick A, Spalding MG, Gray BR.
2007. Effects of methylmercury exposure on the immune function of juvenile common loons
(Gavia immer). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 26 (7) 1460-1469.
Kenow KP, Hines RK, Meyer MW, Suarez SA, Gray BR. 2010. Effects of methylmercury
exposure on the behavior of captive-reared common loon (Gavia immer) chicks. Ecotoxicology
19 (5) 933-44.
Khan AK, Wang F. 2009. Mercury-selenium compounds and their toxicological significance:
Toward a molecular understanding of the mercury-selenium antagonism. Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 1567–1577.
Klasing S, Brodberg R. 2008. Development of Fish Contaminant Goals and Advisory Tissue
Levels for Common Contaminants in California Sport Fish: Chlordane, DDTs, Dieldrin,
Methylmercury, PCBs, Selenium, and Toxaphene. June 2008. Office of Environmental Health
Hazard Assessment. Sacramento, CA.
Attachment 4
A4-15
Knobeloch L, Steenport D, Schrank C, Anderson H. 2006. Methylmercury exposure in
Wisconsin: a case study series. Environmental Research (101) 113–122.
Kuwabara JS, Topping BR, Moon GE, Husby P, Lincoff A, Carter JL, Croteau MN. 2005.
Mercury Accumulation by Lower Trophic-Level Organisms in Lentic Systems within the
Guadalupe River Watershed, California: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report
2005-5037, 59 p. http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2005/5037/
Larry Walker and Associates. 2002. Mercury Source Control & Pollution Prevention Program
Evaluation Final Report Prepared for: Association of Metropolitan Sewerage Agencies (AMSA)
Under Grant from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. March 2002 (Amended July 2002).
http://archive.nacwa.org/getfileb882.pdf?fn=finalreport.pdf
Lemes M, Wang FY, Stern GA, Ostertag SK, Chan HM. 2011. Methylmercury and selenium
speciation in different tissues of beluga whales (Delphinapterus Leucas) from the Western
Canadian Arctic. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 30 (12) 2732-2738.
Los Angeles Water Board (Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2006. Proposed
amendment to water quality control plan – Los Angeles Region, to incorporate TMDL for metals
and selenium in Calleguas Creek, its tributaries and Mugu Lagoon. June 2006.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/board_decisions/basin_plan_amendments/technical_docu
ments/2006-012/06_0602/03%20Revised%20BPA.pdf
Los Angeles Water Board and U.S. EPA. (Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board
and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2011. Dominguez Channel and greater Los
Angeles and Long Beach Harbor water toxic pollutants TMDLs. Staff Report. May 2011.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/board_decisions/basin_plan_amendments/technical_docu
ments/66_New/11_0630/03%20Final%20Staff%20Report%2006%2030%2011.pdf
http://63.199.216.6/bpa/docs/R11-008_RB_BPA.pdf
Lynch ML, Huang LS, Cox C, Strain JJ, Myers GJ, Bonham MP, Shamlaye CF, Stokes-Riner A,
Wallace JMW, Duffy EM, Clarkson TW, Davidson PW. 2011. Varying coefficient function models
to explore interactions between maternal nutritional status and prenatal methylmercury toxicity
in the Seychelles Child Development Nutrition Study. Environmental Research (111) 75–80.
Ma’at Youth Academy. (no date). The Effects of Fish Consumption on Exposure to
Methylmercury Contamination In Residents of Contra Costa County: A Community Based
Participatory Research.
Mallory M, Metz K. 1999. Common Merganser (Mergus merganser) In: The Birds of North
America, No. 442. A. Pool and F Gill, editors. Philadelphia, The Academy of Natural Sciences
and Washington D.C, The American Ornithologists’ Union.
Attachment 4
A4-16
Marsh G. 2014. Abandoned Mine Lands Program. Presentation to the Delta Tributaries Mercury
Council. Aug 12, 2014. www.sacriver.org/files/documents/dtmc-
documents/201411_3_AbandonedMineLands.pdf
Marvin-DiPasquale M, Agee JL, Kakouros E, Kieu LH, Fleck JA, Alpers CN. 2011. The Effects
of Sediment and Mercury Mobilization in the South Yuba River and Humbug Creek Confluence
Area, Nevada County, California: Concentrations, Speciation and Environmental Fate—Part 2:
Laboratory Experiments: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File. Report 2010 1325B, 54 p.
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1325B/
Mason RP, Lawson NM, Sullivan KA. 1997. Atmospheric deposition to the Chesapeake Bay
watershed—regional and local sources. Atmospheric Environment 31 (21) 3531-354.
Mergler D, Anderson HA, Chan LH, Mahaffey KR, Murray M, Sakamoto M, Stern AH. 2007.
Methylmercury exposure and health effects in humans: a worldwide concern. Ambio 36 (1) 3-11.
Moyle PB. 2002. Inland Fishes of California. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los
Angeles, CA. [available upon request]
Murata K, Yoshida M, Sakamoto M, Iwai-Shimada M, Yaginuma-Sakurai K, Tatsuta N, Iwata T,
Karita K, Nakai K. 2011. Recent evidence from epidemiological studies on methylmercury
toxicity. Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi (Japanese Journal of Hygiene) 66 (4) 682-695.
Myers GJ, Davidson PW, Cox C, Shamlaye CF, Palumbo D, Cernichiari E, Sloane-Reeves J,
Wilding GE, Kost J, Huang LS, Clarkson TW. 2003. Prenatal methylmercury exposure from
ocean fish consumption in the Seychelles child development study. Lancet (361) 1686–92.
National Research Council. 2000. Toxicological effects of methylmercury. Committee on the
Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury. Washington, D.C. National Academy
Press. www.nap.edu/books/0309071402/html.
North Coast Water Board (North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board). 2011. Water
Quality Control Plan for the North Coast Region. May 2011. Santa Rosa, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/northcoast/water_issues/programs/basin_plan/
ODEQ (Oregon Department of Environmental Quality). 2011. Human Health Criteria Issue
Paper Toxics Rulemaking. May 24, 2011. Portland, OR.
http://www.deq.state.or.us/wq/standards/docs/toxics/humanhealth/rulemaking/HumanHealthToxi
cCriteriaIssuePaper.pdf
OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment). 2001. Chemicals in Fish:
Consumption of Fish and Shellfish in California and the United States. Final Report. Pesticide
and Environmental Toxicology Section. Oakland, California.
Attachment 4
A4-17
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment 2014. Health Advisory and Guidelines for
Eating Fish from Camanche Reservoir. Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Branch.
September. www.oehha.ca.gov/fish/so_cal/pdf_zip/CamancheReport2014.pdf
Oken E, Wright RO, Kleinman KP, et al. 2005. Maternal fish consumption, hair mercury, and
infant cognition in a U.S. cohort. Environmental Health Perspectives (113) 1376–80.
Oken E, Radesky JS, Wright RO, Bellinger DC, Amarasiriwardena CJ, Kleinman KP, Hu H,
Gillman MW. 2008. Maternal fish intake during pregnancy, blood mercury levels, and child.
Cognition at Age 3 Years in a US Cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology 167 (1) 1171-1181.
Oken E, Choi AL, Karagas MR, Mariën K, Rheinberger CM, Schoeny R, et al. 2012. Which fish
should I eat? Perspectives influencing fish consumption choices. Environmental Health
Perspectives (120) 790-798.
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. 2014. Water Quality Permit Program - Metal
Mining Activities. Accessed January 2014: www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/mining.htm
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. 2015. News Release: Suction Dredge Legislation
Did Not Advance in 2015 Session. July 16, 2015.
www.deq.state.or.us/wq/wqpermit/docs/071515miningNR.pdf
Pacific Fishery Management Council. 2014. Review of 2013 Ocean Salmon Fisheries: Stock
Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Document for the Pacific Coast Salmon Fishery
Management Plan. (Document prepared for the Council and its advisory entities.) Portland,
Oregon. www.pcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/salsafe2013.pdf
Pack EC, Kim CH, Lee SE, Lim CH, Sung DG, Kim MH, Park KH, Hong SS, Lim KM, Choi DW,
Kim SW. 2014. Effects of Environmental Temperature Change on Mercury Absorption in
Aquatic Organisms with Respect to Climate Warming. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental
Health, Part A, 77, 1477-1490, doi:10.1080/15287394.2014.955892.
Paulsson K, Lundbergh K. 1989. The selenium method for treatment of lakes for elevated levels
of mercury in fish. The Science of the Total Environment (87/88) 495‐507.
Paquette KE, GR Helz, 1997. Inorganic speciation of mercury in sulfidic waters: The Importance
of Zero-valent Sulfur. Environmental Science and Technology (31) 2148-2153.
Peterson SA, Van Sickle J, Herlihy AT, Hughes RM. 2007. Mercury concentration in fish from
streams and rivers throughout the western United States. Environmental Science Technology
(41) 58-65.
Puffer HW, Azen SP, Duda MJ, Young DR. 1982. Consumption Rates of Potentially Hazardous
Marine Fish Caught in the Metropolitan Los Angeles Area. University of Southern California
Attachment 4
A4-18
School of Medicine. Departments of Pathology and Preventive Medicine. Los Angeles, CA:
Report No. EPA-600/3-82-070. June 1982. (Data obtained from OEHHA 2001.)
Ralston NCV, Blackwell III JL, Raymond LJ. 2007. Importance of molar ratios in selenium-
dependent protection against methylmercury toxicity. Biological Trace Element Research (11)
255–268.
Ralston NVC, Ralston CR, Blackwell III JL, Raymond LJ. 2008. Dietary and tissue selenium in
relation to methylmercury toxicity. Neurotoxicology 29 (5) 802–811.
Raymond LJ, Ralston NCV. 2004. Mercury: selenium interactions and health implications.
Seychelles Medical and Dental Journal 7 (1) 72-77.
Reed MN, Paletz EM, Newland MC. 2006. Gestational exposure to methylmercury and
selenium: Effects on a spatial discrimination reversal in adulthood. Neurotoxicology 27(5) 721-
732.
Robinson A, Grenier L, Klatt M, Bezalel S, Williams M, Collins J. 2011. The Song Sparrow as a
Biosentinel for methylmercury in Riparian Food Webs of the San Francisco Bay Area. SFEI
State of the Estuary Conference. San Francisco Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA.
Rutkiewicz J, Nam D-H, Cooley T , Neumann K , Padilla IB , Route W , Strom S, Basu N. 2011.
Mercury exposure and neurochemical impacts in bald eagles across several Great Lakes
states. Ecotoxicology 20(7) 1669-1676.
Sakamoto M, Yasutake A, Kakita A, Ryufuku M, Chan HM, Yamamoto M, Oumi S, Kobayashi S,
Watanabe C. 2013. Selenomethionine Protects against Neuronal Degeneration by
Methylmercury in the Developing Rat Cerebrum. Environmental Science & Technology 47 (6)
2862-2868.
San Diego County Department of Health Services 1990. San Diego Bay Health Risk Study: An
Evaluation of the Potential Risk to Human Health from Fish Caught and Consumed from San
Diego Bay. San Diego, CA: Document No. 25467. June 1990. (Data obtained from OEHHA
2001.)
San Francisco Bay Water Board (San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board).
2006. Mercury in San Francisco Bay. Proposed Basin Plan Amendment and Staff Report for
Revised Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) and Proposed Mercury Water Quality Objectives.
August 1. Oakland, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/water_issues/programs/TMDLs/sfbaymercury/sr0809
06.pdf
Attachment 4
A4-19
San Francisco Bay Water Board (San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board).
2008a. Guadalupe River Watershed Mercury Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) Project: Staff
Report for Proposed Basin Plan Amendment. September 2008. San Francisco, California.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/water_issues/programs/TMDLs/guadalupe_river_mer
cury/C1_Guad_SR_Sep08.pdf
San Francisco Bay Water Board (San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board).
2008. Total Maximum Daily Load For Mercury In the Walker Creek Watershed Staff Report.
With minor revisions, April 4, 2008. San Francisco, California.
www.swrcb.ca.gov/rwqcb2/water_issues/programs/TMDLs/walkermercury/Staff_Report_Final.p
df
San Francisco Bay Water Board (San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board).
2013. San Francisco Bay Basin Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan). June 2013.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/basin_planning.shtml
San Francisco Estuary Institute. 2000. San Francisco Bay Seafood Consumption Study.
Richmond, CA.
San José-Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility. 2014. Annual Self Monitoring Report.
www.sanjoseca.gov/Archive.aspx?AMID=161&Type=&ADID
Sanborn JR, Brodberg RK. 2006. Evaluation of Bioaccumulation Factors and Translators for
Methylmercury. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). March 2006.
Sandheinrich MB, Wiener JG. 2011. Methylmercury in freshwater fish: recent
advances in assessing toxicity of environmentally relevant exposures. In: Beyer WN, Meador JP
(Eds.), Environmental Contaminants in Biota: Interpreting Tissue Concentrations, 2011. CRC
Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, p. 169-190.
SCCWRP and MBC. 1994. Santa Monica Bay Seafood Consumption Study: Final Report.
Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP) and MBC Applied
Environmental Sciences. Westminster and Costa Mesa, CA. June 1994. (Data obtained from
Allen et al. 1996.)
Scheuhammer AM, Meyer MW, Sandheinrich MB, Murray MW. 2007. Effects of environmental
methylmercury on the health of wild birds, mammals, and fish. Ambio (36) 12-18.
Scheuhammer AM, Basu N, Burgess NM, Elliott JE, Campbell GD, Wayland M, Champoux L,
Rodrigue J. 2008. Relationships among mercury, selenium, and neurochemical parameters in
common loons (Gavia immer) and bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus). Ecotoxicology 17 (2)
93-101.
Attachment 4
A4-20
Schwarzbach SE, Albertson JD, Thomas CM. 2006. Effects of predation, flooding, and
contamination on reproductive success of California Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris
obsoletus) in San Francisco Bay. Auk (123) 45-60.
Shilling F. 2009. Characterizing high mercury exposure rates of Delta subsistence fishers.
Report to the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. May 2009. University of
California, Davis, Department of Environmental Science and Policy, CA.
Shilling F, White A, Lippert L, Lubell M. 2010. Contaminated fish consumption in California’s
Central Valley Delta. Environmental Research (110) 334–344.
Shilling F, Negrette A, Biondini L, Cardenas S. 2014. California Tribes Fish-Use: Final Report. A
Report for the State Water Resources Control Board and the US Environmental Protection
Agency. Agreement # 11-146-250. July 2014.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/mercury/docs/tribes_%20fish_use.pdf
Shuford WD, Gardali T (eds). 2008. California Bird Species of Special Concern: A Ranked
Assessment of Species, Subspecies, and Distinct Populations of Birds of Immediate
Conservation Concern in California. Studies of Western Birds 1. Western Field Ornithologists,
Camarillo, California, and California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento.
Sierra Fund. 2011. Gold Country Angler Survey: A Pilot Study to Assess Mercury Exposure
from Sport Fish Consumption in the Sierra Nevada. May 2011.
http://www.sierrafund.org/mining/Gold_Country_Angler_Survey.pdf
Silver E, Kaslow J, Lee D, Lee S, Tan ML, Weis E, Ujihara A. 2007. Fish consumption and
advisory awareness among low-income women in California’s Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta.
Environmental Research (104) 410-419.
Silver E, Lee D, Ujihara A, 2008. Fish consumption and advisory awareness among California
women. Data Points: Results from the California Women’s Health Survey. Issue 5, Summer
2008, Num. 5. California Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Investigations
Branch.
http://www.dhcs.ca.gov/dataandstats/reports/Documents/OWHReports/DataPoints2005/OWH-
DP.5.2005.pdf
Skorupa JP. 1998. Selenium poisoning of fish and wildlife in nature: lessons from twelve real-
world examples. Environmental Chemistry of Selenium. Frankenberger WT Jr. Engberg RA
(eds.) Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York. p. 315-354.
Slotton DG, Ayers SM, Suchanek TH, Weyland RD, Liston AM. 2004. Mercury
Bioaccumulation and Trophic Transfer in the Cache Creek Watershed, California, in
Relation to Diverse Aqueous Mercury Exposure Conditions. Subtask 5B. Final Report,
University of California, Davis, Dept. of Env. Science and Policy and Dept. Wildlife, Fish
Attachment 4
A4-21
and Conservation Biology. Prepared for the CALFED Bay-Delta Program, Directed Action
#99-B06. http://mercury.mlml.calstate.edu/
Spalding MG, Bjork RD, Powell GVN, Sundlof SF. 1994. Mercury and cause of death in great
white herons. Journal of Wildlife Management (58) 735–739.
Spalding MG, Frederick PC, McGill HC, Bouton SN, McDowell LR. 2000a. Methylmercury
accumulation in tissues and its effects on growth and appetite in captive great egrets: Journal of
Wildlife Diseases 36 (3) 411-22.
Spalding MG, Frederick PC, McGill HC, Bouton SN, Richey LJ, Schumacher IM, Blackmore,
CG, Harrison J. 2000b. Histologic, neurologic, and immunologic effects of methylmercury in
captive great egrets: Journal of Wildlife Diseases 36 (3) 423-35.
State Water Board (State Water Resources Control Board). 2001. Report in Support of the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency’s Review of the Continuing Planning Process. State Water
Resources Control Board, Sacramento, CA.
State Water Board (State Water Resources Control Board). 2004. Policy for Implementation and
Enforcement of the Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program. Sacramento, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/nps/docs/plans_policies/nps_iepolicy.pdf
State Water Board (State Water Resources Control Board). 2004. Water Quality Control Policy
for Developing California’s Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List. Sacramento, CA.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/ffed_303d_listingpolicy093004.pdf
State Water Board (State Water Resources Control Board). 2005. Policy for Implementation of
Toxics Standards for Inland Surface Waters, Enclosed Bays, and Estuaries of California.
Sacramento, CA.
State Water Board. 2014. Focus Group Meetings –Spring/Summer 2014: Proposed Statewide
Mercury Amendment. June 2, 2014.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/mercury/docs/focusgroups.pdf
Steding DJ, Flegal AR. 2002. Mercury concentrations in coastal California precipitation:
Evidence of local and trans-Pacific fluxes of mercury to North America. Journal of Geophysical
Research 107 (24) 4764.
Suzuki K, Nakai K, Sugawara T, Nakamura T, Ohba T, Shimada M, Hosokawa T, Okamura K,
Sakai T, Kurokawa N, Murata K, ChiekoSatoh C, HiroshiSatoh H. 2010. Neurobehavioral effects
of prenatal exposure to methylmercury and PCBs, and seafood intake: neonatal behavioral
assessment scale results of Tohoku study of child development. Environmental Research 110
(2010) 699–704.
Attachment 4
A4-22
Tetra Tech. 2008. Big Bear Lake Technical Support Document for Mercury TMDL. Prepared for:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region IX and Santa Ana Regional Water Quality Board.
Contract: DO 0910. Task Order: 1 (100-FFX-T16870-16). Research Triangle Park, NC.
Trasande L, Landrigan PJ, Schechter C. 2005. Public Health and Economic Consequences of
Methyl Mercury Toxicity to the Developing Brain. Environmental Health Perspectives 113 (5)
590-596.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2015. Final 2015 Regional Compensatory Mitigation and
Monitoring Guidelines, For South Pacific Division USACE.
http://www.spd.usace.army.mil/Portals/13/docs/regulatory/mitigation/MitMon.pdf
U.S. Department of the Interior. 1998. Guidelines for Interpretation of the Biological Effects of
Selected constituents in Biota, Water, and Sediment. November 1998.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1985a. Ambient Water Quality Criteria for
Mercury -1984. EPA 440/5-84-026. January 1985. Office of Water, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1985b. Water Quality Standards Handbook:
Second Edition, Appendix G. Questions and Answers on Antidegradation. EPA-823-B-94-005b.
Office of Water, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1986. Quality Criteria for Water. EPA 440/5-
86-001. Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1987. Integrated Risk Information System
Methylmercury (MeHg) (CASRN 22967-92-6) http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0073.htm
(accessed 2014)
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1995. Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative
Criteria Documents for the Protection of Wildlife. EPA-820-B-95-008. Office of Water.
Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1995. Trophic Level and Exposure Analyses
for Selected Piscivorous Birds and Mammals, Volume II: Analyses of Species in the
Conterminous United States. Office of Water, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1997a. Mercury Study Report to Congress
Vol. 6: An Ecological Assessment for Anthropogenic Mercury Emissions in the United States.
EPA-452/R-97-008. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of Research and
Development, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1997b. Mercury Study Report to Congress
Vol. 7: Characterization of Human Health and Wildlife Risks from Mercury Exposure in the
Attachment 4
A4-23
United States. EPA-452/R-97-009. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of
Research and Development. Washington DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2000. Guidance for Assessing Chemical
Contaminant Data for Use in Fish Advisories. Volume 1: Fish Sampling and Analysis, 3rd ed.
EPA/823/B-00/007. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water.
<http://www.epa.gov/ost/fishadvice/volume1/index.html>
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2000. Methodology for Deriving Ambient
Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health. EPA-822-B-00-004. October 2000.
Office of Water, Office of Science and Technology, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Appendix to Method 1631 Total
Mercury in Tissue, Sludge, Sediment, and Soil by Acid Digestion and BrCl Oxidation. EPA-821-
R-01-01. January 2001.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Draft Method 1630. Methyl Mercury in
Water by Distillation, Aqueous Ethylation, Purge and Trap, and CVAFS. EPA-821-R-01-020.
Office of Water. Washington D.C.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Mercury in Petroleum and Natural
Gas: Estimations of Emissions from Production, Processing, and Combustion. Prepared for U.S.
EPA Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. Prepared by National Risk Management
Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. EPA/600/R-01/066. September
2001.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2001. Water Quality Criteria for the
Protection of Human Health: Methylmercury. EPA-823-R-01-001. January 2002. U.S. EPA,
Office of Water, Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2002. Estimated Per Capita Fish
Consumption in the United States. EPA-821-C-02-003. Washington, DC.
U.S. EPA Region 9 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 9). 2002. Total Maximum
Daily Loads for Toxic Pollutants San Diego Creek and Newport Bay, California. Part G:
Chromium and Mercury.
www.waterboards.ca.gov/santaana/water_issues/programs/tmdl/docs/sd_crk_nb_toxics_tmdl/su
mmary0602.pdf
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2002. Method 1631. Revision E: Mercury in
Water by Oxidation, Purge and Trap, and Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. EPA-
821-R-02-019. August 2002. Office of Water. Washington DC.
Attachment 4
A4-24
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2004. Mercury Pollutant Minimization
Program Guidance. U.S. EPA Region 5, NPDES Programs Branch November 2004.
www.epa.gov/r5water/npdestek/pdfs/2004mercury_pmp_guidance.pdf
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. Method 245.7: Mercury in Water by
Cold Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry. Revision 2.0. EPA-821-R-05-001. February
2005. Office of Water. Washington DC.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2007. Method 7473: Mercury in solids and
solution by thermal decomposition, amalgamation, and atomic absorption spectroscopy.
February 2007. In: Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods (SW-
846). www.epa.gov/osw/hazard/testmethods/sw846/online/index.htm
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008a. EPA’s 2008 Report on the
Environment. EPA 600-R-07-045F. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
http://cfpub.epa.gov/roe/index.cfm
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008b. National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) Multi-Sector General Permit for Stormwater Discharges
Associated with Industrial Activity (MSGP).
water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/stormwater/upload/msgp2008_finalpermit.pdf
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2010. Guidance for Implementing the
January 2001 Methylmercury Water Quality Criterion. EPA823-R-10-001 April 2010. Office of
Water. Washington D.C.
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2012. Los Angeles Area Lakes Total
Maximum Daily Loads for Nitrogen Phosphorus, Mercury, Trash, Organochlorine Pesticides and
PCBs. March 2012.
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/losangeles/water_issues/programs/tmdl/Established/Lakes/LALa
kesTMDLsEntireDocument.pdf
U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2013. Trends in Blood Mercury
Concentrations and Fish Consumption Among U.S. Women of Childbearing Age NHANES,
1999-2010. Final Report. July 2013. EPA-823-R-13-002. Washington, DC.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration & U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2014.
Draft Updated Fish Consumption Advice. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Food
and Drug Administration, June.
www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/Metals/ucm393070.htm#Comment
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 1985. Recovery Plan for the California Least Tern, Sterna antillarum browni. Portland Oregon, 112 p. http://ecos.fws.gov/docs/recovery_plan/850927_w%20signature.pdf
Attachment 4
A4-25
U.S. FWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2003. Evaluation of the Clean Water Act Section
304(a) Human Health Criterion for Methylmercury: Protectiveness for Threatened and
Endangered Wildlife in California. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Fish and Wildlife
Office, Environmental Contaminants Division. Sacramento, CA. 96 p. & appendix.
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 2004. Evaluation of Numeric Wildlife Targets for Methylmercury in the Development of Total Maximum Daily Loads for the Cache Creek and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Watersheds. March. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, Environmental Contaminants Division, Sacramento, CA.
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 2005. Derivation of Numeric Wildlife Targets for Methylmercury in the Development of a Total Maximum Daily Load for the Guadalupe River Watershed. April. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, Environmental Contaminants Division. U.S. FWS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). 2006. California Least Tern (Sternula anteillaru
browni) 5 Year Review. Carlsbad Fish and Wildlife Office, Carlsbad, California.
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 2007. Recovery Plan for the Pacific Coast Population
of the Western snowy plover (Charadrius alesandrinus nivosus). US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Sacramento, August.
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 2009. Yuma Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris
yumanensis) Recovery Plan. Draft First Revision. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southwest
Region, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
U.S. FWS (U.S Fish and Wildlife Service). 2010. Species Account California Clapper Rail,
Rallus longirostris obsoletus. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office
U.S. FWS and NMFS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service).
1998. Draft Biological/Conference Opinion on the Environmental Protection Agency's Proposed
Rule for the Promulgation of Water Quality Standards: Establishment of Numeric Criteria for
Priority Toxic Pollutants for the State of California. April 1998.
U.S. FWS and NMFS (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service). 2000. Final Biological Opinion on the Effects of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's "Final Rule for the Promulgation of Water Quality Standards: Establishment of Numeric Criteria for Priority Toxic Pollutants for the State of California. March 2000.
http://wwwrcamnl.wr.usgs.gov/Selenium/Library_articles/CTR_Final_BO_032400.pdf
U.S. Geological Survey. 2005. Mercury Contamination from Historical Gold Mining in California.
Fact Sheet 2005-3014 Version 1.1 by Charles N. Alpers, Michael P. Hunerlach, Jason T. May,
and Roger L. Hothem. November 2005. http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3014/
U.S. Geological Survey. 2012. Mercury. Accessed October 1, 2012:
http://ca.water.usgs.gov/mercury/
Attachment 4
A4-26
U.S. Geological Survey. 2015. Mineral Resources On-line Spatial data. Accessed March 24,
2015: http://mrdata.usgs.gov/mrds/
United Nations Environment Programme. 2013. Global Mercury Assessment 2013: Sources,
Emissions, Releases and Environmental Transport. UNEP Chemicals Branch, Geneva,
Switzerland.
Varian-Ramos CW, Swaddle JP, Cristol DA. 2014. Mercury reduces avian reproductive success
and imposes selection: an experimental study with adult- or lifetime-exposure in zebra finch.
PLOS One 9 (4) e95674.
Vandeven JA, McGinnis SL. 2005. An assessment of mercury in the form of amalgam in dental
wastewater in the United States. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution (164) 349-366.
Watanabe C, Yin K, Kasanuma Y, Satoh H. 1999a. In utero exposure to methylmercury and Se
deficiency converge on the neurobehavioral outcome in mice. Neurotoxicology Teratology (21)
83-8.
Watanabe C, Yoshida K, Kasanuma Y, Kun Y, Satoh H. 1999b. In utero methylmercury
exposure differentially affects the activities of selenoenzymes in the fetal mouse brain.
Environmental Research (80) 208–14.
Weech SA, Scheuhammer AM Elliott JE. 2006. Mercury exposure and reproduction in fish-
eating birds breeding in the Pinchi Lake region, British Columbia, Canada. Environmental
Toxicology and Chemistry (25) 1433-1440.
Weiss-Penzias PS, Ortiz C Jr., Acosta RP, Heim W, Ryan JP, Fernandez D, Collett JL Jr.,
Flegal AR. 2012. Total and monomethyl mercury in fog water from the central California coast.
Geophysical Research Letters (39) L03804, doi:10.1029/2011GL050324.
Wentz DA, Brigham ME, Chasar LC, Lutz MA, Krabbenhoft DP. 2014. Mercury in the Nation’s Streams— Levels, Trends, and Implications: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1395, 90 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/cir1395. Wiener JG, Gilmour CC, Krabbenhoft DP. 2003. Mercury Strategy for the Bay-Delta Ecosystem:
A Unifying Framework for Science, Adaptive Management, and Ecological Restoration. Final
Report to the California Bay Delta Authority for Contract 4600001642 between the Association
of Bay Area Governments and the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. December 31, 2003.
White HC. 1957. Food and natural history of mergansers on salmon waters in the maritime provinces of Canada. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. Bull. 116. 63 p. Windham-Myers L, Fleck JA, Ackerman JT, Marvin-DiPasquale M, Stricker CA, Heim WA,
Bachand PA, Eagles-Smith CA, Gill G, Stephenson M, Alpers CN. 2014a. Mercury cycling in
Attachment 4
A4-27
agricultural and managed wetlands: a synthesis of methylmercury production, hydrologic export,
and bioaccumulation from an integrated field study. Science of the Total Environment (484)
221-231.
Windham-Myers L, Marvin-DiPasquale M, Kakouros E, Agee JL, Kieu LH, Stricker CA, Fleck
JA, Ackerman JT. 2014. Mercury cycling in agricultural and managed wetlands of California,
USA: seasonal influences of vegetation on mercury methylation, storage, and transport.
Science of the Total Environment (484) 308-318.
Wolfe MF, Schwarzbach S, Sulaiman RA. 1998. Effects of mercury on wildlife: a comprehensive
review. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 146-60.
Zeiner DC, Laudenslayer WF, Mayer KE M. White M, eds. 1988-1990. California's Wildlife. Vol. I-III. California Department of Fish and Game, Sacramento, CA. Zembal, R. SM Hoffman and J Konceny 2014. Status and Distribution of the Light-Footed
(Ridgeway's) Clapper Rail in California 2014 Season. California Dept. Fish and Wildlife, South
Coast Region. Nongame Wildlife Program Report 2014-05. October
Zhang R, Wu F, Li H, Guo G, Feng C, Giesy JP, Chang H. 2013. Toxicity reference values and
tissue residue criteria for protecting avian wildlife exposed to methylmercury in China. Reviews
of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (223) 53-80.