References

Abdel-Hamid, T.K. and Madnick, S.E. (1990) Software Project Management. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall.

American Society for Quality Control- Cost Effectiveness Committee (1971) Quality Costs­What & How, 2nd edn. Milwaukee.

American Society for Quality Control - Cost Effectiveness Committee (1977). Guide for Reducing Quality Costs. Milwaukee.

Asner, M. (1990) Up Your Computer. Reston VA: Reston Publishing. Association for Systems Management (1976) Peopleware in Systems. Cleveland OH. Barnett, A. Effective Data Systems Development. Maryland: Barnett Data Systems. Bennis, W.G. (1966) Changil'!g Organizations. New York: McGraw-Hill. Boehm, B.W. (1981) Software Engineering Economics. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall. Boehm, B.W., McClean, R.K. and Urfrig, D.B. (1975) Some experience with automated aids to

design of large-scale reliable software. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, SE-1, 125-33.

Burrill, C. W. and Ellsworth, 1. W. (1983) Quality Data Processing: The Profit Potential. Tenafly NJ: Burrill-Ellsworth Associates.

Cotter, R.D. (1984) Quality Control in Systems Development. Pennsauken NJ: Auerbach Publishers.

Crosby, P.B. (1979) Quality is Free. New York: New American Library. Crouse, R.L. (1984) The information center is the productivity center. Technical Report TR

19.90204. Essex Junction VT: IBM. Crouse, R.L. (1985) Staffing the information center. Information Center 1(1),42-6. Date, C.J. (1981) An Introduction to Database Systems. New York: Addison-Wesley, p. 214. Date, C.J. (1984) INFO IMS, second quarter, p. 27. De Marco, T. Controlling Software Projects. Management Measurement & Estimation. New

York NY: Yourdon Press. Desanctis, G. and Courtney, J. (1983) Towards friendly user MIS implementation. Communica­

tions of the ACM, October. GUIDE International. Estimating Using Function Points. GUIDE Publication GPP-134, Chicago

11. Fayol, H. (1949) Industrial and General Administration (transl. C. Storrs). New York: Pitman. Freedman, D.P. and Weinberg, G.M. (1982) Handbook of Walkthroughs, Inspections and

Technical Reviews. Boston MA: Little, Brown. Fujii, M.S. (1977) Independent verification of highly reliable programs. Proceedings of

COMPSAC 77. Chicago: IEEE, pp. 38-44. Hall, D.M. Management of Human Systems. Association for Systems Management. Hall, E. (1989) Project control. Direct Access, 1 September. Harvard Business Review Performance Appraisal. Cambridge MA: Harvard Business Review. Hinton, B.L. An empirical investigation of the Herzberg methodology and two factor theory.

Organizational Behaviour and Human Performance. Howden, W.E. (1978) A survey of static analysis methods, in Software Testing and Validation

Techniques (eds W.E. Howden and E. Miller). New York: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 82-96. Howell and Teichroew Mathematical Analysis for Business Decisions. Illinois: Richard D. Irwin

Inc. Hughes, C.T. and Clark, J. (1990) Stages of case usage. Datamation, 1 February.

255

256 The Project Management Paradigm

IBM (1984) Managing End-User Computing. White Plains NY: IBM. Information Systems Design Methodologies (1983) Proceedings of the IFIPWG8.1 Working

Conference on Future Analysis of Information Systems Design Methodologies. York, UK, 5-7 July.

Jones, C. (1991) Applied Software Measurement: Assuring Productivity and Quality. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Juran, J.M. (1974) Quality Control Handbook, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill. Kast, F.E. and Rosenzweig, J.E. (1970) Organization and Management: A Systems Approach.

New York: McGraw-Hill. Kerzner, H. (1979) Project Managemeni: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling and

Controlling. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Kidder, T. (1981) The Soul of a New Machine. Boston: Atlantic Monthly/Little, Brown. Kouzes, J.M. and Posner, B.Z. (1989) The Leadership Challenge: How to Get Extraordinary

Things Done in Organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Krauss, L.I.Administering and Controlling the Company Data Processing Function. Englewood

Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall. Kroenke, D.M. Database Processing: Fundamentals, Design, Implementation, 2nd edn.

Chicago: Science Research Associates. Laurel, B. (ed.) (1990) The Art of Human-Computer Interface Design. New York:

Addison-Wesley Light, H.R. The Nature of Marl'agement. Liverpool: Pitman. Lucas, H.C. Jr (1974) Toward Creative Systems Design. New York: Columbia University Press. McGregor, R.D.D. (1985) Redefining Policies for the Growing Information Center. Nashville TN:

Information Center Conference and Exposition, August. Marfleet, B. (1991a) Methodologies - making accurate cost estimates. Computing Canada,

June. Marfleet, B. (1991 b) Incorporating design changes. Computing Canada, 15 August Management, Measurement and Estimation Miles, R. (1990) Project management. Computing, 11 October. Myers, G.J. (1979) The Art of Software Testing. New York: John Wiley & Sons. Nissen, H.W. The nature of the drive as innate determinant ofbehaviourial organization. Olive, A. Analysis of Conceptual and Logical Models in Information Systems Design Method-

ologies. Facultat d'lnformatica, Universitat Politecnica de Barcelona. Quick, T.L. Inspiring People at Work. Executive Enterprises Publishing Co. Scacchi, W. (1984) Managing software engineering projects: a social analysis. IEEE Transac­

tions on Software Engineering, January. Scott, W.G. and Mitchell, T.R. Organization Theory: A Structural and Behavioural Analysis.

Homewood IL: Richard D. Irwin, Inc. Shaw, J.C. and Atkins, W. Managing Computer Systems Projects. New York: McGraw-Hill. Sloma, R.S. (1984) No Nonsense Planning. New York: Free Press. Stanley, F.J. (1983) Establishing a Project Management Methodology. Pennsaauken NJ:

Auerbach Publishers Inc. Stokes Jr and Stewart, L. (1991) Climbing the new IS corporate ladder, Auerbach. Information

Strategy, Summer. Taylor, F.W. (1923) The Principles of Scientific Management. New York: Harper. Theodore. Applied Mathematics, an Introduction. Homewood IL: Richard D. Irwin Inc. Walsh, M. (1990) A Common Sense Way to Introduce Case Technology. Toronto: NOW. Whiteside, L.W. Effective Management Techniques for Getting Things Done. West Nyack NY:

Parker Publishing Company Inc. Yourdon, E. (1982) Managing the System Life Cycle: A Software Development Methodology

Overview. New York: Yourdon Press.

Index

acceptance documents 98 team 38,46,115,126,179,188 testing 46

acceptor 36,115,174,179-80,211,225, 242

activity 190 activity planning schedule 180,200,211,

217 activity resource estimates form 201 Albrecht, Al 155 Albrecht method 162 American Airlines reservation system 73 American National Standards Institute

53 Applied Business Technology Corp. 155 Argyris, Chris 25 Art of Software Testing, The 69 Ashton Tate 73 Asians 18 authorization form 210,225 automation, approaching 74

Beer, Sir Stafford 27 Bender & Associates 82 Bennis, Warren 25 black box specifications 67 black box testing 60, 66 Bombardier 116 boundary-value analysis 69 Boyd,Guy xiv briefing manual 210,214,229,231 British Mark II Function Point Method

163 Brookes, Donald 124 budget cost estimates 141 Burlton, Roger xiv Burnett, Clive xiv business analysis and design 99,102 business system design 102,104 business system development 98

capability maturity model 137 Carleton University study 118

257

Carnegie Mellon University 137 CASE tools 4,71, 152,250 cause-effect graphing 69 Centre for Project Management 6 champion 38 change 10,23,158 change control 136 change management 225 change request 210,215 Channel Tunnel 36 Chapin charts 63 Christie, Tosso 21 collective agreements 118 Columbia University 28, 136 commitment 6,210-11,215-16,218,

220-1 communication 27,207-8,211,233,235

channels 208 compensation 29 competitiveness 14 completion grid 241 complexity factor 157 computer system analysis and design 103 computer systems development 104 Computerworld 81 configuration management 48,53 constraints 140

on progress 221 conversion and implementation plan 104,

106 cooperation 21 coordinator 211 cost

elements 166 estimating 166

costing hierarchy framework 141 counselling 22 Covey, Stephen 18 CPM 56,180 creativity, fostering in a disciplined

framework 27 critical path methodology 190 Crosby, Philip 46 cultural diversity 135 cyclomatic complexity 65

258

data control types 156 data warehouse 2 Datamation 59, 135 De Marco 'Bang'metrics 162 decision table 64, 69 deliverable acceptance form 179,242,244 deliverable acceptance matrix 179,188,

240-1 deliver abies 179

approval of 39 deliverer 36 demotivator 29 design 187 design control 84 development times and costs, calculating

135 Diploma in Project Management 6 disaster, risk of 38 documentation 58,60,87,240 document control 84 document management system 211-12 Drucker, Peter F. 17 dynamic testing 56

Economics o/Trust, The 28 egalitarianism 18,28 egoless programming 26 Eisenhower, General Dwight D. 7 empowerment xiii 3,6,113,251 encouraging people 32 end product 36-7,132,134,179 error

correction, cost of 47,153 sources of 51

estimate 135,137 estimating

cost process 142 goal in 135 principles and techniques of 143,173 theoretical 153 training 144

evaluation notes, guidelines for writing 90 event 190 expectancy theory 26 external consultants 18

fault types 53 Payol's model 250 feasibility study/cost-benefit analysis 101 feature points 163 fIling system 211 financial commitment 220 flagship applications 30 flexible hours xiii

float 191 flowcharts 64 formal reviews 100 Prank, Milo O. 165

Index

function point analysis 158-9,200 function point count, adjusted final 157 functional group 35 functional requirements 38

Gantt chart 197 general application attributes 156 generic office environment 139 get-it-done school of thought xiii globalization 28 grey box testing 60 GUI testing 83

hack 27 Harding Consulting Group 124 harmony 111-12 Hoskyn's Prism 253 Howe, Mike xiv 'How to Make Your Team Unstoppable' 18

IBM 135,155,233 IEEE Standard 50, 53 impact assessment 132 implementation 34 information management systems plan 134 information resource management

functions 109 information technology steering committee

119 initial project estimate 157 initiation 100, 131, 134, 156, 172

document 132 International Shipping Corporation,

Malaysia 233 Internet 233 ISO standards

8402 4 8402 45 9000 94 9001 46,90 9004-5 84

JAD see joint application design JAR see joint application requirements Java 233 joint application design (JAD) 156,164 joint application development 188 joint application requirements (JAR) 164

Index

Jones, Capers 162

Laurel, Brenda 60 Lavigne, Julie xiv Lawler, Edward E. 26 Lazarsfeld, Paul F. 136 leadership 7,10,14 leaders, role of 32 learning curve 145 levelling 192-3 Likert, Rensis 25,28

McClelland, David C. 26 McLuhan, Marshall xi Maddison, Bill xiv Malaysia 17,30-1 management reporting 58

steering committee 35 managing teams in different locations merit system 28 methods 59 Mexico 17 Microsoft Project milestone reviews mindset 2 minutes 232

200,235 100

mission statement 131, 133 modelling 87 monitoring progress 42 Morris, Rick xiv motivation 23,25,29

challenges of 33 comprehension of 26 lack of 28 process of 30

Moynihan, Senator Daniel Patrick 136 multicultural environment 18 multicultural project team 17

Naisbitt 125 Nassi-Shneiderman 63 Nik Mohammad Zain Hj Omar xi North American managers 18

office automation 148,150 operation profIle 131, 133-4 operations 188 organizational maturity 137 outside boundary testing 67-8

paradigm change 10,252

116

Paradigm of Project Management 236 paradigm shifts 252 participative management 19 Pearkins, Jon xiv Peel, Simon 71 performance 23

review 242, 246 personal acceptance document 44 personal commitment 17,21,41,207 personality theory 7 PERT 5-6, 180 Peters, Tom xi, 18 plan acceptance form 184 Plan View Inc. 200 Plato 174 polling 136 Porter, Lyman W. 26 post-implementation review 3, 107 preliminary analysis 134 Pressman, Roger 65 Prima Vera 200 problem analysis 134 processes and methodologies process flow 35 processing complexity

adjustment 156 factors 156

productivity 28,151,155,158 project 137

constitution of 9 invisible 37 managing 13

project acceptance 134

259

project activity planning schedule 210,215 project circle 38,134 project communication 128 project completion

forms 242 plan for 240

project control 181,207-9,211 process 208 tools 207

project control plan 204 project cost report 214 project delays 42 project estimate 135 project identillcation tools 134 project management

aspects of 7 building blocks of good 173 good 23 methodology 4-6,9,19,173 process 16,40 successful 13

project manager 121,174 communication with acceptor 128

260

communication with resource managers 128

competent 14 selection of 38 traits of 13

project manager's obligation 220 project objective 27 project organization 33, 115

chart 176,180 form 132-3

project pinboard 235 project plan 40

basic 174 project planning 173 project report 217 project resource usage 222 project responsibility, acceptance of 21,215 project review committee 41,120,152,179,

210-11,214,228-9 meeting 134 members 132

project risk 167 project roles and responsibilities 173 project or stage completion 243

form 185 project stage deliverable completion 242 project and stage planning 174,177

activities 174 project status 210-11,214,218,235 project teams 17,180

members 124 selecting the right people for 20

Project Workbench 200 prototyping methodology 4

quality assurance 50,76 audit 84 management 1,4,45,48-50,53,173,186,

188 measures 50 plan 49,84 technical 87

reengineering 1-2 regression testing 72 Reinventing the Corporation 125 relationship between individuals and

deliverables 176 relationships 17 reorganizing 2 reports 215 request for proposal 179 request for service 131

requirements 186 conformance to 5, 45 analysis 70

resistance to change 1, 3 resistant situation 3 resource

management 5 manager 40,125,174

resources 180 availability 132

responsibility characteristics 24 profIle matrix 8 sharing 40-1,208

Index

responsible manager 120,132,174,179-80, 184,210-11,215,220,222,225,229-30

Riding the Waves of Culture 18 risk 140

factor 2 management 173

rules of thumb 151

SDLC see systems development life cycle self-destruction, principle of 14 Senge, Peter 18 Sexton, Brendan 14 Shelton, John 252 sign-off form 127 situation analysis 41

methodology 3 situationalist 26 skeleton plan 174,178 software engineering economics 155 Software Engineering Institute 137 software reliability 155 .. 2_ 2 ••

Spinoza, B. xii staff

functions 34 internal and external 18 problematic 27 subject matter 35

stage completion report 186,245 stage coordinator 123,177 standards 179 status report 215

form 218 steering committee 35 strategic planning 173 stress tests 60,70 structural testing 80 structure charts 60 Symons, Charles R. 162 system owner 37 system specifIcations, responsibility for 38 systems development 3, 112

Index

systems development life cycle 3-4, 9, 45, 134,156,173,186

systems test, passing 59

tactical planning 173 Taggart, Bill xiv team leaders or project managers 34 team sizes 17 teamwork 21 technical administration 34, 120 teleworking xiii, 117 teleworkplace 116 test cases and results form 86 test case specification 58 test design 54, 75, 79

specification 58 test documentation 77 test execution 75,78 test inputs 70 testing 61, 186

flow 54 in perspective 54 methods 67

test log 58 test management 55,75,81 test plan 56 test procedure script 58 test repository 76 test summary report 71 test types 59 Timeline 200 tools, automated 72 total degree of influence 157,161 total quality management 2

see also quality training manual 58 Treasury Board, Public Service, Canada 119 Trompenaars, Fon 18

unions 118 unit testing 59 USA 17 US Military Specification 1521B 56 user documentation 216 user participation 110 users

developing own systems 113 managing information systems

development 113 risks and drawbacks of involving 114

variances 208 VERITAS ViSTA™ 81 visibility 17,36-7,43 Von Oech, Roger 27

wages 28 walkthrough 56-7,100 weaknesses 27 WebProject 200,214,233 Weinberg, G. 26 WeIland, B. xiv Whack on the Side of the Head, A 27 Wheaton, Peter xiv white box testing 60,62 white box test results, evaluating 66 Whitney, John O. 28 Wirthlin Worldwide 19 working at home 116 working relationships 127 work plan 180,201 Wysecki, Robert K. 162

Yourdon,Ed 162,251

261