REFERENCINGand citations

Reference other people‘s work correctly – avoid plagiarism

PARAPHRASE – someone else‘s ideas in your

own wordsSUMMARISE – a brief account of

someone else‘s ideas QUOTE - someone else‘s exact wordsCOPY - someone else‘s figures, tables or

structure

EXTENDED ESSAYS

INCLUDE BIBLIOGRAPHY IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER

INCLUDE ONLY REFERENCES CITED IN THE TEXT

TWO RECOMMENDED METHODS: • HARVARD SYSTEM (Author, year)• NUMBERED REFERENCING WITH

FOOTNOTES OR ENDNOTESBE CONSISTENT!

CITATIONS IN THE TEXT USING NUMBERED SYSTEM

- insert a superscript number- reference the sources at the bottom of the page (footnotes)- reference the sources in full

FOOTNOTES USING NUMBER SYSTEM Reference in full = the same system as

in the Bibliography SHORTENED REFERENCING:

THE SAME SOURCE AS IN THE PRECEDING F. : Ibid., page 10

THE SAME SOURCE AS IN A PREVIOUS F. : Op. Cit. page10

REFERENCES – the works cited

A new page after the text Arranged alphabetically Number the entries

GUIDELINES for the entries

Book (1): Single author Zimmerman, B.K. 1984. Biofuture,

confronting the genetic era. Plenum Press, New York.

Book (2): 2 authors Schwing, R. and W. Albers .1980.

Societal risk management. Plenum Press, New York.

GUIDELINES for the entries

Book (3): Editor in place of author Milunsky, A., and G.J. Annas (eds.).

1976. Genetics and the law. Plenum Press, New York.

Book (4): 2nd or later edition Burns, George W. 1980. The science of

genetics: an introduction to heredity. 4th ed. Macmillan. New York.

GUIDELINES for the entries

Book (5): Volume in a multivolume work Hotchkiss, R.D. 1980. Recombinant DNA

research, vol. 5. NIH Publication No. 80-2130. Book (6): Subtitled volume of

multivolume work Office of Technology Assessment, U.S.

Congress. 1980. Energy for biological processes, vol. 2. Technical analysis. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

GUIDELINES for the entries

Book (7): Article in edited collection Nelkin, D., and M. Pollack. 1980. Problems and

procedures in the regulation of technological risk. In R. Schwing and W. Albers (eds.), Societal risk management. p. 136-67. Plenum Press, New York.

Book (8): Corporate author National Research Council. 1977. World food

and nutrition study: the potential contributions of research. NR Council, Washington, D.C.

GUIDELINES for the entries Journal Article (1): Single author Myers, N. 1979. Conserving our global stock.

Environment 21: 25-30. Journal Article (2): More than 1 author Israel, M.A., et al. 1979. Molecular cloning of

polyoma virus DNA in escherichia coli: plasmid vector systems. Science 203: 883-887.

Journal Article (3): In edited collection Nelkin, D., and M. Pollack. 1980. Problems and

procedures in the regulation of technological risk. In R. Schwing and W. Albers (eds.), Societal risk management. p. 136-67. Plenum Press, New York.

GUIDELINES for the entries Web citation (1): Standard form Camarota, Steven S.  Immigration From

Mexico: Assessing the Impact on the United States. Center for Immigration Studies, http://www.cis.org/articles/2001/mexico/toc.html (Nov. 7, 2008).

Web citation (2): Newspaper article Black, I. "Iraq splits EU summit as Blair

backs US," Guardian [UK], Dec. 13, 2003 (http://www.guardian.co.uk/eu/story/0,7369,1106337,00.html).

GUIDELINES for the entries Personal communication Steven Volk, e-mail to author, October 15,

2003. Images, photographs Eanger Irving Couse, "The Captive" (1891),

Phoenix Art Museum, oil on canvas (http://www.phxart.org/couse.html).

Bob Dylan photograph, http://www.bobdylan.com/.

Don Bishop, "Untitled," Tikkun 18:4 (July/August 2003), cover.

LET‘S CHECK (1) B.K. Zimmerman, 1984. Biofuture,

confronting the genetic era. Plenum Press, New York.

Schwing and Albers (eds.), Societal risk management. Plenum Press, New York.

Milunsky, A., and G.J. Annas (eds.). 1976. Genetics And The Law. Plenum Press, New York.

LET‘S CHECK (2) Problems and procedures in the

regulation of technological risk. By Nelkin, D., and M. Pollack. In R. Schwing and W. Albers (eds.), Societal risk management. 1980. p. 136-67. Plenum Press, New York

Burns, George W. 1980. The science of genetics: an introduction to heredity. 4th ed. Macmillan. New York. £12.50.

LET‘S CHECK (3) Schwing, R. and W. Albers (ed.).1980.

Societal risk management. Plenum Press, New York

Camarota, S. S.  Immigration From Mexico: Assessing the Impact on the United States. Center for Immigration Studies, http://www.cis.org/articles/2001/mexico/toc.html (2008).

LET‘S CHECK (4)

You want some more?!