refraction lecture
DESCRIPTION
So you may knowTRANSCRIPT
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OBJECTIVES: Explore the refraction property
of light. Determine what causes
bending of light. Relate refraction of light to real
life experiences.
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REFRACTIONIs the BENDING of light as it passes OBLIQUELY from one medium to another of different optical density.
Examples:Air to waterWater to airWater to glass
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Light bends because….1. Of the change in
MEDIUM.Light bends as it moves from one medium to another like from air to water.
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Light bends because….1. It changes
speed as it encounters a different medium.
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Light does not bend when it enters the medium perpendicularly, however it slows down.
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glassairIncident
ray
Refracted ray
Normal line
1
2
Angle of incidence
Angle of refraction
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When light enters a medium of greater optical density, it bends towards the normal.
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less dense
denser medium
i
r
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
i > r
Normal lineincident ray
refraction ray
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less dense
denser medium
i
r
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
Normal lineincident ray
refraction ray
Light rays bend towards the normal when the rays travel from a less dense medium to a denser mediumLight rays travel much slower in a denser medium
air
glass
air
water
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When light enters a medium of lesser optical density, it bends away from the normal.
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denser medium
less dense
i
r
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
i < r
Normal lineincident ray
refraction ray
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Light rays bend away from the normal as it travels from a denser medium to a less dense medium.Light rays travel much faster in a less dense medium
denser medium
less dense
i
r
i = angle of incidence
r = angle of refraction
incident ray
refraction ray
air
glass
air
water
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INDEX OF REFRACTION (n).The ratio of the speed of light in vacuum to the speed of light in the material.
Speed of light in vacuumSpeed of light in material
= =n Cv