regents review # 1 pre history and the neolithic...

John Adams High School Global Review

Regents Review # 1 Pre History and the Neolithic Era

Important Terms:

Civilization:

Culture:

Nomadic:

Domestication:

Surplus:

Archaeology

Early HumansFill out the following chart using information about early Humans.What is meant by the term prehistory?

How are scientists able to learn how old an item or artifact is?What is used to determine the level of advancement of various human ancestors?What time period was the Paleolithic Age?

How did people survive during the Paleolithic Age?

Hunters and GatherersGender Roles Technology

Lifestyle Culture and Art

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Characteristics and Consequences of the Neolithic RevolutionDefinition: Economy

Development of Villages Effects of the Neolithic Revolution

What are the major characteristics of Civilization?

PRACTICE!1. Early peoples who moved frequently as they searched for the food they needed for survival are

calleda. hunters and gatherers b. village dwellersc. Subsistence farmers d. guild members

2. During which period did the domestication of animals and growing of crops first occur?a. Iron Age b. Old Stone Agec. Neolithic Revolution d. Scientific Revolution

3. Which social scientists are best known for studying the physical artifacts of a culture?a. geographers b. archaeologistsc. economists d. sociologists

4. The term that refers to the taming of animals for human use is2


a. domestication b. archaeologyc. Nomadic d. Culture

Review #2 Development of Advanced Civilization: River ValleysImportant Terms

Silt

Aryans

Caste System

City-state

Cuneiform

Empire

Fertile Crescent

Hieroglyphics

Hammurabi’s Code

Sumerians

Mesopotamia Egypt Indus River Ancient ChinaWhat was the name of the River?What technological developments did this society utilize?

What legal codes were used by this civilization?

What was this society’s economy based upon?

Did this society have a system of writing?

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Why would this civilization be considered an advanced civilization?

PRACTICE!!!!

1. Which conclusion is best supported by these statements?a. Major urban centers are found only along riversb. The geography of a nation or region influences its developmentc. Without mountains and rivers, people cannot develop a cultured. The spread of a new ideas is discouraged by trade and conquest

2. Which statement most accurately describes how geography affected the growth of the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia?

a. River valleys provided rich soil to grow plentiful cropsb. Large deserts provided many mineral depositsc. Access to the Atlantic Ocean provided trade routesd. Large savanna areas provided protection from invaders.

Review #3Classical Civilizations Greece and Rome

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY:

Aegean Sea:

Aristocracy:

Socrates

Socratic Method:

Polis:

Athens:

Democracy:

Direct Democracy:

Representative Democracy:

Oligarchy

Sparta:4


Tyrant:

Laws of the Twelve Tables:

Pax Romana:

Patrician:

Plebeian:

Senate:

Republic:

City states were at the center of Greek Life. City states were not united, but rather maintained loose affiliations between one another. Two important city states that you should be familiar with are Sparta and Athens. Focus on the Role of Government in your studies.

ATHENS SPARTAWhat was their style of government?

What was the daily life of people like?

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What was the role of geography in the development of Greek Civilization?

GREEK PHILOSOPHY

PHILOSOPHER What were the major ideas of this philosopher?The Sophists

Socrates

Plato

Aristotle

ROMAN GOVERNMENTDevelopment of the Republic

Social Class in Rome

Representative Assemblies

System of Written Law

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What factors existed that allowed the Romans to build a vast empire?

1.

2.

3.

What were the causes for the decline of the Roman Empire?

1.

2. 3.

What role did Christianity have in the development of the Roman Empire?

What problems existed between the Romans and the Jews?

Why are the Roman and Greek Civilizations considered the foundation for modern civilization?

Review #4 The Middle AgesIMPORTANT VOCABULARY

Feudalism:

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Fief

Pope

Chivalry

Manorialism:

Social Mobility:

Nobility:

Serfs:

The social structure of Feudal Europe had no social mobility which

means_____________________________________________________________________.Answer the following questions based on the chart:1. What role did the serfs play in feudal society?______________________________2. Which group was the smallest portion of the population?________________________3. Which group was the largest portion of the population?________________________4. How does land relate to power in the development of feudal Europe?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What is the role of land in feudal society? _______________________________________________________________________________________

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The Feudal System

KingsGive large land grants to Upper Lords called fiefs

Give ProtectionReceives money, military service, and advice

Upper LordsGive land grants to Lesser Lords

Give ProtectionReceives money, military service

Lesser LordsGive land grants to knights

Receives money, military service

KnightsGive land to peasants/serfs

Receives crops, labor

Peasants/ SerfsReceives land to farm Pays with labor, crops


________________________

Role of the Church During the Middle AgesSocial Political Economical

BLACK DEATH:

How did the Black death affect the Jewish Population?

What were some of the positive effects of the Black Death upon the peasant population?

DECLINE OF CHURCH POWER (list the reasons for the decline in Church Power)

PRACTICE!!

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The Middle Ages in Western Europe was characterized by

1. the manor system and the importance of land ownership 2. absolute monarchies and strong central governments 3. decreased emphasis on religion in daily life 4. extensive trade with Asia and the Middle East

Feudal societies are generally characterized by

1. an emphasis on social order 2. a representative government 3. many economic opportunities 4. the protection of political rights

In Europe during the Middle Ages, the force that provided unification and stability was the

1. central government in Rome 2. military alliance between France and Germany 3. federation of the craft guilds 4. Roman Catholic Church

Review #5 The Crusades

Cultural Diffusion

Infidels

Palestine

Jerusalem

Jihad

Islam

Causes and Effects of the CrusadesCauses Effects

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PRACTICE!!!

In Europe, a long-term effect of the Crusades was

1. the strengthening of the feudal system 2. the adoption of Islamic religious practices 3. an increased demand for goods from the East 4. increased European isolation

Which statement best describes the result of the Crusades?

1. Europeans maintained a lasting control over much of the Middle East 2. Islamic influence dominated Europe 3. Europeans developed tolerance of Non-Christian religions 4. trade between Europe and the Middle East was expanded

What were two indirect results of the Crusades?

1. trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was strengthened 2. trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was strengthened 3. trade and commerce increased and the feudal system was weakened 4. trade and commerce declined and the feudal system was weakened

Review #6 The RenaissanceIMPORTANT VOCABULARYRenaissance

Humanism

Commercial Revolution

Capitalism

Vernacular

Secular11


Leonardo da Vinci

Machiavelli

LIFE DURING THE RENAISSANCESocial Life Education

Art Language

Why was Leonardo da Vinci considered to be a “Renaissance Man”?

What were the basics behind the ideas of Machiavelli?

Describe the system of city states that existed in Italy during the Renaissance.

Review #7 The Reformation

Important Vocabulary

Indulgence

Simony

Predestination12


Martin Luther

95 Theses

John Calvin

What were the causes for individual discontent with the R.C. Church?

What actions were taken to solve this discontentment?

How did the actions during the Reformation indicate a need for change within the Church?

Do you think the Commercial Revolution and the Renaissance influenced this event?

Review #8 AGE OF EXPLORATIONBefore Europeans arrived in the Americas, there were civilizations that thrived.

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY

Conquistadors

Hernan Cortes

Colony

Columbian Exchange13


Encomienda

Mercantalism

Middle Passage

Plantation

Triangular Trade

Tribute

Cultural Diffusion

Small Pox

Maya Aztec IncaGeographic Location

Technology

Government

Society

What were the major causes for the fall of the Native American tribes in South America?

Is this negative or positive imperialism?

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Label the Regions on this map that participated in the Triangular Trade. Also label the leg of the passage that is known as the “Middle Passage”.

Look at this chart and make a note of the products that have come to the Americas via the Columbian Exchange.

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Old World to New World: New World to Old World:

Diseases: Smallpox MeaslesChicken PoxMalariaYellow FeverInfluenzaThe Common Cold

Syphilis

Animals: Horses CattlePigsSheepGoatsChickens

TurkeysLlamasAlpacasGuinea Pigs

Plants: Rice WheatBarleyOatsCoffeeSugarcaneBananasMelonsOlivesDandelionsDaisiesCloverRagweedKentucky Bluegrass

Corn (Maize)Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties)Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties)TobaccoPeanutsSquashPeppersTomatoesPumpkinsPineapplesCacao (Source of Chocolate)Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum)PapayasManioc (Tapioca)GuavasAvocados

http://www.answers.com/main/ntquery;jsessionid=hn8kko0kmh5n?dsname=Wikipedia+Images&dekey=Triangle+trade.png&sbid=lc06b


SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ENLIGHTENMENTWHAT WAS THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION?

SCIENTIST/CONCEPT ACHIEVEMENTCOPERNICUS

GALILEO

NEWTON

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

WHAT WAS THE ENLIGHTENMENT?

THINKER IDEAS DEVELOPEDLOCKE

MONTESQUIEU

VOLTAIRE

ROUSSEAU

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IMPACT OF THE ENLIGHTENMENT

EXPLANATION

GOVERNMENT CENSORSHIP

ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS

DEMOCRACY AND NATIONALISM

REVOLUTIONS REVIEWREVOLUTIONSThere are three types of revolutions. Using the chart below, define the type of revolution and give examples of each [Note that one revolution may fit in more than one category]:REVOLUTION TYPE DEFINITION EXAMPLES

ECONOMIC

SOCIAL

POLITICAL

FRENCH REVOLUTIONCAUSES EFFECTS

WHAT WAS THE REIGN OF TERROR AND WHY WAS IT CONSIDERED A RADICAL MOVEMENT?

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NAPOLEONECONOMIC ACHIEVEMNTS POLITICAL

ACHIEVEMENTSSOCIAL ACHIEVEMENTS

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONCAUSES EFFECTS

IMPERIALISM

VOCABULARY

Scramble for Africa:

Berlin Conference:

Ethnocentrism:

White Man’s Burden:

Social Darwinism18


Imperialism

Colony

CAUSESE OF IMPERIALISM EFFECTS OF IMPERIALISM

Describe the areas of the world that were impacted by the imperialist policies of European nations.

HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

1. Define a Human Rights Violation.

2. Define Genocide.

Describe the background to each of the following events and WHY it is considered a Human Rights Violation.Blood Diamonds Child Soldiers

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Holocaust Rwandan Genocide

Khmer Rouge in Cambodia Bosnian Genocide

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