regional implementation matrix

7/28/2019 Regional Implementation Matrix

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Dist.LIMITED

ECLAC/POS/CDCC24/TAC4/2012/1

25 May 2012

ORIGINAL:ENGLISH

Fourth Meeting of the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) of

the Regional Coordinating Mechanism (RCM) for the Mauritius Strategy for

the further implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for

the sustainable development of Small Island Developing States (BPoA/MSI)

Georgetown, Guyana, 25 May 2012

REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION MATRIX FOR THE MONITORING OF THE IMPLEM

THE MAURITIUS STRATEGY FOR THE FURTHER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BARBADOS

THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SIDS1

1 Previously called the CARICOM Matrix


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ACRONYMS

ACP African, Caribbean and PacificACS Association of Caribbean StatesAOSIS Alliance of Small Island States

BPOA Barbados Programme of ActionBSAP Biodiversity Strategy and Action PlanCaMPAM Caribbean Marine Protected Area ManagersCCDRM Canada Caribbean Disaster Risk ManagementCANARI Caribbean Natural Resources InstituteCAP Conservancy Adaptation ProjectCAPE Caribbean Advanced Proficiency ExaminationCARDI Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development InstituteCXC Caribbean Examination CouncilCReW Caribbean Regional Fund for Wastewater ManagementCARICOM Caribbean Community

CAS Complex Adaptive SystemCBD Convention on Biological DiversityCBI Caribbean Basin InitiativeCBWMP Caribbean Basin Water Management ProgrammeCCA Caribbean Conservation AssociationCCCCC Caribbean Community Climate Change CentreCCNTP Caribbean Carbon Neutral Tourism ProgramCCRIF Caribbean Catastrophe Risk Insurance FacilityCCST Caribbean Council for Science and TechnologyCDB Caribbean Development BankCDCC Caribbean Development and Cooperation CommitteeCDEMA Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management AgencyCDKN Climate and Development Knowledge NetworkCDM Clean Development MechanismCDM Comprehensive Disaster ManagementCEHI Caribbean Environmental Health InstituteCEP Caribbean Environment Programme


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CERMES Centre for Resource Management and Environmental StudiesCFC Caribbean Food CorporationCHAMP Caribbean Hazard Mitigation Capacity Building ProgrammeCHENACT Caribbean Hotel Energy Efficiency Action ProgrammeCHTA Caribbean Hotel and Tourism Association

CIDA Canadian International Development AgencyCIMH Caribbean Institute for Meteorology and HydrologyCIPORE Caribbean Information Platform on Renewable EnergyCKLN Caribbean Knowledge and Learning NetworkCLME Caribbean Large Marine EcosystemCMA Caribbean Marine Atlas

CMI Caribbean Maritime InstituteCNIRD Caribbean Network for Integrated Rural DevelopmentCOTED Council for Trade and Economic DevelopmentCP Cleaner ProductionCP&SCICC Cleaner Production & Sustainable Consumption Information Centre for the CaribbeanCPACC Caribbean Planning for Adaptation to Climate ChangeCPDC Caribbean Policy Development CentreCREBAP Energy Efficiency and Bioenergy Action ProgramCRECS Caribbean Renewable Energy Capacity Support Caribbean Renewable Energy Capacity SupCREDP Caribbean Renewable Energy Development ProgrammeCRETAF Caribbean Renewable Energy Technical Assistance FacilityCRFM Caribbean Regional Fisheries MechanismCRMI Caribbean Risk Management InitiativeCSA Caribbean Shipping AssociationCSEP Caribbean Sustainable Energy Programme

CSME Caribbean Single Market and EconomyCTO - Caribbean Tourism OrganizationCUPIDE Caribbean Universities Project for Integrated Distance EducationCWWA Caribbean Water and Wastewater Association CaribbeanCYEN Caribbean Youth Environmental NetworkDEC Distance Education Centre


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DFID Department for International DevelopmentDRM Disaster Risk ManagementDRRC Disaster Risk Reduction CentreEC European CommissionECACC Enhancing Capacity for Adaptation to Climate Change

ECCAA Eastern Caribbean Civil Aviation AuthorityECLAC Economic Commission for Latin America and the CaribbeanECPA Energy and Climate Change Partnership of the AmericasECTEL Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications AuthorityEIA Environmental Impact AssessmentEMA Environmental Management AuthorityERI Environmental Research InstituteEU European UnionFTAA Free Trade Area of the AmericasGEF Global Environment FacilityGEO Global Environment OutlookGFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and RecoveryGIS Geographic Information SystemGIWA Global International Waters AssessmentGIZ German Agency for International CooperationGM Global MechanismGMOS Genetically Modified OrganismGPA Global Programme of ActionGSEII Global Sustainable Energy Islands InitiativeGSU Global Support UnitGWP Global Water Partnership

HRI-

Healthy Reefs InitiativeICT4D Information and Communication Technology for DevelopmentICTS Information and Communication TechnologiesICZM Integrated Coastal Zone ManagementIDB InterAmerican Development BankIDRC International Development Research Centre


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IFI International Financial InstitutionIIC Iwokrama International CentreIMET Italian Ministry for Environment and TerritoryINC Initial National CommunicationsINSMET Institute Of Meteorology

IP Implementation PlanIRDC International Development Research CentreIUCN International Union for Conservation of NatureIW International WatersIWCAM Integrating Watershed and Coastal Areas ManagementIWRN Integrated Water Resources ManagementJICA Japan International Cooperation AgencyLAC Latin America and CaribbeanLBS LandBased SourcesLCDS Low Carbon Development StrategyLDCs Lesser Developed CountriesM.Sc. Master of Science DegreesMACC Mainstreamingand Adaptation to Climate Change

MDGs Millennium Development GoalsMEA Multilateral Environmental AgreementMOU Memorandum of UnderstandingMRP Masters Degree in Telecommunications RegulationMSI Mauritius Strategy of ImplementationMSP MediumSized ProjectNAPS National Action ProgrammesNARI National Agriculture Research Institute

NCSA National Capacity SelfAssessmentNDS National Development StrategyNEEC National Environmental Education CommitteeNFPs National Focal PointsNGO NonGovernmental OrganisationsNPA National Programme of Action


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NSDI National Spatial Data InfrastructureNSDS National Sustainable Development StrategiesNTFPs NonTimber Forest ProductsODA Official Development AssistanceODS Ozone Depleting Substances

OECS Organization of Eastern Caribbean StatesOPDEM Office of Disaster Preparedness and Disaster ManagementPA Protected AreaPACT Protected Areas Conservation TrustPIOJ Planning Institute of JamaicaPISLM Partnership Initiative for Sustainable Land ManagementPOPs Persistent Organic PollutantsPRSP Property Reduction Strategy PaperRCM Regional Coordinating MechanismRDDS Regional Digital Development StrategyRE Renewable EnergyREDD+ Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest DegradationRT Revised TreatySEES School of Earth and Environmental SciencesSES Social Ecological SystemSIDS Small Island Developing StatesSLM Sustainable Land ManagementSLR Sea Level RiseSNC Second National CommunicationSPACC Special Programme for Adaptation to Climate ChangeSPARC Support to Poverty Assessment and Reduction in the CaribbeanSPREP Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme

SRAP SubRegional Action PlanTAC Technical Advisory CommitteeUB University of BelizeUG University of GuyanaUN United Nations


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UNCCCD United Nations Convention to Combat DesertificationUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNEP United Nations Environmental ProgrammeUNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeUNGCSIDS United Nations Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Island Develop

UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaURC UNEP Risoe CentreUSAID United States Agency for International DevelopmentUVI University of the Virgin IslandsUWI University of the West IndiesWRI World Resources Institute


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ACTIVITIESUNDERTAKEN3

community.

Support thereplication of bestpractices ofsustainabledevelopmentactions in theregion and assist inthe determinationof prioritiescontained in theSIDS/POA by inter

alia, more effectiveutilization ofavailable resourcesand reinforcingtheir nationalsustainabledevelopmentstrategies andmechanisms.

b) Periodically monitor andreview the CaribbeanSIDS Programme toensure that it reflects theregions needs andpriorities.

c) Develop capacity formonitoring andevaluation at nationaland regional levelsthrough workshops and

the development of areview mechanism.

Monitoring of key elements of

Caribbean SIDS programme has facilitated through several initiativ

The ECLAC Subregional Headquartfor the Caribbean has embarked onprocess of documenting progress mby Caribbean SIDS in implementingMSI, the concrete actions taken in oto achieve the targets, best practiceand any challenges they may beencountering, or anticipate that themay face, in implementing the MSI

For e.g. ECLAC prepared a CaribbeRegional Report for the FiveYearReview of the MSI in 2010 whichincluded survey to ascertain the st

11Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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d) Facilitate theimplementation of theMauritius Strategythrough the inclusion of

its objectives in therelevant technical

internationally agreed developmen

goals. ECLACs Regional CoordinatiMechanism(RCM) supports monito(refer to section 2)

ECLACs regional implementationmatrix is a useful too l that monitorthe implementation of MSI byCaribbean SIDS.

Many national and regionalconsultations and conferences helpfacilitate the monitoring and review

process. For example the Latin Amand Caribbean (LAC) RegionalPreparatory Meeting for the UNCSDRio+20 (79 September 2011) asseprogress since the 1992 Earth Suminteralia.7

Caribbean SIDS have made progwith regards to the implementatiothe MSI since the convening ofUNGCSIDS in 1992.8

Caribbean SIDS, in responding to an

7 IISD : http://larc.iisd.org/news/latinamericaandcaribbeanmeetingdiscussescontributiontouncsd/?utm_source=lists.iisd.ca&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional++Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional+Coverage

8 United Nations Global Conference on the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States


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components of the

Caribbean SIDSProgramme.

e) Promote widerawareness of theMauritius Strategy andthe Caribbean SIDSprogramme at thenational and regionallevel through workshopsand other media.

ECLAC survey on the implementati

the MSI in 20109

, indicated that monot all, of the thematic areas foundthe MSI were articulated in the NDP

Many countries and regional bo

have developed public awareprogrammes and organized workson many of the thematic areas oMSI including climate change, wmanagement, SLM, renewable eninteralia. (Refer to specific themareas below for more details)

Recently , an increase in suchprogrammes is noted in the regionleading up to the upcoming

9Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)13

Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)14 Source: UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2010. Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review

Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (M


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programmes;

(d) Engagingcorporate andother privatesector actors tocontribute tosustainabledevelopment;(e) Promotingpublic/privatepartnerships;(f) Mobilizingresources at the

national level tomeet thesustainabledevelopment goalsand prioritiesarticulated in theProgramme ofAction.

b) Support ECLAC andCARICOM in its efforts toestablish the RegionalCoordinating Mechanism(RCM) as a leadingmechanism to supportSIDS efforts toimplement internationalcommitments forsustainabledevelopment.

The ECLAC SubRegional Office for

Caribbean serves as the Secretariatthe RCM and the TAC.

ECLAC has established a post ofRegional Adviser to act as the RegioCoordinator of the RCM, based at thECLAC Subregional Headquarters.

Starting with the Ministerial SessioJanuary 2006, there were 3 MinisteSessions of the CDCC for the oversiof the RCM in 2006, 2008 and 2010

There were also 4 MonitoringCommittee Meetings in 2007, 20092010 and 2011.

The TAC met 3 times in 2008, 20092011.

The third meeting was held in Apri2011. 15 Participants includedrepresentatives from member statthe CDCC (4 members attended, anassociate member , the UN Secretar

several intergovernmentalorganizations and regional andinternational institutions

15Source: UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2011. Report of Third meeting of the Technical Advisory C

Mechanism for the Implementation of the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for thIsland Developing States (13 April 2011 , Port of Spain) . Unpubl


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c) Facilitate thedevelopment ofappropriate institutionalmechanisms at thenational level to supportthe effective functioningof the RCM andparticipate in meetingsto finalize the draft termsof reference for nationalfocal points and the TAC.

d) Contribute to the furtherelaboration andimplementation of theCaribbean regional workprogramme on theBPoA/MSI drafted by theCARICOM Secretariat tohighlight best practicesand the identification ofpartnerships.

The RCM works closely with theidentified National Focal Points (NFand has provided technical assistanto governments in the subregion fthe national reporting process or thMSI+5 Review and in theirpreparations for the high level revof the MSI

The meetings of the RCM at theMinisterial Sessions and the MonitoCommittee support the preparationelaborate work plans for the Biennwhich includes a significant level oactivities focusing on the BPOA/MS

The ECLAC Subregional Headquartfor the Caribbean, through its workprogramme, seeks to provide supp

to the diverse obligations in the MSECLAC has held several RegionalWorkshops on issues identified asCaribbean priorities in the BPOA/MThese have helped to increaseknowledge on these issues across tRegion.


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e) Develop mechanisms andprocedures tocollaborate withestablished regionalagencies such as OECSESDU, CARICOM, ACS.

The RCM is engaged in the

establishment of a subregionaldatabase on sustainable developmeactivities and of cooperativeagreements and partnerships amonagencies. 16

NonState actors have a consultativstatus with Caribbean Governmentthrough the RCM. To date, throughparticipation on the TAC,representation has come from theUniversity of the West Indies (UWI

the University of the Virgin Islands(UVI), United Nations EnvironmentProgramme (UNEP), Caribbean PolDevelopment Centre (CPDC), CaribNetwork for Integrated RuralDevelopment (CNIRD) and the CropFoundation.17

ECLAC expects, in the 20122013bienniums to increase its focus on tsustainable development of CaribbSIDS. It plans to strengthen

collaboration with organizationsincluding CARICOM, the Organisati

16ECLAC.2010. Institutional Report Of The ECLAC Subregional Headquarters For The Caribbean On The Support Provided ToFor The Implementation Of The Mauritius Strategy (5 March 2010). ECLAC17Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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sustainable

developmentstrategiesemphasizing theimportance ofenvironmentallysoundtechnologies.

Promote sciencedevelopment andintersectoralsynergies and

undertake targetedinvestments alongwith thedevelopment ofappropriateprogrammes toenhance SIDSappropriatescience andtechnologycapacity, given itsimportance to

resilience building.

Support fortechnology

regional levels and

support thedevelopment,enhancement andimplementation ofregional and subregionalenvironmental strategiesand action plans.

salient thematic areas of the Strate

Significant changes in perception htaken place over the BPoAimplementation period about the rof the environment in sustainabledevelopment.

Caribbean SIDS have reported msuccess in integrating natsustainable development stratewhere they existed, into the NatDevelopment Plans (NDPs)20

National initiatives :Some Caribbean SIDS have nowembraced major policy shifts, adopvarious approaches to transform theconomies into green economies .(Refer to Appendix 3 for more deta

Several regional mechanisms institutions have develprogrammes to support efforts. Tinclude : CARICOM institu

addressing aspects of environmmanagement , Caribbean CommClimate Change Centre (CCCCDEMA, Caribbean Regional Fish





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transfer on

mutually agreedterms and forcapacity building.

c) Assist SIDS in theintegration of

Mechanism (CRFM), CCRIF, Carib

Environment Programme (CCaribbean Maritime Institute (Caribbean Food Corporation (Caribbean Environmental HInstitute (CEHI) , CaribAgricultural Research Development Institute (CARDI), OEMS, ACS

UNEP , EC and the ACP Secretariatseveral other partners are suppothe ACP MEAs project enhanc

capacity of Caribbean and other regto implement MEAs. The CaribHub of the project is hosted byCARICOM Secretariat and is expectbe completed in 20

(Refer to Appendix 3.a for deCaribbean countries have been wowith many international partnerstrengthen efforts. (Refer to liAppendix 1.a )

21http://www.acpmeas.info/hubs-cari-overview.asp


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implementation of the

Bali Strategic Plan intoregional and subregionalprogrammes, including:

Support and initiate thework of research institutionsin SIDS focusing on locallyand regionally definedproblems and priorities forenvironmental management.

Many national and regional institutsupported by regional mechanismsinternational partners in some c(refer to list in Appendix 3a) supresearch initiatives related environmental management.

Several national and reg

universities support environmmanagement programmes (RefeAppendix 8 for more details).Fore.g the Centre for ResoManagement and EnvironmStudies (CERMES) of UWI, condresearch on a wide range of resomanagement and environmental isin the Caribbean.

Regional institutions such as promote and coordinates ap

research relevant to the environmCARDI provides market researchanalysis in the agriculture field, an

31 United Nations General Assembly. 2010. Fiveyear review of the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the PrDevelopment of Small Island Developing States : Report of the SecretaryGeneral (6 July, 2010). United Nations



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Promote and support SouthSouth cooperation in thetransfer of environmentally

sound technologies and bestpractices.

Caribbean Energy Information Sy

(CEIS), undertakes research in theof energy. ECLAC in collaboration the CCCCC conducted research onpotential economic costs of clichange in the Caribbean 22

Several initiatives support this effo

The South South Cooperation betw

Pacific and Caribbean SIDS on ClimChange Adaptation and Disaster Ri

22Assessments were conducted in eight sectors identified as vulnerable by Caribbean stakeholders, across 14 countries. The r

with the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre (CCCCC), with funding provided by the Department for International DeSource:ECLAC:http://www.eclac.cl/cgi-bin/getProd.asp?xml=/portofspain/noticias/noticias/2/44622/P44622.xml

i/p1f.xsl&base=/portofspain/tpl-i/top-bottom.xsl33Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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Contribute and guide theefforts of donors to supportScience and Technologycapacity in SIDS in areassuch as infrastructuredevelopment, energy, waterand sanitation.

Management Project supports the

transfer and exchange of technologcurrently being used by SIDS fordisaster risk management and climchange adaptation, between the Paand the Caribbean regions.It is coordinated by the UNDP PacifCentre, with extensive support fromCaribbean Risk Management Initia(CRMI). Regional partners include:CDEMA, CCCCC and UWI.

UNESCO promotes science andtechnology in SIDS. Regional initiatinclude Cariscience which functionthe regional policy framework forscience, technology and innovationthe Caribbean, and the CaribbeanCouncil for Science and Technology(CCST). 23CCST prepared a RegionaPolicy Framework for Science,Technology and Innovation (STI)24

which identifies priority areas for

Caribbean development. These inclenvironmental management , wast

23 United Nations General Assembly. 2010. Fiveyear review of the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the PrDevelopment of Small Island Developing States : Report of the SecretaryGeneral (6 July, 2010). United Nations24http://www.ccstcaribbean.org/projects.html#PolicyFrameworkSTI34 United Nations General Assembly. 2010. Five-year review of the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Programm

Development of Small Island Developing States : Report of the Secretary-General (6 July, 2010). United Nations


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d) Development of aframework and strategyfor strengtheningtechnology support andcooperation andsupporting the creationof an enablingenvironment fortechnology transfer.

e) Strengthen capacity of

management, Integrated Water

Resources Management, alternativenergy and energy management andisaster management

EUCARINET is a fouryear INCONECoordination Action, supported by EC (DG RTDINCO), whose main goto strengthen biregional sustainabdialogue on Science and Technologbetween Europe and the Caribbean(OCTs). 25

Several regional institutions mechanisms (refer to list in Appe3a) with support from internatpartners in some cases support tefforts.Some examples:

The Global Water Partnership (GWCaribbean provides a regionalmechanism for knowledge and

technology transfer, including bestpractice and its replication.

25 http://www.eucarinet.eu/35Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)36Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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SIDS to adopt these

technologies. The CCCCC has implemented manyprojects which support technologytransfer. For e.g. through the SpeciaProgramme for Adaptation to ClimaChange (SPACC) project , a solarpowered reverse osmosis plant wasetup to purify seawater at BequiaSt. Vincent and the Grenadines. 26

SIDS DOCK, an initiative developedjointly by the CCCCC and the Secretof the Pacific Regional Environmen

Programme (SPREP), provides avehicle for mobilizing financial andtechnical resources to catalyze lowcarbon economic growth in theCaribbean and other regions.

CREDP has provided technicalassistance to identify RenewableEnergy (RE) potential and to deveRE systems in several Caribbeancountries.

Countries are supported also throutheir participation in MEAs. For e.gUNFCCC has established a TechnolTransfer Clearinghouse and a

26 IISD : http://larc.iisd.org/news/unisdrhighlightscaribbeaneffortstowardscarbonneutrality/37Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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Technology Mechanism was

established at the 16th session of thUNFCCC COP in 2010. This is expecto increase opportunities for the re

Through the Clean DevelopmentMechanism (CDM) some countries the region are receiving support inarea of transfer of technology. GuyJamaica , Cuba and the DominicanRepublic have registered CDM projin the pipeline.

The EUCARINET initiative aims tocreate the conditions of the sustainmultistakeholders policy dialogue technology between EU, its MembeStates and the Caribbean Region, inalia

There has been increased advocacymeasures that specifically supporttechnology transfer in the CaribbeaMany national and regional policy a

plans reflect the need for capacitybuilding for technology transferFor e.g. the need for increased supfor technology transport is reflectethe 2011 CARICOM submission to UNCSD (Rio+20) 27

27 November 2011, http://www.uncsd2012.org/rio20/index.php?page=view&type=510&nr=483&menu=20


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common, but

differentiated,responsibilitiesand respectivecapabilities, andthe effectiveimplementation ofthe Kyoto Protocolby those countriesthat have ratifiedit; (c) Promoteincreased energyefficiency and

development andthe use ofrenewable energyas a matter ofpriority, as well asadvanced andcleaner fossil fueltechnologies, interalia, through publicand /or privatepartnerships,marketoriented

approaches, aswell as supportive

b) Enhance regionalinstitutional capabilitiesfor coordination ofnational responses tonegative effects ofclimate change.

some have submitted theirs.

These reports generally include avulnerability and adaptationassessment.

The CCCCC and CCRIF signed an in August 2011 to formalize growing collaboration in assiCaribbean countries to develop clichange adaptation strategies. objective of the MOU is to Caribbean governments bunderstand the risks of climate ch

to their economies. 42

Many regional institutions, mechanand initiatives with support frominternational partners in some caseare supporting climate changeinitiatives.These include: CCCCC, CRMI , CCRIFCDEMA, CARDI, CEHI, CREDP, CEP CaribSave, interaliaMany of these are supported by

partners including IDB and the WoBank

42 CCRIF: http://www.ccrif.org/news/caribbean-countries-benefit-partnership-develop-climate-change-adaptation-strategies



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public policies and

internationalcooperation, andsupport their usein small islanddeveloping States(SIDS), whereappropriate, and inaccordance withtheir nationalpolicies; (d)Implement theBuenos Aires

programme ofwork onadaptation andresponsemeasures, inparticular thoseelements that arerelevant to SIDS;(e) Work tofacilitate andpromote thedevelopment,

transfer anddissemination of

Regional financial institutions suchthe CDB are helping to build capaciFor e.g CDB is expected to receiClimate Action Line of Credit equivto EUR 50 million from the EuroInvestment Bank (EIB) to addressevere vulnerability of Cborrowing member countries toeffects of climate change, interalia

In 2009, the Heads of Government

CARICOM approved the LiliendaalDeclaration on Climate Change andDevelopment which defines thenational and international positionthe CARICOM member states.

They also approved A RegionalFramework for Achieving DevelopmResilient to Climate Change, prepaby the CCCCC which articulates thestrategic direction for the Caribbearesponse to climate change risks (2

to 2015)44 In 2012, they approveImplementation Plan (IP) to delive

43 Source: CDB (January 6th , 2012) : http://www.caribank.org/titanweb/cdb/webcms.nsf/AllDoc/38ABAEE11854EC2604257Date accessed: 14th March, 201244 CCCCC. (2009), Climate Change and the Caribbean:A Regional Framework for Achieving Development Resilient to Climate C

Belize


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SIDS of

appropriatetechnologies andpractices toaddress climatechange; (f) Buildand enhancescientific andtechnologicalcapabilities,including in SIDS,inter alia, throughcontinuing support

toIntergovernmentalPanel on ClimateChange for theexchange ofscientificinformation anddata, including,where relevant, toSIDS; (g) Enhancetheimplementation of

national, regionaland internationalstrategies tomonitor theEarthsatmosphere,including asappropriate,

c) Institutional support forthe CaribbeanCommunity ClimateChange Centre (CCCCC).

d) Enhance the capability ofthe center to procure andoffer technical supportservices to CaribbeanSIDS.

actions envisaged within the Regio

Framework.The IP is expected to support thestrengthening of regional institutio

The CCCCC was officially opened in2005 to coordinate the Caribbeansresponse to climate change.A major initiative supporting Centre was the signing of an agreebetween the Centre and AusAID in 2011 where AusAID is providing a

of Au$4.7 million for institutsupport to the Centre through 2015

Through its programme ofcollaboration with other regionalinstitutions and support frominternational partners in some casethe Centre promoted a number ofclimate changerelated workshops projects:

CPACC, ACC and MACC (these hbeen completed)

Enhancing Capacity for Adaptto Climate Change (ECACC) inUK Caribbean Overseas TerritProject.


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strategies for

integratedobservations, interalia, with thecooperation ofrelevantinternationalorganizations; andwork with SIDS tostrengthen theirinvolvement inmonitoring andobserving systems

and enhance theiraccess to and useof information.(h) SIDS, withnecessary supportof the internationalcommunity,including throughthe facilitation andimprovement ofaccess to existingresources and ,

where appropriate,through allocationof dedicatedfinancialresources, will asan integral e) Support the centre in the

The SPACC: ImplementationAdaptation Measures in CoZone Project45

The Caribbean Carbon NeutralTourism Program (CCNTP)

The IP was developed by the Cwith financial assistance fromUK Department for InternatDevelopment (DFID) and Climate Development

Knowledge Network (CDKN).

In June, 2011 an agreement signed between the Centre anEuropean Union (EU) where thhas allocated 8 million to meechallenges of climate change in17 CARIFORUM countries inCaribbean. The CCCCC wilmanaging the project.

The CDB Clearinghouse Project(Refer to Appendix 4 for additionaldetails and activities of the Centre )

In May 2011, an MOU was signed

45 As of March 27, 2012


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component of their

nationalsustainabledevelopmentstrategies, whereappropriate,develop andimplementnationaladaptationstrategies andfacilitate regionaland interregional

cooperation,including withinthe framework ofthe United NationsFrameworkConvention onClimate Change.(i). SIDS, withassistance fromregionaldevelopmentbanks and other

financialinstitutions, asappropriate,should coordinate

strengthening of linkages

with counterpartagencies in other SIDS.

f) Organization of nationaland regional seminars onCDM technology andassist in the developmentof appropriate CDMprojects

g) Assist the CCCCC inassessing and realizingpotential to serve as aregional operationalentity for the CDM.

h) Continued support ininternational forum onthe vulnerabilities ofSIDS.

between SPREP and CCCCC to

strengthen collaboration between ttwo agencies

Caribbean countries have beenparticipating in seminars, workshoand other forums to strengthen thecapacity to develop and implementCDM projects.For example, the CCCCC and the UNRisoe Centre (URC) organized aCaribbean Regional Workshop for

Designated National Authorities (Dof the CDM in March 2011 in Cuba.

Belize is participating in a capacity building programimplemented through the UNEP Centre and the CCCCC

Most Caribbean SIDS have ratifiedUNFCCC, and many play an active r

in the official UNFCCC negotiationscollaborate with wider groupsincluding the Alliance of Small IslaStates (AOSIS) to develop globalpositions46.

46http://unfccc.int/national_reports/items/1408.php


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further, on a

regional basis, toestablish orstrengthennational andregional climatechangecoordinationmechanisms.

i) Integrating climatechange into developmentissues particularly landuse planning, tourism,fishing, forestry, disastermitigation.

The UNFCCC is supporting many

climate change adaptation andmitigation initiatives in the region.Countries can benefit through newmechanisms such as the Green Funthe Cancun Adaptation FrameworkAdaptation Fund and TechnologyMechanisms . For e.g. in June ,2011UNFCCC Adaptation Fund Boardendorsed a project concept forJamaica47The UNFCCC has supported countrin preparing their SNCs.

GEF has been financing many projein the region.

Many countries have been actinvolved in developing initiativemainstream climate change in development process.

For e.g. one of the major goaBarbados National Strategic (20062025) speaks specificallybuilding a Green Economy48 .


47http://larc.iisd.org/news/adaptation-fund-board-accredits-national-and-regional-implementing-entities/?referrer=latin-america-&-car

update&utm_source=lists.iisd.ca&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional+Update+-+5+Jul

+Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional+Coverage

48http://www.unep.org/greeneconomy/AdvisoryServices/Barbados/tabid/56246/Default.aspx


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Guyanas Low Carbon DevelopStrategy (LCDS) sets out a developpath for the country that is baseGuyana deploying its forests to mitglobal climate change.

Cubas IndEco project integclimate change into its broinstitutional, policy and national and programmes.

Many disaster management pro

implemented include considerafor climate change. For e.g. a PrCooperation Agreement was siin February 2011 between UNEPthe Planning Institute of Jam(PIOJ), for the Climate ChAdaptation and Disaster Risk ReduProject.

Some countries are adopsustainable tourism initiatives whelp to reduce the impacts of cli

change in the long term. In 2009

64 UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2010. Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (M

65 UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2010. Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (M


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Caribbeans public and private s

tourism groupings, the CTO andCaribbean Hotel and TouAssociation (CHTA) launched a prto help the Caribbean hotel sector mtowards energy efficiency.49The CCCCCs Caribbean Carbon NeTourism Program (CCNTP) aimreduce the sectors vulnerabilitclimate change

Several countries have setup clichange offices or departments. Fo

in 2011, Suriname establisheClimate Compatible DevelopAgency (CCDA) to help formulamore structured approach to clichange matters.

Also some countries have snational climate change commiwhich includes representatives major sectors including land planning, tourism, fishing, forestrydisaster mitigation.

Sectoral assessments have been car

49UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2010. Caribbean Regional Report for the Five-Year Review of the Ma

Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States (MSI +5)


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j) Conduct sectoral impactassessment studies.

k) Consider the impacts ofchanging weatherpatterns on coastal

out with the support from

Organisations including CCCCC andECLAC.

The CCCCs MACC project conducteVulnerability and Capacity Assessm(VCAs) and developed NationalAdaptation Strategies in severalcountries for key sectors such asagriculture, water , health and tourECLAC in cooperation with the Cconducted a study on the poteeconomic costs of climate change i

Caribbean subregion by 205mitigation and adaptation actionnot taken. 50Sectoral assessments are alsodeveloped through SNC Projects.

The Caribsave study, ModellingTransformational Impacts and CoSea Level Rise (SLR) in the Caribbprovides a detailed analysis to da

50 Assessments were conducted in eight sectors identified as vulnerable by Caribbean stakeholders, across 14 countries. The rewith the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre (CCCCC), with funding provided by the Department for International DeSource: ECLAC : http://www.eclac.cl/cgibin/getProd.asp?xml=/portofspain/noticias/noticias/2/44622/P44622.xml&xsl=/poi/p1f.xsl&base=/portofspain/tpli/topbottom.xsl


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communities particularly

their ability tosuccessfully adapt.

the damages and costs associated

SLR for the CARICOM nations51

CCCCC has supported the establishof a regional network of stationsthe collection, analysis, dissemination of hymeteorological and sealevel relevant to the observation of clichange, and the measuremenclimate changerelated impactpotentially vulnerable sectors ofregions economies, such as agricul

health, tourism, etc.The CCCCC in a cooperation withCuban Institute of Meteoro(INSMET) , is actively engagecalculating climate models projections for the Caribbean. Centre has provided training inregion in the use of climate moutputs in impact studies

ECLAC published a report in 2011

examined current and future trenclimate variability and their limpacts on the Caribbean and Americans extensive coastline.52

51http://caribsave.org/index.php?id=5

52 http://larc.iisd.org/news/eclac-report-examines-climate-change-impacts-on-latin-america-and-caribbean-coasts/


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l) Facilitate the transfer ofappropriate technologiesfor responding to thesechallenges.

The CCCCC has implemented manyprojects which support technologytransfer. For e.g. through the SPACCproject, a solarpowered reverseosmosis plant was setup to purifyseawater at Bequia in St. Vincent anthe Grenadines. 53

The UNFCCC has established aTechnology Transfer Clearinghous

and a Technology Mechanism whicexpected to increase opportunitiesthe region.

Through the CDM some countries iregion are receiving support in theof transfer of technology. Guyana,Jamaica, Cuba and the DominicanRepublic have registered CDM projin the pipeline.

53 IISD : http://larc.iisd.org/news/unisdr-highlights-caribbean-efforts-towards-carbon-neutrality/


67 Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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m)Promotion andimplementation ofrelevant publicawareness programmes.

Many regional institutions mechanisms such as the CCCCCOECS, and national organizationsNGOs help to promote pawareness on climate chGovernments have supported mlocal initiatives, for e.g. though anevents such as World Environmenand Earth Day.

Many countries and regorganisations have developed web

and online tools to increase awarenFor e.g. CCCCC has developed anInformation Clearing House whichfacilitates the sharing of climatechange and other related informatiand its impact on the region54

54http://www.caribbeanclimate.bz/index.php?Itemid=108&option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper


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The UNFCCC supports counthrough several programmes incluthe New Delhi work programme

Some other key initiatives include:

My Island My Community is aProgramme organised by PCIMediImpact and the OECS that uses medand communications to addressenvironmental; issues including clichange.55

Panos Caribbean has been suppoefforts to raise awareness on clichange in the Caribbean.56 The VOfor Climate Change Education is a project of The National EnvironmEducation Committee (NEEC) Panos Caribbean

CYEN a youth based organisationbeen developing programmes to awareness on climate change for y

in the Caribbean region.

Climate and Development Knowl

55http://www.comminit.com/?q=naturalresource/content/myislandmycommunity

56http://panoscaribbean.org/home


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n) Support for IntegratedFlood ManagementApproaches for Guyana.

Network (CDKN) has develop

climate change handbook formedia

CARIBSAVE is producing a series ohigh quality short films on climatechange for awareness raising,education and capacity building incommunities and governments acrthe region. 57

Guyana is undertaking the GEF fu

Conservancy Adaptation Project (to reduce the vulnerabilitycatastrophic flooding in the Gulowlying coastal area. It is expectbe completed in 2013 58

In 2009, IDB approved a US$1 mgrant to support the design implementation of an IntegDisaster Risk Management PlanGuyana. The approved operation

57http://caribsave.org/index.php?id=5

58 Source : Guyana - Conservancy Adaptation Project : P103539 - Implementation Status Results Report : Sequence 08. Available at:

wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMeyID=0000A8056_2011082810541589&searchMenuPK=64187283&theSitePK=523679


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o) Sedimentation forAmazon currents,estuarine siltation inGuyana.

fund the identification of country

indicators and flood risk evaluation

The Amazon River is characteriseda very high turbidity. It dischargesyear an estimated 731 million tonnsediment eroded. It has been estimthat about 150.106 m3 per year of fisediment is transported in suspensalong the coasts of the Guyanas(NEDECO, 1968). 60

The effects of ocean currents resultcompressed band of the sedimentsalong the shore leading to frequentblockages of the drainage systemsalong Guyana Coast.

A key response in Guyana has beenuse pontoons with dredging equipmto clear the outfalls at the mouths odrainage rivers and canals several

59http://www.iadb.org/en/news/newsreleases/20090805/idbsupportsguyanaseffortstoimprovedisasterrisk,5556.ht

60FAO. Regional Reviews and National Management Reports Fourth Workshop on the Assessment and Management of Shrim

Guianas Shelf, Cuman, Venezuela, 213 October 2000. Available at : http://www.fao.org/DOCREP/003/Y1715E/y1715e06.ht


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times a year.

In 2008, for example, the GuyanaMinistry of Agriculture acquired a(Guy) $40M pontoon to dredge outchannels along the Coast in areas thwere affected by silt.61

61Source : GINA, July 27, 2008 : http://gina.gov.gy/archive/daily/b080727.html


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affecting human

settlements stemmingfrom natural andenvironmental disasters.

of national economies in

several countries.

Key institutions andmechanisms that aresupporting projects andinitiatives in DRM includeCDEMA , The CCRIF, CRMICDB, The ACS, Red CrossCaribbean , ECLAC, TheAlliance for DisasterManagement ,The OECSSecretariat, The Canada

Caribbean Disaster RiskManagement (CCDRM) Fu,CARIBSAVE , UWI DisasRisk Reduction Centre (DRand the CCCCC

One of the key initiativessupporting the region is thCCRIF, which is a risk poo

facility, owned, operated aregistered in the CaribbeaCaribbean governments.6

68http://www.ccrif.org/content/aboutus 87 Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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c) Support incollaboration withCDEMA, the

CCRIF Climate Risk Adapt

and Insurance in the Caribprogramme will design animplement products thatcombine risk reduction aninsurance to protect thelivelihoods of low incomegroups in the Caribbean.

(refer to Appendix 5 fordetails)

CDEMA madea strategic sin focus from disasterpreparedness and responcomprehensive disaster

88 Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme . 2011. Caribbean Imfor Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP has undertaken a review of HFA implementation in Cuba, Dominica, Jamaica, theIslands

89 Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme . 2011. Caribbean Imfor Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP has undertaken a review of HFA implementation in Cuba, Dominica, Jamaica, theIslands

90 United Nations General Assembly. 2010. Fiveyear review of the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the Pr

Development of Small Island Developing States : Report of the SecretaryGeneral (6 July, 2010). United Nations


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implementation of

CARICOM regionalprogramme framework20052015.

management (CDM). Wi

support from key partnerimplementing projects aninitiatives that support mareas of the CARICOM regprogramme framework. Tinclude CDM, communitydisaster management, floopreparedness , hazardmitigation, safer buildingssearch and rescue,vulnerability assessmentsincorporating climate cha

considerations into disastmanagement interalia

CDEMA has developed aninstrument for its membestates which assists inidentifying the level ofpreparedness of eachparticipating country. Itprovides warnings as welsituation reports for all thto the region, and has als

organised training in crisimanagement, contingencyplanning, exercisedevelopment and a numb


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d) Facilitate thedevelopment ofprogrammes fortraining in hazardmitigation and project

management fornational disastercoordinators, the socioeconomic andenvironmental impactsof natural hazards fordamage assessmentteams, awarenessraising.

other areas related to

preparedness and respon

(See Appendix 5. c for keyCDEMA projects andinitiatives )

Training is provided as a mcomponent in many DisRisk Management (projects in the region, fothrough CCRIF and CDprojects

CDEMAs Caribbean DiManagement Project (Cintends to train through mworks, professionals hazard mapping and dismanagement planningCDEMA and equip theprepare hazard maps disaster management plahazard vulnerable areas CDEMA community.

In some cases traininoffered to Community groups by national dis

69 Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme . 2011. Caribbean Ifor Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP


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offices as well as NGOs su

the Red Cross through national offices.

Some tertiary instituinclude DRM as part oacademic programme. offers a Masters coursDRM, and includes DRM undergraduate programmUWIs Disaster Risk ReduCentre (DRRC) sutraining to enhance dis

mitigation and managemthe Caribbean region 71

In Cuba DRM is includthe curriculum at all of the education syCuba prioritized straining for civil defenenable immediate respfollowing a hurricane 72

70Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme. 2011. Caribbean Im

for Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP71

Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme. 2011. Caribbean Imfor Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP72 Disaster Risk Reduction Centre, University of the West Indies, United Nations Development Programme. 2011. Caribbean Imfor Action, HFA MidTerm Review. UNDP


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e) (Saint Lucia) Enhanceemergency responsecommunicationssystems through:

Development of GISwithin emergencymanagementorganizations tofacilitate disaster riskreduction and

management;

Provision of GIS andhazard Mitigationtraining including inhazard mapping andvulnerabilityassessments.

Several countries integrating GIS systemimprove disaster manageFor e.g.Jamaicas Office of DisPreparedness and Dis

Management (ODPEM) integrated the use oftechnology in its operatibetter manage the phand human environmethe local/national level b(planning, mitigpreparedness), d(response) and (recovery) disaster event

The GIS Unit at ODPE

geared at developing managing a national dis

73http://www.odpem.org.jm/BePrepared/HowODPEMPreparesJa/UseofGIS/tabid/70/Default.aspx

91Government of Grenada, Climate Investment Funds (CIF), World Bank. 2011. Proceedings: Eastern Caribbean OpenSource G

Workshop, St. Georges Grenada (October 67, 2011).


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Development ofnational spatial datainfrastructure (NSDI) tofacilitate developmentalactivities generally and,in particular, disasterrisk reduction anddisaster management

activities;

database, providing tech

support and training of interalia.

Efforts have been made iregion to develop NSDsupport DRM.

The Global Facility for DisReduction and Rec(GFDRR) is supportinginstallation of four GeoN

in Saint Lucia, Grenada, Vincent and the Grenaand at UWI Indies in Triand Tobago. A GeoNodeopensource platform facilitates the creation, shand collaborative usgeospatial data. There is GeoNode for Haiti thadeployed in the aftermathe earthquake.74

The Government of Grwith support from separtners, held the EaCaribbean OpenSGeospatial Data SharingManagement Workshop

74 http://www.gfdrr.org/gfdrr/node/949


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2011 to discuss the prob

and solutions of shgeospatial data to imdisaster risk managemethe Caribbean.75 Particiwere trained on installation and useGeoNode applications

Saint Lucia launched a nadata sharing and manageplatform in March, 2012 wallows GIS users to qu

locate collected geos(GIS) data and use inational webbased sitintegrating GIS data information into longphysical planning development, decision mare better equipped to deefficient DRM strategiesadapt to increasing clvariability and other clrelated impacts. 76

75 Source: IISD : http://larc.iisd.org/news/caribbeanworkshopfocusesonimprovingdisasterriskmanagement/?utm_source=lists.iisd.ca&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional+Upd+Latin+America+%26+Caribbean+Regional+Coverage

76 http://www.gfdrr.org/gfdrr/node/1164


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f)

Support theimprovement ofcommunicationssystems withinemergencymanagementorganizations andprovide requisitetraining both for basicuse and at thetechnician/maintenance level.

Jamaicas ODPEM implementing a project, wcommenced in July 200intended to improve dismanagement communicand planning systems anational, parish community levels.77

Cuba has establisheefficient nacommunication network

has become vital for gcitizens sufficient warniupcoming hurricanes78

CDEMA with funding fromInternational DevelopmenResearch Centre (IDRC)implemented a ResearchProject (September 2007February 2009) which aito enhance the effectiveneDisaster Management

practices in the Caribbeanregion through theidentification and testing




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g) Strengthen emergencyshelters through theretrofitting, installationof standby equipment,such as, generators.

h) Improve emergencyresponse through

innovative Information an

Communication Technolo(ICTs)

CDEMAs Caribbean HMitigation Capacity BuProgramme (CHAMP) supthe strengthening of building practices butraining and certificinteralai. CHAMP actiwill be carried out in the

pilot states of Belize, BVirgin Islands, Grenada aLucia.79

The CCCCCS SPACC projimplementing the MarBuilding Project demonstrate the designimplementation of approinterventions to reincritical infrastructure, usthe management of na

disasters.

In 2009, USAID/provided assistance

79http://www.cdema.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=66&Itemid=85


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training in the use of

Incident CommandSystems for predictivepurposes.

i) Promote and supportthe establishment of

marine protected areasparticularly of coralreefs and mangroveswhich serve as naturalshoreline protectors.

Barbados in implementin

In 2009 members of theemergency response forceSt. Vincent and the Grenadundertook intensive traincourses at a the NationalEmergency ManagementOrganisation (NEMO)in I

Several programmes supporting this effort i

Region.

Guyanas ManRestoration Project supthe protection development of sustaimangrove forests. The pcommenced in 2010 asupporting areas administrative capdevelopment, resecommunity developmen

capacity building, manrestoration, monitoringawareness and education

MPAs are an impomanagement tool

80 http://mangrovesgy.org/


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conserving coral reefs.

Caribbean nations established parks or protareas to safeguard mbiodiversity.81 In Beliconsiderable effort has directed towards developsystem of marine protareas and the legalinstitutional policy framefor managing coral reefsplace82

The CCCCC has suppproject studies which relstrengthening coral resilience to climate chimpacts in the Caribbean.

WRI conducted econvaluation studies of coraland mangroves at nationasubnational levels in Caribbean countries. results are used to identif

build support for policiehelp to ensure healthy co

81 http://www.wri.org/publication/content/784982http://www.wri.org/publication/content/7877


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j) Facilitate therehabilitation ofdegraded coastalresources.

ecosystems and sustai

economies.83

Many countries inCaribbean are undertaknumber of activitiesmitigate further degradatthe coastal resources. 84

regional institutions mechanisms with sufrom international partnesome cases are suppo

initiatives.

Several countries adopted an Integrated CoZone Management (Iapproach to rdegradation. For e.g. BarbBelize and Saint Lucia established coastal management units effectively manage coastal resources throug

creation and implementof coastal zone manage

92Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)83http://www.wri.org/project/valuationcaribbeanreefs84 Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)



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plans. Guyana has an

Plan

Barbados developed a Barbados Beach ManagemPlan which creates clearguidelines for the sustainamanagement of beachresources and the DominRepublic is implementingproject to mitigate the imof Industrial Wastes on itCoast.

The CCCCCS CPACC and Mprojects supported climatvulnerability and adaptatiassessments for coastal arin several regions. The SPproject is supporting theefforts of Dominica, St. Luand St. Vincent and theGrenadines to implementspecific, integrated, pilotadaptation measures thatprimarily address the imp

of climate change on theirnatural resource base, witfocus on biodiversity and degradation along coastalnearcoastal areas.The CEP is an impomechanism for regcooperation, particularl


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issues relating to coasta

marine conservation.The GEF funded project oIntegrating Watershed anCoastal Areas ManagemenSIDS of the Caribbean (GIWCAM Project) supportecapacity building of theparticipating countries toimplement an integratedapproach to the managemof watersheds and coastalareas.

f) ENERGYRESOURCES

The Forum ofMinisters to furtherdevelop the SouthSouth cooperationbetween LatinAmerican countriesand Caribbean SIDS,taking into account thepriority areas

identified by theMinisterial SupportGroup, in particular,support for renewableenergies.

SIDS are committed, withthe necessary support ofthe internationalcommunity, to develop andimplement integratedenergy programmes.These programmes shouldinclude, inter alia,comprehensiveassessments of energyresources, current and

projected patterns ofenergy use, and ways toenhance energy efficiencyin SIDS, and promote thedevelopment and use of

a) Implementation ofprojects that supportthe introduction ofcleaner production withspecial emphasis on theuse of renewableenergy (RE)

CEHI serves as the CleaneProduction & SustainableConsumption InformationCentre for the Caribbean(CP&SCICC). The CP&SCICa joint initiative with UNEThe Centre is designed todisseminate and shareinformation on SCP to allinterested users.94

The Cleaner Production (Cand EcoEfficiency for SmMedium and Micro Enterpand the Tourism Sector Pr

94http://www.cehi.org.lc/cpii/index.htm


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renewable energy as well

as advanced clean energytechnologies that areaffordable and readilyadaptable to thecircumstances of SIDS.

Promote widerdissemination andapplication of technologythat is appropriate to SIDSand to strengthen existingmechanisms, such as the

United Nations renewableenergy fund and the UnitedNations DevelopmentProgramme thematic trustfund on energy forsustainable development,for this purpose.Cooperation among SIDSshould be further pursuedin areas where success hasbeen achieved, such as acollaborative agency for

financing renewableenergy and energyefficiency projects in SIDS.

b) Support through theSouthSouth facility thedelivery of RE trainingworkshops, transfer ofsound RE technologies,development of

innovative mechanismsfor financing REprojects, exchange of

was carried out by CEHI in

conjunction USAID. Theobjectives of this projectincluded: building capacitthe regional and national in the Caribbean to adopt efficiency and CP technoloprocesses and practices;sensitizing stakeholders aCP and ecoefficiency andconducting a baseline stucleaner production in theCaribbean for the further

development of a cleanerproduction programme. 9

Some key initiatives:The Supporting PolicyDialogue on SustainableEnergy Services for SIDSthrough SouthSouthCooperation project aime

encourage cooperation andialogue between thecountries of the region in

95http://www.cehi.org.lc/index.php/projects/10-programmes-a-projects/32-cleaner-production-and-eco-efficiency



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practice and technical

cooperationprogrammes

order to facilitate more

effective provision ofsustainable energy servicand enhance energy securThis process was executewith the expertise providethe CCCCC and funded by United Nations Foundatio

AOSIS in August 2011,launched the SIDS DOCK international organizationintended to catalyze

sustainable energy projecincluding renewable enerSIDS. It was developed joiby the CCCCCC and theSecretariat of the PacificRegional EnvironmentProgramme (SPREP)97 Itserves as a mechanism tofacilitate exchange betwethe different regions.

The Caribbean Renewable

Energy Capacity Support(CRECS) project is supporthe establishment of a

96http://cipore.org/regional-page-3/bioenergy-in-the-caribbean2/

97http://sids-l.iisd.org/news/sids-dock-launched-to-catalyze-renewable-energy/?referrer=linkages-iisdrs


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c) Support theimplementation of theCaribbean RenewableEnergy DevelopmentProgramme (CREDP)

framework for southsout

cooperation between theenergy sector of CARICOMthe Dominican Republic

CREDP is the most significRegional renewable energproject over the last decadCARICOM98It was financed from 2sources: GEF of the WorldBank with UNDP as the

Implementing Agency andThe GEF component wasfunded in the amount ofUS$4.426Million andimplemented through theUNPD, and is referred to aCREDP/UNDP. The othercomponent was funded inamount of US$2.2 million CREDP/GIZ during the PhI. Under Phase II (20082additional funding in amo

5.25 million were providCREDP/GIZ was expected

98 Source: Caricom Energy Programme: http://cc-energyprogramme.org/index.php/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/38-caribprogramme-credp


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run to the end of March 299

The main objectives of CRare to dismantle identifiebarriers to the increased urenewable energy in theregion in areas of: Policy,Finance, Capacity andInformation/awareness.

CREDP achievements:

Several CARICOM countriwere supported indevelopment of nationalenergy policies.

Mechanisms were establisfor financing RE projects. project provided small grato support various REobjectives under policydevelopment; feasibilitystudies; support ofgovernment official to attcritical energy related

13099 Source: Caricom Energy Programme: http://cc-energyprogramme.org/index.php/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/38-carib

programme-credp

131


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meetings

RE Projects were supportAntigua and Barbuda,Barbados, Dominica, GuyJamaica, St. Lucia, St. Vin

Suriname100

Capacity Building wasprovided. This aspect ofCREDP/UNDP was considto be most successful in teof the number of trainingworkshops conducted

CREDP has supported natand regional capacity builactivities including theCaribbean Sustainable EnForum, Teachers TrainingRE (Grenada, St. Kitts andNevis) Assistance, supporNational Energy AwareneWeek (Guyana, St Lucia)

(Refer to Appendix 7.c fordetails of CREDP activities

the region)

EffortstoincreaseREus

100http://credp-gtz.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=48&Itemid=58.


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d) Assist governments informulatingappropriate policies,legislation andeconomic incentives orincrease the use ofrenewable energy

Many countries are

developing new policies astrategies that reflect a deto take more sustainableenergy pathways whichinclude RE systems. CEISCIPORE provides a list of kprojects in countries

Several regional institutioprogrammes and mechanwith support frominternational partners in s

cases have been supportinthe development of REprojects in the region.:Key initiatives include:The CARICOM EnergyProgramme , The CaribbeInformation Platform onRenewable Energy (CIPORthe Caribbean EnergyInformation System (CEISThe Caribbean SustainablEnergy Programme (CSE

SIDS DOCK, CHENACT , CProject, Biofuels Agreemeexecuted by Governments




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e) Build legal capacityamong SIDS for further

development of energypolicy and otherrelevant legislationwhich will expeditefurther exploitation ofRETs in the region

Brazil and the United Stat

IDB and the JapanInternational CooperationAgency (JICA), CaribbeanRenewable Energy, EnergEfficiency and BioenergyAction Program (CREBAPCaribbean renewable eneenergy efficiency and carbfinance facility, EUCARINEEastern Caribbean GeotheDevelopment Project (GeoCaraibes), ACP Energy Fac

Energy and Climate ChangPartnership of the Americ(ECPA) Initiative, GlobalSustainable Energy IslandInitiative (GSEII)

(Refer to Appendix 7.d formore details on initiatives

Supportpolicies,legisla

andeconomicincentive

buildingoflegalcapacit

Many Caribbean SIDS havdeveloped national energpolicies and others are in form awaiting approval. Tprogress was achievedprimarily through the effoof the Caribbean SIDS


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themselves, with critical

support from internationadevelopment partners anintergovernmental regionorganizations and nongovernmental organizatioand the international finainstitutions. 101

A draft CARICOM EnergyPolicy has been developedis now being finalized; ta

finalization date is mid 20102

Under the CREDP/UNDP,selected CARICOM countrwere supported indevelopment of nationalenergy policies.

National Energy Polices wapproved in St. Vincent & Grenadines and Jamaica.

Draft national Energy poliin the Bahamas, BarbadosDominica, St. Lucia, St. Kit

101UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2010. CaribbeanRegionalReportforthe Five-Year ReviewoftheMImplementationofthe Barbados ProgrammeofActionfortheSustainable DevelopmentofSmallIslandDeveloping States(MSI+102 Source : CARICOM Energy Programme: http://cc-energyprogramme.org/index.php/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/52


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Nevis, Suriname, Belize an

Guyana are being formula

Laws pertaining to Energywere enacted in Nevis andDominica.

Policy preparation in theregion was enhanced toestablish nationalconsultations andstakeholders participatiopart of the policy formula

process.

One of the aims of theSupporting Policy DialoguSustainable Energy Servicfor SIDS through SouthSoCooperation project is toassess capacity needs of Sgovernments in order to da regional sustainable enestrategy

The ECPA Caribbean Initipromotes sustainable enepolicies and programsto agovernments in thedeployment of RE technolby providing shortterm lcounsel and technicalassistance on clean energy


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f) Support thedevelopment ofregional financingmechanism forRenewable Energy

projects, interalia. 103

The Caribbean RenewableEnergy Capacity Support(CRECS) project seeks toassist Member States informulating primary andsecondary national, electrand energy supply legislatwith RE focus and withregional model legislatioguide.

The CREDP/UNDP projectaimed at developing ademonstration innovativefinancing instrument tosupport RE development.vehicle called CaribbeanRenewable Energy wasdesigned but notimplemented.

Also a Caribbean RenewaEnergy technical Assistan

Facility (CRETAF) which wdesigned as a contingent lfacility was not implemenas designed. This was

103 http://www.ecpamericas.org/initiatives/default.aspx?id=25134Caribbean Regional Report for the FiveYear Review of the MSI (ECLAC ,2010)


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g) Develop regional andnational capacity toevaluate RE proposals

h) Strengthen human andinstitutional capacity inSIDS to assess, evaluatethe suitability ofrenewable energytechnologies to national

converted to a straight gra

during the extension wheRE projects in 6 countrieswere supported. CRETAFdesigned to focus on gridconnected RE technologiesolar water heating. 104

Many financing partners hbeen supporting key REprojects.These include: CIDA, CDB,European Investment Ban

(EIB), GEF, IDB, The WorBank

Several programmes andprojects in the region aresupporting these activitieMany national institutionalso developing capacity iarea through their own ef

CREDP has provided techassistance to identify REpotential and to develop systems in several countrincluding Antigua and

104 Source : CARICOM Energy Programme: http://cc-energyprogramme.org/index.php/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/52


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and regional

circumstances

i) Renewable Energy frombiodiesel, biomassgasification, windgeneration

Barbuda, Barbados, Domi

Guyana, Jamaica, St. LuciaVincent, Suriname (refer Appendix 7.c for details)

CREDP has supported natand regional capacity builactivities including theCaribbean Sustainable EnForum, Teachers TrainingRE (Grenada, St. Kitts andNevis) Assistance, supporNational Energy Awarene

Week (Guyana, St Lucia)

The CRECS project issupportingthestrengthenof human and institutioncapacity in SIDS to assess,evaluate the suitability ofrenewable energy technolto national and regionalcircumstances

Many of the RE programmand projects in the regionsupporting biodiesel, biogasification, wind generatinitiatives. In the CaribbeaCuba has advanced thefurthest with plans to mov


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j) Sharing experienceswith countries such asBrazil and Cuba thathave experience with

from simply flaring metha

gas to using it for energygeneration.105 Jamaica andBarbados have both produwind power and are seekiexpand.106 Current biofueproduction is not significthe Caribbean, but there aseveral ongoing efforts indevelopment, or conversisugarcane lands for ethanproduction107Refer to Appendix 7.i for a

of projects. A comprehenslist of RE projects in theRegion is available at the CWeb platform and CIPOR

A U.S.Brazil BiofuelsAgreement was signed inMarch 2007108 and includprovisions to support theestablishment of sustaina

105UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean).2009. A Study On Energy Issues In The Caribbean: Potential For M

106UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean).2009. A Study On Energy Issues In The Caribbean: Potential For M


108http://www.cuopm.com/newsitem_new.asp?articlenumber=1324


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biofuels

k) Viability of biomassderived ethanol

bioenergy programs and

projects in several countrLatin America and theCaribbean including St. Kiand Nevis, the DominicanRepublic and Haiti.IDB and OAS is supportinpartnership.

In the region there are sev

ongoing efforts in thedevelopment, or conversisugarcane lands for ethanproduction.Several countries have beidentified as having potento develop ethanol projecand some are supportingprojects at this stage . Forin 2007, ECLAC conductedstudy on "Biofuel PotentiaGuyana". Results of the stu

indicated that there wastremendous potential for use of sugar cane and its bproducts as sources of ethin the transport sector.

In Barbados, recognizing tethanol can be used in the


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l) Pilot project on use ofcassava as source ofbiofuel for Guyana

production of biodiesel, th

Government has pledged encourage further investmin ethanol production.109

In Jamaica, three plants arexporting dehydrated fuegrade ethanol into the USAunder the CBIJamaicas 10% Ethanolprogram (E10) was introdin 2008 to reduce the usagMethyl Tertiary Butyl Eth

(MTBE) in gasoline. JamaiUS$10 million ethanol plauses Brazilian feedstock aexports to the United Stat

In 2009, FAO, the NationAgriculture Research Inst(NARI) and InternationalTrade Centre conductedresearch on cassavadevelopment in Guyana. T

findings noted that there great technical potential fincreasing cassava producin Guyana and for product

109UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2009. A Study on Energy Issues In The Caribbean: Potential For M

110UN ECLAC (Subregional Headquarters for the Caribbean). 2009. A Study on Energy Issues in The Caribbean: Potential For M


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g) ENVIRONMENTALEDUCATION ANDAWARENESS

Support the Caribbean

Support the further

development of educationfor sustainabledevelopment through:

m)Development of aregional tertiaryeducation programmein renewable energy inSaint Lucia

n) Conduct studies toassess the potential forrenewable energy in thetransportation sector

a) Support the integrationof national sustainabledevelopment strategiesand environmental

development in terms of f

feed and biofuel.111

CREDP has supported effto train teachers and toprovide technical supporteducational institutions ofor e.g. it supported theintroduction of PV classesthe curriculum of the SirArthur Lewis CommunityCollege in St. Lucia in 201

Jamaica launched the E1Pilot Project in 2006 (E1gasoline blended with 10%ethanol). It was a six monpilot study conducted witvehicles. In November 20Jamaica launched its E10blended gasoline tomotorists.112

The main regional inter

governmental programmecatering for children educon the environment are

111FAO. National Agriculture Research Insti

regional implementation matrix

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