regulation and industry agreements dr jaakko saijonmaa nokia 17.10.2003

Regulation and Industry Agreements

Dr Jaakko Saijonmaa

Nokia

17.10.2003

• Regulation

• Standards

• Licencing

• Spectrum

• Type approvals

• Intellectual property

• Interoperability certification

What do I need to know about regulation, laws and agreements to

put system on air – or to make a product for sale?

Agenda

Standards, regulation, agreements …

IPR/PatentsIPR/Patents

StandardStandard

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals

InteroperabilityInteroperability

REGULATION – DONE BY ADMINISTRATION

INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

LAW

NORTH AMERICA

• Standards: TIA, T1, ANSI

• Regulation: FCC, NTIA

• Regulation separated form operation

Global view to regulation & standards

EUROPE

• Standards: ETSI

• Regulation: ECC & national administrations

• Regulation separated form operation

ASIA-PACIFIC

• Standards: SDO’s like MII, ARIB

• Regulation: national administrations

• Regulation not always separated

SDO = Standards Developing Organisation



StandardStandard

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals


INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

LAW


Standards

voluntary arrangements tocreate wider marketplace

managed by recognised Standards Developing Organisations

referenced by legislation and regulation

Standards

voluntary arrangements tocreate wider marketplace

managed by recognised Standards Developing Organisations

referenced by legislation and regulation

Characteristics of a strong standard

• even playfield – nobody controls• IPR settled• wide support & supply• independent suppliers• genuine competition• conformance verification


• even playfield – nobody controls• IPR settled• wide support & supply• independent suppliers• genuine competition• conformance verification

Open standards

To users: Protection against unexpected market disturbances

To users: Protection against unexpected market disturbances

To industry: Wider market access & longer lifetime

To industry: Wider market access & longer lifetime


• even playfield – nobody controls • IPR settled• wide support & supply• independent suppliers• genuine competition• conformance verification


• even playfield – nobody controls • IPR settled• wide support & supply• independent suppliers• genuine competition• conformance verification

How TETRA performs

Standards freely downloadable from www.etsi.org

Standards freely downloadable from www.etsi.org

TETRA:++++++

TETRA:++++++



StandardStandard


INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals

Licencing andcompetition

policy

Licencing andcompetition

policy

Spectrummanagement and licencing

Spectrummanagement and licencing

Approvalsand marketsurveillance

Approvalsand marketsurveillance


• ECC – Electronic Communications Committee• CEPT Working Group Frequency Management (FM)• Project Teams – FM38 PT for PMR spectrum strategy

ECC Decisions• Decisions implemented by national administrations – if

so decide

• web: www.ero.dk + national administration pages

Spectrum - Europe ECCElectronic Communications Committee

CE

PT

Spectrum decision flow - Europe

ECCElectronic Communications Committee

CE

PT

frequencyissues

ETSIETSI WG FMWG FM ECCECC

WG SEWG SE

FM PTxxFM PTxx

WG FMWG FM

SE PTxxSE PTxx

discussion

sharing &combatibility studies

System Ref Doc

draft ECC Decision

studyreports

ECC Decision

FM = frequency managementSE = spectrum engineeringPT = project team

PMR: FM PT38

ERC Decision (96)01 – for Emergency Services – based on agreement with NATO – implemented by 27 administrations

TETRA Spectrum - Europe

ERC Decision (96)04 – for ”Civil TETRA” – implemented by 27 administrations

ECC Decision (02)03 –”Narrowband Digital PMR Decision”

Documents available at www.ero.dk

380 400 410 430 450 470 870 876 915 921390

TETRA Spectrum - RoW

380 400 430 821 866410390 806 851

Common PMR allocations outside Europe – 25 kHz channels

Available in some few countries only – depending on …

+ country specific allocations

• Operating licence only for commercial systems• Spectrum licence always needed• Spectrum is rare and thus valuable – licence

costs• Licencing practices

– First come first served (common practice for PMR)

– Beauty parade– Auction

• ERC Report 105, Review of PMR fees, Feb 2001: – “…auctions are not a suitable instrument for the

issuing of PMR licences … first come first served is the most suitable in the case of PMR.”

Licencing fees & price - national

Example fees for a 3 site system

A trunked PMR system of 3 base stations and 400 mobiles using 3 exclusive PMR channels over an operation area of approx. 10 km;

Annual fee in Euros;

ERC Report 105, Feb 2001

The graph below is based on system 4 - A trunked PMR system of 3 base stations and 400 mobiles using 3 exclusive PMR channels over an operating area of

approximately 10 km

22732

47542

54576

21206

665 769 19643643 3678

5000 5079 5116 6513 7309

13080

20539

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Bulg

aria

Denm

ark

Cze

ch R

ep

Ge

rmany

Hungary

UK

Irela

nd

Norw

ay

Fin

land

Neth

erland

s

Austr

ia

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Sw

itzerl

and

Belg

ium

The graph below is based on system 4 - A trunked PMR system of 3 base stations and 400 mobiles using 3 exclusive PMR channels over an operating area of

approximately 10 km

22732

47542

54576

21206

665 769 19643643 3678

5000 5079 5116 6513 7309

13080

20539

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

Bulg

aria

Denm

ark

Cze

ch R

ep

Ge

rmany

Hungary

UK

Irela

nd

Norw

ay

Fin

land

Neth

erland

s

Austr

ia

Fra

nce

Italy

Cyp

rus

Sw

itzerl

and

Belg

ium

• EU R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC– Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9

March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment

– essential requirements of 3 groups of harmonised standards

• Self-declaration: Declaration of Conformity (DoC)– to harmonised standards or – Technical Construction File (TCF) plus opinion of Notified

Body

• Notification to regulator + CE marking• ECC Report 15/Sep 2002: Market surveillance, radio …

Acceptance Type approvals Declaration of Conform ance

Type approvals Market surveillance

Efficient usage of spectrum (technical compliance):• EN 303 035-1 Harmonised EN for TETRA equipment covering …

V+D• EN 303 035-2 Harmonised EN for TETRA equipment covering …

DMOElectromagnetic compatibility:• EN 301 489-01 EMC standard for radio equipment and services,

part 1: Common technical requirements• EN 301 489-18 EMC standard for radio equipment and services,

part 18: Specific requirements for TETRAElectromagnetic safety, e.g. (handsets):• EN 50360 Product standard … exposure to electromagnetic

fields• EN 50361 Basic standard for the measurement of Specific

Absorption Rate …

Declaration of Conformance/R&TTE

Harmonised TETRA standards:380 400410 430450 470 870876 915921390



StandardStandard

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals


INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

LAW


Intellectual Property Rights

defined in legislation to protect andencourage investment to innovations

supported by international agreements

traded on commercial basis

Intellectual Property Rights

defined in legislation to protect andencourage investment to innovations

supported by international agreements

traded on commercial basis

• Patents, trade marks, copyrights, …• Patents protect and encourage investment to

innovation • Regulated by law• Patents & standards: Essential IPR concept• Declaration to licence on fair, resonable, non-

discriminatory terms

Intellectual property

• Licencing has to be in line with ETSI IPR Policy & international competition laws

• See ETSI website & TETRA MoU website (paper to explain IPR) for more info



StandardStandard

Operating licence

Operating licence

Spectrum licence

Spectrum licence

Type approvals

Type approvals


INDUSTRY

AGREEMENTS

LAW


Interoperability

voluntary industry arrangementto verify multi-vendor performance,

administered by the TETRA MoU Association

and supervised by authorised test house

Interoperability

voluntary industry arrangementto verify multi-vendor performance,

administered by the TETRA MoU Association

and supervised by authorised test house

Goal of TETRA Interoperability work

20 © NOKIA 2002 SD142EN_IOP.PPT/ 07.06.2002 / Tpe public

Enable customers to

purchase from open

and competitive

TETRA market to

meet customer

requirements

Enable customers to

purchase from open

and competitive

TETRA market to

meet customer

requirements

TETRA IOP work flow

MoU

Operator/User Association

Technical ForumMembers’ Enquiry

MoU

Certification Body ISCTI *) – Rome/Italy

ACCEPTED into OPERATION

(Also need CE mark or TA) STANDARDS

TIP SPECSTEST PLANS

CERTIFICATE

TMO AI groupDMO AI group

ISI group (PEI group)

approx 12 suppliers

*) Instituto Superiore delle Comunicazioni e tecnologie dell'Informazione

Tested products:

• Cleartone• DeTeWe• Frequentis• IFR (tester) • Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Niros• Nokia• Rohde &

Schwarz• Simoco/Sepura• Teltronic• ThalesCertificates at www.tetramou.co

m

Tested products:

• Cleartone• DeTeWe• Frequentis• IFR (tester) • Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Niros• Nokia• Rohde &

Schwarz• Simoco/Sepura• Teltronic• ThalesCertificates at www.tetramou.co

m

IOP – achievements/V+D AIV+D Functionality (TTR 001)

TIPTest plan

Tested

Part 1: Version 4 core Ready Ready YesPart 2: SDS Ready Ready YesPart 3: DGNA Ready Ready YesPart 4: Authentication Ready Ready YesPart 5: Packet data Ready Ready YesPart 6: AI migration ph 1 (ph 2)

Ready

Part 7: FSSN Ready Ready YesPart 8: RF loop-back ReadyPart 9: Ambience listening

Ready Ready Yes

Part 10: E2E Encryption & CVO

Ready Ready Yes

Part 11: AI Encryption Ready Ready YesPart 12: Service interaction

Agreed

Part 13: Enable/Disable ReadyPart 15: Call Author by Dispatch…

Ready

Part 16: Air-to-ground ReadyPart 17: Radio User Assignment

ME

MS-PD, AKD, RUA, … Drafts

Status as per10.10.2003

IOP – achievements/DMO & ISIDMO Functionality (TTR 002)

TIPTest plan

Tested

Part 1: Version 2 coreReady

Ready Yes

Part 2: DMO Gateway MEPart 3: Type 1 DMO Repeater

ME

(Note: DMO V2 core contains rich functionality)

ISI Functionality (TTR 003)

TIPTest plan

Tested

Part 1: Mobility mgmt + authent

Ready

Part 2: Individual callReady

Part 3: Short Data Service

Ready

Part 4: Lower layersReady

Part 5-1: Circuit mode voice xfer

Ready

Part 5-2: Packet mode voice xfer

Ready

Part 6: Group callAgreed

Tested DMO products:

• Cleartone• Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Nokia• Simoco/Sepura

Certificates published

at www.tetramou.com

Tested DMO products:

• Cleartone• Marconi/OTE• Motorola• Nokia• Simoco/Sepura

Certificates published

at www.tetramou.com

Status as per10.10.2003

More companies joining

• How many independent radio suppliers would I find for my network if …?

• What permissions/licences do I need to go on air & what does it cost?

• What does the CE mark quarantee?

• Is the product compliant to a harmonised standard?

• How can I check the interoperability status of the new features I want?

Checklist questions

IPRIPR

StandardStandard

LicenceLicenceSpectrumSpectrumApprovalsApprovals

IOPIOP

• To have a wide and open market one needs– a strong standard– market-oriented regulatory regime– voluntary industry arrangements

Summary

• It may mean some extra work, but it gives benefits to all

• With TETRA all this has happened

• European regulation aims at opening the markets– The same is today true also for

increasingly many other regions

IPRIPR

StandardStandard


IOPIOP

Questions?

IPRIPR

StandardStandard


IOPIOP

regulation and industry agreements dr jaakko saijonmaa nokia 17.10.2003

Documents

agreements regulation

case of pmr

review of pmr fees

spectrum engineeringpt

exclusive pmr channels

issuing of pmr licences

administrationsecc decision

tetra performsstandards