rehabilitation ppt.ppt

8/14/2019 REHABILITATION PPT.ppt

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REHABILITATION

&

RESETTLEMENT


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Share a few drops of tears for them.

Because they are the displaced

Give them, a little from your compassion

because they are the dispossessed.


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Women constitutes almost half theaffected and displaced population in theworld.


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REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT (R&R)

It is a multidimensional issue having complexlinkages with gender, livelihood and evengovernance facets.

Main terms involved in R&R are:

Relief:It means the immediate support offered to the

affected persons during a disaster, that disrupts thenormal routine of life, causing loss of life andproperty.


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Rehabilitation:Literal meaning of rehabilitation is the

restoration of someone to a useful place in society by

re- establishing incomes, livelihood, living and social

systems.Resettlement:Is used to define the process of starting

of a new life in another part of the country.

Together Rehabilitation and Resettlement promote

sustainable development.


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Stage 1:Relief

Stage 2:Rehabilitation

Stage 3:Resettlement


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Let us see the R&R policy

framework:


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R R policy frame workGood governancepolicy inputs Output Outcome

Gender and childissues, vulnerablesection issuesReduction ininequality anddisparity

Poverty alleviation,livelihoodopportunitiesPoverty reduction,livelihoodpromotion

Environment issue,Smart Governance

Equitable growthand sustainabledevelopment

PositivecontributiontoMillenniumDevelopmentGoals (MDG)


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How they are displaced?

Infrastructure projects:mainly forceddisplacement. Sardar Sarovar Project, construction of roads etc

are examples.

Natural calamities:In the form of earthquake,cyclones, famines, floods, acid rains etc. Tsunami occurred at

the Asian coasts is one of the ferocious that occurred.

Terrorist attacks :A real threat to World peace.


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CONTD

Creation of National parks:When some forest areais covered under a National Park, it is a welcome step for conservation

of the natural resources. However, it also has a social aspect

associated with it which is often neglected. A major portion of the forest

is declared as core-area, where the entry of local dwellers or tribals isprohibited. When these villagers are deprived of their ancestral right or

access to the forests, they usually retaliate by starting destructive

activities. There is a need to look into their problems and provide them

some employment.


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Terrorist Attacks:

Our country has witnessed and is witnessing a largenumber of terrorist attacks.

Mumbai bomb blast series, Delhi, Coimbatore bomb-blasts, ULFA attacks at Assametc are some of them.

The LTTE attacks compel many Tamil families tomigrate from Lanka to Tamil coast.

The specialty of these attacks is that the innocentpeople are being murdered or being dispossessed.


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Civil outbursts:Internal chaos inside a nation.

Political riots, communal riots and both of these

combined.

Refugee flow becomes a head ache for the authorities

Ex- Service men also should be rehabilitated in civil life

after their release from the service on account of their

truncated career.

Financially deprived:Number of families

displaced due to financial crisis.


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CAUSES IN INDIA FOR REHABILITATION .

(i) Tribals are usually the most affected amongst the displaced

who are already poor. Displacement further increases their poverty due

to loss of land, home, jobs, food insecurity, loss of access to common

property assets, increased morbidity and mortality and social isolation.

(ii) Break up of families is an important social issue arising due

to displacement in which the women are the worst affected and they

are not even given cash/land compensation.

(iii)The tribals are not familiar with the market policies and trends.

Even if they get cash compensation, they get alienated in the modern

economic set-up.


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(iv) The land acquisition laws ignore the communal ownership ofproperty, which is an inbuilt system amongst the tribals. Thus the tribalslose their communitarian basis of economic and cultural existence. Theyfeel like fish out of water.

(v) Kinship systems, marriages, social and cultural functions, theirfolk-songs, dances and activities vanish with their displacement. Evenwhen they are resettled, it is individual-based resettlement, which totallyignores communal settlement.

(vi) Loss of identity and loss of the intimate link between the peopleand the environment is one of the biggest loss. The age-long indigenousknowledge, which has been inherited and experienced by themabout the flora, fauna, their uses etc. gets lost.


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What are the problems suffered

by the displaced?

Mental problems:Anxiety, depression,

sleeplessness, avoidance of total

contact with outside world and even

suicidal tendency.

Physical problems:Untidy refugee

camps invite contagious diseases. Pure

water will be a dream. Typhoid, cholera,

dysentery, diarrhea attack the camps.


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Financial problems:The displaced are

dispossessed. They reach a camp

leaving all their earnings in their nativeland. No provisions to buy medicine,

construct their own shelter or to educate

their young ones.

Anarchy:IDPs are considered as a

burden by the authority. No proper

control from the Government for their

resettlement lead to anarchy and

confusion.


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Settlement in unsafe or unfit locations.

Forced return to unsafe areas.


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How they are resettled?

Government undertakes many

organizations to resettle the displaced.

Some private or semi-private

organizations, referred to as Non

Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

also take fruitful steps.


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1) The Directorate General

Resettlement. (DGR)

An Interservice organization functioning

directly under the Ministry Of Defence.

Numerous retired personnel from the

Armed Forces are rehabilitated in useful

and productive ventures.


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2) Office of Refugee Resettlement

ORR takes many constructive as well

as creative measures among refugees.

ORR is located in US.

Build and bridge cultural and

information gaps to ensure that therefugees get needed care.


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3) Interservice Institution for

Ex-service men resettlement.

Undertakes the resettlement of Ex service menby providing re-employment in the organizedsector or through self employment.

At the Centre, the Ex-Servicemen Welfare Wing

acts.The central government provides :

1) Training programs to re-orient retiringdefence personnel towards Civil employment.

2) Reservation of posts for providing re-employment chances in Govt./ Semi Govt./public sector organizations.

3) Schemes for self-employment.


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4) Resettlement Plans.

Under ADBs policy on InvoluntaryResettlement, Govts. or NGOs shallsubmit a satisfactory Resettlement Plan.

The 11 elements of a satisfactoryResettlement Plan are:

1) Organizational responsibilities.

2) Community participation and

integration with host population.3) Socio- economic Survey.

4) Legal framework.


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5) Identification of alternative sites and

selection.

6) Valuation of; and compensation for; lostassets.

7) Land ownership, tenure, acquisition and

transfer.

8) Access to training, employment and credit.

9) Shelter, infrastructure and social services.

10) Environmental protection and

management.

11) Implementation schedule, monitoring and

evaluation.


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In case of Sardar Sarovar Project, GujaratGovernment is formulating its policy through variousgovernment resolutions. It has decided that each landedoustee shall be entitled to allotment of irrigable land in thestate which he chooses for his resettlement. The area of theland would be equal to that owned by him earlier and theminimum land given to an oustee would be 2 hectares.However, there are problems of landless oustees and thosenatives who were cultivating forest land. The cut-off date foridentifying an adult son in a family has not been fixed. It isimportant since the adult son is to be treated as a separatefamily. The people of 20 submerged villages in Gujarat havebeen resettled at different locations leading to disintegrationof joint families.

CASE STUDIES


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The case of Pong Dam is different. The dam wasconstructed on Beas River in Himachal Pradesh in 1960,while it was a part of Punjab. The water is harnessed toirrigate Rajasthan. Rajasthan, therefore, agreed to provideland to the oustees in the command area of Indira GandhiCanal. However, to carry Beas Water to Rajasthan, anotherdam had to be built adding 20,722 more families that weredisplaced and had to be resettled by Rajasthan. Out of30,000 families uprooted due to Pong dam, only 16,000were considered eligible for allotment, as only they werebonafide cultivators for whom 2.25 lakh acre land wasearmarked. What happened to the rest of the 14,000families is not answered. Punjab which is one of thebeneficiaries of the dam is totally out of the rehabilitationissue. Only Rajasthan and Himachal Pradesh are trying tosettle the matter. Even those who have been settled, theyare in resettlement sites in desert bordering Pakistan, morethan thousand kilometers from their native place, thusbreaking their kinship ties.


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Expand your heart........Think...........ont they- the dispossessed- toohave the right to live in this world?Just keep this in mind..... They also havethe right to breathe the same air that weinhale.So be active in providing theRehabilitation and Resettlement for thedisplaced.....


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THANK YOU

rehabilitation ppt.ppt

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