rehau renewable energy cpd
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REHAU RENEWABLE ENERGY CPD. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONS. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONS. WHAT IS GROUND-SOURCE ENERGY?. District heating. Solar thermal / PV. Low energy windows / curtain walling. Ground-air heat exchanger. Underfloor heating/cooling. Rainwater harvesting. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE SOLUTIONSREHAU RENEWABLE ENERGY CPD
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Ground-source probes/collectors
Stormwater management
Rainwater harvesting
Ground-air heat exchanger
Solar thermal / PVLow energy windows / curtain walling
Underfloor heating/cooling
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONSWHAT IS GROUND-SOURCE ENERGY?
District heating
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Deep geothermal (from within the ground) (> 400m)
- Hydrothermal systems (using water stores)- Petrothermal systems (artificially pumping water deep underground)- Deep geothermal probes (using a closed loop system)
Ground-source (from the sun & rain) (< 400m)
- Ground-source collectors (sub-surface, at a depth of 1.5m)- Ground-source probes (depths of around 100m)- Ground-source energy piles (using the building foundations)- Ground water bore holes (using ground water)- Ground-air heat exchanger (controlled ventilation)
INTRODUCTIONWHAT TYPES OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY ARE THERE?
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Ground-source probes/collectors
Stormwater management
Rainwater harvesting
Ground-air heat exchanger
Solar thermal / PVLow energy windows / curtain walling
Underfloor heating/cooling
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONSWHAT IS GROUND-SOURCE ENERGY?
District heating
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INTRODUCTIONHOW A GROUND-AIR HEAT EXCHANGER WORKS
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EXAMPLE OF DOMESTIC APPLICATIONCOMBINATION WITH HEAT RECOVERY UNIT
1 Suction of fresh air
1
2Pre-warming of fresh air by ground
2
3Ventilation appliance incl. heat recovery
3
4 Distribution of fresh air4
5 Warm internal air extracted from the rooms
5
Expel the extracted air from the building (after heat recovery)
6
6
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INTRODUCTIONCOMBINATION WITH A HEAT RECOVERY UNIT
Expelled warm, stale air from inside the house passes alongside the external air drawn into the house (pre-warmed by a ground-air heat exchanger)
Pre-warmed external air (from G.A.H.E)
Inside
Expelled air
Heat exchanger
Warm, stale air from the building
Heat recovery unit
Outside
Warmed, fresh ventilation air
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INTRODUCTIONWHAT IS CONTROLLED VENTILATION?
Controlled ventilation is required when there is not enough air exchange between the air inside the building and the outside air.
For low-energy and passive houses, controlled ventilation is considered essential due to excellent insulation standards.
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Disadvantages of natural ventilation
- Poor air quality (e.g. odours, air humidity too high/low)
- High CO2 concentration
- Noise pollution- Window ventilation can be hazardous (security and
height risk)
INTRODUCTIONWHY CONTROLLED VENTILATION?
Advantages of controlled ventilation
- Constant filtered, fresh air supply- Savings of up to 20% of heating energy and 80% of
cooling energy - No mould growth and inhibited dust mite growth- Ventilation in noisy areas possible
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CONDENSATION DISCHARGEWHY CONDENSATION BUILDS UP
Cooling of air from approx. 30°C to 16°C produces significant amounts of condensation in the pipe system, especially in summer.
This must be removed to:
- Ensure the continual performance of the G.A.H.E
- To avoid microbial growth
- Avoid potential musty smells
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ANTI-MICROBIAL INNER LAYERINTEGRATION OF SILVER PARTICLES
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Staphylococcus aureus – rod bacteria- Bacillus subtilis - bacteria- Aspergillus niger - mould- Candida albicans – yeast bacteria- Escherichia coli – faecal germs
Standard PP
Antimicrobial inner layer
An antimicrobial effect is achievable via integration of silver particles into the pipe inner layer.
An experiment by the Institut Fresenius (Jan 2003) confirmed a significant reduction in microbe growth using this method:
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Source: Ergebnis Institut Fresenius Jan 2003
ANTI-MICROBIAL INNER LAYERINTEGRATION OF SILVER PARTICLES
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Domestic:
- Air flow rate between 150 - 300 m³/h
- Pipe size DN200 sufficient
- Usually pipes laid as a ring in an existing
trench (min. 40m total length)
Commercial / industrial:
- Air flow rate < 20,000m³/h
- Pipes laid in a Tichelmann layout
- DN 200 – 250 pipes for heat transfer
- Pipe size of distribution pipe DN 500-1200
PIPE LAYOUTSYSTEM DESIGN
Air inlet House
Building
Air inlet
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SYSTEM DESIGNINSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS
- Laying depth approx. 1.5 m to 2 m
- Gradient of around 2 % to the
condensation discharge
- Lay in existing backfill, do not backfill
with sand
- Distance between pipes is at least 1m
(between each pipe, not pipe centres)
- Air velocity between 1-3 m/s
- Pressure losses must also be
considered (20-30Pa maximum)
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SYSTEM DESIGNDESIGN SOFTWARE FOR GROUND-AIR HEAT EXCHANGER
REHAU have bespoke design software to calculate the following:
The software can be obtained on a CD free from REHAU.
Requirements for calculation:
• Air flow rate OR building volume + air change rate
• Location / weather region
• Laying depth
• Laying pattern
• Area for laying
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INTRODUCTIONVARIOUS SYSTEMS TO EXPLOIT GROUND-SOURCE ENERGY
Energy piles Horizontal collectorsProbes
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INTRODUCTIONEXAMPLES OF GROUND-SOURCE APPLICATIONS
Offices
Station platforms
Houses/flats Industry
Airports Schools, sports halls
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Line 1: 1st February
Line 2: 1st May
Line 3: 1st November
Line 4: 1st August
SEASONAL VARIATIONS OF GROUND TEMPERATUREINTRODUCTION
Temperature
Depth
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INTRODUCTIONHOW DOES A HEAT PUMP WORK?
0°C
5°C
25°C
35°C
Compressor
Expansion valve
CondensorEvaporator
Lower pressure Higher pressure
HeatingHeat pumpGround-source system
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* at 1800 hours in service per year according to VDI 4640
INFLUENCE OF GROUND CONDITIONS INTRODUCTION
Poor soil
Average soil
Very good soil
25 W/m
50 W/m
80 W/m
10 W/m²
20-30 W/m²
40 W/m²
25 W/m
50 W/m
80 W/m
Circuit temperature 0 to 6°C -3 to 5°C 4 to 10°C
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GROUND-SOURCE PROBESRELIABLE ENERGY EXTRACTION
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- Double-U probes provide built-in reliability – ‘bury and forget’
- 2 flow and 2 return circuits
- If any probe failure occurs, still having working circuit
- Additional thermal outputs of around 10-15% per probe
GROUND-SOURCE PROBESDOUBLE-U PROBES
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PE-Xa probe with no jointing:
The flow and return of the probe form a continuous circuit without the potential damage point at the probe tip.
PE 100 probes have welded joints at tip.
GROUND-SOURCE PROBESMAXIMUM RELIABILITY WITH PE-Xa PROBES
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Due to the high temperature resistance of PE-Xa (from -40°C to 95°C), PE-Xa probes can be combined with solar thermal installations
GROUND-SOURCE PROBESIN COMBINATION WITH SOLAR ENERGY
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GROUND-SOURCE PROBESSPIRAL PROBES
- 5m deep borehole – simple to drill
- For new builds and refurbishments
- Low storage, transport and installation costs
- Expands from 1.1m to 3m
- High-quality PE-Xa material for safe installation and long-term reliability
- Optimized regeneration due to special PE foil membrane
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GROUND-SOURCE PROBESSPIRAL PROBES
- Average 400 W / probe (up to 700W for
excellent soil)
- 40m of 25x2.3mm pipe
- Up to 3 probes can be connected in series
- Distance between probes 3-4m
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GROUND-SOURCE COLLECTORS
PE 100 collectors
PE-Xa collectors
IDEAL FOR LARGE AREAS OVER 250m²
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68.5% of the thermal energy requirements
are obtained from ground-air heat
exchanger plus ground source energy
coupled with underfloor heating / cooling in
the Passivhaus “0 Liter House“
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOLUTIONSHARNESSING ENERGY FROM SELF REPLENSIHING ON-SITE
TOTAL ENERGY REQUIREMENT 21,170kWh (100%)
Ground-source energy 14,543 kWh (68.5%)
+
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Photovoltaics effectively
top-up the total buildings
energy to 100%
++
ZERO ENERGY BUILDINGPHOTOVOLTAICS INCORPORATED IN THE PASSIVHAUS MODEL
TOTAL ENERGY REQUIREMENT: 21,170kWh (100%)
Ground-source Energy 14,543 kWh (68.5%)
Solar Thermal Energy 1,780 kWh (8.5%)
Photovoltaic electricity 4,847 kWh (23%)
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTIONANY QUESTIONS?