Last Light afDay painting by Carl Blair©WIO Hampton III Gallery,Taylors, South Carolina

YORK COUNTY CHORAL SOCIETY30THANNIVERSARY

GIUSEPPI VERDIRE~IEM

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 2011- 8:00 PMBYRNES AUDITORIUM, WINTHROP UNIVERSITY

ROCK HILL, SOUTH CAROLINA

\

February 5, 2011

To our Audience:

Tonight's performance of the Verdi' Requiem marks a significant milestone in the life of the YorkCounty Choral Society, our 30lh Anniversary. Thank you for joining us for this celebration. The singerson stage have been preparing since last summer to master this work for this special concert. Weare soexcited to have the Winthrop Chorale, under the direction of Kathy Kinsey join our group on stage toform a chorus over 100 voices strong. Four talented soloists, Kristen Wunderlich, Jennifer Luiken, JohnFowler, and Philip Bouknight complete the singing ensemble. Providing the excellent orchestra supportwin be the South Carolina Philharmonic, Morihiko Nakahara music director. Tonight's performance ofthe Verdi' is the first time that the Philharmonic Orchestra has appeared in Rock Hill,

The Choral Society celebrated two other milestone anniversaries the 20th and 25th with singing tours tothe United Kingdom. For our 28t\ we were in residence at National Cathedral in Washington, DC. Twoyears ago the board began discussions to make plans for our 30th anniversary. We talked about anotherconcert tour away from the area"perhaps New York. However as we progressed in these discussions, theopinion of the board was to do a major work with full orchestra here in Rock Hill. Conducting a chorusand orchestra in a performance of the Verdi' Requiem had been a long time goal of the choral society'sMusic Director and Co-founders Dr. David Lowry and Dr. Shirley Fishburne. The Board decided the30th Anniversary would be the ideal time to accomplish both. Plans were laid, orchestra contracts signed,soloists secured; the performance was becoming a reality. The months of hard work and preparation bythe board and singers alike comes to fruition tonight.

With an that being said, none 'Ofthis would be possible without the vision and direction of our MusicDirector and Co-founder Dr. David Lowry. For the entire 30 years of fhe Choral Society's existence Dr.Lowry has been the Music Director, ;concertlrogram planner, UK tour guide, and "chief whip cracker".Tonight we celebrate Dr, David Lowry's 30 Anniversary too. After receiving word last spring thatgrant money that we were counting on to help fund this concert would not be available, the Board of theyeCS challenged the singers to help raise the needed funds in honor of Dr. Lowry's years of service tothe group. The board and the singers rose to that challenge, raising over half of the funds needed fortonight's concert from their own ranks. Thanks to the generosity of our Patrons, Corporate Partners andAdvertisers we were able to raise the balance needed.

Thank you David for 30 years of service to the YCCS and the Yotk County community!

Tonight's Verdi' Requiem Performance is for you!

P. O. Box 4202, Rack Hill, SC 29732

This performance of Verdi's Requiem calls to memory two significant patrons of theYork County Choral Society.

Walter B. Roberts, Chair of theDepartment of Music at WinthropCollege, 1925-1958,founded a communitychorus in 1925called the Rock HillChoral Society, a chorus that continuedFor a decade or so after his retirement.

Jess T. Casey succeeded Dr.Roberts as Chair, then afterreorganization of the adminis­tration, became Dean of theSchool of Music. He served from1958to 1989.

On December 7, 1981, local music enthusiast Suzanne McElveen Okey called David Lowry and ShirleyFishburne together to discuss forming a new choral society. The name selected was York County ChoralSociety, and its first performance was in the spring of 1982.When the {then}Evening Herald announced theplans, there appeared in Lowry's mailbox the next morning the first two patron subscriptions - one fromWalter B. Roberts and one from Jess T. Casey. Such support remained constant for years. YCCS sang forDr. Roberts' funeral at St. John's United Methodist Church in 1993, just a few days before his 100thbirthday. Members ofYCCS were in the choir for the funeral of Dr. Casey in 2010.

The Department of Music of the College of Visual and Performing Arts at Winthrop University continuesto be a significant supporter of YCCS when concerts are scheduled on the Winthrop campus. YCCS isgrateful to Dr. Donald Rogers, Chair, for his support on many details.

The cover of this pro grant is a reproduction of a painting by Carl Blair,a South Carolina artist who received in 2010 the Medal of Honor in the Artsfrom the College of Visual and Performing Arts at Winthrop University.

Permission to reproduce was granted by Hampton IIIGallery3IIOWade Hampton Boulevard, 10 Gallery Center, Taylors, South Carolina 29687

Gallery Hours: Tuesday-Friday, 1-5pmand Saturday, lOAM - 5PM864-268-2771

Sandy@HarnptonIIIGallexy corn

SPECIAL THANKSTO OURCORPORATEPARTNERSROCK HU,L COCA-COLA BOTTLING COMPANY

AGAPE SENIORATS CAROLINAS

CAROLINAMEDICAL CENTER- PINEVILLECOMPORIUMCOMMUNICATIONS

FOUNDERSFEDERAL CREDITUNIONWESTMINSTER TOWERS

YORK COUNTY CHORAL SOCIETY 30THANNIVERSARY CONCERTSATURDAY,FEBRUARY5, 2011- EIGHT O'CLOCK IN THEEVENING

JAMES F. BYRNESAUDITORIUM,WINTHROP UNIVERSITYROCK HILL, SOUTHCAROLINA

TONIGHT'S CONCERT IS SPONORED IN PART BY ROCK HILL COCA-COLA BOTTLING COMPANY

.mess. 6. l\ellaiemGruSEPPI VERDI

1813-1901

YORK COUNTY CHORAL SOCIETYSHIRLEYFISHBURNEANDDAVID LOWRY, CO-FOUNDERS

and theWINTHROP CHORALE

KATHERINEKINSEY, DIRECTORwith the

SOUTH CAROLINA PHILHARMONICMORIHIKO NAKARAHA,MUSIC DIRECTOR

KRISTEN WUNDERLICH, SOPRANOJENNIFER LUIKIN, MEZZO-SOPRANO

JOHN FOWLER, TENORPHILIP BOUKNIGHT, BASS

DAVID LOWRY, CONDUCTOR

I. Requiem andKyrieII. Sequence

Dies IraTuba MirumMors StupebitLiber ScriptusQuid Sum MiserRex TremendceRecordareIngemiscoConfutatisLacrymosa

III. OfJertorioIV SanctusV Agnus DeiVI. Lux ./EternaVII. Libera Me

PLEASE TURN OFFCELLPHONES AND PAGERS. NOFLASH PHOTOGRAPHY ORRECORDINGE~IPMENT IS ALLOWED. THERE IS NO INTERMISSION ..

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YCCS 30THANNIVERSARY PATRONS

Century ClubAnnP.AdamsL.D. and Betsy BartelBill and Sara CastilloJudith L. CowellBarbara and Jim CrookIan and N aney DavidsonGloria and Marshall DoswellMr. and Mrs. Sam GuzaLura M. HollerReggie and Susan KellyJennifer LandslyDr. and Mrs. Delmar LongDr. Martha MacdonaldJoe and Marilyn MitchellMary and Bob MossMr. and Mrs. William H. ReadGayle and George SawyerMarie and Brook ToddDelores and Harry TuneAlWardEarl and Elizabeth WilcoxPookie Williams

Conductors CircleDr. David M. Lowry

Perform.ers CircleDwight and Alma BensonMartha and David CowanMichael and Frances DavisJames D. and Sheree L. Welsh

Sustaining SponsorsCarolyn and Page ConnellyFaye A. DanielPriscilla and William JenningsShirley and Coty FishburneBetty H. SalmondSusan and Steve Vogel

Anniversary SponsorsLil AdickesPaul E. BroomeDoris Thomas BrowderRobyn and Bradley BrownJane andJeffCulpPeter and Mignon EayreDoug and Wendy GayMartha and Toby HaynsworthNina and Wayne LynchJohn and Anne McCullochDr. and Mrs. Donald MoeJane G. MurrayIrene and Doug PointonCurtis and Bettye RawlsBeth and Mike RouseRev. and Mrs. J. Richard SteinEd and Tarnra WestCarrot & Sue Williams

PatronJohn andJane ArantHugh A. BarnettBetty CaughmanAnnF. CodyMike FarisLinda D. HutchisonPatricia and Mickey JohnsonJay KillenMildred S. LaneLouise C. LesslieJeanne MusgroveLarry and Evie RichardsGerry Schapiro

GIFTS IN MEMORY OF

DOTAMICKJEssT. CASEY

KATHERINE COLLIERHANNAH CLAIRE HAYLER

LUCILLE AND GEORGE LOWRYWALTERB. ROBERTS

1.REQUIEM AND KYRIE

Chorus: Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine; et luxperpetua luceat eis. Te decet hymnus, Deus, in Sion, ettibi reddetur votum in Jerusalem. Exaudi orationemmeam: ad te omnis caro veniet.

Quartet and Chorus: Kyrie eleison. Christe eleison.Kyrie eleison.

II. SEQUENCE

Chorus: Dies irae, dies ilia, solvet saeclum in favilla,teste David cum Sibylla.

Quantus tremor est futurus, quando judex est venturus,cuncta stricte discussurus!

Tuba mirum spargens sonum, per sepulcra regionem,coget omnes ante thronum.

Bass: Mors stupebit et natura, cum resurget creatura,judicanti responsura.

Mezzo-soprano and Chorus: Liber scriptusproferetur, in quo Totum continetur, unde mundusjudicetur.

Judex ergo cum sedebit, quidquid latet apparebit: nilinultum remanebit.

Dies irae, dies ilia, solvet saeclum in favilla, teste Davidcum Sibylla.

Soprano, Mezzo-soprano and Tenor: Quid summiser tunc dicturus? Quem patronum rogaturus, cum vixjustus sit securus?

Solo Quartet and Chorus: Rex tremendae majestatis,qui salvandos salvas gratis: salva me, fans pietatis.

Soprano and Mezzo-soprano: Recordare,Jesu pie,quod sum causa tuae viae: ne me perdas ilia die.

Quaerens me, sedisti lassus; redernisri crucem pacem:tantus labor non sit causas.

Juste judex ultionis: donum fac remissionisante diemrationis.

Tenor: Ingemisco tamquam reus, culpa rubet vultusmeus; supplicanti parce, Deus.

Qui Mariam absolvisti, et latronem exaudisti, mihiquoque spem dedisti.

Preces meae non sunt digne, sed tu, bonus, fac benigne,ne perenni cremer igne.

Inter oves locum praesta, et ab haedis me sequestra,statuens in parte dextra.

1.REQUIEM AND KYRIE

Chorus: Grant them eternal rest, 0 Lord; and mayperperual light shine upon them. A hymn in Zion befitsyou, 0 God, and a debt will be paid to you inJerusalem.Hear my prayer: all earthly flesh will come to you.

Quartet and Chorus: Lord, have mercy upon us.Christ, have mercy upon us. Lord, have mercy upon us.

II. SEQUENCE

Chorus: The day of wrath, that day will dissolve theworld in ashes, as David and the Sibyl prophesied.

How great will be the terror, when the Judge comes whowill smash everything completely!

The trumpet, scattering a marvelous sound through thetombs of every land, will gather all before the throne.

Bass: Death and Nature shall stand amazed, when allCreation rises again to answer to the Judge.

Mezzo-soprano and Chorus: Awritten book will bebrought forth, which contains everything for which theworld will be judged.

Therefore when the Judge takes His seat, whatever ishidden will be revealed: nothing shall remain unavenged.

The day of wrath, that day will dissolve the world inashes, as David and the Sibyl prophesied. .

Soprano, Mezzo-soprano and Tenor: What can awretch like me say?Whom shall I ask to intercede forme, when even the just ones are unsafe?

Solo Quartet and Chorus: King of dreadful majesty.who freely saves the redeemed ones, save me, 0 font ofpity.

Soprano and Mezzo-soprano: Recall, merciful Jesus,that I was the reason for your journey: do not destroy meon that day.

In seeking me, you sat down wearily; enduring the Cross,you redeemed me: do not let these pains to have been invain.

Just Judge of punishment: give me the gift of redemptionbefore the day of reckoning.

Tenor: I groan as a guilty one, and my face blushes with. guilt; spare the supplicant, 0 God.

You, who absolved Mary Magdalen, and heard theprayer of The thief, have given me hope, as well.

My prayers are not worthy, but show mercy, 0benevolent one, lest I burn forever in fire.

Give me a place among the sheep, and separate me fromthe goats, placing me on your right hand.

Bass and Chorus: Confutaris rnaledictis. flammisacribus addictis, voca me cum benedictis ..

Oro supplex et acclinis, cor contrirum quasi cinis: gerecuram mei finis.

Chorus: Dies irae, dies ilia, solvet saeclum in favilla,teste David cum Sibylla.

Solo Quartet and Chorus: Lacrymosa dies ilia, quaresurget ex favilla, judicandus homo reus. Huic ergoparce, Deus.

Pie Jesu Domine: dona eis requiem. Amen.

III. OFFERTORIO

Quartet: Domine Jesu Chrisre, Rex gloriae: liberaanimas omnium fidelum defunctorum de poenis infernietprofondo lacu; libera eas de ore leonis; ne absorbeat eastartarus, ne cadant in obscurum. Sed signifer sanctusMichael repraesentet eas in lucem sanctam. Quam olimAbrahae prornisisti et semini ejus.

Hostias et preces tibi Domine, laudis offerimus. Tususcipe pro anirnabus illis, quarum hodie memoriamfacimus. Fac eas, Domine, de morte transire ad vitam,quam olim Abrahae prornisisri et semini ejus.

Libera animas omnium fidelurn defunctorum de poenisinferni; fac eas de rnorte transire ad vitam.

IV. SANCTUS

Double Chorus: Sanctus, sancrus, sanctus, DominusDeus Sabaoth. Pleni sunt coeli et terra gloria rua.Hosanna in excelsis!Benedicrus qui venit in nominiDomini. Hosanna in excelsis!

V.AGNUSDEI

Soprano, Mezzo-soprano, and Chorus: Agnus Dei,qui tollis peccata mundi, dona eis requiem.Agnus Dei,qui tollis peccata mundi, dona eis requiem sempiternam.

VI. LUXAETERNA

Mezzo-soprano, Tenor and Bass: Lux aeterna luceateis, Domine, cum sanctis tuis in aeternam, quia pius es.

Requiem aeternarn dona eis, Domine, et lux perpetualuceat eis, cum sanctis tuis in aeternam; quia pius es.

VII. LIBERA ME

Soprano and Chorus: Libera me, Domine, de rnorreaeterna in die ilia tremenda; quando coeli movendi suntet terra: dum veneris judicare saeclum per ignem.

Bass and Chorus: When the damned are silenced. andgiven to the fierce flames, call me with the blessed ones.

I pray, suppliant and kneeling, with a heart contrite asashes: take my ending into your care.

Chorus: The day of wrath, that daywill dissolve theworld in ashes, as David and the Sibyl prophesied.

Solo Quartet and Chorus: That day is one ofweeping, on which shall rise from the ashes the guiltyman, to be judged. Therefore, spare this one, 0 God.

Merciful Lord Jesus: grant them peace. Amen.

III. OFFERTORIO

Quartet: 0 Lord Jesus Christ, King of Glory: deliverthe souls of all the faithful dead from the pains of helland from the deep pit; deliver them from the mouth ofthe lion; that hell may not swallow them, and that theymay not fall into darkness. But may the holy standard­bearer Michael show them the holy light; which youonce promised to Abraham and his descendents.

We offer to you, 0 Lord, sacrifices and prayers. Receivethem on behalf of those souls whom we commemoratetoday. Grant, 0 Lord, that they might pass from deathinto that life which you once promised to Abraham andhis descendents.

Deliver the souls of all the faithful dead from the painsof hell; Grant that they might pass from death into thatlife.

IV. SANCTUS

Double Chorus: Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Sabaoth.Heaven and earth are filled with your glory. Hosanna inthe highest! Blessed is he that comes in the name of theLord. Hosanna in the highest'

V.AGNUSDEI

Soprano, Mezzo-soprano, and Chorus: Lamb ofGod, who takes away the sins of the world, grant themrest. Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world,grant them rest everlasting.

VI. LUXAETERNA

Mezzo-soprano, Tenor and Bass: Let eternal lightshine upon them, 0 Lord, with your saints forever; foryou are merciful.

Grant them eternal rest, 0 Lord, and may perperuallight shine upon them with your saints forever; for youare merciful.

VII. LIBERA ME

Soprano and Chorus: Deliver me, 0 Lord, frometernal death on that awful day, when the heavens andthe earth shall be moved: when you will come to judgethe world by fire.

.:- ""

Tremens facrus sum ego et timeo, dum discussio veneritatque ventura irae, quando coelimovendisunt et terra.

I tremble, and I fear the judgment and the wrath tocome,when the heavensand the earth shallbe moved.

Dies irae, dies iliacalamitatiset miseriae;diesmagnaetamaravalde.

The dayofwrath, that dayof calamityandmisery;agreat and bitter day,indeed.

Requiem aeternam, dona eis,Domine, et luxperperualuceat eis.

Grant them eternal rest, 0Lord, andmayperperuallight shineupon them.

Liberame,Domine, de morte aeterna in die iliatremenda.

Deliverme, Lord, from eternal death on that awfulday.

Liberame,Domine, quando coelimovendisunt et terra;dumvenerisjudicaresaeclumper ignem.

Deliverme, 0 Lord,when the heavensand the earthshallbe moved;when youwill come to judge the worldby fire.

Liberame,Domine, demorte aeterna in die illatremenda. Liberame.

Deliverme, Lord, from eternal death on that awfulday.Deliverme.

Board of Directors, York County Choral SocietyDavid Lowry and Shirley Fishburne, Co-founders

Susan Read, Vocal Coach and AccompanistCarrot Williams, PresidentJennifer Landsly, Secretary

Jeff Culp, TreasurerDwight Benson - Paul BroomePage Connelly - Michael Davis

Doug Gay- Pat JohnsonDonald Moe - Irene Pointon

Frances SteinDavid Lowry, ex officio

AcknowledgmentsOakland Baptist Church with immense gratitude for providing YCCS

with rehearsal space for 30 yearsThe administration of the South Carolina Philharmonic, Columbia

The Department of Music, College of Visual and Performing Arts, Winthrop UniversityCarl Blair and the Hampton III Gallery, Taylors, South Carolina

Tricia Heffner for managing webpageRegal Graphics, Rock Hill, South Carolina

Thisproject ispartially funded by theArts Council of York County Small Grants Program,which receivesfundingfrom the Rock Hill Tourism Commission,theJohn and SusanBennett Memorial

Arts Fund of the Coastal Community Foundation of SC, the SC Arts Commissionand the National Endowment for theArts.

'.. !\. '::'~'""'-

SOLOISTS

KRISTEN WUNDERLICH, soprano, is in her third yearas Assistant Professor of Voice at WinthropUniversity. She has taught previously at ThePennsylvania State University, Luther College,Waldorf College and the University of Texas atArlington. At the University of North Texas, Denton,she received the degree Master of Music in VocalPerformance in 200] and was awarded a Doctor ofMusical Arts degree in Vocal Performance with anemphasis in Vocal Pedagogy in 2008. She hasappeared with the Denton Bach Society, Dallas'Orchestra of New Spain, the Texas Chamber Artists,and a performance of Pergolesi's Stabat Mater in theCzech Republic. Dr. Wunderlich sang in the YCCSperformance of Handel's Messiah in 2008, and wewelcome her back.

JENNIFER LUIKEN, mezzo-soprano. is well versed in bothoperatic and concert repertoire. Operatic credits includeMadame Flora in The Medium, Katisha in The Mikado, thetitle role in The Rape of Lucretia, the Witch in Hansel andGretel, the Mother in Amahl and the Night Visitors, PrinceOrlofsky in Die Fledermaus, Principessa in Suor Angelica,Zita in Gianni Schicchi, Maddalena in Rigoletto, theSorceress in Dido and Aeneas, and Third Lady in TheMagic Flute. She has made multiple appearances with theCharleston Symphony Orchestra and other regionalorchestras, and has performed on the Spotlight Series withthe Festival Orchestra during the Piccolo Spoleto Festival.Her concert repertoire includes Beethoven's Symphony No.9, Dvorak's Requiem and Stabat Mater, Mozart's Requiem,Bernstein's Jeremiah and Kaddish Symphonies, Handel'sMessiah, Mendelssohn's Elijah, Bach's St. John Passionand Aaron Copland's In the Beginning, which sheperformed with the Charleston Southern University ConcertSingers at York Minster Cathedral in York, England. Shehas also performed in Germany, Austria, the CzechRepublic, and Italy. She is an avid and frequent recitalistand performer of both art song and chamber music for voiceand instruments. Miss Luiken has been a state winner andregional finalist in the Metropolitan Opera auditions, secondrunner-up in the Mid-Atlantic region of the NationalAssociation of Teachers of Singing Artist Auditions, as wellas a national finalist in the Shreveport Opera Competition,

and a prizewinner in theCarolina Opera Guildauditions. She received herDoctorate in voiceperformance from theUniversity of SouthCarolina, where she was thereipient of the CarrollTaussig Fellowship in Opera.A native of Iowa, she nowlives in Charleston where sheis Associate Professor ofVoice at CharlestonSouthern U .

JOHN FOWLER, TENOR, hasenjoyed an internationalcareer, performing leadingroles at major opera housesincluding the MetropolitanOpera, San Francisco Opera,Canadian Opera in Toronto,Houston Grand Opera,Cincinnati Opera, BostonLyric Opera, Opera deMontreal, Wiener Staatsoper,

Deutsche Staatsoper Berlin, Opernhaus Zurich, Opera de Nice,Theatre du Chatelet Paris, Hamburgische Staatsoper,Frankfurter Oper, Kolner Opemhaus, Opera Royal de WallonieBelgium, Gran Teatro del Liceo Barcelona, Teatro Real Madridand Opera Nacional de Sao Carlos Lisbon Portugal. Concertappearances have included Puccini's Petite Messe Solennelleand the Verdi Requiem with the radio orchestra of Milan, aswell as Mahler's 8th Symphony at Carnegie Hall.Mr. Fowlerwas awarded an Emmy for his performances of Rodolfo in LaBoheme at New City Opera's Live From Lincoln Center series.

Mr. Fowlerhas served as consultant Artistic Director for theOpera Company of North Carolina, and is Artistic Director ofthe Winthrop Opera Theater. Mr. Fowler's studio and privatestudents have won Metropolitan Opera National CouncilAuditions, The Leontyne Price International VocalCompetition and Charles A. Lynam Vocal Competition. Hisstudents hold or have held positions with the young artistprograms of Merola San Francisco, Cincinnati Opera,Glimmerglass Opera, Brevard Music Center, Central CityOpera, Opera Carolina and the Opera Company of NorthCarolina. Others have appeared in performances at theBayreuther Festpiele, Hamburgische Staatsoper, Deutsche Operam Rhein Dusseldorf, Frankfurter Oper and Operade Liege.

PHILIP ANTHONY BOUKNIGHT, BARITONE,has performed Oratorio extensively throughout theUnited States and abroad. He has sung the title role inMendelssohn's Elijah, Jesus in Bach's St. JohnPassion, Manoah in Handel's Sampson and Simon inhis Judas Maccabaeus. Rev. Bouknight has alsoperformed Handel's Messiah, Dubois' Seven LastWords of Christ, Brahms' Requiem, Carissimi's Jeptheand Vaughan William's Hodie to name a few. Hiscredits include the world premieres of Aaron Garber'sJob and Jesus, Son of Our Father as well as the UnitedStates premiere of Amaral Vieira's The Seven LastWords of Christ on the Cross with the York CountyChoral Society. He has been seen on internationaltelevised broadcasts of Mozart' sMass in CMajor andBernstein's Chichester Psalms. Upcomingengagements include Scarlatti's St. John Passion. Rev.Bouknight will make his debut with the LynchburgSymphony in 2011 singing Dvorak's Te Deum. Heholds the degrees Bachelor of Music Education fromthe University of South Carolina, Master of Musicfrom Rice University, and a Master of Divinity fromLutheran Theological South Seminary. He is an

ordained Lutheran pastor servingTrinity Ecumenical Parish inMoneta, VA.

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DAVID LOWRY was appointed lecturer and Winthrop CollegeOrganist in 1965 and has been the principal organ professor atWinthrop University since then. Prior to his appointment he wasconductor of the Lutheran Choral Society of Bergen County, NewJersey, assistant organist of The Church of the Heavenly Rest onFifth Avenue in New York, and a faculty member of The ChapinSchool. .

After coming to Winthrop, he served church music posts atProvidence United Methodist, Charlotte; First Presbyterian,Belmont; and the Church of Our Saviour,Rock Hill. Since becomingProfessor Emeritus he continues as parish musician at The Church ofthe Good Shepherd, Columbia.

He has been on the boards of the Presbyterian Association ofMusicians, and continues as a past-president and a member ofvarious committees of the Association of AnglicanMusicians. His 21-

year as a of the Royal School of Church Music in America earned him theaward HonRSCM by that organization whose patron is Her Majesty the Queen, and His Grace,the Archbishop of Canterbury.

As an organist he has appeared numerous times with the Charlotte Symphony,played manyrecitals and liturgies in the USA, Great Britain, Austria and Switzerland. As organ consultant hehas counseled many churches in the Carolinas.

It was 30 years ago that he and ShirleyFishburne were persuaded to launch a new choralsociety, the York County Choral Society. It was a success from the beginning and celebrates itsthird decade tonight. Notable have been two concert tours to the United Kingdom, a four-dayresidency in the Washington National Cathedral, and appearances in Raleigh, Charleston's PiccoloSpoleto Festival, and venues in York, Lancaster, Chester, Chesterfield and Dillon counties in SouthCarolina.

His students have engaged in successful careers in church music and education aswell theconcert field throughout the country.

KATHERINEKINSEY is Associate Professor of Musicat Winthrop University. She serves as the Director ofChoral Activities and directs the Winthrop Chorale andChamber Singers. Her choirs have performed in stateand regional festivals aswell as the Piccolo SpoletoFestival. They have also performed with the Charlotteand Charleston Symphonies, and in the WashingtonNational Cathedral in addition to collaborating withoutstanding university choral programs in concert and inspecial projects. She has also served asmusical directorand conductor for musical theater and operaticproductions in the College of Visual and PerformingArts.

Dr. Kinsey is a native ofWalterboro, South Carolina, and holds a master's degree from theUniversity of North Carolina at Greensboro and a doctorate from the University of SouthCarolina.

She is often employed as a clinician of choral festivals and as an adjudicator of choralcontests and festival organizations. Sheworks as a choral music consultant with middle and highschool choral directors in the Carolinas, offering guidance and direction with regard to scorepreparation, interpretation, rehearsal technique and choral singing.

Ann AdamsBuzz BensonPaul BroomeBradley BrownBill Castillo*SaraCastillo*AnnCody*Page ConnellyDave Cowan*Martha CowanJudy Cowell*JeffCulpFaye DanielMichael DavisVeta Evans"Chris FischesserChip Grant*LuraHollerJeannie James"PriscillaJennings

York County Choral SocietyDavid Lowry, Music Director

Susan Read, Vocal Coach and Accompanist

Pat Johnson*SusanKellyJennifer LandslyFred LangfordDan LawsonEuolinda LoganMary LuzziNina LynchJohn McCullochAileen McGowanMiriam MickDonMoeTimMoeMary MossJane MurrayJean MusgroveIrene PointonBettye RawlsGreg Reynolds

Larry RichardsBetty SalmondGayle SawyerGeorge SawyerKaren SellsLaura ShrumJanice SimpsonFrances SteinLinda SuttonDelores TuneHarry TuneSteve VogelSusan VogelAl WardJim WelshEd WestCarrot WilliamsWendy Wingard-Gay

*Indicates those who sang in the first YCCS performance on April 4, 1982

Christopher ArmstrongAlexander BalesJustin BarbeeHeather BarleyPatricia BlairAmanda BrittDedra CaldwellBrittani CopelandCollins CornwellJennifer DeanJessica DismukesCatherine GibbonsLawrin GreenMelissa HarringtonZachary HendersonJeremy HelmsKyraHillAmanda HinesKatelin HinnantChristopher Homyk

The Winthrop ChoraleKatherine Kinsey, Director

Allyn HuntThomas HuskeyAustin JeffersonAmberlyn JonesHeather KicklighterAshley KingZachary LemhousePhilip LoftisMaryRuth LownChad MartinAndrea McAllisterLauren MetcalfJ asmine MurrayMarissa NicholsLisaOrumEmi ReevesJustin RhymerColleen RiceAvianna RishebargerRachel Robinson

Chandler RobinsonCarmen RoldanColin RufferJoseph SingletonChristopher SmallsRae'gan SmithRobert StonebrakerVictoria StoudenmierKatherine TowsonTimothy TuckerJessica TurekBrianna ValenciaAngela VoskuilJoshua WallLatasha WatsonMeghan WhitneyAri WilliamsTex WilliamsSerena WolfgangD'NarYoung

r:~:. - ", .!'. .!::..c""".

THE SOUTH CAROLINA PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRAMORIHIKO NAKAHARA, MUSIC DIRECTOR

Violin IMary Lee Taylor, concertmasterAshley Horvat, associateconcertmasterDamir Horvat, senior assistant concertmasterAmy Herin, assistant concertmasterTeresa CurranEssena Setaro

ClarinetDoug Graham,principalPhil Thompson"

ViolinzMicah Gangwer,principalDonatas Stanciauskas, associateprincipalJennifer HillAndrew LynnJulia LongNicole Neely

ViolaJ arrod Haning, principalAudry HarrisMaurice Hood,principal emeritusRachel Sanders

BassoonAmy Yang, actingprincipalStephanie WhitsonRobert EvansHilary Yost*

CelloDusan Vukajlovic,principalIsmail Akbar, associateprincipalColleen MarcouMary Ann Watson,principal emerita

HornRobert Pruzin,principalPatrick ClaytonAndrew FierovaCyndi Graybill

TrumpetJ ens Larsen, actingprincipalRandy LoveCharlie PolkJonathan Swygert

Trumpet (off stage)Ian Pearson"John Brooks"Dave Brady*Courtney Wyatt*

Double BassTim Easter,principalKen Klatte

TromboneBrad Edwards ,principalJustin Isenhour"

FluteWendy Cohen, principalCynthia HopkinsJ eana Melilli

OboePetrea Warneck, actingprincipalPatrick Preacher

Bass TromboneFred Boyd,principal

TubaRon Davis,principal

PercussionB.Michael Williams*Will Keith*

"Personnel from Winthrop University

Program NotesIJavid Lowry

PERTINENT TO THE WORK

The remarkable scholarship of David Rosen published in recent years by the University of Chicagoreveals much valuable information. One of the most arresting pieces of research is the letter fromVerdi to Ricordi (Italy's famous music publisher) that the Requiem, while not at all designed forchurch use, was not to be performed musically as an opera, but with restraint. Here are Verdi'swords (translated):

I understand that it may be just as easy as you like, but there are intentions regardingexpression and especially regarding character that aren't so easy. You understandbetter than I that one mustn't sing this Mass in the way one sings an opera, andtherefore phrasing and dynamics that may be fine in the theater won't please me atall,not at all.

That is an interesting statement, since there are many moments of writing for voices soloand choral that reflect his operatic style. But yet he wished restraint.

Not for church? One must recognize that in the last part of the 19th century in Italy it wasstill not possible for a female to sing in the Roman Catholic Church. To do so put the singer in linefor excommunication from the church. Goodness knows what would happen to the priest whomight allow it.

Further, it is important to know how the work evolved.

WHYTHERE~IEMEXISTS

The correct title of the work is simplyMessa da Requiem. Its text is from the liturgical Burial of theDead of the Roman Catholic Church. The inspiration for the work is two-fold.

The opera composer Gioachino Rossini, an Italian national treasure, died in 1868,and it wasVerdi who worked with Ricordi to create a Rossini Requiem with each movement composed by adifferent composer.

Which composers? Verdi wrote the final movement, Libera me. Ultimately there were 13composers. Today's scholarship finds the other 12either barely known or unremarkable.

The choice of soprano soloist was definitely in Verdi's mind for the Libera me, but Fox Newswas not around to explore what their relationship was. Fox News could have had a ball.

The I3-composer work was never performed. Ricordi returned the Libera me to Verdi twoyears later.

It wasn't until 1988,some 90 years later, that the original Rossini Requiem was discoveredin the publisher's vaults and was turned into a performance by Helmuth Rilling.

Five years after the Messa per Rossini, in 1873, there carne the death of an even morerenowned literary Italian, Alessandro Manzoni, incredibly revered by most of Italy. Verdi was somoved by Manzoni's death he dared not travel to his funeral in Milan, a funeral that caused anenormous procession populated by thousands of Italians (see print below).

A few days later Verdi traveled privately to Mazoni's grave. He pledged to Ricordi that healone would write a Requiem for the first anniversary ofManzoni's death.

Today we give thanks he took the Libera me from the Rossini attempt, put it in the Manzoniproject, slightly revised, and quoted portions of it in his all-newRequiem that we celebrate in thisperformance.

RECENT PERFORMANCES WITH A POIGNANT TURN

In some recent performances of Verdi's Requiem, there have been accounts of performances of thework in the Teresienstadt Nazi concentration camp outside Prague sixty-sixlears ago.That Czechcamp was set up to give the Red Cross and the world the impression that Jews were being well­treated. There was one member of the camp who had just one cc!pYof the vocal score and he taughtby rote the entire work ~ome~bers of.the camp, replacing singer~as they were shipped off to thegas chambers at Auschwitz.A nckety plano wasused as accompaniment.

A survivorof the camp noted that the Nazis thought the Jewswere dumb, not knowing theywere singing their own Requiem, but the Jews were in fact thinking they were singing the Nazis'Requiem, and the Nazis did not know it. One recent performance that had present some survivorsof the Holocaust said that rhey changed the finalwords of the Libera me to Oseh shalom - from theJewish prayer for peace - grant peace to us and to all ourpeople.

Of such a performance in Vermont last May, former Vermont governor Madeleine Kuninnoted "that the redemptive power of music has rarely been portrayed with such terrorand beauty as with a performance of Verdi' sRequiem, both then and now."

While the ancient Dies Irae text is rarely used today, it is clear that history has seen it to bea provocative tool of the Roman Catholic Church to impress upon Christians the dangers of livinga nefarious life.

But it is important to see through to the piety of the masterpiece that a Requiem alwaysprays for the mystery of life after death, and the yearning of the bereaved for the soul of thedeparted.

Signature on the Requiem manuscript.

THIRTY YEARS MAKING MUSIC

Since the first concert in the Spring of 1982,with a performance of Parts II and III of Handel'sMessiah with members of the Charlotte Symphony, the York County Choral Society has workedhard to maintain its original goal-to perform choral masterworks with appropriateaccompaniment.

It became clear in the first season that there is a public in the area that appreciates andsupports the endeavor. That support has never failed.

Moreover, the YCCS has represented York County and South Carolina in concert awayfrom home. Two tours in the United Kingdom included concerts and liturgies in St. David'sCathedral, Wales; St. Mary's Church, Prestbury; Durham Cathedral; Lincoln Cathedral; St.Michael's Church, Alnwick; St. Mary's Cathedral, Edinburgh, Scotland; St. Deiniol Cathedral,Bangor, Wales; and St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, Ireland. In each of these venues, the YCCSrepertory was entirely by American composers.

InJuly, 2006, for the 25thanniversary, there was a four-day residency in the Cathedral of St.Peter and St. Paul-the National Cathedral-in Washington, District of Columbia, again singingmusic by American composers.

Other performance venues have included Raleigh, North Carolina, the South Carolina citiesof York, Dillon, Lancaster, Chester, Cheraw, Spartanburg, and some appearances in the PiccoloSpoleto Festival in Charleston.

The singing membership includes residents of York, Chester, Lancaster and Mecklenburgcounties who pay dues and purchase their own music.

MAJOR WORKS PERFORMED

Albright A SongtoDavid (Regional A.G.O. Convention)Bach Cantatas 80, 147,Magnificat, St.John Passion,B-minor Mass

Beethoven Symphony NO.9Bernstein Cbicbester Psalms

Brahms A GermanRequiem, LiebesliederWaltzerBritten Rejoice in the Lamb, A Ceremonyof Carols,St. Nicholas

Darke HierusalemDurufle RequiemFaure RequiemHandel Messiah

Haydn The Creation,Mass in Time of War, Te DeumHigginson Requiem (American Premiere in Rock Hill; Piccolo Spoleto)

Honegger King DavidMendelssohn Elijah

Mozart Requiem, Missa Brevis inD, Vespers,GrandMass in Cminor, CoronationMass in COrff CarminaBurana

Pinkham Christmas CantataPoulenc Gloria (Leo Driehuys conducting Charlotte Symphony)

Schubert Mass in GStravinsky Symphony ofPsalms'

Vaughan Williams Dona Nobis Pacem,Five Mystical SongsVieira Seven Last Words of Christ on the Cross(American Premiere)

Vivaldi GloriaWiley Columbus:Dream to Reality (Commissioned: World Premiere)

PLUS SMALLER WORKS INCLUDING THESE COMPOSERS

Bertalot, Conte, Davison, Gawthrop, George-Warren, German, Gershwin, Greene, Hogan,Houkom, Howells, Kern, Leighton, Lewis, Lowry,Mulholland, Neswick, Parker-Shaw, Parry, Part,Phillips, Powell, Rutter, Staheli, Bruce Thompson, Randall Thompson, Tavener, Victoria, Wyton